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<document id="4F0E9B4D1ED9FFD127DA3D90FE099C23" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.184626" ID-GBIF-Dataset="151a0872-572c-45db-8b02-456d8b7f1473" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="184626" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459992713587" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Jitklang, Sanae, Kuvangkadilok, Chaliow, Baimai, Visut, Takaoka, Hiroyuki &amp; Adler, Peter H." docDate="2008" docId="A36387DAFF8AFFAA9CB189864C327B75" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01917p028.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1917" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Simulium" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="5F5AFFA2FF87FFA49C268F0349777807" masterDocTitle="Cytogenetics and morphotaxonomy of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) ceylonicum species group (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698232681935" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="BEBA931F224939CBE3BC165F51024953">Cytogenetics and morphotaxonomy of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) ceylonicum species group (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="153C7212384CB217672EEE37EFEE8463">Jitklang, Sanae</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="150CB6E6AE415251C7673EBD5C5BB710">Baimai, Visut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="925A67FDBD5F8D2F882DE3E438A41DF5">Takaoka, Hiroyuki</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="A36387DAFF8AFFAA9CB189864C327B75" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5658675" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119380069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5658675" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A36387DAFF8AFFAA9CB189864C327B75" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A36387DAFF8AFFAA9CB189864C327B75" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF8AFFA99CB1898648C17E98" blockId="13.[151,438,1669,1730]" box="[151,438,1669,1695]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="703D81A0FF8AFFA99CB1898648C17E98" bold="true" box="[151,438,1669,1695]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF8AFFA99CB1898648C17E98" bold="true" box="[151,438,1669,1695]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="ECCA4D4FFF8AFFA99CB1898648797E98" ID-CoL="8VTZ4" ID-ENA="7191" box="[151,270,1669,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF8AFFA99CB1898648797E98" bold="true" box="[151,270,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Simulium</emphasis>
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nr.
<taxonomicName id="ECCA4D4FFF8AFFA99D18898648D77E98" box="[318,416,1669,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF8AFFA99D18898648D77E98" bold="true" box="[318,416,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">asakoae</emphasis>
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2
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF8AFFA99CB189AB48D97EC5" blockId="13.[151,438,1669,1730]" box="[151,430,1704,1730]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">(Figs. 6C, 7C, 9C, 11C)</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="63D06547FF8AFFA99CB189FB4C737F5D" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF8AFFA99CB189FB4A157F08" blockId="13.[151,866,1784,1807]" box="[151,866,1784,1807]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0BDA11E2FF8AFFA99CB189FB4A157F08" box="[151,866,1784,1807]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
[
<taxonomicName id="ECCA4D4FFF8AFFA99C8689FB4B5F7F08" ID-CoL="8DXDT" authority="Phasuk, 2006: 88" authorityName="Phasuk" authorityPageNumber="88" authorityYear="2006" box="[160,552,1784,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF8AFFA99C8689FB48157F08" box="[160,354,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Simulium asakoae</emphasis>
,
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<bibRefCitation id="4F5B4B3DFF8AFFA99D5689FB4B747F08" author="Phasuk" box="[368,515,1784,1807]" pageId="13" pageNumber="27" refString="Phasuk, J. (2006) Lotic Diptera of Khao Yai National Park, Thailand, with emphasis on the diversity, taxonomy, and ecology of black flies (Simuliidae). Ph. D. thesis. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 241 pp." type="book" year="2006">Phasuk, 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 88
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(misident. in part, Fig. 30C)]
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF8AFFA99CB188434C737F5D" blockId="13.[151,1436,1856,2002]" box="[151,1284,1856,1882]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">The following morphological description is based on a single pupa and three larvae from site 30.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF8AFFAA9CE3886B499478B5" blockId="13.[151,1436,1856,2002]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1436,152,658]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF8AFFA99CE3886B48307F85" bold="true" box="[197,327,1896,1922]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
The larva can be distinguished from other cytoforms in the
<taxonomicName id="ECCA4D4FFF8AFFA99823886B4DD07F86" box="[1029,1191,1896,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonicum">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF8AFFA99823886B4DD07F86" box="[1029,1191,1896,1921]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S. ceylonicum</emphasis>
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group by the combination of a yellowish abdomen (except segments IIII greenish), abdominal segment V without a distinctly pigmented band, and abdominal setae unbranched. The pupa cannot be distinguished from that of others cytoforms.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF89FFAA9CE38FC34AA278DD" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,658]" box="[197,981,192,218]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
This cytoform differs morphologically from
<taxonomicName id="ECCA4D4FFF89FFAA9EF68FC34A3978DE" box="[720,846,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9EF68FC34A3978DE" box="[720,846,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. asakoae</emphasis>
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as follows:
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="63D06547FF89FFAA9CE38FE44C327B75" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF89FFAA9CE38FE44A7C797D" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,658]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9CE38FE448577906" bold="true" box="[197,288,231,257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Female</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9D7A8FE448E87906" bold="true" box="[348,415,231,257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9E0C8FE44B047906" bold="true" box="[554,627,231,257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pupa.</emphasis>
Gill filaments (
<figureCitation id="B3F12A49FF89FFAA9F088FEB4A0D7905" box="[814,890,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="18.[151,255,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[151,1415,877,1510]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,877,1520]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 11. Gill filaments of 10 cytoforms of the Simulium ceylonicum species group in Thailand. (A) S. asakoae, (B) S. curtatum n. sp., (C) S. nr. asakoae 2, (D) S. nr. asakoae 3, (E) S. nr. asakoae 4, (F) S. sheilae, (G) S. trangense n. sp., (H) S. doisaketense n. sp., (I) S. nr. sheilae 3, and (J) S. inthanonense. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184631/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig 11</figureCitation>
C) of dorsal and middle groups each of 3 filaments arising near common base, arranged (3) + (3) + 2 from dorsal to ventral; terminal hooks each with crenulated outer margin.
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9DE28E344B607956" bold="true" box="[452,535,311,337]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Larva.</emphasis>
Head spots faintly positive; abdominal segments IIII with greenish transverse bands, segments VVIII without distinct bands.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF89FFAA9CE38E844AE47A1D" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,658]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9CE38E84480879A6" bold="true" box="[197,383,391,417]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Chromosomes.</emphasis>
The chromosomes of seven larvae from two populations (sites 22 and 30) were analyzed. This cytoform differed from the standard map by fixed inversion
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9F818EB34A9579CE" box="[935,994,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">IIL-9</emphasis>
(Fig. 5A), which was shared with
<taxonomicName id="ECCA4D4FFF89FFAA99A08EB3487679F6" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curtatum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA99A08EB3487679F6" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. curtatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="028D57A5FF89FFAA9D2F8EDB483E79F5" box="[265,329,472,498]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and a complex set of inversions in IIIL, denoted as
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9F918EDB4D1179F6" box="[951,1126,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">IIIL-complex 4</emphasis>
(Fig. 6C) The centromere regions were condensed. No floating inversions were discovered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF89FFAA9CE38D244B7F7A95" blockId="14.[151,1436,152,658]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9CE38D2448387A46" bold="true" box="[197,335,551,577]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Bionomics.</emphasis>
This cytoform was found on fallen leaves in streams of moderate width (3.75.0 m) at altitudes of
<quantity id="EC329B29FF89FFAA9CDB8D5348F57A6D" box="[253,386,592,618]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="500.0" valueMax="700.0" valueMin="300.0">300700 m</quantity>
(
<tableCitation id="66480377FF89FFAA9DB48D53489A7A6D" box="[402,493,592,618]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="14.[151,239,706,730]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,901,1570]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="TABLE 3. Ecological data (mean, minimum-maximum) for 10 members of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) ceylonicum species group in Thailand." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7FB56644FF89FFAA9CB18DC148C77AFB" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" tableUuid="7FB56644FF89FFAA9CB18DC148C77AFB">Table 3</tableCitation>
). Larvae of this cytoform were collected with those of
<taxonomicName id="ECCA4D4FFF89FFAA985F8D534D817A6E" box="[1145,1270,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA985F8D534D817A6E" box="[1145,1270,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. asakoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at site 30 and
<taxonomicName id="ECCA4D4FFF89FFAA9CB18D7B483D7A96" box="[151,330,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="doisaketense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9CB18D7B483D7A96" box="[151,330,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. doisaketense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="028D57A5FF89FFAA9D778D7B48F87A95" box="[337,399,632,658]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
at site 22.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7FB56644FF89FFAA9CB18DC148C77AFB" ID-Table-UUID="7FB56644FF89FFAA9CB18DC148C77AFB" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7FB56644FF89FFAA9CB18DC148C77AFB" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[159,1427,901,1570]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF89FFAA9CB18DC148C77AFB" blockId="14.[151,1436,706,764]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9CB18DC1487D7ADD" bold="true" box="[151,266,706,730]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
Ecological data (mean, minimum-maximum) for 10 members of the
<taxonomicName id="ECCA4D4FFF89FFAA9FDB8DC14CEB7ADE" box="[1021,1436,706,729]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceylonicum" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA9FDB8DC14D157ADE" box="[1021,1122,706,729]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Simulium</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA98558DC14C667ADE" box="[1139,1297,706,729]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="19BEEADEFF89FFAA99058DC14CEB7ADE" box="[1315,1436,706,729]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ceylonicum</emphasis>
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species group in Thailand.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF89FFAA9CB98C1E4CE47B35" blockId="14.[159,1427,797,882]" box="[159,1427,797,818]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cytoform Altitude (m) Stream Stream Stream Conductivity Dissolved pH Water tem-</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF89FFAA9DF38C3E4C1B7B55" blockId="14.[159,1427,797,882]" box="[469,1388,829,850]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">width (m) depth (m) velocity (m/ (µs/cm) oxygen (mg/l) perature</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B7536CCFF89FFAA9EF28C5E4C327B75" blockId="14.[159,1427,797,882]" box="[724,1349,861,882]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">sec) (ºC)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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