266 lines
33 KiB
XML
266 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="94C4E320E4E32193BB4AFD93886540D7">
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<mods:title id="3537FCB000BA2B5DFFCC3871B88CA3BB"><strong> The Eurasian species of <em> Xyela </ em> (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae): taxonomy, host plants and distribution </ strong></mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3625F4C319B0194F185ACF199736E229" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F838A247A0F440635DF69F749C396FF1">Blank, Stephan M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="68EF7582EA188DAEB8F0FFA2120F58A5" type="email">stephan.blank@senckenberg.de.</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6EDEA22FEA4075EE55148D098DD2452D">Shinohara, Akihiko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="87C8549A3F144CD08E10D62B51733DF2" type="email">shinohar@kahaku.go.jp.</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="1EFDDAF6225BED9AD033CF0047D063AF">Altenhofer, Ewald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B588506F801C761D860324490925989A" type="email">stephan.blank@senckenberg.de.</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="72A5DBB109E1B6F78271DEA2B00A39AB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="51D85AB655E7F396A2E18C20A8993006">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="909784A0474A81D17F4E3589F4C40262">2013-03-18</mods:number>
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<treatment id="726550414118E91D6BCDD721FEDA2302" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261656" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194443958" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5261656" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0A17D7EB-1DC2-49D7-8379-1521D26FEBC7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/726550414118E91D6BCDD721FEDA2302" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4118E91C6BCDD721FD7B2305" box="[151,684,329,355]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574118E91C6BCDD721FD7B2305" blockId="48.[151,684,329,355]" box="[151,684,329,355]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="A13B563B4118E91C6BCDD721FD7B2305" bold="true" box="[151,684,329,355]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6BCDD721FD7B2305" bold="true" box="[151,684,329,355]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44118E91C6BCDD721FD962305" authority="Blank & Shinohara" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,577,329,355]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6BCDD721FE932305" bold="true" box="[151,324,329,355]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Xyela pumilae</emphasis>
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Blank & Shinohara
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="D38B803E4118E91C6914D721FD7B2305" box="[590,684,329,355]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4118E91C6BCDD7E3FD3223C6" box="[151,741,394,416]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574118E91C6BCDD7E3FD3223C6" blockId="48.[151,741,394,416]" box="[151,741,394,416]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<typeStatus id="25775FF54118E91C6BCDD7E3FF1E23C6" box="[151,201,395,416]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74118E91C6A73D7E3FEB223C6" box="[297,357,395,416]" name="Japan" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Japan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="38082FB54118E91C6A35D7E2FE0223C6" box="[367,469,394,416]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="1A177B2D4118E91C6A85D7E2FD8723C6" box="[479,592,394,416]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Kamikawa</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="FF13B78C4118E91C6900D7E3FD3623C6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:726550414118E91D6BCDD721FEDA2302:FF13B78C4118E91C6900D7E3FD3623C6" box="[602,737,394,416]" country="Japan" municipality="Kamikawa" name="Mt. Piyashiri" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" stateProvince="Hokkaido">Mt. Piyashiri</location>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4118E91C6BCDD7A5FCA924B7" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574118E91C6BCDD7A5FE292087" blockId="48.[151,1436,461,2036]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6BCDD7A5FEF62380" bold="true" box="[151,289,461,486]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Description</emphasis>
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. Female. Color. Head yellow with black pattern (brown is absent): two black stripes along supraantennal furrows meeting black ocellar and postocellar area and black longitudinal spot in middle of frons always present; kidney-shaped spot on vertex anteriorly confluent with black postocellar area (
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<figureCitation id="62F7FDD24118E91C6F9DD47DFACA204B" box="[1223,1309,533,557]" captionStart="FIGURES 66–85" captionStartId="71.[151,264,1488,1511]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-33@71.[151,1436,193,1467]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURES 66–85. Color pattern of head of Xyela species: X. julii group (part). Legend: HT—holotype; PT—paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261374/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
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). Antennae brown. Mesoscutum black with yellow pattern on medial half of lateral lobes, mesoscutellum with large yellow spot. Abdominal terga dark brown to black, lateral parts of preapical terga, partly distal sternum, valvifer 2 and valvula 3 brown, membranous base of valvula 3 whitish (
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<figureCitation id="62F7FDD24118E91C6877D4E9FC4720FF" box="[813,912,641,665]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–120" captionStartId="74.[151,263,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-34@74.[151,1436,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 105–120. Ovipositor sheaths of Xyela species. All figures at same scale. Legend: HT—holotype; NT—neotype; PT—paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261380/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
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). Legs mainly pale brown, femora sometimes with brown longitudinal stripes, posterior coxae mainly dark brown to black. Wing membrane, venation and pterostigma brownish infuscate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574118E91C6B9DD485FE7226D3" blockId="48.[151,1436,461,2036]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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Morphology. Fore wing
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||
<quantity id="3D344CB24118E91C6ABBD485FDBE2163" box="[481,617,749,773]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="4.1" valueMax="4.3" valueMin="3.9">3.9–4.3 mm</quantity>
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long, 2.15 times longer than ovipositor sheath, vein 1m-cu absent and Rs+M 175–275 µm long, 2r-m meeting Rs proximal to furcation of Rs1 and Rs2. Synantennomere 3 590–610 µm long, antennomere 4
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<quantity id="3D344CB24118E91C6AD1D55DFDF6212B" box="[395,545,821,845]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="155.0" valueMax="160.0" valueMin="150.0">150–160 mm</quantity>
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long and 4.5–5.0 times longer than wide distally. Article 3 of maxillary palp 450–500 µm long, 1.50–1.65 times longer than scape and distinctly wider than synantennomere 3. OOL: POL = 1.40–1.60: 1. Ovipositor sheath 1.80–2.00 mm long, valvula 3 1.65–1.85 times longer than valvifer 2 and 6.0–6.5 times longer than wide (
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<figureCitation id="62F7FDD24118E91C6AFFD5C9FDD121DF" box="[421,518,929,953]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–120" captionStartId="74.[151,263,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-34@74.[151,1436,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 105–120. Ovipositor sheaths of Xyela species. All figures at same scale. Legend: HT—holotype; NT—neotype; PT—paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261380/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
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). Valvula 3 of ovipositor sheath compressed, basally with pale membranous about as long as width of valvula, dorsal outline preapically sloping downwards to round apex, distally with sensilla field exposed and directed caudally, bearing 4 setae. Ovipositor almost straight and compressed. Valvula 1 with aulax terminating distally, ventral edge sloping up to tip, with ca 14 oblique closely spaced annuli in distal quarter, without serrulae, olistether with 4 setae. Left and right valvulae 2 fused along dorsal edge in basal half. Valvula 2 with smooth dorsal margin, tapering in distal half, pale and evenly sclerotized, in distal 0.4 with single scattered sensilla campaniformia, in distal 0.05 with 4 indistinct oblique annuli. Posterior tibia
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<quantity id="3D344CB24118E91C6F0BD211FB2326F7" box="[1105,1268,1145,1169]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="0.8999999999999999" valueMax="0.95" valueMin="0.85">0.85–0.95 mm</quantity>
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long, all claws without subapical tooth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574118E91C6B9CD2A9FD2B269B" blockId="48.[151,1436,461,2036]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Male. Color. Similar to female (see Fig. for color pattern of head). Supraantennal furrows with small black stripes, kidney-shaped spots free. Hypopygium brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA73E1574118E91C6B9DD361FCA924B7" blockId="48.[151,1436,461,2036]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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Morphology. Fore wing ca
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||
<quantity id="3D344CB24118E91C6AA7D361FD832747" box="[509,596,1289,1313]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
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long, Rs+M 200–230 µm long, 2r-m meeting Rs proximal to furcation of Rs1 and Rs2. Synantennomere 3 ca 710 µm long, antennomere 4 ca 170 µm long and ca 5.0 times longer than wide distally. Article 3 of maxillary palp ca 430 µm long, ca 1.40 times longer than scape and wider than synantennomere 3. OOL: POL = ca 1.40: 1. Longitudinal apodeme of basiparamere curved, basal portion in lateral position, harpe about as long as wide in lateral view. Lower ergot on valvular very small and in lateral position (seemingly absent). Valviceps ca 1.55–1.60 times longer than wide on medial lobe, oblique lateral lamella distinct, upper edge of proximal lobe of valviceps almost parallel to longitudinal axis of valviceps, 0.24–0.25 times as long as valviceps and 0.70–0.75 times as high as medial lobe, excision on lower edge ca 0.23 as deep as width of medial lobe, valviceps on medial lobe 1.15–1.20 times wider than on distal lobe, 2 distal flagella present, tip of longer flagellum reaching 0.55–0.65 width of distal lobe (
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<figureCitation id="62F7FDD24118E91C686BD025FC412403" box="[817,918,1613,1637]" captionStart="FIGURES 146–156" captionStartId="78.[151,263,1865,1888]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-75@78.[151,1436,193,1844]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURES 146–156. Penis valves of Xyela species (X. julii group, part), and male external copulatory apparatus of Xyela in ventral and lateral view. 153–154, X. longula (penis valves removed). 155–156, X. curva (penis valves and volsellae removed). Legend: bpa—basiparamere, br—basal ring, gon—gonomacula, har—harpe, lap—lateral apodeme, vol—volsella. Figs 147, 150 and 152 reproduced from Blank et al. (2005)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261390/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 148</figureCitation>
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). Valviceps with distinct median longitudinal sclerotization present, upper edge of medial lobe round and strikingly protruding, with 8–10 cone-like sensilla along upper edge and scattered on lateral surface, upper edge between medial and distal lobe with few short setae. Posterior tibia ca
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||
<quantity id="3D344CB24118E91C6A06D0D1FE6824B7" box="[348,447,1721,1745]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="0.95">0.95 mm</quantity>
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long, all claws without subapical tooth.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4118E91C6B9DD0B6FACA257F" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574118E91C6B9DD0B6FACA257F" blockId="48.[151,1436,461,2036]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6B9DD0B6FEA72490" bold="true" box="[199,368,1757,1782]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Type material</emphasis>
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||
:
|
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<materialsCitation id="4AA4EB0A4118E91C6ADBD0B5FC7B257F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746410329" collectingDate="1990-06-23" collectionCode="NSMT" collectorName="A. Shinohara" determinerName="S. M. Blank" location="Kamikawa" municipality="Mt. Piyashiri" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Hokkaido" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="25775FF54118E91C6ADBD0B5FE3E2493" box="[385,489,1757,1781]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE4118E91C6AA9D0B6FDDF2493" box="[499,520,1758,1781]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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||
: “
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<collectingMunicipality id="1A177B2D4118E91C697ED0B5FD6A2493" box="[548,701,1757,1781]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Mt. Piyashiri</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
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<location id="FF13B78C4118E91C6991D0B5FC902493" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:726550414118E91D6BCDD721FEDA2302:FF13B78C4118E91C6991D0B5FC902493" box="[715,839,1757,1781]" municipality="Mt. Piyashiri" name="Kamikawa" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" stateProvince="Hokkaido">Kamikawa</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="38082FB54118E91C680FD0B5FC112493" box="[853,966,1757,1781]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
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||
<date id="8E72C7974118E91C688ED0B5FB812493" box="[980,1110,1757,1781]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1990-06-23">
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||
<collectingDate id="9E363E7F4118E91C688ED0B5FB812493" box="[980,1110,1757,1781]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1990-06-23">23.VI.1990</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, [leg.]
|
||
<collectorName id="573984814118E91C6FF0D0B5FA912493" box="[1194,1350,1757,1781]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">A. Shinohara</collectorName>
|
||
”; [red:] “
|
||
<typeStatus id="25775FF54118E91C6BFBD169FEDB257F" box="[161,268,1793,1817]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE4118E91C6A49D16AFEFF257F" box="[275,296,1794,1817]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44118E91C6A74D169FE18257F" authority="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer, 2013" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[302,463,1793,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6A74D169FE18257F" box="[302,463,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Xyela pumilae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D38B803E4118E91C6A8CD16AFD91257F" box="[470,582,1794,1817]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
det.
|
||
<determinerName id="0FAF0D934118E91C6926D169FCD3257F" box="[636,772,1793,1817]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">S. M. Blank</determinerName>
|
||
2000”.
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD79924118E91C6807D169FC7B257F" box="[861,940,1793,1817]" collectionName="Japan, Tokyo, National Science Museum (Natural History)" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">NSMT</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4AA4EB0A4118E91C68EDD16AFACE257F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746410318" box="[951,1305,1793,1818]" collectionCode="DEI, NSMT" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hokkaido" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="25775FF54118E91C68EDD16AFBFF257C" box="[951,1064,1794,1818]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE4118E91C6F68D169FB81257F" box="[1074,1110,1793,1817]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE4118E91C6F06D169FB57257F" box="[1116,1152,1793,1817]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD79924118E91C6FD4D16AFB17257F" box="[1166,1216,1794,1817]" collectionName="Germany, Muencheberg, Deutsches Entomologisches Institut im ZALF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" name="Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">DEI</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD79924118E91C6F90D169FACE257F" box="[1226,1305,1793,1817]" collectionName="Japan, Tokyo, National Science Museum (Natural History)" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">NSMT</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4118E91C6B9DD14EFB39255B" box="[199,1262,1829,1854]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574118E91C6B9DD14EFB39255B" blockId="48.[151,1436,461,2036]" box="[199,1262,1829,1854]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6B9DD14EFE912558" bold="true" box="[199,326,1830,1854]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The species is named according to the strongly supposed host plant,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44118E91C6F09D14EFB30255B" box="[1107,1255,1829,1853]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6F09D14EFB30255B" box="[1107,1255,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pinus pumila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4118E91C6B9DD124FC8A25EE" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574118E91C6B9DD124FD972502" blockId="48.[151,1436,461,2036]" box="[199,576,1868,1892]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6B9DD124FE932502" bold="true" box="[199,324,1868,1892]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="38082FB54118E91C6B9DD124FF282502" box="[199,255,1868,1892]" country="Afghanistan" name="Khost" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Host</collectingRegion>
|
||
plant
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<superScript id="0DB94C1F4118E91C6A08D124FE8C2532" attach="right" box="[338,347,1868,1876]" fontSize="6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ο</superScript>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44118E91C6A01D125FD972502" authority="Regel." box="[347,576,1868,1892]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6A01D125FE272502" box="[347,496,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Pinus pumila</emphasis>
|
||
Regel.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574118E91C6B9DD107FC8A25EE" blockId="48.[151,1436,461,2036]" box="[199,861,1903,1928]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6B9DD107FE3025EE" bold="true" box="[199,487,1903,1928]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Geographic distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74118E91C6AAFD119FDE225EE" box="[501,565,1905,1928]" name="Japan" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="38082FB54118E91C691ED118FD6F25EE" box="[580,696,1904,1928]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
|
||
), map (
|
||
<figureCitation id="62F7FDD24118E91C6851D118FC9825EE" box="[779,847,1904,1928]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,938,961]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,190,902]" captionTargetId="figure-469@20.[151,1436,189,916]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Records of the East Asian Xyela species supposedly feeding on Pinus (Strobus) species: X. kamtshatica (21 specimens from 4 collection sites), X. pumilae (4 specimens from 2 collection sites) and X. sibiricae (8 specimens from 2 collection sites). Additional record of X. kamtshatica by Takeuchi (1938) included for Hokkaido. The rhomb-shaped symbol represents records of X. koraiensis, X. rasnitsyni and X. ussuriensis supposedly feeding on Pinus koraiensis (illustrated separately in Figs 10, 22). Legend for natural distribution of Pinus species: P. koraiensis (solid line, according to Mirov 1967), P. pumila (dotted line) and P.sibirica (dashed line, both combined from Sokolov et al. 1977 and Kremenetski et al. 1998)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261340/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC4118E91D6B9DD1FCFEDA2302" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574118E91C6B9DD1FCFC3A2592" blockId="48.[151,1436,461,2036]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6B9DD1FCFEE325CA" bold="true" box="[199,308,1940,1964]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. This is the only Japanese
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44118E91C6928D1FCFD6525CA" authorityName="Henschii Mocsary" authorityYear="1912" box="[626,690,1940,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6928D1FCFD6525CA" box="[626,690,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Xyela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44118E91C6853D1FCFCE125CA" authorityName=": Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1965" box="[777,822,1940,1964]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="julii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6853D1FCFCE125CA" box="[777,822,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">julii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group with conspicuously brownish infuscate wings. Additionally, other Japanese species have the dark pattern of the frons either more or less brown (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44118E91C6FB2D1D1FAA425B6" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1910" box="[1256,1395,1977,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6FB2D1D1FAA425B6" box="[1256,1395,1977,2000]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">X. variegata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or the dark pattern is more extensive (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44118E91C6978D1B5FDA02592" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara" authorityYear="2005" box="[546,631,2013,2036]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tecta">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C6978D1B5FDA02592" box="[546,631,2013,2036]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">X. tecta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). See also remarks under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44118E91C68C0D1B5FC312592" authorityName=": Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1965" box="[922,998,2012,2036]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="julii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454118E91C68C0D1B5FC312592" box="[922,998,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">X. julii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574119E91D6B9DD6F0FEDA2302" blockId="49.[151,1436,151,356]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44119E91D6B9DD6F0FEB922D6" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[199,366,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilae">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454119E91D6B9DD6F0FEB922D6" box="[199,366,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Xyela pumilae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only representative of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44119E91D6856D6F1FC8922D6" authorityName=": Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1965" box="[780,862,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="julii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454119E91D6856D6F1FC8922D6" box="[780,862,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">X. julii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group for which a host association with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44119E91D6E06D6F0FA4B22C9" box="[1372,1436,152,175]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454119E91D6E06D6F0FA4B22C9" box="[1372,1436,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(‘
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454119E91D6BF3D6D4FF2A22B2" box="[169,253,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Strobus</emphasis>
|
||
’) can be demonstrated. On Mt. Piyashiri A. Shinohara swept the
|
||
<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE4119E91D68BDD6D4FBA722B2" box="[999,1136,188,212]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44119E91D6FEDD6D5FAF522B2" box="[1207,1314,188,212]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454119E91D6FEDD6D5FAF522B2" box="[1207,1314,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">P. pumila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As this is the only pine species at the collection site, this species is believed to be associated with it.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44119E91D6FC2D688FAF9229E" box="[1176,1326,224,248]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pumila">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454119E91D6FC2D688FAF9229E" box="[1176,1326,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pinus pumila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely distributed in northeastern Asia (Russian Far East,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74119E91D69AFD76CFC5D237D" box="[757,906,260,284]" name="North Korea" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Sakhalin, Kuril Islands,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74119E91D6FE3D76CFB2D237A" box="[1209,1274,260,284]" name="Japan" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
) with a large altitudinal amplitude (
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24119E91D6AD5D74FFDFE2359" box="[399,553,295,319]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="2000.0" valueMax="3700.0" valueMin="300.0">300–3,700 m</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64119E91D696FD74FFD132359" author="Kindel, K. - H." box="[565,708,295,319]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref68972" refString="Kindel, K. - H. (1995) Kiefern in Europa. Bildtafeln und Beschreibungen der in europaischen Waldern, Garten und Parks anzutreffenden einheimischen und fremdlandischen Arten. G. Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena and New York, 204 pp." type="book" year="1995">Kindel 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44119E91D685FD741FCA82326" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[773,895,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilae">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454119E91D685FD741FCA82326" box="[773,895,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">X. pumilae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has so far only be found on the Japanese island
|
||
<collectingRegion id="38082FB54119E91D6BCDD724FEDE2302" box="[151,265,332,356]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |