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<document id="CEFA02B6FF72183C6FD58E6D7E6158DE" ID-CLB-Dataset="20513" ID-DOI="10.15553/c2018v732a1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="025e1235-99de-4ef9-8849-de54ad29a779" ID-ISSN="2235-3658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5724514" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1637763397625" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Vorontsova, Maria S." docDate="2018" docId="03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284" docLanguage="en" docName="Candollea.73.2.143-186.pdf" docOrigin="Candollea 73 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B.3:Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B" docStyleName="Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Panicum trichocladum K. Schum." docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="180" masterDocId="FF98FFC2FFDEFF8FFFBEFF821D085607" masterDocTitle="Revision of the group previously known as Panicum L. (Poaceae: Panicoideae) in Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="186" masterPageNumber="143" pageNumber="178" updateTime="1699470019059" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="6ED523F26ABD39798DCA7FF8452D12C1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="BD828FE44B256CD5BC394018808F2FE8">
<mods:title id="C995F766259831B3FB7B746FB126889D">Revision of the group previously known as Panicum L. (Poaceae: Panicoideae) in Madagascar</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="5A005FFC9C343596AB20BE44283174C3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1765B220B306566309274D82C26D9416">
<mods:roleTerm id="B6F293885EBD0E1931484F3086860F7C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F258FFA8E991B2F15DE5354AE67E42D9">Vorontsova, Maria S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4695421C32FFAA02FE86DB4E1FD3663C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="298B0FC80F2285D4120CF7DE3A321C6B" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="A4C07CD512C50D9F14ED21437112C422">
<mods:title id="09A976D5E96F5500BE29E7C36887087C">Candollea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C25C3BB7EB165F72B7D52E026A15745F">
<mods:date id="179CFF59072B45D17A5BF4EE0A6BBBF4">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="238392DA432C77B273D245EF05370670" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="0E596A04FB007D63AF17C351D08CC1B6">2018-11-05</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="2141CC67C9AD92C4407FAC24658A70A4" type="volume">
<mods:number id="30D958FA81498E67D84ACE0B002D7411">73</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5FFA446EE123CB9FFD3AF4BB249005C2" type="issue">
<mods:number id="412AE370C98E39609BE6E41A0BF97BEA">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="EB75239384C2432CC9BECF3CB87472F0" unit="page">
<mods:start id="ADB38EA05CCA045FD4CB8BB751E4AA97">143</mods:start>
<mods:end id="A98855831E691999FBA276101BC63AC6">186</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="C58DA90F596E6F2A731A192D47094374">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="146F584E26EB9E9CB1BA30131FBE629B" type="CLB-Dataset">20513</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="050C4529FE31C8E052EA865C9A890A1F" type="DOI">10.15553/c2018v732a1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6DBCC184A99E5DAB4662913412004703" type="GBIF-Dataset">025e1235-99de-4ef9-8849-de54ad29a779</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CB64502DBC96EC086A6157BD187AAA78" type="ISSN">2235-3658</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DAF596310429EB2E21A5672B9EE9CC80" type="Zenodo-Dep">5724514</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6312747" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193580191" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6312747" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">
<subSubSection id="C3126527FFFDFFACFC9FFA15192153C8" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB736ACFFFDFFACFC9FFA15192153C8" blockId="35.[801,1452,1430,1487]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">
27.
<taxonomicName id="4C084D2FFFFDFFACFCF9FA1519A853A8" ID-CoL="4CFG7" authority="K. Schum." authorityName="K. Schum." box="[839,1184,1430,1455]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocladum">
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFDFFACFCF9FA15192653A9" bold="true" box="[839,1070,1430,1455]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">Panicum trichocladum</emphasis>
K. Schum.
</taxonomicName>
in Engl., Pflanzenw.
<bibCitation id="5E223EC0FFFDFFACFAC4FA15192D53C8" author="Afrikas" page="103" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" score="0.021399177134361555" volumeTitle="C" year="1895">OstAfrikas, C: 103. 1895</bibCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3126527FFFDFFACFCF9FA601811507D" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB736ACFFFDFFACFCF9FA601811507D" blockId="35.[839,1452,1505,1658]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">
<materialsCitation id="3B603CF1FFFDFFACFCF9FA60184B501E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3472817119" collectionCode="B" collectorName="H. Meyer" country="Tanzania" location="Kilimanjaro" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" specimenCode="B100715462" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFDFFACFCF9FA601ECD53FD" bold="true" box="[839,965,1506,1530]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">
<typeStatus id="54B3880EFFFDFFACFCF9FA601ECD53FD" box="[839,965,1506,1530]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(designated here):
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFDFFACFB20FA63181253FD" bold="true" box="[1182,1306,1505,1530]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">
<collectingCountry id="F31F763CFFFDFFACFB20FA63181A53FE" box="[1182,1298,1505,1529]" name="Tanzania" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49CCF84EFFFDFFACFA9CFA6018AF53FD" box="[1314,1447,1506,1530]" country="Tanzania" name="Kilimanjaro" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">Kilimanjaro</collectingRegion>
, s.d.,
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFDFFACFCC6F980190D501D" box="[888,1029,1538,1562]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">
<collectorName id="26FD537AFFFDFFACFCC6F9801ED1501E" box="[888,985,1538,1561]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">H. Meyer</collectorName>
140
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFDFFACFBABF980192F501E" box="[1045,1063,1538,1561]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBAE9ED7FFFDFFACFB89F98319B2501E" box="[1079,1210,1537,1561]" collectionCode="B" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" type="Herbarium">B100715462</specimenCode>
] image seen;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B603CF1FFFDFFACFAF4F98019A1503D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3472817096" collectionCode="US" country="Tanzania" location="Meyer" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" specimenCode="US00140067" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kilimanjaro" typeStatus="isolectotype">
<typeStatus id="54B3880EFFFDFFACFAF4F98018A0501D" box="[1354,1448,1538,1562]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" type="isolectotype">isolectotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFDFFACFCF9F9A01E62503D" box="[839,874,1570,1594]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">US</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBAE9ED7FFFDFFACFCC3F9A3191A503E" box="[893,1042,1569,1593]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">US00140067</specimenCode>
] image seen)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B603CF1FFFDFFACFB08F9A3181D507D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3472816310" collectionCode="B, US, BR" collectorName="Volkens" country="Tanzania" location="Usambara" municipality="Volkens" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" specimenCode="US00140067, BR0000008766779" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFDFFACFB08F9A318A3503D" bold="true" box="[1206,1451,1569,1594]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">
<typeStatus id="54B3880EFFFDFFACFB08F9A3182A503E" box="[1206,1314,1569,1593]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" type="syntype">Syntypus</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F31F763CFFFDFFACFA91F9A318AC503E" box="[1327,1444,1569,1593]" name="Tanzania" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8ED76077FFFDFFACFCF9F9C01EBD505D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284:8ED76077FFFDFFACFCF9F9C01EBD505D" box="[839,949,1602,1626]" country="Tanzania" municipality="Volkens" name="Usambara" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">Usambara</location>
, s.d.,
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFDFFACFC4CF9C01955505E" box="[1010,1117,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">
<collectorName id="26FD537AFFFDFFACFC4CF9C01935505D" box="[1010,1085,1602,1626]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">Volkens</collectorName>
69
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFDFFACFBD0F9C01989505D" box="[1134,1153,1602,1626]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15534" name="Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" type="Herbarium">B</collectionCode>
†,
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFDFFACFB27F9C019B4505D" box="[1177,1212,1602,1626]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">US</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBAE9ED7FFFDFFACFB73F9C31855505E" box="[1229,1373,1601,1625]" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">US00140067</specimenCode>
] image seen,
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFDFFACFC3FF9E01EAD507E" box="[897,933,1634,1657]" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">BR</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBAE9ED7FFFDFFACFC08F9E3198F507E" box="[950,1159,1633,1657]" collectionCode="BR" country="Brazil" name="Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collection" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">BR0000008766779</specimenCode>
] image seen)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3126527FFFDFFAAFCF9F9201DEC5408" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB736ACFFFDFFAAFCF9F9201DEC5408" blockId="35.[801,1451,1696,1946]" lastBlockId="37.[113,765,278,527]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">
Scrambling ascending perennial, rhizomatous,
<quantity id="4CF09B49FFFDFFACFAECF92318A350BE" box="[1362,1451,1696,1722]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" unit="m" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5– 2 m</quantity>
tall, the culms branching, glabrous or sometimes pubescent on the nodes.
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFDFFACFC0FF960192150FD" box="[945,1065,1762,1786]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">Leaf sheaths</emphasis>
glabrous to finely pubescent.
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFDFFACFAE5F960189350FD" box="[1371,1435,1762,1786]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">Ligule</emphasis>
a ciliolate membrane.
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFDFFACFC4CF8801957511D" box="[1010,1119,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">Leaf blades</emphasis>
linear to lanceolate, flat, chartaceous, 3–15 ×
<quantity id="4CF09B49FFFDFFACFC0CF8A3192D513E" box="[946,1061,1824,1849]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" unit="cm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.5 cm</quantity>
, drying green-brown, rounded at the base and acuminate at the tip, glabrous to finely pubescent on both sides.
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFDFFACFC27F8E01EE1517D" box="[921,1001,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="178">Panicles</emphasis>
terminal, partly or fully exserted,
<quantity id="4CF09B49FFFDFFACFAEDF8E318A3517E" box="[1363,1451,1888,1913]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="178" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5–15 cm</quantity>
long, ovate, diffuse, the branches filiform, flexuous, with long white cilia subtending the spikelet, the pedicels
<quantity id="4CF09B49FFFBFFAAFDDEFE951FCB5729" box="[608,707,278,303]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3–10 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFFCFFEB51DCF5748" box="[113,199,311,335]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Spikelets</emphasis>
oblong, apically rounded to acute, c.
<quantity id="4CF09B49FFFBFFAAFDF0FEB51F835749" box="[590,651,311,335]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long, with poorly visible veins, green to purple, partly open at maturity.
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFFCFFEFA1DFE5788" box="[113,246,375,399]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Lower glume</emphasis>
1/6–¼ as long as the spikelet, membranous, with no veins, glabrous.
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFE84FE1A1CB357A8" box="[314,443,407,431]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Upper glume</emphasis>
as long as the spikelet, herbaceous, 5-veined, glabrous.
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFE3CFE3A1CF457C8" box="[386,508,439,463]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Lower floret</emphasis>
male, with palea.
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFD07FE3A1DBD57E8" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Lower lemma</emphasis>
herbaceous, 5-veined, glabrous.
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFDADFE5A1F9557E8" box="[531,669,471,495]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Upper lemma</emphasis>
smooth, shiny, pale.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF776624FFFAFFABFF36F8AC1F4751A0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5724548" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5724548" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5724548/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="179" startId="36.[136,164,1838,1857]" targetBox="[253,1403,306,1767]" targetPageId="36">
<paragraph id="8BB736ACFFFAFFABFF36F8AC1F4751A0" blockId="36.[136,1445,1838,1959]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFF36F8AC1DDC5146" bold="true" box="[136,212,1838,1857]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">Fig. 17. –</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C084D2FFFFAFFABFF64F8AC1F345146" authority="A. Camus. A. Habit" box="[218,572,1838,1857]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Panicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="36" pageNumber="179" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subhystrix">
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFF64F8AC1C855146" box="[218,397,1838,1857]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">Panicum subhystrix</emphasis>
A. Camus.
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFE4DF8AC1F0D5146" bold="true" box="[499,517,1838,1857]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">A.</emphasis>
Habit
</taxonomicName>
, wet environment;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFD56F8AC1FF15146" bold="true" box="[744,761,1838,1857]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">B.</emphasis>
Ligule;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFC81F8AC1E595146" bold="true" box="[831,849,1838,1857]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">C.</emphasis>
Habit, dry environment;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFB8EF8AC194A5146" bold="true" box="[1072,1090,1838,1857]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">D.</emphasis>
Panicle branch;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFF36F8CA1D91515C" bold="true" box="[136,153,1864,1883]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">E.</emphasis>
Spikelet with glumes removed;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFE05F8CA1CC2515C" bold="true" box="[443,458,1864,1883]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">F.</emphasis>
Lower glume, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFD7EF8CA1FDA515C" bold="true" box="[704,722,1864,1883]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">G.</emphasis>
Upper glume, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFC79F8CA1ED1515C" bold="true" box="[967,985,1864,1883]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">H.</emphasis>
Upper glume, ventral view;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFF36F8E31D9A5173" bold="true" box="[136,146,1889,1908]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">I.</emphasis>
Lower lemma, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFE30F8E31C955173" bold="true" box="[398,413,1889,1908]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">J.</emphasis>
Lower lemma, ventral view;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFD21F8E31FB85173" bold="true" box="[671,688,1889,1908]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">K.</emphasis>
Lower palea, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFC21F8E31EA75173" bold="true" box="[927,943,1889,1908]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">L.</emphasis>
Lower palea, ventral view;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFB1AF8E319B15173" bold="true" box="[1188,1209,1889,1908]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">M.</emphasis>
Upper floret, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFF36F8F81D92518A" bold="true" box="[136,154,1914,1933]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">N.</emphasis>
Upper lemma, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFE2BF8F81CA0518A" bold="true" box="[405,424,1914,1933]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">O.</emphasis>
Upper lemma, ventral view;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFD17F8F81FB2518A" bold="true" box="[681,698,1914,1933]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">P.</emphasis>
Upper palea, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFC14F8F81EB4518A" bold="true" box="[938,956,1914,1933]" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">Q.</emphasis>
Upper palea, ventral view. [
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFAFFABFF30F8161C5851A0" box="[142,336,1940,1959]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="179">Vorontsova et al. 748</emphasis>
, K] [Drawing: Lucy T. Smith]
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3126527FFFBFFAAFF29FDB51FEE54C9" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB736ACFFFBFFAAFF29FDB51FEE54C9" blockId="37.[113,763,567,719]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFF29FDB51C995448" box="[151,401,567,591]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
. – Tropical African species introduced to South America and Asia, and common on the
<collectingCountry id="F31F763CFFFBFFAAFFCFFDF51DDE5488" box="[113,214,631,655]" name="Comoros" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Comoros</collectingCountry>
. Sometimes collected in northern
<collectingCountry id="F31F763CFFFBFFAAFDFCFDF51FC95488" box="[578,705,631,655]" name="Madagascar" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, with a single weedy record from
<collectingRegion id="49CCF84EFFFBFFAAFE1FFD151F3954A8" box="[417,561,663,687]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
. Humid disturbed areas, often near human habitation,
<quantity id="4CF09B49FFFBFFAAFE4EFD351F6154C9" box="[496,617,694,719]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" unit="m" value="525.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="50.0">50–1000 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13332A29FFFBFFAAFDC7FD351FDE54C8" box="[633,726,695,719]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[114,142,1187,1206]" captionTargetBox="[133,1420,284,1167]" captionTargetId="figure-614@35.[128,784,207,1210]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 16. – Distribution maps. A. Panicum subalbidum Kunth (stars), P. subhystrix A. Camus (triangles), P. trichocladum K. Schum. (circles) and P. voeltzkowii Mez (squares); B. Panicum vohitrense A. Camus (stars), Trichanthecium brazzavillense (Franch.) Zuloaga &amp; Morrone (triangles), T. parvifolium (Lam.) Zuloaga &amp; Morrone (circles) and Urochloa maxima (Jacq.) R.D. Webster (squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5724546" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5724546/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3126527FFFBFFAAFF29FD7A1FE05588" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB736ACFFFBFFAAFF29FD7A1C845568" blockId="37.[113,763,759,911]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFF29FD7A1DC65508" box="[151,206,760,783]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Notes</emphasis>
. – This species can be recognised by its wiry flexuous inflorescence branches, and by long white trichomes usually subtending the spikelet. It seems likely that this species is introduced in
<collectingCountry id="F31F763CFFFBFFAAFEB6FCD51C805568" box="[264,392,855,879]" name="Madagascar" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB736ACFFFBFFAAFF29FCF51FE05588" blockId="37.[113,763,759,911]" box="[151,744,885,911]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
This species is illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="EF994B5DFFFBFFAAFE7FFCF51F5D5588" author="BOSSER, J." box="[449,597,885,911]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" refId="ref44329" refString="BOSSER, J. (1969). Graminees des paturages et des cultures a Madagascar. Orstom." type="book" year="1969">BOSSER (1969</bibRefCitation>
: Fig. 127a-d).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3126527FFFBFFAAFF29FC371FF55284" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB736ACFFFBFFAAFF29FC371FF55284" blockId="37.[113,765,949,1155]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFF29FC371C8255CF" box="[151,394,949,968]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Additional material examined</emphasis>
. –
<materialsCitation id="3B603CF1FFFBFFAAFE1AFC371CF855E5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3472816381" collectingDate="1850-07" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Boivin" country="Madagascar" location="Nosy Be" municipality="Prov." pageId="37" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="P02608269" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Antsiranana">
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFE1AFC371FC255CF" bold="true" box="[420,714,949,968]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<collectingCountry id="F31F763CFFFBFFAAFE1AFC371F2855CF" box="[420,544,949,968]" name="Madagascar" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49CCF84EFFFBFFAAFD99FC371FCE55CF" box="[551,710,949,968]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Prov. Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8ED76077FFFBFFAAFD71FC341D8155E4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284:8ED76077FFFBFFAAFD71FC341D8155E4" country="Madagascar" municipality="Prov." name="Nosy Be" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" stateProvince="Prov. Antsiranana">Nosy Be</location>
,
<date id="FFB6106CFFFBFFAAFF2FFC521DD355E4" box="[145,219,976,995]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1850-07">
<collectingDate id="EFF2E984FFFBFFAAFF2FFC521DD355E4" box="[145,219,976,995]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1850-07">VII.1850</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFF5AFC521C5555E4" box="[228,349,976,995]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<collectorName id="26FD537AFFFBFFAAFF5AFC521C1455E5" box="[228,284,976,994]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Boivin</collectorName>
1962bis
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFBFFAAFED7FC521C7E55E4" box="[361,374,976,995]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBAE9ED7FFFBFFAAFE3CFC521CEA55E4" box="[386,482,976,995]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P02608269</specimenCode>
])
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B603CF1FFFBFFAAFE44FC521CCB55FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3472817284" collectingDate="1953-07" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Bosser" country="Madagascar" location="montagne d'Ambre" municipality="d'Ambre" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="P02608274" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8ED76077FFFBFFAAFE44FC521F9755E4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284:8ED76077FFFBFFAAFE44FC521F9755E4" box="[506,671,976,995]" country="Madagascar" municipality="d'Ambre" name="montagne d'Ambre" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">montagne d’Ambre</location>
,
<location id="8ED76077FFFBFFAAFD19FC521FF155E4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284:8ED76077FFFBFFAAFD19FC521FF155E4" box="[679,761,976,995]" country="Madagascar" municipality="d'Ambre" name="Joffreville" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Joffreville</location>
,
<date id="FFB6106CFFFBFFAAFFCFFC681DB555FA" box="[113,189,1002,1021]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1953-07">
<collectingDate id="EFF2E984FFFBFFAAFFCFFC681DB555FA" box="[113,189,1002,1021]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1953-07">VII.1953</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFF79FC691C2355F9" box="[199,299,1003,1022]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<collectorName id="26FD537AFFFBFFAAFF79FC691DF155FA" box="[199,249,1003,1021]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Bosser</collectorName>
5448
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFBFFAAFE86FC691C4D55F9" box="[312,325,1003,1022]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBAE9ED7FFFBFFAAFEEDFC681CBC55FA" box="[339,436,1002,1021]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P02608274</specimenCode>
])
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B603CF1FFFBFFAAFE70FC691C7F5210" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3472817162" collectingDate="1959-08" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Bosser" country="Madagascar" location="Ambatoloaka" municipality="Nosy Be" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="P02608268" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD3ACD6FFFBFFAAFE70FC691F1155F9" box="[462,537,1003,1022]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Nosy Be</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ED76077FFFBFFAAFD9DFC681F9255FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284:8ED76077FFFBFFAAFD9DFC681F9255FA" box="[547,666,1002,1021]" country="Madagascar" municipality="Nosy Be" name="Ambatoloaka" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Ambatoloaka</location>
,
<date id="FFB6106CFFFBFFAAFD1DFC681FF055FA" box="[675,760,1002,1021]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1959-08">
<collectingDate id="EFF2E984FFFBFFAAFD1DFC681FF055FA" box="[675,760,1002,1021]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1959-08">VIII.1959</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFFCFFB841DD6521F" box="[113,222,1029,1048]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<collectorName id="26FD537AFFFBFFAAFFCFFB841DAB521F" box="[113,163,1030,1048]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Bosser</collectorName>
13220
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFBFFAAFF55FB841DF0521E" box="[235,248,1030,1049]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBAE9ED7FFFBFFAAFEB8FB871C60521F" box="[262,360,1029,1048]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P02608268</specimenCode>
])
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B603CF1FFFBFFAAFE3CFB841C345235" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3472817017" collectingDate="1933-04" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Perrier de la Bathie" country="Madagascar" location="camp d'Ambre" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="P02608270" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8ED76077FFFBFFAAFE3CFB841F0D521F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284:8ED76077FFFBFFAAFE3CFB841F0D521F" box="[386,517,1029,1049]" country="Madagascar" name="camp d'Ambre" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">camp d’Ambre</location>
,
<date id="FFB6106CFFFBFFAAFDB0FB871F58521F" box="[526,592,1029,1048]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1933-04">
<collectingDate id="EFF2E984FFFBFFAAFDB0FB871F58521F" box="[526,592,1029,1048]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1933-04">IV.1933</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFDE4FB841DAB5234" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<collectorName id="26FD537AFFFBFFAAFDE4FB841FF3521F" box="[602,763,1029,1048]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Perrier de la Bâthie</collectorName>
19303
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFBFFAAFF0FFBA21DB65234" box="[177,190,1056,1075]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBAE9ED7FFFBFFAAFF75FBA21C255234" box="[203,301,1056,1075]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P02608270</specimenCode>
])
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B603CF1FFFBFFAAFEF9FBA21C82524B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3472816427" collectingDate="1840-07-18" collectionCode="K, P" collectorName="Perville" country="Madagascar" location="Passandana" municipality="Nosy Be" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="K000805601, P02608266" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD3ACD6FFFBFFAAFEF9FBA21C9A5234" box="[327,402,1056,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Nosy Be</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ED76077FFFBFFAAFE25FBA21CF75234" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284:8ED76077FFFBFFAAFE25FBA21CF75234" box="[411,511,1056,1075]" country="Madagascar" municipality="Nosy Be" name="Passandana" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Passandana</location>
,
<date id="FFB6106CFFFBFFAAFDB6FBA21F675234" box="[520,623,1056,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1840-07-18">
<collectingDate id="EFF2E984FFFBFFAAFDB6FBA21F675234" box="[520,623,1056,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1840-07-18">18.VII.1840</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFDC6FBA21FD75234" box="[632,735,1056,1075]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<collectorName id="26FD537AFFFBFFAAFDC6FBA21FB15234" box="[632,697,1056,1075]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Perville</collectorName>
299
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFBFFAAFD52FBA21FF35234" box="[748,763,1056,1075]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBAE9ED7FFFBFFAAFFC7FBB81DE1524A" box="[121,233,1082,1101]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">K000805601</specimenCode>
],
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFBFFAAFF42FBB91C025249" box="[252,266,1083,1102]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBAE9ED7FFFBFFAAFEA9FBB81C73524A" box="[279,379,1082,1101]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P02608266</specimenCode>
])
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B603CF1FFFBFFAAFE2BFBB91C715260" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3472816423" collectingDate="1912-09-11" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Viguier &amp; Humbert" country="Madagascar" location="Hellville" municipality="Nosy Be" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="P02608273" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD3ACD6FFFBFFAAFE2BFBB91CE95249" box="[405,481,1083,1102]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Nosy Be</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8ED76077FFFBFFAAFE55FBB81F30524A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284:8ED76077FFFBFFAAFE55FBB81F30524A" box="[491,568,1082,1101]" country="Madagascar" municipality="Nosy Be" name="Hellville" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Hellville</location>
,
<date id="FFB6106CFFFBFFAAFDFFFBB91F945249" box="[577,668,1083,1102]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1912-09-11">
<collectingDate id="EFF2E984FFFBFFAAFDFFFBB91F945249" box="[577,668,1083,1102]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="1912-09-11">11.IX.1912</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFD18FBB91DEA526F" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<collectorName id="26FD537AFFFBFFAAFD18FBB91FEC524A" box="[678,740,1083,1101]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Viguier</collectorName>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="4C084D2FFFFBFFAAFFCFFBD71DB4526F" authorityName="Wahl &amp; Sime" authorityYear="2002" box="[113,188,1109,1128]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Humbert" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<collectorName id="26FD537AFFFBFFAAFFCFFBD71DB4526F" box="[113,188,1109,1128]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Humbert</collectorName>
</taxonomicName>
124
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFBFFAAFF51FBD41DF4526E" box="[239,252,1110,1129]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBAE9ED7FFFBFFAAFEB4FBD71C62526F" box="[266,362,1109,1128]" collectionCode="P" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">P02608273</specimenCode>
])
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B603CF1FFFBFFAAFE3AFBD71FF05285" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3472816441" collectingDate="2011-11-04" collectionCode="K, TAN" collectorName="Vorontsova" country="Madagascar" county="Prov." latitude="-21.386667" location="RN 25 from Irondro to Ambolotara" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.938614" municipality="Irondro" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Fianarantsoa">
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFE3AFBD71F39526F" bold="true" box="[388,561,1109,1128]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<collectingRegion id="49CCF84EFFFBFFAAFE3AFBD71F25526F" box="[388,557,1109,1128]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Prov. Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8ED76077FFFBFFAAFD89FBD71DD05284" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A187BAFFFDFFAAFC9FFA151FF55284:8ED76077FFFBFFAAFD89FBD71DD05284" country="Madagascar" county="Prov." latitude="-21.386667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.938614" municipality="Irondro" name="RN 25 from Irondro to Ambolotara" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" stateProvince="Prov. Fianarantsoa">RN25 from Irondro to Ambolotara</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3C506BFFFBFFAAFF5FFBF21C3F5284" box="[225,311,1136,1155]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" precision="15" seconds="12" value="-21.386667">21°23'12&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
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,
<date id="FFB6106CFFFBFFAAFE21FBF21CF95284" box="[415,497,1136,1155]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="2011-11-04">
<collectingDate id="EFF2E984FFFBFFAAFE21FBF21CF95284" box="[415,497,1136,1155]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" value="2011-11-04">4.XI.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B97CEABEFFFBFFAAFE47FBF21FA85284" box="[505,672,1136,1155]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">
<collectorName id="26FD537AFFFBFFAAFE47FBF21F595285" box="[505,593,1136,1154]" pageId="37" pageNumber="180">Vorontsova</collectorName>
et al. 705
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFBFFAAFD12FBF21FB45284" box="[684,700,1136,1155]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED19AE69FFFBFFAAFD7DFBF21FF85284" box="[707,752,1136,1155]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="37" pageNumber="180" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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