703 lines
93 KiB
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703 lines
93 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.18590/euscorpius.2016.vol2016.iss220.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="03196918-10d5-44d2-ab42-d38f88314c7b" ID-ISSN="1536-9307" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7124466" checkinTime="1638249082081" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Ranawana, Kithsiri B., Hoferek, David & Š, V. A." docDate="2016" docId="B07187DFA826FFA6FEECF95E9FB4FA5B" docLanguage="en" docName="Euscorpius.220.1-133.pdf" docOrigin="Euscorpius 220" docSource="https://doi.org/10.18590/euscorpius.2016.vol2016.iss220.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A.3:Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A" docStyleName="Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Lychas srilankensis Lourenco 1997" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="4C48FFA7A817FF90FFC0FFD79E62FFBD" masterDocTitle="Scorpions of Sri Lanka (Scorpiones Buthidae, Chaerilidae, Scorpionidae) with description of four new species of the genera Charmus Karsch, 1879 and Reddyanus Vachon, 1972, stat n" masterLastPageNumber="133" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1664453448004" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title>Scorpions of Sri Lanka (Scorpiones Buthidae, Chaerilidae, Scorpionidae) with description of four new species of the genera Charmus Karsch, 1879 and Reddyanus Vachon, 1972, stat n</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Kovařík, František</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Lowe, Graeme</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Ranawana, Kithsiri B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Hoferek, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Š, V. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Euscorpius</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2016-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number>220</mods:number>
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<paragraph blockId="49.[258,735,1673,1728]" box="[300,693,1673,1697]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName authority="Lourenco, 1997" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1997" box="[300,693,1673,1697]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srilankensis">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[300,518,1673,1697]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Lychas srilankensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Lourenco" box="[524,693,1674,1697]" firstAuthor="Lourenco" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" pagination="831 - 836" refId="ref42593" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 1997. A new species of Lychas Koch, 1845 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Sri Lanka. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 104 (4): 831 - 836." type="journal article" year="1997">Lourenço, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="49.[258,735,1673,1728]" box="[258,735,1705,1728]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[267,353,1705,1728]" captionStart="Figures 12–15" captionStartId="6.[192,278,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[191,1440,167,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-11@6.[192,1439,168,1855]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figures 12–15: Maps showing the known geographical distribution of the Sri Lankan species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124476/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[366,459,1705,1728]" captionStart-0="Figures 152–155" captionStart-1="Figures 156–157" captionStart-2="Figures 158–165" captionStart-3="Figures 166–171" captionStart-4="Figures 172–182" captionStart-5="Figures 183–186" captionStart-6="Figures 187–190" captionStart-7="Figures 191–192" captionStartId-0="40.[192,278,1853,1877]" captionStartId-1="41.[192,278,1397,1421]" captionStartId-2="42.[192,278,1837,1861]" captionStartId-3="43.[192,278,1441,1465]" captionStartId-4="44.[192,278,1085,1109]" captionStartId-5="45.[192,278,1659,1683]" captionStartId-6="46.[192,278,1844,1868]" captionStartId-7="47.[192,278,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox-0="[228,1433,214,1815]" captionTargetBox-1="[207,1427,192,1361]" captionTargetBox-2="[191,1440,191,1808]" captionTargetBox-3="[191,1407,180,1404]" captionTargetBox-4="[192,1435,194,1042]" captionTargetBox-5="[196,1422,175,1626]" captionTargetBox-6="[191,1440,167,1815]" captionTargetBox-7="[213,1417,167,1812]" captionTargetId-0="figure-11@40.[192,1439,209,1824]" captionTargetId-1="figure-6@41.[192,1439,185,1368]" captionTargetId-2="figure-11@42.[192,1439,192,1807]" captionTargetId-3="figure-6@43.[180,1427,168,1412]" captionTargetId-4="figure-11@44.[192,1439,191,1056]" captionTargetId-5="figure-6@45.[192,1439,168,1630]" captionTargetId-6="figure-27@46.[192,1439,168,1814]" captionTargetId-7="figure-26@47.[214,1416,168,1812]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionTargetPageId-2="42" captionTargetPageId-3="43" captionTargetPageId-4="44" captionTargetPageId-5="45" captionTargetPageId-6="46" captionTargetPageId-7="47" captionText-0="Figures 152–155: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 152–153. Male in dorsal (152) and ventral (153) views. Figures 154–155. Female in dorsal (154) and ventral (155) views." captionText-1="Figures 156–157: Lychas srilankensis, male from locality 15CO in dorsal (156) and ventral (157) views." captionText-2="Figures 158–165: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 158, 160, 162–165. Male, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (158), sternopectinal region and sternite III (160), and distal segments of legs I–IV (162–165), retroventral view. Figures 159, 161. Female, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (159) and sternopectinal region and sternite III (161)." captionText-3="Figures 166–171: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 166–168. Male, metasoma and telson, lateral (166), ventral (167), and dorsal (168) views. Figures 169–171. Female, metasoma and telson, lateral (169), ventral (170), and dorsal (171) views." captionText-4="Figures 172–182: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 174–180, 182. Male. Pedipalp chela, dorsal (174), external (175), and ventral (176) views. Pedipalp patella, dorsal (177) and external (178) views. Pedipalp femur and trochanter dorsal (179) view. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 175–179. Pedipalp movable finger (180). Complete pedipalp (182). Figures 172–173, 181. Female. Pedipalp chela, dorsal (172) and external (173) views. Complete pedipalp (181)." captionText-5="Figures 183–186: Right hemispermatophore of Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CN (presented as mirror image for comparison to other species). External (183), dorsal (184), internal (185) and ventral (186) views. Extracted after 3rd ecdysis. Hemispermatophores examined from a second male after 4th ecdysis were similar. Scale bar: 500 µm. Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; f, flagellum; ml, median lobe; mlc, median lobe carina; pr, pars recta of flagellum; prf, pars reflecta of flagellum; t, trunk." captionText-6="Figures 187–190: Lychas srilankensis. Figures 187. Male after 5th ecdysis at locality 15CJ. Figures 188. Female after 5th ecdysis at locality 15CO. Figures 189. Male after 3rd ecdysis at locality 15CN. Figures 190. Female after 5th ecdysis at locality 15CJ." captionText-7="Figures 191–192: Lychas srilankensis, female from locality 15CN with newborns before first ecdysis (191), and with juveniles after first ecdysis (192)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124578" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124580" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124582" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124586" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124590" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124594" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124596" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124604" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7124578/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7124580/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7124582/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7124586/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7124590/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7124594/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7124596/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/7124604/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">152–192</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[473,513,1705,1728]" captionStart="Figures 193–200" captionStartId="48.[192,278,1070,1094]" captionTargetBox="[213,1446,171,1037]" captionTargetId="figure-11@48.[205,1452,168,1041]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Figures 193–200: Distal segments of leg IV, retroventral view of Sri Lankan Buthidae and Chaerilidae genera. Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (193), Charmus laneus, male from locality 15CO (194), Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK (195), Isometrus maculatus, female from locality 15CI (196), Isometrus thwaitesi, female from locality 15CO (197), Lychas srilankensis, male from locality 15CJ (198), Reddyanus basilicus, male from locality 15CS (199), and Chaerilus ceylonensis, male from locality 15CD (200)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124608/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">198</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[526,568,1705,1728]" captionStart="Figures 241–259" captionStartId="52.[192,278,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[238,1387,153,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-11@52.[234,1392,152,1704]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Figures 241–259: Pedipalp chela dorsal (241), movable finger (242–250), and fixed finger (251–259) of Sri Lankan Isometrus, Lychas, and Reddyanus species. Figures 241–242, 252. Isometrus maculatus, female from locality 15CO (241) and male from locality 15CP (242, 252). Figures 243–244, 253. I. thwaitesi, male from locality 15CH (243) and female from locality 15CO (244, 253). Figures 245, 254. Reddyanus basilicus, male from locality 15CS. Figures 246, 255. R. besucheti, male from locality 15CD. Figures 247, 256. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype. Figures 248, 257. R. jayarathnei sp. n., male paratype. Figures 249, 258. R. loebli, male from locality 15CG. Figures 250, 259. R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype. Figure 251. Lychas srilankensis, male from locality 15CO." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124626" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124626/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">251</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[580,673,1705,1728]" captionStart="Figures 403–429" captionStartId="85.[192,278,744,768]" captionTargetId="figure-11@84.[172,1464,185,1878]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="Figures 403–429: Telson, lateral view of Sri Lankan Buthidae and Chaerilidae species. Figures 403–404. Isometrus maculatus, male from locality 15CP (403) and female from locality 15CI (404). Figures 405–406. I. thwaitesi, male from locality 15CH (405) and female from locality 15CO (406). Figures 407–408. Lychas srilankensis, male (407) and female (408) from locality 15CJ. Figures 409–410. Reddyanus basilicus, male (409) and female (410) from locality 15CR. Figures 411–412. R. besucheti, male holotype (411) and female from locality 15CG (412). Figures 413–414. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype (413) and female paratype (414) from locality 15CI. Figures 415–416. R. jayarathnei sp. n., male (415) and female (416) paratypes. Figures 417–418. R. loebli, male (417) and female (418) from locality 15CG. Figures 419–420. R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype (419) and female paratype (420). Figures 421–422: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (421) and female from locality 15CG (422). Figures 423–424. Charmus laneus, male (423) and female (424) from locality 15CO. Figures 425–426. Charmus saradieli sp. n. male paratype (425) (MHNG) and female holotype (426). Figurs 427. Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK (427). Figures 428–429. Chaerilus ceylonensis, male (428) and female (429) from locality 15CD." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124696/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">407–408</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[686,728,1705,1728]" captionStart="Figures 547–554" captionStartId="114.[192,278,810,834]" captionTargetBox="[191,1440,191,782]" captionTargetId="figure-538@114.[192,1440,192,781]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="Figures 547–554: The mitotic metaphases of buthid males from Sri Lanka. Buthoscorpio sarasinorum from locality 15CF (2n=14) (547), Charmus laneus from locality 15CO (2n=9) (548), Isometrus thwaitesi from locality 15CF (2n=8) (549), Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CN (2n=16) (550), Reddyanus basilicus from locality 15CS (2n=16) (551), Reddyanus basilicus from locality 15CR (2n=15) (552), Reddyanus ceylonensis from locality 15CI (2n=16) (553), Reddyanus loebli from locality 15CH (2n=17) (554). Arrowheads indicate extra large odd chromosomes. Scale bar = 5 µm for 547–554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124765/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">550</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="49.[192,803,1766,1881]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="49" pageNumber="48">
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<treatmentCitation author="LOURENCO" box="[192,686,1766,1789]" page="836" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" year="1997">
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<taxonomicName authority="Lourenco, 1997: 831 - 836" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityPageNumber="831 - 836" authorityYear="1997" box="[192,686,1766,1789]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srilankensis">
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<emphasis box="[192,402,1766,1789]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Lychas srilankensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Lourenco" box="[409,686,1766,1789]" firstAuthor="Lourenco" page="831 - 836" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" pagination="831 - 836" refId="ref42593" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 1997. A new species of Lychas Koch, 1845 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Sri Lanka. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 104 (4): 831 - 836." type="journal article" year="1997">Lourenço, 1997: 831–836</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs. 1–9;
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<treatmentCitation author="LOURENCO, W. R. & D. HUBER" box="[241,571,1797,1820]" page="26" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation author="Lourenco & Huber" box="[241,571,1797,1820]" firstAuthor="Lourenco" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg" page="26" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" pagination="23 - 27" part="13" refId="ref42954" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & D. HUBER. 1999. One more new species of Lychas Koch, 1845 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Sri Lanka. Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 13 (159): 23 - 27." title="One more new species of Lychas Koch, 1845 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Sri Lanka" type="journal article" year="1999">Lourenço & Huber, 1999: 26</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="FET, V. & W. D. SISSOM & G. LOWE & M. E. BRAUNWALDER" page="168" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation author="Fet & Lowe" bookContentInfo="689 pp." firstAuthor="Fet" journalOrPublisher="New York: The New York Entomological Society" page="168" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" refId="ref40873" refString="FET, V., W. D. SISSOM, G. LOWE & M. E. BRAUNWALDER. 2000. Catalog of the Scorpions of the World (1758 - 1998). New York: The New York Entomological Society, 689 pp." title="Catalog of the Scorpions of the World (1758 - 1998)" type="book" year="2000">Fet & Lowe, 2000: 168</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="KOVARIK, F & A. A. OJANGUREN AFFILASTRO" box="[300,677,1827,1850]" page="209" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" year="2013">
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<bibRefCitation author="Kovarik & Ojanguren" bookContentInfo="400 pp." box="[300,677,1827,1850]" firstAuthor="Kovarik" journalOrPublisher="Clairon Production, Prague" page="209" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" refId="ref42080" refString="KOVARIK, F & A. A. OJANGUREN AFFILASTRO. 2013. Illustrated catalog of scorpions Part II. Bothriuridae; Chaerilidae; Buthidae I., genera Compsobuthus, Hottentotta, Isometrus, Lychas, and Sassanidotus. Clairon Production, Prague, 400 pp." title="Illustrated catalog of scorpions Part II. Bothriuridae; Chaerilidae; Buthidae I., genera Compsobuthus, Hottentotta, Isometrus, Lychas, and Sassanidotus" type="book" year="2013">Kovařík & Ojanguren, 2013: 209</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 364, figs. 1462–1470.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="49.[830,1441,1183,1268]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="49" pageNumber="48">
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||
=
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<treatmentCitation author="LOURENCO, W. R. & D. HUBER" box="[855,1434,1183,1206]" page="26" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" year="1999">
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<taxonomicName authority="Lourenco & Huber, 1999: 23 - 26" authorityName="Lourenco & Huber" authorityPageNumber="23 - 26" authorityYear="1999" box="[855,1434,1183,1206]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonensis">
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<emphasis box="[855,1063,1183,1206]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Lychas ceylonensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Lourenco & Huber" box="[1072,1434,1183,1206]" firstAuthor="Lourenco" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg" page="23 - 26" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" pagination="23 - 27" part="13" refId="ref42954" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & D. HUBER. 1999. One more new species of Lychas Koch, 1845 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Sri Lanka. Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 13 (159): 23 - 27." title="One more new species of Lychas Koch, 1845 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Sri Lanka" type="journal article" year="1999">Lourenço & Huber, 1999: 23–26</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs. 1–7 (syn. by
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="KOVARIK, F & A. A. OJANGUREN AFFILASTRO" page="209" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" year="2013">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kovarik & Ojanguren" bookContentInfo="400 pp." firstAuthor="Kovarik" journalOrPublisher="Clairon Production, Prague" page="209" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" refId="ref42080" refString="KOVARIK, F & A. A. OJANGUREN AFFILASTRO. 2013. Illustrated catalog of scorpions Part II. Bothriuridae; Chaerilidae; Buthidae I., genera Compsobuthus, Hottentotta, Isometrus, Lychas, and Sassanidotus. Clairon Production, Prague, 400 pp." title="Illustrated catalog of scorpions Part II. Bothriuridae; Chaerilidae; Buthidae I., genera Compsobuthus, Hottentotta, Isometrus, Lychas, and Sassanidotus" type="book" year="2013">Kovařík & Ojanguren, 2013: 209</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[830,1441,1306,1390]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[830,887,1306,1329]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
LOCALITY AND
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1061,1114,1309,1328]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
REPOSITORY.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectionCode="MHNG" country="Sri Lanka" county="Mannar District" location="Wilpattu" municipality="Occapu Kallu" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Province" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1268,1378,1306,1329]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Sri Lanka" name="Northern" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Northern Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty box="[1016,1197,1337,1360]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Mannar District</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[1215,1370,1337,1360]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Occapu Kallu</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B07187DFA826FFA6FEECF95E9FB4FA5B:3D076012A826FFA1FAAFFAEE9D11FAD3" country="Sri Lanka" county="Mannar District" municipality="Occapu Kallu" name="Wilpattu" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Northern Province">Wilpattu</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode box="[898,983,1367,1390]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="49.[830,1440,1429,1881]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">
|
||
MATERIAL EXAMINED.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-04-26" collectingDateMax="2015-04-27" collectingDateMin="2015-04-26" collectionCode="FKCP, UPSL" collectorName="Kovarik" country="Sri Lanka" elevation="19" latitude="9.714334" location="Jaffna District" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="80.07911" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Northern">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1094,1210,1429,1452]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1228,1437,1429,1452]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Northern" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Northern Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B07187DFA826FFA6FEECF95E9FB4FA5B:3D076012A826FFA1FCFEFA649DBBFA77" box="[830,985,1459,1482]" country="Sri Lanka" latitude="9.714334" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="80.07911" name="Jaffna District" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Northern">Jaffna District</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1000,1145,1459,1482]" degrees="09" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" precision="1" seconds="51. 6" value="9.714334">09°42'51.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1156,1310,1459,1482]" degrees="080" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" precision="1" seconds="44.8" value="80.07911">080°04'44.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation box="[1325,1440,1459,1482]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="19.0">
|
||
<quantity box="[1325,1382,1459,1482]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="19.0">19 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
(Locality
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[935,994,1489,1513]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">15CJ</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1008,1098,1490,1513]" captionStart="Figures 585–587" captionStartId="123.[192,278,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[233,1393,189,1513]" captionTargetId="figure-293@123.[234,1392,190,1512]" captionTargetPageId="123" captionText="Figures 585–587: Figure 585. Locality 15CI, Sri Lanka, Northern Province, Mannar District, Marichchukkaddi env, border of Wilpattu National Park, 08°33'32.3"N 079°56'51"E, 7 m a.s.l. During night collecting on 25.–26.IV.2015 (UV detection) we recorded Isometrus maculatus and Isometrus thwaitesii sympatrically (running on branches and trunks of trees, also sitting on leaves one to four metres high), Reddyanus ceylonensis sp. n. (on the land among leaves; the type locality), Reddyanus loebli (hidden under scales of bark of standing tree trunks). Near to the locality we recorded temperature between 37.6 ºC (maximum daytime temperature and 26.2 ºC (minimum nighttime temperature) shortly before sunrise. Humidity varied between 67% and 81%. Figures 586–587. Locality 15CJ, Sri Lanka, Northern Province, Jaffna District, 09°42'51.6"N 080°04'44.8"E, 19 m a.s.l. During night collecting on 26.–27.IV.2015 (UV detection) we recorded Lychas srilankensis (on the land usually under branches, leaves or in their vicinity), Heterometrus swammerdami (inside the termite constructions or inside heaps of garden "waste") and Heterometrus gravimanus inside burrows in open terrain (Fig. 587). The females had 30 to 60 cm long oblique burrows once or twice curved. A female shortly after maturity ecdysis was in the burrow together with a male; another female was in the burrow together with three juveniles which had their own narrow burrows separated under surface from the motherś burrow; a juvenile after the third ecdysis had a proper burrow 30 cm long oblique and once curved. There also lives Isometrus maculatus. On the locality we recorded night temperature 31.6 ºC– 27.2 ºC (minimum temperature) and night humidity varied between 60% and 87%." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124781/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Fig. 586</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<date box="[1120,1298,1490,1513]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" value="2015-04-26" valueMax="2015-04-27" valueMin="2015-04-26">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1120,1298,1490,1513]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" value="2015-04-26" valueMax="2015-04-27" valueMin="2015-04-26">26. –27.IV.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1310,1343,1490,1513]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
after 5th ecdysis (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[930,1091,1521,1544]" captionStart="Figures 152–155" captionStartId="40.[192,278,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[228,1433,214,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-11@40.[192,1439,209,1824]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figures 152–155: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 152–153. Male in dorsal (152) and ventral (153) views. Figures 154–155. Female in dorsal (154) and ventral (155) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124578/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Figs. 152–153</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1108,1323,1521,1544]" captionStart-0="Figures 158–165" captionStart-1="Figures 166–171" captionStartId-0="42.[192,278,1837,1861]" captionStartId-1="43.[192,278,1441,1465]" captionTargetBox-0="[191,1440,191,1808]" captionTargetBox-1="[191,1407,180,1404]" captionTargetId-0="figure-11@42.[192,1439,192,1807]" captionTargetId-1="figure-6@43.[180,1427,168,1412]" captionTargetPageId-0="42" captionTargetPageId-1="43" captionText-0="Figures 158–165: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 158, 160, 162–165. Male, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (158), sternopectinal region and sternite III (160), and distal segments of legs I–IV (162–165), retroventral view. Figures 159, 161. Female, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (159) and sternopectinal region and sternite III (161)." captionText-1="Figures 166–171: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 166–168. Male, metasoma and telson, lateral (166), ventral (167), and dorsal (168) views. Figures 169–171. Female, metasoma and telson, lateral (169), ventral (170), and dorsal (171) views." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124582" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124586" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7124582/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7124586/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">158, 160, 162–168</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 172–182" captionStartId="44.[192,278,1085,1109]" captionTargetBox="[192,1435,194,1042]" captionTargetId="figure-11@44.[192,1439,191,1056]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figures 172–182: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 174–180, 182. Male. Pedipalp chela, dorsal (174), external (175), and ventral (176) views. Pedipalp patella, dorsal (177) and external (178) views. Pedipalp femur and trochanter dorsal (179) view. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 175–179. Pedipalp movable finger (180). Complete pedipalp (182). Figures 172–173, 181. Female. Pedipalp chela, dorsal (172) and external (173) views. Complete pedipalp (181)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124590/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">174–180, 182</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[887,927,1551,1574]" captionStart="Figures 193–200" captionStartId="48.[192,278,1070,1094]" captionTargetBox="[213,1446,171,1037]" captionTargetId="figure-11@48.[205,1452,168,1041]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Figures 193–200: Distal segments of leg IV, retroventral view of Sri Lankan Buthidae and Chaerilidae genera. Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (193), Charmus laneus, male from locality 15CO (194), Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK (195), Isometrus maculatus, female from locality 15CI (196), Isometrus thwaitesi, female from locality 15CO (197), Lychas srilankensis, male from locality 15CJ (198), Reddyanus basilicus, male from locality 15CS (199), and Chaerilus ceylonensis, male from locality 15CD (200)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124608" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124608/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">198</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[944,986,1551,1574]" captionStart="Figures 403–429" captionStartId="85.[192,278,744,768]" captionTargetId="figure-11@84.[172,1464,185,1878]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="Figures 403–429: Telson, lateral view of Sri Lankan Buthidae and Chaerilidae species. Figures 403–404. Isometrus maculatus, male from locality 15CP (403) and female from locality 15CI (404). Figures 405–406. I. thwaitesi, male from locality 15CH (405) and female from locality 15CO (406). Figures 407–408. Lychas srilankensis, male (407) and female (408) from locality 15CJ. Figures 409–410. Reddyanus basilicus, male (409) and female (410) from locality 15CR. Figures 411–412. R. besucheti, male holotype (411) and female from locality 15CG (412). Figures 413–414. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype (413) and female paratype (414) from locality 15CI. Figures 415–416. R. jayarathnei sp. n., male (415) and female (416) paratypes. Figures 417–418. R. loebli, male (417) and female (418) from locality 15CG. Figures 419–420. R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype (419) and female paratype (420). Figures 421–422: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (421) and female from locality 15CG (422). Figures 423–424. Charmus laneus, male (423) and female (424) from locality 15CO. Figures 425–426. Charmus saradieli sp. n. male paratype (425) (MHNG) and female holotype (426). Figurs 427. Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK (427). Figures 428–429. Chaerilus ceylonensis, male (428) and female (429) from locality 15CD." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124696/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">407</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1002,1036,1551,1574]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1054,1212,1551,1574]" captionStart="Figures 152–155" captionStartId="40.[192,278,1853,1877]" captionTargetBox="[228,1433,214,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-11@40.[192,1439,209,1824]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figures 152–155: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 152–153. Male in dorsal (152) and ventral (153) views. Figures 154–155. Female in dorsal (154) and ventral (155) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124578/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Figs. 154–155</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1227,1325,1551,1574]" captionStart="Figures 158–165" captionStartId="42.[192,278,1837,1861]" captionTargetBox="[191,1440,191,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-11@42.[192,1439,192,1807]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figures 158–165: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 158, 160, 162–165. Male, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (158), sternopectinal region and sternite III (160), and distal segments of legs I–IV (162–165), retroventral view. Figures 159, 161. Female, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (159) and sternopectinal region and sternite III (161)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124582/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">159, 161</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart-0="Figures 166–171" captionStart-1="Figures 172–182" captionStartId-0="43.[192,278,1441,1465]" captionStartId-1="44.[192,278,1085,1109]" captionTargetBox-0="[191,1407,180,1404]" captionTargetBox-1="[192,1435,194,1042]" captionTargetId-0="figure-6@43.[180,1427,168,1412]" captionTargetId-1="figure-11@44.[192,1439,191,1056]" captionTargetPageId-0="43" captionTargetPageId-1="44" captionText-0="Figures 166–171: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 166–168. Male, metasoma and telson, lateral (166), ventral (167), and dorsal (168) views. Figures 169–171. Female, metasoma and telson, lateral (169), ventral (170), and dorsal (171) views." captionText-1="Figures 172–182: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 174–180, 182. Male. Pedipalp chela, dorsal (174), external (175), and ventral (176) views. Pedipalp patella, dorsal (177) and external (178) views. Pedipalp femur and trochanter dorsal (179) view. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 175–179. Pedipalp movable finger (180). Complete pedipalp (182). Figures 172–173, 181. Female. Pedipalp chela, dorsal (172) and external (173) views. Complete pedipalp (181)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124586" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124590" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7124586/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7124590/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">169–173, 181</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[885,925,1582,1605]" captionStart="Figures 403–429" captionStartId="85.[192,278,744,768]" captionTargetId="figure-11@84.[172,1464,185,1878]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="Figures 403–429: Telson, lateral view of Sri Lankan Buthidae and Chaerilidae species. Figures 403–404. Isometrus maculatus, male from locality 15CP (403) and female from locality 15CI (404). Figures 405–406. I. thwaitesi, male from locality 15CH (405) and female from locality 15CO (406). Figures 407–408. Lychas srilankensis, male (407) and female (408) from locality 15CJ. Figures 409–410. Reddyanus basilicus, male (409) and female (410) from locality 15CR. Figures 411–412. R. besucheti, male holotype (411) and female from locality 15CG (412). Figures 413–414. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype (413) and female paratype (414) from locality 15CI. Figures 415–416. R. jayarathnei sp. n., male (415) and female (416) paratypes. Figures 417–418. R. loebli, male (417) and female (418) from locality 15CG. Figures 419–420. R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype (419) and female paratype (420). Figures 421–422: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (421) and female from locality 15CG (422). Figures 423–424. Charmus laneus, male (423) and female (424) from locality 15CO. Figures 425–426. Charmus saradieli sp. n. male paratype (425) (MHNG) and female holotype (426). Figurs 427. Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK (427). Figures 428–429. Chaerilus ceylonensis, male (428) and female (429) from locality 15CD." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124696/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">408</figureCitation>
|
||
) 1im.
|
||
<specimenCount box="[991,1011,1582,1605]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1026,1093,1582,1605]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">FKCP</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1109,1141,1582,1605]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1156,1221,1582,1605]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">UPSL</collectionCode>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName box="[1284,1371,1582,1605]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Kovařík</collectorName>
|
||
et al
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-04-28" collectionCode="FKCP" collectorName="Kovarik" country="Sri Lanka" elevation="52" latitude="8.20975" location="Eluwankulam" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="79.85889" municipality="Puttalam District" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="North Central">
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[832,1122,1613,1636]" country="Sri Lanka" name="North Central" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">North Central Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[1156,1362,1613,1636]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Puttalam District</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B07187DFA826FFA6FEECF95E9FB4FA5B:3D076012A826FFA1FAB2F99A9DCFF93F" country="Sri Lanka" latitude="8.20975" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="79.85889" municipality="Puttalam District" name="Eluwankulam" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="North Central">Eluwankulam</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[969,1115,1643,1666]" degrees="08" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" precision="1" seconds="35. 1" value="8.20975">08°12'35.1"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1136,1273,1643,1666]" degrees="079" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" precision="15" seconds="32" value="79.85889">079°51'32"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation box="[1300,1440,1643,1666]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="52.0">
|
||
<quantity box="[1300,1369,1643,1666]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="52.0">52 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
(Locality
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[942,1007,1673,1697]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">15CN</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1028,1125,1674,1697]" captionStart="Figures 590–591" captionStartId="125.[192,278,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[191,1440,167,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-179@125.[192,1439,168,1691]" captionTargetPageId="125" captionText="Figures 590–591: Figure 590. Locality 15CM, Sri Lanka, Central Province, Matale District, Pallegama, 07°32'49.5"N 080°47'50"E, 434 m a.s.l. During a day 28.IV.2015 we recorded Reddyanus loebli (under bark). Figure 591. Locality 15CN, Sri Lanka, North Central Province, Puttalam District, Eluwankulam, 08°12'35.1"N 079°51'32"E, 52 m a.s.l. During night collecting on 28.IV.2015 (UV detection) between 9.00 and 10.00 p.m. we recorded Charmus laneus (running on the ground among leaves), Lychas srilankensis (on the ground under branches or leaves or in their vicinity), Reddyanus ceylonensis sp. n. (on the ground and inside old moulder stump), Reddyanus loebli (hidden under scales of bark of standing tree trunks) and Heterometrus swammerdami (inside burrows). On the locality we recorded between 9.00 and 10.00 p.m. temperature 28.5 ºC– 25.9 ºC and humidity between 61% and 78%." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124787/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Fig. 591</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<date box="[1153,1274,1674,1697]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" value="2015-04-28">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1153,1274,1674,1697]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" value="2015-04-28">28.IV.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1295,1328,1674,1697]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
after 3rd ecdysis (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[928,1084,1705,1728]" captionStart="Figures 183–186" captionStartId="45.[192,278,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[196,1422,175,1626]" captionTargetId="figure-6@45.[192,1439,168,1630]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figures 183–186: Right hemispermatophore of Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CN (presented as mirror image for comparison to other species). External (183), dorsal (184), internal (185) and ventral (186) views. Extracted after 3rd ecdysis. Hemispermatophores examined from a second male after 4th ecdysis were similar. Scale bar: 500 µm. Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; f, flagellum; ml, median lobe; mlc, median lobe carina; pr, pars recta of flagellum; prf, pars reflecta of flagellum; t, trunk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124594" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124594/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Figs. 183–186</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1100,1140,1705,1728]" captionStart="Figures 187–190" captionStartId="46.[192,278,1844,1868]" captionTargetBox="[191,1440,167,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-27@46.[192,1439,168,1814]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Figures 187–190: Lychas srilankensis. Figures 187. Male after 5th ecdysis at locality 15CJ. Figures 188. Female after 5th ecdysis at locality 15CO. Figures 189. Male after 3rd ecdysis at locality 15CN. Figures 190. Female after 5th ecdysis at locality 15CJ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124596" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124596/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">189</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1157,1199,1705,1728]" captionStart="Figures 547–554" captionStartId="114.[192,278,810,834]" captionTargetBox="[191,1440,191,782]" captionTargetId="figure-538@114.[192,1440,192,781]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="Figures 547–554: The mitotic metaphases of buthid males from Sri Lanka. Buthoscorpio sarasinorum from locality 15CF (2n=14) (547), Charmus laneus from locality 15CO (2n=9) (548), Isometrus thwaitesi from locality 15CF (2n=8) (549), Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CN (2n=16) (550), Reddyanus basilicus from locality 15CS (2n=16) (551), Reddyanus basilicus from locality 15CR (2n=15) (552), Reddyanus ceylonensis from locality 15CI (2n=16) (553), Reddyanus loebli from locality 15CH (2n=17) (554). Arrowheads indicate extra large odd chromosomes. Scale bar = 5 µm for 547–554." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124765/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">550</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1216,1249,1705,1728]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
after 4th ecdysis
|
||
<specimenCount box="[830,864,1735,1758]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[884,1041,1735,1758]" captionStart="Figures 191–192" captionStartId="47.[192,278,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[213,1417,167,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-26@47.[214,1416,168,1812]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Figures 191–192: Lychas srilankensis, female from locality 15CN with newborns before first ecdysis (191), and with juveniles after first ecdysis (192)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124604" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124604/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Figs. 191–192</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1068,1137,1735,1758]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">FKCP</collectionCode>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName box="[1204,1291,1735,1758]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Kovařík</collectorName>
|
||
et al
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-04-28" collectionCode="FKCP, UPSL" collectorName="Kovarik" country="Sri Lanka" elevation="38" latitude="8.2875" location="Eluwankulam" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="79.844086" municipality="Puttalam District" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="North Central">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Sri Lanka" name="North Central" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">North Central Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[1057,1258,1766,1789]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Puttalam District</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B07187DFA826FFA6FEECF95E9FB4FA5B:3D076012A826FFA1FAC5F9319BFBF940" box="[1285,1433,1766,1789]" country="Sri Lanka" latitude="8.2875" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="79.844086" municipality="Puttalam District" name="Eluwankulam" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="North Central">Eluwankulam</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[830,956,1797,1820]" degrees="08" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" precision="15" seconds="15" value="8.2875">08°17'15"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[965,1123,1797,1820]" degrees="079" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" precision="1" seconds="38.7" value="79.844086">079°50'38.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation box="[1137,1251,1797,1820]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="38.0">
|
||
<quantity box="[1137,1193,1797,1820]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="38.0">38 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
(Locality
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1369,1434,1796,1820]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">15CO</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[830,927,1827,1850]" captionStart="Figures 592–594" captionStartId="126.[192,278,1617,1641]" captionTargetBox="[213,1417,167,1588]" captionTargetId="figure-251@126.[214,1416,168,1587]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="Figures 592–594: Figure 592. Locality 15CO, Sri Lanka, North Central Province, Puttalam District, Eluwankulam, 08°17'15"N 079°50'38.7"E, 38 m a.s.l. During night collecting from 10.30 p.m. on 28.IV.2015 to 4.00 a.m. on 29.IV.2015 (UV detection) we recorded Charmus laneus (running on the ground among leaves), Isometrus thwaitesii (running on branches of bushes, also sitting on leaves), Lychas srilankensis (on the ground under branches, leaves or in their vicinity), Reddyanus ceylonensis sp. n. (on the ground), Chaerilus ceylonensis (inside oblique usually not curved burrows 15 to 30 cm long) and Heterometrus swammerdami (inside long burrows). On the locality we recorded between 10.00 p.m. and 4.00 a.m. temperature 25.9 ºC and humidity between 58% and 70%. On the locality we recorded 6 scorpion species and genera of all three Sri Lankan families. Figures 593–594. Locality 15CP, Sri Lanka, Southern Province, Matara District, Kekanadura village, 05°58'28.2"N 080°36'20.5"E, 40 m a.s.l. During night collecting on 30.IV.2015 (UV detection) we recorded Isometrus maculatus (inside a house, the species occupy the roof of the house, Fig. 593) and Heterometrus serratus (inside almost straight burrows in a ground wall). On the locality we recorded night temperature 28.4 ºC– 25.2 ºC (minimum temperature) and night humidity varied between 63% and 89%." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124791/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Fig. 592</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<date box="[957,1078,1827,1850]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" value="2015-04-28">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[957,1078,1827,1850]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" value="2015-04-28">28.IV.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1099,1133,1827,1850]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1156,1316,1827,1850]" captionStart="Figures 156–157" captionStartId="41.[192,278,1397,1421]" captionTargetBox="[207,1427,192,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-6@41.[192,1439,185,1368]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="Figures 156–157: Lychas srilankensis, male from locality 15CO in dorsal (156) and ventral (157) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124580/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Figs. 156–157</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1337,1377,1827,1850]" captionStart="Figures 241–259" captionStartId="52.[192,278,1733,1757]" captionTargetBox="[238,1387,153,1699]" captionTargetId="figure-11@52.[234,1392,152,1704]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="Figures 241–259: Pedipalp chela dorsal (241), movable finger (242–250), and fixed finger (251–259) of Sri Lankan Isometrus, Lychas, and Reddyanus species. Figures 241–242, 252. Isometrus maculatus, female from locality 15CO (241) and male from locality 15CP (242, 252). Figures 243–244, 253. I. thwaitesi, male from locality 15CH (243) and female from locality 15CO (244, 253). Figures 245, 254. Reddyanus basilicus, male from locality 15CS. Figures 246, 255. R. besucheti, male from locality 15CD. Figures 247, 256. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype. Figures 248, 257. R. jayarathnei sp. n., male paratype. Figures 249, 258. R. loebli, male from locality 15CG. Figures 250, 259. R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype. Figure 251. Lychas srilankensis, male from locality 15CO." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124626" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124626/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">251</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1400,1433,1827,1850]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[830,900,1858,1881]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">FKCP</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount box="[911,944,1858,1881]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
1juv,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1005,1073,1858,1881]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">UPSL</collectionCode>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName box="[1129,1217,1858,1881]" pageId="49" pageNumber="48">Kovařík</collectorName>
|
||
et al
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124622" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7124622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124622/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" startId="50.[192,278,1736,1760]" targetBox="[208,1434,174,1703]" targetPageId="50">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="50.[192,1441,1736,1908]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,388,1736,1760]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Figures 209–224:</emphasis>
|
||
Metasomal segments II–III, lateral view of Sri Lankan
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vachon" authorityYear="1972" box="[929,1034,1738,1759]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[929,1034,1738,1759]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Reddyanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1083,1259,1738,1759]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Isometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1083,1177,1738,1759]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Isometrus</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1266,1434,1737,1759]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Figures 209–210</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[192,389,1763,1784]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basilicus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[192,389,1763,1784]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Reddyanus basilicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (209) and female (210) from locality 1 5CR.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[890,1058,1762,1784]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Figures 211–212</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Vachon" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[1071,1189,1763,1784]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besucheti">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1071,1189,1763,1784]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">R. besucheti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male holotype (211) and female from locality 15CG (212).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[523,690,1787,1809]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Figures 213–214</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š, 2016" authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[702,840,1788,1809]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonensis" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[702,840,1788,1809]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">R. ceylonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[846,899,1787,1809]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[846,869,1787,1808]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">sp</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[881,894,1787,1808]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male holotype (213) and female paratype from locality 15CI (214).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[314,484,1812,1834]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Figures 215–216</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š, 2016" authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[498,638,1813,1834]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jayarathnei" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[498,638,1813,1834]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">R. jayarathnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[647,701,1812,1834]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[647,669,1812,1833]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">sp</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[682,695,1812,1833]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male (215) and female (216) paratypes.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1112,1282,1812,1834]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Figures 217–218</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Vachon" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[1296,1380,1813,1834]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loebli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1296,1380,1813,1834]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">R. loebli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (217) and female (218) from locality 15CG.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[637,806,1837,1859]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Figures 219–220</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š, 2016" authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[821,954,1838,1859]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ranawanai" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[821,954,1838,1859]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">R. ranawanai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[962,1017,1837,1859]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[962,985,1837,1858]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">sp</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[999,1012,1837,1858]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male holotype (219) and female paratype (2 20).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[256,423,1861,1883]" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Figures 221–222</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Vachon" authorityYear="1972" box="[436,635,1862,1883]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Isometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[436,635,1862,1883]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Isometrus maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from locality 15CP (221) and female from locality 15CI (222).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">Figures 223– 224</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Vachon" authorityYear="1982" box="[240,347,1887,1908]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Isometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="50" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thwaitesi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[240,347,1887,1908]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="49">I. thwaitesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from locality 15CH (223) and female from locality 15CO (224).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124624" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7124624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124624/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" startId="51.[192,278,1493,1517]" targetBox="[193,1432,180,1451]" targetPageId="51">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="51.[192,1441,1493,1666]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,387,1493,1517]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Figures 225–240:</emphasis>
|
||
Pedipalp, dorsal view of Sri Lankan
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vachon" authorityYear="1972" box="[750,855,1495,1516]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[750,855,1495,1516]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Reddyanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[903,1080,1495,1516]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Isometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[903,997,1495,1516]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Isometrus</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1086,1254,1495,1517]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Figures 225–226</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basilicus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Reddyanus basilicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (225) and female (226) from locality 15CR.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[718,885,1520,1542]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Figures 2 2 7–228</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Vachon" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[898,1015,1520,1541]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besucheti">
|
||
<emphasis box="[898,1015,1520,1541]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">R. besucheti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from locality 15CD (227) and female from locality 15CG (228).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[456,624,1544,1566]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Figures 229–230</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š, 2016" authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[637,775,1545,1566]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonensis" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[637,775,1545,1566]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">R. ceylonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[783,836,1545,1566]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[783,806,1545,1566]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">sp</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[818,831,1545,1566]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male holotype (229) and female paratype from locality 15CI (230).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[258,427,1569,1591]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Figures 231–232</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š, 2016" authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[441,581,1570,1591]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jayarathnei" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[441,581,1570,1591]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">R. jayarathnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[590,644,1570,1591]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[590,613,1570,1591]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">sp</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[624,637,1570,1591]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male (231) and female (232) paratypes.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1055,1224,1569,1591]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Figures 233–234</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Vachon" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[1236,1319,1570,1591]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loebli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1236,1319,1570,1591]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">R. loebli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (233) and female (234) from locality 15CG.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[576,743,1594,1616]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Figures 235–236</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š, 2016" authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[758,890,1595,1616]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ranawanai" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[758,890,1595,1616]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">R. ranawanai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[898,953,1594,1616]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[898,921,1594,1615]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">sp</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[935,948,1594,1615]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male holotype (235) and female paratype (236).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,360,1619,1641]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Figures 237–238</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Vachon" authorityYear="1972" box="[372,572,1620,1641]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Isometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[372,572,1620,1641]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Isometrus maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from locality 15CP (237) and female from locality 15CI (238).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1247,1414,1619,1641]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">Figures 239–240</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Vachon" authorityYear="1982" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Isometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thwaitesi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">I. thwaitesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from locality 15CH (239) and female from locality 1 5CO (240).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="51.[192,802,1718,1864]" lastBlockId="53.[192,802,1724,1809]" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS. Total length
|
||
<quantity box="[479,600,1718,1741]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="51" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="51.5" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="38.0">38–65 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Sternum
|
||
<typeStatus box="[723,769,1718,1741]" pageId="51" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1, subpentagonal, exhibiting horizontal compression. Metasoma approximately the same length in both sexes, or male with slightly longer metasoma. Sixth row of granules on both movable and fixed fingers of pedipalps with out external and internal granules. First through third metasomal segments with 10 carinae, fourth with eight carinae. Lateral inframedian carinae of second and third metasomal segments may be incomplete. Fingers and manus of pedipalps identically colored, light and spotted. Manus of pedipalps smooth without granules in females and usually finely granulated in males. Pectinal teeth number 21–25.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124626" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7124626" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124626/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" startId="52.[192,278,1733,1757]" targetBox="[238,1387,153,1699]" targetPageId="52">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="52.[192,1440,1733,1906]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,387,1733,1757]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Figures 241–259:</emphasis>
|
||
Pedipalp chela dorsal (241), movable finger (242–250), and fixed finger (251–259) of Sri Lankan
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1828" box="[1339,1434,1735,1756]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Isometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1339,1434,1735,1756]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Isometrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1845" box="[192,260,1760,1781]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[192,260,1760,1781]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Lychas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[319,506,1760,1781]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[319,422,1760,1781]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Reddyanus</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[515,685,1760,1782]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Figures 241–242</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[697,733,1760,1781]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">252</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Vachon" authorityYear="1972" box="[747,949,1760,1781]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Isometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[747,949,1760,1781]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Isometrus maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, female from locality 15CO (241) and male from locality 15CP (242, 252).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[452,673,1784,1806]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Figures 243–244, 253</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": Vachon" authorityYear="1982" box="[688,797,1785,1806]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Isometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thwaitesi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[688,797,1785,1806]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">I. thwaitesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from locality 15CH (243) and female from locality 15CO (244, 253).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[306,474,1809,1831]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Figures 245, 254</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[487,684,1810,1831]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basilicus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[487,684,1810,1831]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Reddyanus basilicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from locality 15CS.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[950,1118,1809,1831]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Figures 246, 255</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Vachon" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[1131,1249,1810,1831]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="besucheti">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1131,1249,1810,1831]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">R. besucheti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from locality 15CD.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[263,433,1834,1856]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Figures 247, 256</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š, 2016" authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[447,586,1835,1856]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonensis" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[447,586,1835,1856]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">R. ceylonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[594,647,1834,1856]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[594,617,1834,1855]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">sp</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[629,642,1834,1855]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male holotype.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[815,984,1834,1856]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Figures 248, 257</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š, 2016" authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[997,1136,1835,1856]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jayarathnei" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[997,1136,1835,1856]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">R. jayarathnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1145,1199,1834,1856]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1145,1168,1834,1855]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">sp</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1180,1193,1834,1855]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male paratype.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Figures 2 49, 258</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Vachon" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[297,383,1860,1881]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loebli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[297,383,1860,1881]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">R. loebli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from locality 15CG.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[670,846,1859,1881]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Figures 250, 259</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š, 2016" authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[863,998,1860,1881]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ranawanai" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[863,998,1860,1881]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">R. ranawanai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1009,1066,1859,1881]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1009,1032,1859,1880]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">sp</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1048,1061,1859,1880]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">n</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male holotype.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1241,1356,1859,1881]" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Figure 251</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1997" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="52" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srilankensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="51">Lychas srilankensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male from locality 15CO.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124628" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7124628" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124628/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="52" startId="53.[192,278,1632,1656]" targetBox="[196,1427,148,1596]" targetPageId="53">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="53.[192,1441,1632,1681]" pageId="53" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,389,1632,1656]" pageId="53" pageNumber="52">Figures 260–263:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Karsch" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[397,595,1635,1656]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Reddyanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="53" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="basilicus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[397,595,1635,1656]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="52">Reddyanus basilicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from locality 15CS.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[806,975,1634,1656]" pageId="53" pageNumber="52">Figures 260–261</emphasis>
|
||
. Male in dorsal (260) and ventral (261) views.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,360,1659,1681]" pageId="53" pageNumber="52">Figures 262–263</emphasis>
|
||
. Female in dorsal (262) and ventral (263) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="53.[192,802,1847,1901]" lastBlockId="53.[830,1441,1724,1901]" pageId="53" pageNumber="52">
|
||
HEMISPERMATOPHORE (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[456,621,1847,1870]" captionStart="Figures 183–186" captionStartId="45.[192,278,1659,1683]" captionTargetBox="[196,1422,175,1626]" captionTargetId="figure-6@45.[192,1439,168,1630]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Figures 183–186: Right hemispermatophore of Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CN (presented as mirror image for comparison to other species). External (183), dorsal (184), internal (185) and ventral (186) views. Extracted after 3rd ecdysis. Hemispermatophores examined from a second male after 4th ecdysis were similar. Scale bar: 500 µm. Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; f, flagellum; ml, median lobe; mlc, median lobe carina; pr, pars recta of flagellum; prf, pars reflecta of flagellum; t, trunk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124594" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124594/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="52">Figs. 183–186</figureCitation>
|
||
). Trunk broad, short, only slightly longer than capsule region. Capsule region broad. Flagellum short, laminiform, with broad hyaline fin along internal margin of cylindrical core. Median lobe broad, with thin dorsal carina near internal margin. Basal lobe strongly developed, a broad, blunt hook-like process arising dorsally at base of median lobe carina.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="54.[192,803,199,1449]" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">
|
||
COMMENTS. The taxonomic position of this species is not clear.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1997" box="[298,453,230,253]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srilankensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[298,453,230,253]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. srilankensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Simon, 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricarinatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[647,802,230,253]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. tricarinatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Simon, 1884)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and there is a real possibility that further study of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[288,443,291,314]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricarinatus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[288,443,291,314]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. tricarinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus box="[459,506,291,314]" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[602,660,291,314]" name="India" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[671,794,291,314]" name="India" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">Pondichéry</collectingCountry>
|
||
) could reveal that these two species are synonyms. Lourenço did not compare these two species and only compared
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1997" box="[315,482,383,406]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srilankensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[315,482,383,406]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. srilankensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Oates, 1888)" baseAuthorityName="Oates" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shoplandi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[564,708,383,406]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. shoplandi</emphasis>
|
||
(Oates, 1888)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Thorell, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[310,557,414,437]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[310,383,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. feae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Thorell" box="[399,550,414,437]" firstAuthor="Thorell" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" pagination="521 - 729" part="27" refId="ref44684" refString="THORELL, T. 1889. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmanie e regioni vicine. XXI. - Aracnidi Artrogastri Birmani raccolti da L. Fea nel 1885 - 1887. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 27: 521 - 729." title="Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmanie e regioni vicine. XXI. - Aracnidi Artrogastri Birmani raccolti da L. Fea nel 1885 - 1887" type="journal article" year="1889">Thorell, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Oates" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[597,732,414,437]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shoplandi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[597,732,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. shoplandi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[192,295,444,467]" name="Myanmar" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lourenco" firstAuthor="Lourenco" page="831 - 836" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" pagination="831 - 836" refId="ref42593" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 1997. A new species of Lychas Koch, 1845 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Sri Lanka. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 104 (4): 831 - 836." type="journal article" year="1997">Lourenço, 1997: 831–836</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs. 1–9). The description is superficial with several errors (e.g. compare
|
||
<figureCitation box="[528,625,506,529]" captionStart="Figures 172–182" captionStartId="44.[192,278,1085,1109]" captionTargetBox="[192,1435,194,1042]" captionTargetId="figure-11@44.[192,1439,191,1056]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Figures 172–182: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 174–180, 182. Male. Pedipalp chela, dorsal (174), external (175), and ventral (176) views. Pedipalp patella, dorsal (177) and external (178) views. Pedipalp femur and trochanter dorsal (179) view. The trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 175–179. Pedipalp movable finger (180). Complete pedipalp (182). Figures 172–173, 181. Female. Pedipalp chela, dorsal (172) and external (173) views. Complete pedipalp (181)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124590/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">Fig. 179</figureCitation>
|
||
with fig.
|
||
<quantity box="[753,802,506,529]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lourenco" box="[192,412,536,559]" firstAuthor="Lourenco" page="833" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" pagination="831 - 836" refId="ref42593" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 1997. A new species of Lychas Koch, 1845 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Sri Lanka. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 104 (4): 831 - 836." type="journal article" year="1997">Lourenço 1997: 833</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which depicts a spurious additional trichobothrium between
|
||
<emphasis box="[466,479,567,590]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript attach="left" box="[480,489,577,592]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">4</subScript>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[552,565,567,590]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">d</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript attach="left" box="[565,574,577,592]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">5</subScript>
|
||
; and the shape and densely hirsute setation of tarsomere II of leg IV in
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 158–165" captionStartId="42.[192,278,1837,1861]" captionTargetBox="[191,1440,191,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-11@42.[192,1439,192,1807]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figures 158–165: Lychas srilankensis from locality 15CJ. Figures 158, 160, 162–165. Male, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (158), sternopectinal region and sternite III (160), and distal segments of legs I–IV (162–165), retroventral view. Figures 159, 161. Female, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (159) and sternopectinal region and sternite III (161)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7124582/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">Fig. 165</figureCitation>
|
||
with fig.
|
||
<quantity box="[350,395,628,651]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lourenco" box="[406,634,628,651]" firstAuthor="Lourenco" page="833" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" pagination="831 - 836" refId="ref42593" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. 1997. A new species of Lychas Koch, 1845 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Sri Lanka. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 104 (4): 831 - 836." type="journal article" year="1997">Lourenço 1997: 833</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which depicts same setation for tarsomeres I and II).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kovarik et Ojanguren" bookContentInfo="400 pp." firstAuthor="Kovarik" journalOrPublisher="Clairon Production, Prague" page="196" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" refId="ref42080" refString="KOVARIK, F & A. A. OJANGUREN AFFILASTRO. 2013. Illustrated catalog of scorpions Part II. Bothriuridae; Chaerilidae; Buthidae I., genera Compsobuthus, Hottentotta, Isometrus, Lychas, and Sassanidotus. Clairon Production, Prague, 400 pp." title="Illustrated catalog of scorpions Part II. Bothriuridae; Chaerilidae; Buthidae I., genera Compsobuthus, Hottentotta, Isometrus, Lychas, and Sassanidotus" type="book" year="2013">Kovařík et Ojanguren (2013: 196)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cited a difference in the length of the metasoma in males, but our study of new Sri Lankan specimens shows that there is little or no significant difference. Both species
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1997" box="[488,654,782,805]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srilankensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[488,654,782,805]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. srilankensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricarinatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. tricarinatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have the metasoma approximately the same length in both sexes, or the male has a slightly longer metasoma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="54.[192,803,199,1449]" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">
|
||
In the original description,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[578,742,904,927]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[578,742,904,927]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. ceylonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was characterized as having the terminal accessory granules on the movable finger of the pedipalp modified into another (seventh) row of granules (see fig.
|
||
<quantity box="[652,693,996,1019]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lourenco & Huber" firstAuthor="Lourenco" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg" page="24" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" pagination="23 - 27" part="13" refId="ref42954" refString="LOURENCO, W. R. & D. HUBER. 1999. One more new species of Lychas Koch, 1845 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Sri Lanka. Entomologische Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Hamburg, 13 (159): 23 - 27." title="One more new species of Lychas Koch, 1845 (Chelicerata, Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Sri Lanka" type="journal article" year="1999">Lourenço & Huber, 1999: 24</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The authors (p. 26) distinguished
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. ceylonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1997" box="[399,565,1058,1081]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srilankensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[399,565,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. srilankensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as follows: "... the presence of 7 oblique rows of granules on the movable finger of pedipalp, instead of 6 as in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1997" box="[590,746,1119,1142]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srilankensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[590,746,1119,1142]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. srilankensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The row of granules on the extremity of the finger is normal, and not represented merely by 3 or 4 accessory granules as it is in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1997" box="[311,471,1211,1234]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srilankensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[311,471,1211,1234]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. srilankensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
". This is incorrect. The male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[192,285,1242,1265]" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kovařík & Lowe & Ranawana & Hoferek & Š" authorityYear="2016" box="[324,477,1242,1265]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[324,477,1242,1265]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. ceylonensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only has a right movable finger (the left is missing), and this finger only bears six rows of granules and three external accessory granules on its distal extremity (see Fig.
|
||
<quantity box="[576,665,1334,1357]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7211" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" unit="in" value="1465.0">1465 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kovarik & Ojanguren" bookContentInfo="400 pp." firstAuthor="Kovarik" journalOrPublisher="Clairon Production, Prague" page="364" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" refId="ref42080" refString="KOVARIK, F & A. A. OJANGUREN AFFILASTRO. 2013. Illustrated catalog of scorpions Part II. Bothriuridae; Chaerilidae; Buthidae I., genera Compsobuthus, Hottentotta, Isometrus, Lychas, and Sassanidotus. Clairon Production, Prague, 400 pp." title="Illustrated catalog of scorpions Part II. Bothriuridae; Chaerilidae; Buthidae I., genera Compsobuthus, Hottentotta, Isometrus, Lychas, and Sassanidotus" type="book" year="2013">Kovařík & Ojanguren, 2013: 364</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which is the normal condition for the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1845" box="[342,418,1395,1418]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[342,418,1395,1418]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">Lychas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see genus diagnosis), including
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1997" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Lychas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="srilankensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">L. srilankensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[192,470,1487,1510]" pageId="54" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="54.[192,470,1487,1510]" box="[192,470,1487,1510]" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION.
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[359,466,1487,1510]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="54" pageNumber="53">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |