445 lines
70 KiB
XML
445 lines
70 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="47706CB8C15015BA6870ECB062090747">Mycale species of the tropical Indo-West Pacific (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="94BED4FA547D9898E905ADB1F65BBD6C">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="78B6B4A47103D4B430D18C5F6A61AFB5">De, Nicole J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="792730F9CDFA048A454733BEAAA608F9" type="email">rob.vansoest@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="CCCB0ACFAD0981536C737F7D77985CC5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF60FF0555ABFAED52B6C876" ID-CoL="44RZS" authority="Thiele, 1903" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,732,1352,1379]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="moluccensis" subGenus="Paresperella">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF60FF0555ABFAED52B6C876" bold="true" box="[151,732,1352,1379]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF60FF0555ABFAED5257C876" bold="true" box="[151,573,1352,1379]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF60FF055778FAED52B6C876" author="Thiele, J." box="[580,732,1352,1379]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="933 - 968" refId="ref136517" refString="Thiele, J. (1903) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. II. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 25, 933 - 968, pl. XVIII." type="journal article" year="1903">Thiele, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF60FF0555ABFAC85114C892" blockId="165.[151,732,1352,1415]" box="[151,382,1389,1415]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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<figureCitation id="26822A34FF60FF0555ABFAC85092C892" box="[151,248,1389,1415]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-227@166.[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 108. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, a, preserved holotype ZMB 3151 from Ternate, Indonesia, a1–c, habitus and skeleton of ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, a1, habitus of preserved sponge (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the choanosomal skeleton, c, light microscopic image of the ectosomal skeleton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451197/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Figs 108</figureCitation>
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a–c, 109a–c
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF60FF0555ABFA095349CB14" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="3F1810A0FF60FF0555ABFA09524AC8D1" author="Thiele, J." box="[151,544,1452,1476]" page="950" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" year="1903">
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<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF60FF0555ABFA09524AC8D1" ID-CoL="44RZS" authority="Thiele, 1903: 950" authorityName="Thiele" authorityPageNumber="950" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,544,1452,1476]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="moluccensis">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF60FF0555ABFA09510EC8D1" box="[151,356,1452,1476]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Mycale moluccensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF60FF055456FA09524AC8D1" author="Thiele, J." box="[362,544,1452,1476]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="933 - 968" refId="ref136517" refString="Thiele, J. (1903) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. II. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 25, 933 - 968, pl. XVIII." type="journal article" year="1903">Thiele, 1903: 950</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. II fig. 17.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF60FF0555ABFA6E539CC8F7" blockId="165.[151,1014,1452,1537]" box="[151,1014,1482,1507]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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<treatmentCitation id="3F1810A0FF60FF0555ABFA6E5251C8F7" author="Dendy, A." box="[151,571,1482,1507]" page="163" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" year="1905">
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<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF60FF0555ABFA6E5251C8F7" ID-CoL="8568D" authority="Dendy, 1905: 163" authorityName="Dendy" authorityPageNumber="163" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,571,1482,1507]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Paresperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bidentata">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF60FF0555ABFA6E5115C8F6" box="[151,383,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Paresperella bidentata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF60FF0554B9FA6E5251C8F7" author="Dendy, A." box="[389,571,1482,1507]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="57 - 246" refId="ref130615" refString="Dendy, A. (1905) Report on the sponges collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 3 (Supplement 18), pp. 57 - 246, pls. I-XVI." type="book chapter" year="1905">Dendy, 1905: 163</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. XL fig. 1;
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<treatmentCitation id="3F1810A0FF60FF0557ECFA6E5313C8F7" author="Burton, M." box="[720,889,1482,1507]" page="26" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" year="1937">
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<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF60FF0557ECFA6E5313C8F7" author="Burton, M." box="[720,889,1482,1507]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" refId="ref128605" refString="Burton, M. (1937) Supplement to the Littoral Fauna of Krusadai Island in the Gulf of Manaar. Porifera. Bulletin of the Madras Government Museum, New Series, Natural History Section, 1 (2, part 4), 1 - 58, pls. I-IX." type="book" year="1937">Burton 1937: 26</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. II fig. 7.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF60FF0555ABFA4C5349CB14" blockId="165.[151,1014,1452,1537]" box="[151,803,1513,1537]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="9EA9119FFF60FF0555ABFA4C5349CB14" box="[151,803,1513,1537]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF60FF0555ABFA4C518ACB14" ID-CoL="855RC" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[151,480,1513,1537]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bidentata" subGenus="Paresperella">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF60FF0555ABFA4C518ACB14" box="[151,480,1513,1537]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Mycale (Paresperella) bidentata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="3F1810A0FF60FF0554D1FA4F5375CB14" author="Van Soest, R. W. M. & Hajdu, E." box="[493,799,1513,1537]" page="684" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF60FF0554D1FA4F5375CB14" author="Van Soest, R. W. M. & Hajdu, E." box="[493,799,1513,1537]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="1905" refId="ref137824" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M. & Hajdu, E. (2002) Family Mycalidae Lundbeck, 1905. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Vol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow, pp. 669 - 690. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5" type="book chapter" year="2002">Van Soest & Hajdu 2002: 684</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF60FF0555ABF98F5113CB51" bold="true" box="[151,377,1578,1604]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF60FF0554BBF98F5561CB51" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466769" box="[391,1291,1578,1605]" collectingDate="1902-12-03" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Indonesia" location="Indonesia" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" specimenCode="ZMB 3151" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCode id="EE1F9ECAFF60FF0554CBF98E521FCB50" box="[503,629,1578,1605]" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="Museum">ZMB 3151</specimenCode>
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,
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, Ternate, coll. W. K̹kenthal,
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<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF60FF055100F98F556CCB51" box="[1084,1286,1578,1604]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" value="1902-12-03">3 December 1902</collectingDate>
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</date>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF60FF0555FBF9EB53A1CBEC" blockId="165.[151,1437,1578,2036]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF60FF0555FBF9EB5129CB98" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466392" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="SW Salayar" country="Indonesia" elevation="13" latitude="-6.45" location="South East" longLatPrecision="782" longitude="120.43" municipality="Por." pageId="165" pageNumber="166" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF60FF0555FBF9EB516ECB7D" box="[199,260,1614,1640]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">ZMA</collectionCode>
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<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF60FF055430F9EA5153CB7C" box="[268,313,1615,1641]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Por.</collectingMunicipality>
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08958,
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,
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,
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, reef
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,
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, depth
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<elevation id="3594D182FF60FF0555E1F9D75129CB98" box="[221,323,1650,1677]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF60FF055473F9D751C5CB99" box="[335,431,1650,1676]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF60FF0554CFF9D65393CB99" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466399" box="[499,1017,1650,1677]" collectionCode="R" collectorName="W. M. van Soest & Indonesian-Dutch Snellius" country="Indonesia" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF60FF0554CFF9D65262CB98" box="[499,520,1651,1677]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF60FF055730F9D652A8CB99" box="[524,706,1650,1677]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">W.M. van Soest</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF60FF0557F3F9D75393CB99" box="[719,1017,1650,1676]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Indonesian-Dutch Snellius</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF60FF05513DF9D655F9CB99" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466717" box="[1025,1427,1650,1677]" collectionCode="II" collectorName="Expedition" country="Indonesia" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF60FF05513DF9D6547ECB98" box="[1025,1044,1651,1677]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">II</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF60FF055127F9D754FCCB99" box="[1051,1174,1650,1676]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Expedition</collectorName>
|
||
stat. 169, field nr. 169
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
/
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF60FF0555ABF93352CDCBA4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466419" box="[151,679,1686,1713]" collectingDate="1984-09-30" collectionCode="IV" country="Indonesia" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" specimenCode="IV/29" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
||
<specimenCode id="EE1F9ECAFF60FF0555ABF93350B1CBA5" box="[151,219,1686,1712]" collectionCode="IV" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">IV/29</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="CA071071FF60FF0555D4F93351ACCBA5" box="[232,454,1686,1712]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" value="1984-09-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF60FF0555D4F93351ACCBA5" box="[232,454,1686,1712]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" value="1984-09-30">30 September 1984</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(live color yellow)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF60FF055788F9335298CBC0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466817" collectionCode="ZMA" country="Seychelles" county="Por." elevation="5" latitude="-7.0833" location="St. Francois Atoll" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="52.7333" municipality="Amirantes" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF60FF055788F933529BCBA5" box="[692,753,1686,1712]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="57674E3DFF60FF0557C6F932534DCBA4" box="[762,807,1687,1713]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Por.</collectingCounty>
|
||
12447,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF60FF0556B9F933546ACBA5" box="[901,1024,1686,1712]" name="Seychelles" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF60FF055130F93354EECBA5" box="[1036,1156,1686,1712]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Amirantes</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="BB66606AFF60FF0551ACF9335531CBA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF60FF0855ABFAED541DC968:BB66606AFF60FF0551ACF9335531CBA5" box="[1168,1371,1686,1712]" country="Seychelles" county="Por." latitude="-7.0833" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="52.7333" municipality="Amirantes" name="St. Francois Atoll" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">St. François Atoll</location>
|
||
, west rim,
|
||
<location id="BB66606AFF60FF0555F0F919513CCBC1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF60FF0855ABFAED541DC968:BB66606AFF60FF0555F0F919513CCBC1" box="[204,342,1722,1751]" country="Seychelles" county="Por." latitude="-7.0833" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="52.7333" municipality="Amirantes" name="Ile Bijoutier" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Île Bijoutier</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF60FF05545DF91F51A3CBC1" box="[353,457,1722,1748]" degrees="7.0833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" precision="5" value="-7.0833">7.0833°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF60FF0554ECF91F5220CBC0" box="[464,586,1722,1749]" degrees="52.7333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" precision="5" value="52.7333">52.7333°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF60FF0557A7F91F5298CBC0" box="[667,754,1722,1749]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="m" value="5.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="0.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3594D182FF60FF0557A7F91F5298CBC0" box="[667,754,1722,1749]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="m" value="5.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="0.0">0–10 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF60FF0557C2F91F53ACCBEC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466612" collectingDate="1993-01-04" collectorName="J. C. den Hartog" country="Netherlands" location="Indian Ocean Expedition" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" specimenCount="1">
|
||
snorkeling, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF60FF055686F91F5407CBC0" box="[954,1133,1722,1749]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">J.C. den Hartog</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF60FF055144F91F5495CBC1" box="[1144,1279,1722,1748]" name="Netherlands" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
<location id="BB66606AFF60FF05503AF91F5178CBED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF60FF0855ABFAED541DC968:BB66606AFF60FF05503AF91F5178CBED" country="Netherlands" name="Indian Ocean Expedition" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Indian Ocean Expedition</location>
|
||
stat. 792, field nr. IOP-E 792(bis)/28,
|
||
<date id="CA071071FF60FF0557FEF97B5307CBED" box="[706,877,1758,1785]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" value="1993-01-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF60FF0557FEF97B5307CBED" box="[706,877,1758,1785]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" value="1993-01-04">4 January 1993</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(beige)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF60FF0855FBF8A7527BCC08" lastPageId="168" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF60FF0555FBF8A751C0CAE1" blockId="165.[151,1437,1578,2036]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF60FF0555FBF8A7513BCA09" bold="true" box="[199,337,1794,1820]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="61028813FF60FF0554ADF8A75199CA09" box="[401,499,1794,1820]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF60FF05573EF8A75204CA09" box="[514,622,1794,1820]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-227@166.[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 108. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, a, preserved holotype ZMB 3151 from Ternate, Indonesia, a1–c, habitus and skeleton of ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, a1, habitus of preserved sponge (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the choanosomal skeleton, c, light microscopic image of the ectosomal skeleton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451197/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Fig. 108a</figureCitation>
|
||
) is a spiky mass of 2 x 1.5 x
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF60FF05568FF8A75468CA08" box="[947,1026,1794,1821]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
, dark brown colored in preservation. It appears to have grown upon an unidentified ramose invertebrate, possibly a hydroid or bryozoan. The
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF60FF055018F88355F6CA55" box="[1316,1436,1830,1856]" name="Seychelles" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF60FF05542CF8EF51EACA71" box="[272,384,1866,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-227@166.[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 108. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, a, preserved holotype ZMB 3151 from Ternate, Indonesia, a1–c, habitus and skeleton of ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, a1, habitus of preserved sponge (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the choanosomal skeleton, c, light microscopic image of the ectosomal skeleton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451197/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Fig. 108a</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF60FF0554BCF8EF51E0CA71" box="[384,394,1866,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">1</figureCitation>
|
||
) is a spiny, globular mass of beige color in life, lighter colored in preservation. Size 3.5 x 3.5 x
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF60FF055591F8CB5097CA9C" box="[173,253,1902,1929]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
. Surface is flaky, irregular, without larger openings. The sponge grows between the branches of a ramose bryozoan and the composite specimen is compressible. The Indonesian specimen is tiny, encrusting on a piece of coral debris, sharing it with several other species, apparently yellowish colored in life. Very little material was retrieved from the sample.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF63FF0655FBFF3351FCCCB8" blockId="166.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF63FF0655FBFF335144CDA5" bold="true" box="[199,302,150,176]" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065403FF3251CECDA7" box="[319,420,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-227@166.[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 108. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, a, preserved holotype ZMB 3151 from Ternate, Indonesia, a1–c, habitus and skeleton of ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, a1, habitus of preserved sponge (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the choanosomal skeleton, c, light microscopic image of the ectosomal skeleton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451197/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Figs 108</figureCitation>
|
||
b–c). The main skeleton of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF63FF065631FF3253EFCDA4" box="[781,901,151,177]" name="Seychelles" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen is carried by the branches of the ramose bryozoan and also some included masses of sand grains. The choanosomal skeleton (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065198FF1E5579CDC3" box="[1188,1299,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-227@166.[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 108. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, a, preserved holotype ZMB 3151 from Ternate, Indonesia, a1–c, habitus and skeleton of ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, a1, habitus of preserved sponge (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the choanosomal skeleton, c, light microscopic image of the ectosomal skeleton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451197/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Fig. 108b</figureCitation>
|
||
) consists of anastomosed spongin fibres cored by single or bundles of megascleres, in places the fibres are also filled with sand grains. The surface skeleton (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF0654E2FEA65222CC08" box="[478,584,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-227@166.[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 108. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, a, preserved holotype ZMB 3151 from Ternate, Indonesia, a1–c, habitus and skeleton of ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, a1, habitus of preserved sponge (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the choanosomal skeleton, c, light microscopic image of the ectosomal skeleton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451197/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Fig. 108c</figureCitation>
|
||
) is free from foreign materials and also lacks spongin. It is an irregular layer of intercrossing single megascleres (reminding of subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF63FF065601FE8253E5CC54" authorityName="Van & Aryasari & De" authorityYear="2021" box="[829,911,295,321]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="166" pageNumber="167" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF63FF065601FE8253E5CC54" box="[829,911,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Mycale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) mixed with numerous rosettes of anisochelae I. The Indonesian specimen, contained in a thick section slide along with other sponge material, consists of thin spicule tracts connecting sand grains, with loose spicules and rosettes of anisochelae superimposed. Rosettes are
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF63FF0655ABFE375160CCB8" box="[151,266,402,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="166" pageNumber="167" unit="mm" value="65.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="50.0">50–80 µm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF63FF0655FBFE13540FCCC4" blockId="166.[151,1437,150,609]" box="[199,1125,438,465]" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF63FF0655FBFE135143CCC5" bold="true" box="[199,297,438,464]" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065404FE1251F6CCC4" box="[312,412,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-19@167.[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 109. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, SEM images of the spicules, a, cladostyle like mycalostyle, a1, details of the mycalostyle, a2–a6, variation in polyaxone ending of mycalostyles, a2, two-teethed, a3, one-toothed, a4, three-teethed, a5, multiple-teethed, a6, suppressed teeths, b, anisochela, c, serrated sigma, c1, detail of serrated sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451199/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Figs 109</figureCitation>
|
||
a–c). Mycalostyles, one category of anisochelae, one of sigmas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF63FF0655FBFE7E5385CF74" blockId="166.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">
|
||
Mycalostyles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065450FE7E5199CCE3" box="[364,499,475,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-19@167.[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 109. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, SEM images of the spicules, a, cladostyle like mycalostyle, a1, details of the mycalostyle, a2–a6, variation in polyaxone ending of mycalostyles, a2, two-teethed, a3, one-toothed, a4, three-teethed, a5, multiple-teethed, a6, suppressed teeths, b, anisochela, c, serrated sigma, c1, detail of serrated sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451199/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Figs 109a,a</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF0654CFFE7E5271CCE3" box="[499,539,475,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">1–a</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065727FE7E5240CCE3" box="[539,554,475,502]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1713]" captionTargetId="figure-71@16.[151,1435,273,1713]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Mycale (Aegogropila) orientalis (Topsent, 1897), ZMA Por. 17254 from Oman (with photo from slide of ZMA Por. 17025 from Oman, fig. b), a, habitus, encrusting (arrow) a dead oyster shell (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopical view of ectosomal skeleton of ZMA Por. 17025 from Oman, c–i, SEM images of spicules of ZMA Por. 17254, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I in front view, e, robust anisochela II in front view, f, anisochela III in front view (all anisochelae in same magnification), g, robust sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450944/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">6</figureCitation>
|
||
), ‘cladotylostyle’-like (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF63FF065662FE7E539ACCE0" author="Thiele, J." box="[862,1008,475,501]" pageId="166" pageNumber="167" pagination="933 - 968" refId="ref136517" refString="Thiele, J. (1903) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. II. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 25, 933 - 968, pl. XVIII." type="journal article" year="1903">Thiele, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 950), with one end with elongated head and constricted neck, the opposite end polyaxone (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065636FE5A5311CF0C" box="[778,891,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-19@167.[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 109. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, SEM images of the spicules, a, cladostyle like mycalostyle, a1, details of the mycalostyle, a2–a6, variation in polyaxone ending of mycalostyles, a2, two-teethed, a3, one-toothed, a4, three-teethed, a5, multiple-teethed, a6, suppressed teeths, b, anisochela, c, serrated sigma, c1, detail of serrated sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451199/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Fig. 109a</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065647FE5A53EFCF0C" box="[891,901,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), with one (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065137FE5A5410CF0C" box="[1035,1146,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-19@167.[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 109. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, SEM images of the spicules, a, cladostyle like mycalostyle, a1, details of the mycalostyle, a2–a6, variation in polyaxone ending of mycalostyles, a2, two-teethed, a3, one-toothed, a4, three-teethed, a5, multiple-teethed, a6, suppressed teeths, b, anisochela, c, serrated sigma, c1, detail of serrated sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451199/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Fig. 109a</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065146FE5A54EDCF0C" box="[1146,1159,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-69@11.[151,1435,309,1835]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Mycale (Aegogropila) gravelyi Burton, 1937, ZMA Por. 08199 from Ambon Bay, Indonesia, a–e, SEM images of spicules, a, mycalostyle, a1, details of mycalostyle, b, anisochela I in front view, c, anisochela II, d, anisochela III, e, sigma I, f–f1, light microscopic images of ectosomal skeleton, f, overview showing aegogropila-type tangential skeleton, f1, detail showing rosettes of anisochelae I, sigmas, and anisochela II (arrow)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450938/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">3</figureCitation>
|
||
), two (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF0651E8FE5A5528CF0C" box="[1236,1346,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-19@167.[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 109. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, SEM images of the spicules, a, cladostyle like mycalostyle, a1, details of the mycalostyle, a2–a6, variation in polyaxone ending of mycalostyles, a2, two-teethed, a3, one-toothed, a4, three-teethed, a5, multiple-teethed, a6, suppressed teeths, b, anisochela, c, serrated sigma, c1, detail of serrated sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451199/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Fig. 109a</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF06507EFE5A553BCF0C" box="[1346,1361,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mycale (Aegogropila) gravelyi Burton, 1937, ZMA Por. 07864 from Ambon Bay, Indonesia, a, habitus encrusting on coral rubble (arrows) (scale bar = 1 cm), b–f, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela I in side view, d, anisochela II, d1, anisochela II enlarged, e, anisochela III, e1, anisochela III enlarged, f, sigma I." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450934/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">2</figureCitation>
|
||
), three (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF06559CFD865166CF28" box="[160,268,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-227@166.[151,1435,633,1922]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 108. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, a, preserved holotype ZMB 3151 from Ternate, Indonesia, a1–c, habitus and skeleton of ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, a1, habitus of preserved sponge (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the choanosomal skeleton, c, light microscopic image of the ectosomal skeleton." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451197/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Fig. 108a</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065430FD865171CF28" box="[268,283,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1861,1885]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-26@14.[158,1430,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Mycale (Aegogropila) orientalis (Topsent, 1897), ZMA Por. 01604 from Indonesia (with photo from slide of type specimen MHNG C12/4, fig. b), a, pseudo-ramose habitus, in reality encrusting a dead octocoral (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopical view of ectosomal skeleton of holotype MNG C12/4 from Ambon Bay, c–i, SEM images of spicules of ZMA 01604, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I in front view, e, anisochela II in front view, f, anisochela III in side view (all anisochelae in same magnification), g, robust sigma I, g1, thin form of sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxas of various sizes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450940/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">4</figureCitation>
|
||
) or multiple (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF06548BFD86524ECF28" box="[439,548,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-19@167.[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 109. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, SEM images of the spicules, a, cladostyle like mycalostyle, a1, details of the mycalostyle, a2–a6, variation in polyaxone ending of mycalostyles, a2, two-teethed, a3, one-toothed, a4, three-teethed, a5, multiple-teethed, a6, suppressed teeths, b, anisochela, c, serrated sigma, c1, detail of serrated sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451199/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Fig. 109a</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065718FD87525BCF28" box="[548,561,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1407,1431]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,181,1382]" captionTargetId="figure-19@15.[156,1432,181,1382]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Mycale (Aegogropila) orientalis (Topsent, 1897), ZMA Por. 01612 from Indonesia, a, habitus encrusting coral rubble (scale bar = 1 cm), b–h, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela I in side view, d, anisochela II in side view, d1, anisochela II in back view (compare with anisochelae II of M. (A.) sulevoidea), e, anisochela III in side view (all anisochelae in same magnification), f, robust sigma I, g, sigma II, h, toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450942/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">5</figureCitation>
|
||
) bluntly or sharply pointed “teeth’, occasionally without (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF0651FEFD865545CF2B" box="[1218,1327,547,574]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-19@167.[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 109. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, SEM images of the spicules, a, cladostyle like mycalostyle, a1, details of the mycalostyle, a2–a6, variation in polyaxone ending of mycalostyles, a2, two-teethed, a3, one-toothed, a4, three-teethed, a5, multiple-teethed, a6, suppressed teeths, b, anisochela, c, serrated sigma, c1, detail of serrated sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451199/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Fig. 109a</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF63FF065012FD865556CF2B" box="[1326,1340,547,574]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1713]" captionTargetId="figure-71@16.[151,1435,273,1713]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Mycale (Aegogropila) orientalis (Topsent, 1897), ZMA Por. 17254 from Oman (with photo from slide of ZMA Por. 17025 from Oman, fig. b), a, habitus, encrusting (arrow) a dead oyster shell (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopical view of ectosomal skeleton of ZMA Por. 17025 from Oman, c–i, SEM images of spicules of ZMA Por. 17254, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I in front view, e, robust anisochela II in front view, f, anisochela III in front view (all anisochelae in same magnification), g, robust sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450944/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">6</figureCitation>
|
||
) ‘teeth’, but two-teethed forms are the most common, 183–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF63FF0657F1FDE35366CF75" box="[717,780,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">290.6</emphasis>
|
||
–378 x 2–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF63FF065640FDE253F5CF74" box="[892,927,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">4.3</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF63FF065692FDE25381CF74" box="[942,1003,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="166" pageNumber="167" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="EAC66639FF63FF0655ABF83F549CCAEF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451197" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4451197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451197/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167" startId="166.[151,250,1946,1970]" targetBox="[151,1435,633,1922]" targetPageId="166">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF63FF0655ABF83F549CCAEF" blockId="166.[151,1436,1946,2042]" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF63FF0655ABF83F5143CAA7" bold="true" box="[151,297,1946,1970]" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">FIGURE 108</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF63FF065404F83F5345CAA7" authority="Thiele, 1903" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1903" box="[312,815,1946,1970]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="166" pageNumber="167" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="moluccensis" subGenus="Paresperella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF63FF065404F83F52C8CAA7" box="[312,674,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF63FF065796F83F5345CAA7" author="Thiele, J." box="[682,815,1946,1970]" pageId="166" pageNumber="167" pagination="933 - 968" refId="ref136517" refString="Thiele, J. (1903) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. II. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 25, 933 - 968, pl. XVIII." type="journal article" year="1903">Thiele, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a, preserved holotype ZMB 3151 from Ternate, Indonesia, a1–c, habitus and skeleton of ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, a1, habitus of preserved sponge (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of the choanosomal skeleton, c, light microscopic image of the ectosomal skeleton.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="EAC66639FF62FF0755ABF8E151DACADD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451199" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4451199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451199/files/figure.png" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" startId="167.[151,250,1860,1884]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1836]" targetPageId="167">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF62FF0755ABF8E151DACADD" blockId="167.[151,1436,1860,1992]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF62FF0755ABF8E1514CCA49" bold="true" box="[151,294,1860,1884]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">FIGURE 109</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF62FF07540EF8E15375CA49" authority="Thiele, 1903" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1903" box="[306,799,1860,1884]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="moluccensis" subGenus="Paresperella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF62FF07540EF8E152FDCA49" box="[306,663,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF62FF0757A1F8E15375CA49" author="Thiele, J." box="[669,799,1860,1884]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" pagination="933 - 968" refId="ref136517" refString="Thiele, J. (1903) Kieselschwamme von Ternate. II. Abhandlungen herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 25, 933 - 968, pl. XVIII." type="journal article" year="1903">Thiele, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, SEM images of the spicules, a, cladostyle like mycalostyle, a1, details of the mycalostyle, a2–a6, variation in polyaxone ending of mycalostyles, a2, two-teethed, a3, one-toothed, a4, three-teethed, a5, multiple-teethed, a6, suppressed teeths, b, anisochela, c, serrated sigma, c1, detail of serrated sigma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBFF325413CDC0" blockId="168.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Anisochelae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF08545EFF3251B8CDA7" box="[354,466,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-19@167.[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 109. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, SEM images of the spicules, a, cladostyle like mycalostyle, a1, details of the mycalostyle, a2–a6, variation in polyaxone ending of mycalostyles, a2, two-teethed, a3, one-toothed, a4, three-teethed, a5, multiple-teethed, a6, suppressed teeths, b, anisochela, c, serrated sigma, c1, detail of serrated sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451199/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Fig. 109b</figureCitation>
|
||
), shaft curved and free part 35–40% of spicule length, with well-developed upper and lower alae, upper median alae comparatively short and curved outward, 22–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0856D6FF1F5471CDC1" box="[1002,1051,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">29.6</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF085115FF1E541FCDC0" box="[1065,1141,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="34.0">34 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBFF7A527BCC08" blockId="168.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Sigmas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF085414FF7A51DBCDEC" box="[296,433,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-19@167.[151,1435,181,1836]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 109. Mycale (Paresperella) moluccensis Thiele, 1903, ZMA Por. 12447 from Amirantes, Seychelles, SEM images of the spicules, a, cladostyle like mycalostyle, a1, details of the mycalostyle, a2–a6, variation in polyaxone ending of mycalostyles, a2, two-teethed, a3, one-toothed, a4, three-teethed, a5, multiple-teethed, a6, suppressed teeths, b, anisochela, c, serrated sigma, c1, detail of serrated sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451199" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451199/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Figs 109c,c</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF08548CFF7A51D0CDEC" box="[432,442,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), comparatively narrow-shaped, asymmetrical, thickness
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF085100FF7B54C0CDEC" box="[1084,1194,222,249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
, with flattened spines on both endings, 51–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0854BEFEA751D9CC09" box="[386,435,258,284]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">65.8</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF0854FEFEA65267CC08" box="[450,525,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="87.0">87 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF6DFF0855FBFE8354A3CC54" box="[199,1225,294,321]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBFE8354A3CC54" blockId="168.[151,1437,150,1149]" box="[199,1225,294,321]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0855FBFE835184CC54" bold="true" box="[199,494,294,321]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF6DFF0854C7FE825201CC54" box="[507,619,295,321]" name="Indonesia" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF6DFF08574AFE82529BCC54" box="[630,753,295,321]" name="Seychelles" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF6DFF0857C0FE825307CC54" box="[764,877,295,321]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF6DFF08564BFE8253D9CC54" box="[887,947,295,321]" name="India" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, on reefs, down to
|
||
<specimenCount id="A8BFFD38FF6DFF0851B4FE8354A3CC54" box="[1160,1225,294,321]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF0851B4FE8354AECC54" box="[1160,1220,294,321]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF6DFF0855FBFEEE541DC968" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBFEEE5274CE2C" blockId="168.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0855FBFEEE515ECC70" bold="true" box="[199,308,331,357]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The conspecificity of Thiele’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF0857A2FEEE53EBCC70" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1903" box="[670,897,331,357]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="moluccensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0857A2FEEE53EBCC70" box="[670,897,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Mycale moluccensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Dendy’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF08511CFEEE554BCC70" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1905" box="[1056,1313,331,357]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Paresperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bidentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF08511CFEEE554BCC70" box="[1056,1313,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Paresperella bidentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is obvious from the comparison of the spicule
|
||
<typeStatus id="61028813FF6DFF08571BFECA520FCC9C" box="[551,613,367,393]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, shapes and measurements. Thiele mentions spongin-encased megasclere tracts like they occur in our
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF6DFF0854F0FE36522ECCB8" box="[460,580,403,429]" name="Seychelles" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen, and he mentions 2–3 spines on the ending of the megascleres. The spiculation of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="61028813FF6DFF085458FE1251FECCC4" box="[356,404,439,465]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen, Dendy’s and Burton’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF08562FFE125317CCC4" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1905" box="[787,893,439,465]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Paresperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bidentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF08562FFE125317CCC4" box="[787,893,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">bidentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
material and ours is basically similar. This synonymy was already proposed by Halmann (1914) (p. 411) in his discussion of the properties of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF085192FE7E51FECF0C" authority="Von Lendenfeld, 1888" authorityName="Von Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1888" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Esperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="penicillium">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF085192FE7E55F6CCE0" box="[1198,1436,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Esperella penicillium</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF6DFF0855ABFE5A51FECF0C" author="Von Lendenfeld, R." box="[151,404,511,537]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" refId="ref138226" refString="Von Lendenfeld, R. (1888) Descriptive Catalogue of the Sponges in the Australian Museum, Sidney. Taylor & Francis, London, xiv + 260 pp., 12 pls." type="book" year="1888">Von Lendenfeld, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This latter species from the SE coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF6DFF08565CFE5A53ADCF0C" box="[864,967,511,537]" name="Australia" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
is close to the present species, but differs in possessing two size categories of anisochelae (I:
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF0857D9FD865321CF28" box="[741,843,547,573]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="m" value="36.5" valueMax="39.0" valueMin="34.0">34–39 m</quantity>
|
||
, II:
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF085640FD875463CF28" box="[892,1033,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.025" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="20.25" valueMax="22.5" valueMin="18.0">18–22.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
). Its megascleres measure 325–410 x
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF085593FDE25085CF74" box="[175,239,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 µm</quantity>
|
||
, clearly in excess of measurements of the present species. Junior synonyms, according to Hallmann are West Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF08546FFDCE53E9CF90" authority="Hentschel, 1911" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1911" box="[339,899,619,645]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="moluccensis" variety="dichela">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF08546FFDCE525DCF90" box="[339,567,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Mycale moluccensis</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF08574DFDCE52A9CF90" box="[625,707,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">dichela</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF6DFF0857F0FDCE53E9CF90" author="Hentschel, E." box="[716,899,619,645]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" pagination="279 - 393" refId="ref132351" refString="Hentschel, E. (1911) Tetraxonida. 2. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna S ʾ dwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger s ʾ dwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. 3 (6 - 10). Fischer, Jena, pp. 279 - 393." type="book chapter" year="1911">Hentschel, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and South East Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF085187FDCE510BCFBC" authority="Whitelegge, 1907" authorityName="Whitelegge" authorityYear="1907" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Paresperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="repens">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF085187FDCE55F7CF91" box="[1211,1437,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Paresperella repens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF6DFF0855ABFD2A510BCFBC" author="Whitelegge, T." box="[151,353,655,681]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" pagination="487 - 515" refId="ref138618" refString="Whitelegge, T. (1907) Sponges. Part I. - Addenda. Part II. Monaxonida continued. In: Scientific Results of the Trawling Expedition of H. M. C. S. ' Thetis' off the Coast of New South Wales in February and March, 1898. Memoirs of the Australian Museum, 4 (10), pp. 487 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1967.4.1907.1506" type="journal article" year="1907">Whitelegge, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We believe Hallmann’s conclusion is correct. We attempted to confirm the identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF08500CFD2A55FCCFBD" authorityName="Whitelegge" authorityYear="1907" box="[1328,1430,655,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Paresperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="repens">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF08500CFD2A55FCCFBD" box="[1328,1430,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">P. repens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but a fragment (obtained by Eduardo Hajdu and donated to the ZMA collection) studied by us appeared to consist only of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF0855D0FD7252B8CFE7" authority="(Whitelegge, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Whitelegge" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[236,722,727,754]" class="Demospongiae" family="Myxillidae" genus="Myxilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fusca" subGenus="Myxilla">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0855D0FD72519BCFE4" box="[236,497,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Myxilla (Myxilla) fusca</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF6DFF0854C3FD7252A1CFE7" author="Whitelegge, T." box="[511,715,727,754]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" pagination="453 - 484" refId="ref138534" refString="Whitelegge, T. (1906) Sponges. Part 1. Monaxonida, Ridley and Dendy. In: Scientific Results of the Trawling Expedition of H. M. C. S. ' Thetis' off the Coast of New South Wales in February and March, 1898. Memoirs of the Australian Museum, 4 (9), 453 - 484, pls. XLIII-XLIV. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1967.4.1906.1505" type="journal article" year="1906">Whitelegge, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the sponge upon which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF0856DFFD725412CFE5" authorityName="Whitelegge" authorityYear="1907" box="[995,1144,727,753]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Paresperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="repens" subGenus="Paresperella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0856DFFD725412CFE5" box="[995,1144,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">M.(P.) repens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was observed to grow (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF6DFF0855ABFD5E51F8CE00" author="Whitelegge, T." box="[151,402,763,789]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" pagination="487 - 515" refId="ref138618" refString="Whitelegge, T. (1907) Sponges. Part I. - Addenda. Part II. Monaxonida continued. In: Scientific Results of the Trawling Expedition of H. M. C. S. ' Thetis' off the Coast of New South Wales in February and March, 1898. Memoirs of the Australian Museum, 4 (10), pp. 487 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1967.4.1907.1506" type="journal article" year="1907">Whitelegge 1907: 487</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). No
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF0854F0FD5E5274CE00" authorityName="Van & Aryasari & De" authorityYear="2021" box="[460,542,763,789]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0854F0FD5E5274CE00" box="[460,542,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Mycale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spicules were found in the fragment. It was apparently small and quite localized, and was missed when subsampled.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBFCE65407CEB0" blockId="168.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">The present species appears to be a typical consolidating sponge, making use of rubble and dead coral material to reach an above-substratum mass without building too much skeletal support itself. This would explain the rather large divergence in skeletal properties described in the various specimens known so far.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBFC0A5127C904" blockId="168.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
The morphological diversity of endings of the mycalostyles was already observed with hesitation by Dendy in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="61028813FF6DFF0855FEFC765098CEF8" box="[194,242,979,1005]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF0854B1FC7652E4CEF8" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1905" box="[397,654,979,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Paresperella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bidentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0854B1FC7652E4CEF8" box="[397,654,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Paresperella bidentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. SEM observations show that the diversity is even greater than indicated by Dendy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBFBBE541DC968" blockId="168.[151,1437,150,1149]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Possibly, there is regional difference in some of the spicule sizes found in the present species. Our
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF6DFF085013FBBE55F6C920" box="[1327,1436,1051,1077]" name="Indonesia" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen has megascleres 183–273 x
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF08577FFB9A52F6C94C" box="[579,668,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 µm</quantity>
|
||
, the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF6DFF0857EDFB9A5323C94C" box="[721,841,1087,1113]" name="Seychelles" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen 276–378 x
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF085103FB9B54C7C94C" box="[1087,1197,1086,1113]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–7 µm</quantity>
|
||
, sigmas were respectively
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF0855E2FBC6513BC968" box="[222,337,1123,1149]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" metricValueMax="8.4" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="72.0" valueMax="84.0" valueMin="60.0">60–84 µm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF0854BBFBC75197C968" box="[391,509,1122,1149]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="64.0" valueMin="56.0">56–64 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Future comparisons are necessary to confirm this trend.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |