364 lines
47 KiB
XML
364 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="0D81A42C29A173021DBAB6F7B8614527" ID-CLB-Dataset="300550" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.13173828" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3dbd2041-0711-4651-bdf5-2d771a498f0c" ID-ISSN="1732-2421" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13173828" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1721350277187" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, Anna" docDate="2002" docId="03D77655B437E54CFFEFF96BB1DCAD1E" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaPalaeontolPol.47.3.459-467.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 47 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37.1:ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="93F5927C23D90727DE855278A6F17B37" docStyleName="ActaPalaeontolPol.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Plectograptus robustus" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="463" masterDocId="FFEE0E2DB434E548FF89FFC0B05CAA31" masterDocTitle="Agastograptus, a synonym of Plectograptus (Retiolitidae, Graptolithina)" masterLastPageNumber="467" masterPageNumber="459" pageNumber="462" updateTime="1722619596334" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="FF19E24FF0526184D3C43A1D866C1DEE">Agastograptus, a synonym of Plectograptus (Retiolitidae, Graptolithina)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C25EAB641FAD414B253B1B1107A331F3">Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, Anna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C3CDC8E427D0F5BB705EA7C74F29F0B0">Acta Palaeontologica Polonica</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="518EC0E4D0A40691F8585EACD1EC74C4">
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<mods:date id="D7CFC93BD78530DD685A274D0D832483">2002</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3F3C9B10B1B44F88FEB85B665BB002F9">2002-12-31</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D77655B437E54CFFEFF96BB1DCAD1E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173826" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13173826" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D77655B437E54CFFEFF96BB1DCAD1E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D77655B437E54CFFEFF96BB1DCAD1E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="463" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
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<subSubSection id="C36494C8B437E54BFFEFF96BB2A4ACF9" box="[102,760,1707,1736]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54BFFEFF96BB2A4ACF9" blockId="3.[102,760,1707,1773]" box="[102,760,1707,1736]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFFEFF96BB2A4ACF9" authority="(Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983)" baseAuthorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[102,760,1707,1736]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFFEFF96BB1DCACF9" box="[102,384,1707,1736]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Plectograptus robustus</emphasis>
|
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFE19F96BB2B2ACF9" author="Obut, A. M. & Zaslavskaya, N. & Zaslavskaa, N." box="[400,750,1707,1736]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="103 - 113" refId="ref7681" refString="Obut, A. M. and Zaslavskaya, N. [Zaslavskaa, N.] 1983. Families of retiolitids and their phylogenetic relationships [in Russian]. In: A. S. Dagys and V. N. Dubatolov (eds.), Morfologia i sistematika bespozvonocnyh fanerozoa, 103 - 113. Izdatelstvo Nauka, Moskva." type="book chapter" year="1983">Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B437E54BFFEFF917B08EACDC" box="[102,210,1751,1773]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54BFFEFF917B08EACDC" blockId="3.[102,760,1707,1773]" box="[102,210,1751,1773]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
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<figureCitation id="1345DBC6B437E54BFFEFF917B092ACDC" box="[102,206,1751,1773]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,135,1146,1165]" captionTargetBox="[106,769,226,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-629@3.[106,772,226,1121]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. A, B. Plectograptus macilentus (Törnquist, 1887), ZPAL G. 27/1; Baltic erratic boulder 46 Jarosławiec (photo D. Bates). A. Reverse view of proximal fragment of immature rhabdosome. B. Inside view showing shape of ancora umbrella and shape of rhabdosome in cross section. C, D. Plectograptus robustus (Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983). C. ZPAL G.27/2, EEP, Bartoszyce borehole, depth 1627.0 m, obverse view of immature rhabdosome. D. UIGGM SB RAS 251/42−4/1, holotype, Kaliningrad District, North Kaliningrad borehole, depth 2094.0–2105.5 m (courtesy of N. Sennikov). Scale bars 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: a, aperture; ap, apertural process; au, ancora umbrella; l, lip; mv, mid−ventral list; po, proximal orifice; v, virgella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13173834/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Fig. 2C, D</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B437E54BFFEFF8C0B56CAB25" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54BFFEFF8C0B158AD03" blockId="3.[102,775,1792,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6EE06DB437E54BFFEFF8C0B35BAD27" box="[102,775,1792,1814]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFFEFF8C0B114AD27" authorityName="Kozłowska-Dawidziuk" authorityYear="2002" box="[102,328,1792,1814]" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFFEFF8C0B114AD27" box="[102,328,1792,1814]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Agastograptus robustus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A239A62AB437E54BFEC4F8C0B1DDAD27" box="[333,385,1792,1814]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADFE152B437E54BFE03F8C0B29EAD27" author="Obut, A. M. & Zaslavskaya, N. & Zaslavskaa, N." box="[394,706,1792,1814]" page="108" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" year="1983">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFE03F8C0B29EAD27" author="Obut, A. M. & Zaslavskaya, N. & Zaslavskaa, N." box="[394,706,1792,1814]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="103 - 113" refId="ref7681" refString="Obut, A. M. and Zaslavskaya, N. [Zaslavskaa, N.] 1983. Families of retiolitids and their phylogenetic relationships [in Russian]. In: A. S. Dagys and V. N. Dubatolov (eds.), Morfologia i sistematika bespozvonocnyh fanerozoa, 103 - 113. Izdatelstvo Nauka, Moskva." type="book chapter" year="1983">Obut and Zaslavskaya 1983: 108</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 24,
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
tab. 24: 1–3.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54BFFEFF8FBB10FAD5C" blockId="3.[102,775,1792,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFFEFF8FBB274AD60" authority="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" box="[102,552,1851,1873]" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
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||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFFEFF8FBB116AD60" box="[102,330,1851,1873]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Agastograptus robustus</emphasis>
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||
Obut and Zaslavskaya
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFDB8F8FBB35BAD60" author="Obut, A. M. & Zaslavskaya, N." box="[561,775,1851,1873]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="207 - 219" refId="ref7745" refString="Obut, A. M. and Zaslavskaya, N. 1986. Families of retiolitids and their phylogenetic relationships. In: C. P, Hughes and R. B. Rickards (eds.), Palaeoecology and Biostratigraphy of the Graptolites. Geological Society Special Publication 20: 207 - 219." type="journal article" year="1986">Obut and Zaslavskaya</bibRefCitation>
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||
1986: 210, fig. 1a–c.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54BFFEFF8B5B179AD96" blockId="3.[102,775,1792,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
|
||
non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFF07F8B5B210ADBA" authority="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" box="[142,588,1909,1931]" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFF07F8B5B12DADBA" box="[142,369,1909,1931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Agastograptus robustus</emphasis>
|
||
Obut and Zaslavskaya
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFDDDF8B5B29AADBA" author="Lenz, A. C." box="[596,710,1909,1931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="851 - 860" refId="ref7420" refString="Lenz, A. C. 1994 a. Uppermost Wenlock and lower Ludlow plectograptine graptolites, Arctic Islands, Canada: new isolated material. Journal of Paleontology 68: 851 - 860." type="journal article" year="1994">Lenz 1994a</bibRefCitation>
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||
: fig. 2: 1–7, fig. 3: 1–9.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54BFFEFF870B161ADD3" blockId="3.[102,775,1792,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
|
||
non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFF07F870B217ADF7" authority="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" box="[142,587,1968,1990]" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
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||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFF07F870B12DADF7" box="[142,369,1968,1990]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Agastograptus robustus</emphasis>
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||
Obut and Zaslavskaya
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFDDBF870B29BADF7" author="Lenz, A. C." box="[594,711,1968,1990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="1344 - 1349" refId="ref7455" refString="Lenz, A. C. 1994 b. A sclerotized retiolitid, and its bearing on the origin and evolution of Silurian retiolitid graptolites. Journal of Paleontology 68: 1344 - 1349." type="journal article" year="1994">Lenz 1994b</bibRefCitation>
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||
: fig. 2: 1–5, fig. 3: 1–4, 6.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54BFCA5FF22B56CAB25" blockId="3.[812,1485,226,276]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6EE06DB437E54BFCA5FF22B56CAB25" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
|
||
non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFCD0FF22B57AAAC9" authority="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" box="[857,1318,226,248]" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFCD0FF22B41CAAC9" box="[857,1088,226,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Agastograptus robustus</emphasis>
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Obut and Zaslavskaya
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADFE152B437E54BFABBFF22B498AB25" author="Rickards, R. B. & Packham, G. H. & Wright, A. J. & Williamson, P. L." page="32" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" year="1995">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFABBFF22B498AB25" author="Rickards, R. B. & Packham, G. H. & Wright, A. J. & Williamson, P. L." pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="1 - 68" refId="ref7801" refString="Rickards, R. B., Packham, G. H., Wright, A. J., and Williamson, P. L. 1995. Wenlock and Ludlow graptolite faunas and biostratigraphy of the Quarry Creek District, New South Wales. Association of Australasian Palaeontologists Memoir 17: 1 - 68." type="journal article" year="1995">Rickards, Packham, Wright and Williamson 1995: 32</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 18I, J.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B437E54BFCA5FEE6B33DABAF" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54BFCA5FEE6B33DABAF" blockId="3.[812,1486,294,414]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFCA5FEE6B45AAB0F" box="[812,1030,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.—Similar to
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFB17FEE7B56DAB0F" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1182,1329,294,318]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus">
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||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFB17FEE7B56DAB0F" box="[1182,1329,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">P. macilentus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, but differs in possession of paired reticulofusellar apertural processes. Reticular lists of the ancora sleeve and thecal walls are absent.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B437E54BFCA5FE72B516ADA6" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54BFCA5FE72B419A89B" blockId="3.[812,1486,434,682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFCA5FE72B3ECABF8" box="[812,944,434,457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Description</emphasis>
|
||
.—The longest (
|
||
<quantity id="4C866AA6B437E54BFBEDFE72B4F8ABFB" box="[1124,1188,434,458]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
) specimen contains 3 pairs of thecae, and represents growing rhabdosome (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1345DBC6B437E54BFAEAFE12B59CABDB" box="[1379,1472,466,490]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,135,1146,1165]" captionTargetBox="[106,769,226,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-629@3.[106,772,226,1121]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. A, B. Plectograptus macilentus (Törnquist, 1887), ZPAL G. 27/1; Baltic erratic boulder 46 Jarosławiec (photo D. Bates). A. Reverse view of proximal fragment of immature rhabdosome. B. Inside view showing shape of ancora umbrella and shape of rhabdosome in cross section. C, D. Plectograptus robustus (Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983). C. ZPAL G.27/2, EEP, Bartoszyce borehole, depth 1627.0 m, obverse view of immature rhabdosome. D. UIGGM SB RAS 251/42−4/1, holotype, Kaliningrad District, North Kaliningrad borehole, depth 2094.0–2105.5 m (courtesy of N. Sennikov). Scale bars 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: a, aperture; ap, apertural process; au, ancora umbrella; l, lip; mv, mid−ventral list; po, proximal orifice; v, virgella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13173834/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
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||
). Width of ancora umbrella is about
|
||
<quantity id="4C866AA6B437E54BFB2CFE32B4BBA838" box="[1189,1255,498,522]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Some lists of ancora umbrella are present, forming almost complete rim on the ancora. Rhabdosome width increases up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C866AA6B437E54BFA80FDF2B514A878" box="[1289,1352,562,586]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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||
on the level of 3rd pair of thecae. Apertural processes absent in two first pairs of thecae. Length of first apertural processes is 0.5 mm. Virgella is not preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54BFCA5FD7EB3FEAEA4" blockId="3.[812,1486,701,1943]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFCA5FD7EB3FBA8E4" box="[812,935,702,725]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Discussion</emphasis>
|
||
.—The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C579E1B437E54BFC77FD7DB43CA8E4" box="[1022,1120,701,725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFB01FD7EB55BA8E4" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" box="[1160,1287,701,725]" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFB01FD7EB55BA8E4" box="[1160,1287,701,725]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">A. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
number UIGGM SB RAS 251/42−4/1 (there is also number 251/42−44 for the same specimen, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFB9DFD3DB5D0A924" author="Obut, A. M. & Zaslavskaya, N. & Zaslavskaa, N." box="[1044,1420,765,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="103 - 113" refId="ref7681" refString="Obut, A. M. and Zaslavskaya, N. [Zaslavskaa, N.] 1983. Families of retiolitids and their phylogenetic relationships [in Russian]. In: A. S. Dagys and V. N. Dubatolov (eds.), Morfologia i sistematika bespozvonocnyh fanerozoa, 103 - 113. Izdatelstvo Nauka, Moskva." type="book chapter" year="1983">Obut and Zaslavskaya 1983: 108</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 175) illustrated on
|
||
<figureCitation id="1345DBC6B437E54BFC41FCDDB443A904" box="[968,1055,797,821]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,135,1146,1165]" captionTargetBox="[106,769,226,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-629@3.[106,772,226,1121]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. A, B. Plectograptus macilentus (Törnquist, 1887), ZPAL G. 27/1; Baltic erratic boulder 46 Jarosławiec (photo D. Bates). A. Reverse view of proximal fragment of immature rhabdosome. B. Inside view showing shape of ancora umbrella and shape of rhabdosome in cross section. C, D. Plectograptus robustus (Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983). C. ZPAL G.27/2, EEP, Bartoszyce borehole, depth 1627.0 m, obverse view of immature rhabdosome. D. UIGGM SB RAS 251/42−4/1, holotype, Kaliningrad District, North Kaliningrad borehole, depth 2094.0–2105.5 m (courtesy of N. Sennikov). Scale bars 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: a, aperture; ap, apertural process; au, ancora umbrella; l, lip; mv, mid−ventral list; po, proximal orifice; v, virgella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13173834/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
represents a mature specimen built of relatively strong lists with the distinctive zigzag pattern of the ancora sleeve wall, and mid−ventral lists on the ventral side of rhabdosome, as well as paired reticulofusellar spines. This specimen, shown in reverse view, possesses a large lateral orifices outlined by the ancora sleeve lists located close to lip of th
|
||
<superScript id="7C0B6A0BB437E54BFC28FC1DB3E8A9DD" attach="left" box="[929,948,987,1013]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">11</superScript>
|
||
and in region of the lip of the th
|
||
<superScript id="7C0B6A0BB437E54BFA9AFC1DB57AA9DD" attach="none" box="[1299,1318,987,1013]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">12</superScript>
|
||
. The specimen UIGGM SB RAS 251/42−2/2 from type collection (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFAECFC3DB3ABAE04" author="Obut, A. M. & Zaslavskaya, N. & Zaslavskaa, N." pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="103 - 113" refId="ref7681" refString="Obut, A. M. and Zaslavskaya, N. [Zaslavskaa, N.] 1983. Families of retiolitids and their phylogenetic relationships [in Russian]. In: A. S. Dagys and V. N. Dubatolov (eds.), Morfologia i sistematika bespozvonocnyh fanerozoa, 103 - 113. Izdatelstvo Nauka, Moskva." type="book chapter" year="1983">Obut and Zaslavskaya 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 24: 3) represents early stage of growth with first theca developed. It is similar to the specimen representing early growth stage of the species from the author’s collection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54BFCDBFB5FB516ADA6" blockId="3.[812,1486,701,1943]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
|
||
Specimens from Arctic
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B437E54BFBDFFB5FB4F6AE86" box="[1110,1194,1183,1207]" name="Canada" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFAA6FB5FB5F0AE86" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" box="[1327,1452,1183,1207]" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFAA6FB5FB5F0AE86" box="[1327,1452,1183,1207]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">A. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFCA5FB7FB3E1AEE6" author="Lenz, A. C." box="[812,957,1215,1239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="851 - 860" refId="ref7420" refString="Lenz, A. C. 1994 a. Uppermost Wenlock and lower Ludlow plectograptine graptolites, Arctic Islands, Canada: new isolated material. Journal of Paleontology 68: 851 - 860." type="journal article" year="1994">Lenz (1994a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b) have a unique preservation or different development of the thecal and ancora sleeve membranes. These specimens, although similar in size to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFB66FB3FB531AF26" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" box="[1263,1389,1279,1303]" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFB66FB3FB531AF26" box="[1263,1389,1279,1303]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFC14FADFB46EAF07" authorityName="Boucek and Munch" authorityYear="1952" box="[925,1074,1311,1334]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Spinograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFC14FADFB46EAF07" box="[925,1074,1311,1334]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Spinograptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of possession of an appendix, proximal lateral orifices of similar position and size (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFCA5FA9FB42CAF46" author="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A." box="[812,1136,1375,1399]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="391 - 412" refId="ref7186" refString="Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A. 1997. Retiolitid graptolite Spinograptus from Poland and its membrane structures. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 42: 391 - 412." type="journal article" year="1997">Kozłowska−Dawidziuk 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4) to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFB57FA9FB52FAF47" authorityName="Boucek and Munch" authorityYear="1952" box="[1246,1395,1375,1398]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Spinograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFB57FA9FB52FAF47" box="[1246,1395,1375,1398]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Spinograptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as paired reticulofusellar apertural processes. The prime first zigzag list of the sleeve above the ancora umbrella is connected to the ancora umbrella lists (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFB44FA7FB505AFE6" author="Lenz, A. C." box="[1229,1369,1471,1495]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="851 - 860" refId="ref7420" refString="Lenz, A. C. 1994 a. Uppermost Wenlock and lower Ludlow plectograptine graptolites, Arctic Islands, Canada: new isolated material. Journal of Paleontology 68: 851 - 860." type="journal article" year="1994">Lenz 1994a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 2: 1; fig. 3: 3). The lateral proximal orifices in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C579E1B437E54BFAB9FA1FB5CEAFC6" box="[1328,1426,1503,1527]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFA30FA1FB3CEAC26" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFA30FA1FB3D2AC26" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">P. robustus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFC5AFA3FB43BAC26" baseAuthorityName="Tornquist" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[979,1127,1535,1559]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="macilentus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFC5AFA3FB43BAC26" box="[979,1127,1535,1559]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">P. macilentus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1345DBC6B437E54BFBFFFA3FB4E6AC26" box="[1142,1210,1535,1559]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,135,1146,1165]" captionTargetBox="[106,769,226,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-629@3.[106,772,226,1121]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. A, B. Plectograptus macilentus (Törnquist, 1887), ZPAL G. 27/1; Baltic erratic boulder 46 Jarosławiec (photo D. Bates). A. Reverse view of proximal fragment of immature rhabdosome. B. Inside view showing shape of ancora umbrella and shape of rhabdosome in cross section. C, D. Plectograptus robustus (Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983). C. ZPAL G.27/2, EEP, Bartoszyce borehole, depth 1627.0 m, obverse view of immature rhabdosome. D. UIGGM SB RAS 251/42−4/1, holotype, Kaliningrad District, North Kaliningrad borehole, depth 2094.0–2105.5 m (courtesy of N. Sennikov). Scale bars 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: a, aperture; ap, apertural process; au, ancora umbrella; l, lip; mv, mid−ventral list; po, proximal orifice; v, virgella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13173834/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), are larger than those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFCA5F9DFB3F0AC06" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" box="[812,940,1567,1591]" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFCA5F9DFB3F0AC06" box="[812,940,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">A. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Arctic, and the prime first zigzag lists are connected to ventral lists on the levels of the first theca apertures. The features described above, as well as occurrence in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFC31F9BFB577ACA6" authority="Biozone" authorityName="Biozone" box="[952,1323,1663,1687]" class="Graptolithina" genus="Colonograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="ludensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFC31F9BFB49FACA6" box="[952,1219,1663,1687]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Colonograptus ludensis</emphasis>
|
||
Biozone
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, show that the Arctic forms belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFBBBF95FB49BAC87" authorityName="Boucek and Munch" authorityYear="1952" box="[1074,1223,1695,1718]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Spinograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFBBBF95FB49BAC87" box="[1074,1223,1695,1718]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Spinograptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and assigned to a new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFC06F97FB334ACC6" authority="Lenz and Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, 2002" authorityName="Lenz and Kozlowska-Dawidziuk" authorityYear="2002" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Spinograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="praerobustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFC06F97FB41EACE6" box="[911,1090,1727,1751]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">S. praerobustus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFBC4F97FB334ACC6" author="Lenz, A. C. & Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A." pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="321 - 346" refId="ref7570" refString="Lenz, A. C. and Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A. 2002. Upper Homerian (Upper Wenlock, Silurian) graptolites from Arctic Canada. Journal of Paleontology 76: 321 - 346." type="journal article" year="2002">Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B437E54BFBBDF91FB4C7ACC6" box="[1076,1179,1759,1783]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFAA0F91FB5F4ACC6" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" box="[1321,1448,1759,1783]" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFAA0F91FB5F4ACC6" box="[1321,1448,1759,1783]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">A. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFCA5F93FB454AD26" author="Rickards, R. B. & Packham, G. H. & Wright, A. J. & Williamson, P. L." box="[812,1032,1791,1815]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="1 - 68" refId="ref7801" refString="Rickards, R. B., Packham, G. H., Wright, A. J., and Williamson, P. L. 1995. Wenlock and Ludlow graptolite faunas and biostratigraphy of the Quarry Creek District, New South Wales. Association of Australasian Palaeontologists Memoir 17: 1 - 68." type="journal article" year="1995">Rickards et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
show similar features as specimens from the Arctic
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B437E54BFC22F8DFB3A3AD06" box="[939,1023,1823,1847]" name="Canada" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFB9BF8DFB4C2AD06" author="Lenz, A. C." box="[1042,1182,1823,1847]" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="851 - 860" refId="ref7420" refString="Lenz, A. C. 1994 a. Uppermost Wenlock and lower Ludlow plectograptine graptolites, Arctic Islands, Canada: new isolated material. Journal of Paleontology 68: 851 - 860." type="journal article" year="1994">Lenz 1994a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B437E54BFB46F8DFB3B0AD66" author="Lenz, A. C. & Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A." pageId="3" pageNumber="462" pagination="321 - 346" refId="ref7570" refString="Lenz, A. C. and Kozlowska-Dawidziuk, A. 2002. Upper Homerian (Upper Wenlock, Silurian) graptolites from Arctic Canada. Journal of Paleontology 76: 321 - 346." type="journal article" year="2002">Lenz and Kozłowska−Dawidziuk 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), as well as developed reticulum which is absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B437E54BFC13F89FB449AD46" authorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" authorityYear="1983" box="[922,1045,1887,1911]" genus="Agastograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFC13F89FB449AD46" box="[922,1045,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Australian specimens do not have the specific membrane present in the Arctic species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B437E54CFCA5F86AB2A6ACF2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="463" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B437E54CFCA5F86AB2A6ACF2" blockId="3.[812,1485,1962,2019]" lastBlockId="4.[102,774,1676,1732]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="463" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B437E54BFCA5F86AB3D2ADF3" box="[812,910,1962,1986]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Material</emphasis>
|
||
.—
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D780CCAB437E54BFC26F86AB40AADF3" box="[943,1110,1962,1986]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="462" type="immature">One immature</specimenCount>
|
||
specimen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1345DBC6B437E54BFB54F86AB56BADF3" box="[1245,1335,1962,1986]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[102,135,1146,1165]" captionTargetBox="[106,769,226,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-629@3.[106,772,226,1121]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. A, B. Plectograptus macilentus (Törnquist, 1887), ZPAL G. 27/1; Baltic erratic boulder 46 Jarosławiec (photo D. Bates). A. Reverse view of proximal fragment of immature rhabdosome. B. Inside view showing shape of ancora umbrella and shape of rhabdosome in cross section. C, D. Plectograptus robustus (Obut and Zaslavskaya, 1983). C. ZPAL G.27/2, EEP, Bartoszyce borehole, depth 1627.0 m, obverse view of immature rhabdosome. D. UIGGM SB RAS 251/42−4/1, holotype, Kaliningrad District, North Kaliningrad borehole, depth 2094.0–2105.5 m (courtesy of N. Sennikov). Scale bars 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: a, aperture; ap, apertural process; au, ancora umbrella; l, lip; mv, mid−ventral list; po, proximal orifice; v, virgella." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13173834/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="462">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and several fragments from depth 1627.0 m, Bartoszyce borehole, Poland; co−occur with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B430E54CFEC0F94CB215AC92" box="[329,585,1676,1700]" class="Graptolithina" genus="Colonograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="jaegeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFEC0F94CB215AC92" box="[329,585,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Colonograptus jaegeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B430E54CFDD1F94CB35CAC95" box="[600,768,1676,1700]" class="Graptolithina" genus="Colonograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="praedeubeli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFDD1F94CB35CAC95" box="[600,768,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">C. praedeubeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B430E54CFFEFF96CB0B4ACF5" box="[102,232,1708,1732]" class="Graptolithina" genus="Colonograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="gerhardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFFEFF96CB0B4ACF5" box="[102,232,1708,1732]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">C. gerhardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B430E54CFE8AF96CB1AAACF5" box="[259,502,1708,1732]" class="Graptolithina" family="Rhabdinoporidae" genus="Pristiograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="dubius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFE8AF96CB1AAACF5" box="[259,502,1708,1732]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Pristiograptus dubius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B430E54CFD8DF96CB2AEACF5" baseAuthorityName="Eisenack" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[516,754,1708,1732]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Spinograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="munchi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFD8DF96CB2AEACF5" box="[516,754,1708,1732]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Spinograptus munchi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF0197CBB430E54CFFEFFAA2B3F9AC0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13173838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13173838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13173838/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" startId="4.[102,135,1378,1397]" targetBox="[103,1484,226,1357]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B430E54CFFEFFAA2B3F9AC0B" blockId="4.[102,1486,1378,1594]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
|
||
Fig. 3.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFF2FFAA2B0EAAF44" bold="true" box="[166,182,1378,1397]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFF4BFAA3B088AF47" bold="true" box="[194,212,1379,1398]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B430E54CFF56FAA3B21EAF44" authority="(Eisenack, 1951)" baseAuthorityName="Eisenack" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[223,578,1378,1398]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Spinograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="munchi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFF56FAA3B1FDAF44" box="[223,417,1378,1398]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Spinograptus munchi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B430E54CFE24FAA2B267AF44" author="Eisenack, A." box="[429,571,1378,1397]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" pagination="129 - 163" refId="ref6884" refString="Eisenack, A. 1951. Retioliten aus dem Graptolithengestein. Palaeontographica 100: 129 - 163." type="journal article" year="1951">Eisenack, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFDC5FAA2B200AF44" bold="true" box="[588,604,1378,1397]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">A</emphasis>
|
||
. ZPAL G. 27/3, EEP, Bartoszyce borehole, depth 1626.6 m, reverse view of mature rhabdosome.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFFEFFABFB024AFA3" bold="true" box="[102,120,1407,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">H</emphasis>
|
||
. ZPAL G. 27/7, EEP Mielnik borehole, depth 1044.0 m, enlargement of paired apertural processes of distal theca.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFB1AFABFB4FEAFA3" bold="true" box="[1171,1186,1407,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFB27FABFB4E1AFA3" bold="true" box="[1198,1213,1407,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">E</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFB43FABFB489AFA3" bold="true" box="[1226,1237,1407,1426]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B430E54CFB68FABEB15DAF9C" authority="(Eisenack, 1951)" baseAuthorityName="Eisenack" baseAuthorityYear="1951" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Neogothograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="balticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFB68FABEB591AFA0" box="[1249,1485,1406,1425]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Neogothograptus balticus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B430E54CFFE5FA5AB0A6AF9C" author="Eisenack, A." box="[108,250,1434,1453]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" pagination="129 - 163" refId="ref6884" refString="Eisenack, A. 1951. Retioliten aus dem Graptolithengestein. Palaeontographica 100: 129 - 163." type="journal article" year="1951">Eisenack, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Baltic erratic boulder 46 from Jarosławiec.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFD1CFA5BB2F8AF9F" bold="true" box="[661,676,1435,1454]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFD39FA5BB2E3AF9F" bold="true" box="[688,703,1435,1454]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">E</emphasis>
|
||
. ZPAL G. 27/4 mature rhabdosome with appendix (photo D. Bates).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFABAFA5BB51EAF9F" bold="true" box="[1331,1346,1435,1454]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Reverse view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFFEFFA77B029AFFB" bold="true" box="[102,117,1463,1482]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral view of thecae
|
||
<superScript id="7C0B6A0BB430E54CFEC5FA77B13CAFF1" attach="left" box="[332,352,1458,1482]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">12</superScript>
|
||
side.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFE1DFA77B1C3AFFB" bold="true" box="[404,415,1463,1482]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">F</emphasis>
|
||
. ZPAL G. 27/5 enlargement of single reticular apertural process.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFC6EFA76B3ABAFF8" bold="true" box="[999,1015,1462,1481]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFB88FA76B44FAFF8" bold="true" box="[1025,1043,1462,1481]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B430E54CFB97FA77B595AFF8" authority="(Eisenack, 1951)" baseAuthorityName="Eisenack" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[1054,1481,1462,1482]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Spinograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="clathrospinosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFB97FA77B576AFF8" box="[1054,1322,1462,1482]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Spinograptus clathrospinosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B430E54CFABCFA76B59EAFF8" author="Eisenack, A." box="[1333,1474,1462,1481]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" pagination="129 - 163" refId="ref6884" refString="Eisenack, A. 1951. Retioliten aus dem Graptolithengestein. Palaeontographica 100: 129 - 163." type="journal article" year="1951">Eisenack, 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFFEFFA12B02AAFD4" bold="true" box="[102,118,1490,1509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">C</emphasis>
|
||
. GSC120736, Arctic Canada, Cornwallis Island, AB−97 25 m, stereopair of immature rhabdosome, reverse view (modified after Lenz and KozłowskaDawidziuk 2002: fig. 13: 6).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFEE5FA2EB122AC30" bold="true" box="[364,382,1518,1537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">G</emphasis>
|
||
. ZPAL G. 27/6, EEP, Bartoszyce borehole, depth 1631.2 m, paired apertural processes of medial theca.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFAAFFA2FB56AAC33" bold="true" box="[1318,1334,1519,1538]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B430E54CFAC8FA2FB1E0AC2C" authority="(Berry and Murphy, 1975)" baseAuthorityName="Berry and Murphy" baseAuthorityYear="1975" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Cometograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFAC8FA2FB095AC2C" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Cometograptus nevadensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B430E54CFF5DF9CBB1E9AC2C" author="Berry, W. B. N. & Murphy, M. A." box="[212,437,1546,1566]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref6846" refString="Berry, W. B. N. and Murphy, M. A. 1975. Silurian and Devonian graptolites of Central Nevada. University of California Publication in Geological Sciences 110: 1 - 104." type="journal article" year="1975">Berry and Murphy, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, GSC 99161, Arctic Canada, Cornwallis Island, SBC10E (modified after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFBAB2B430E54CFBC6F9CBB4EEAC2F" author="Lenz, A. C." box="[1103,1202,1547,1566]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref7382" refString="Lenz, A. C. 1993. Late Wenlock and Ludlow (Silurian) Plectograptinae (retiolitid graptolites), Cape Phillips Formation, Arctic Canada. Bulletins of American Paleontology 104: 1 - 52." type="journal article" year="1993">Lenz 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 19: 1), ventro−latral view of rhabdosome. Scale bars 1 mm except for
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFE55F9E7B1B0AC0B" bold="true" box="[476,492,1575,1594]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">D</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFE71F9E7B27FAC0B" bold="true" box="[504,547,1575,1594]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">F–H</emphasis>
|
||
which is 0.5 mm. Abbreviations as Fig. 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36494C8B430E54CFFEFF917B1DCAD1E" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1C743B430E54CFFEFF917B1DCAD1E" blockId="4.[102,775,1751,1839]" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFFEFF917B0B5ACDF" box="[102,233,1751,1774]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
.—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B430E54CFE85F917B251ACDE" baseAuthorityName="Obut and Zaslavskaya" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[268,525,1751,1775]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Retiolitidae" genus="Plectograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Graptoloidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFE85F917B251ACDE" box="[268,525,1751,1775]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Plectograptus robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EBCC0B430E54CFDF7F917B123AD3E" authority="Biozone" authorityName="Biozone (Kozlowska-Dawidziuk" authorityYear="1995" family="Rhabdinoporidae" genus="Neodiversograptus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="463" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="species" species="nilssoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A1B51B430E54CFDF7F917B146AD3E" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Neodiversograptus nilssoni</emphasis>
|
||
Biozone
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of North
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BA09A1B430E54CFE79F937B225AD3E" box="[496,633,1783,1807]" country="Russia" name="Kaliningrad" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Kaliningrad</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B430E54CFD0DF937B28DAD3E" box="[644,721,1783,1807]" name="Russia" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and late Homerian of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36987D3B430E54CFEA3F8D7B127AD1E" box="[298,379,1815,1839]" name="Poland" pageId="4" pageNumber="463">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |