240 lines
24 KiB
XML
240 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="3A6FA55F8A7A95F40798D14EC6DA24C5" ID-DOI="10.3161/1733-5329(2005)7[205:AROTGM]2.0.CO;2" ID-ISSN="1733-5329" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3942897" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1594697645708" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Bates, Paul J. J., Nwe, Tin, Bu, Si Si Hla, Mie, Khin Mie, Swe, Khin Maung, Nyo, Nyo, Khaing, Aye Aye, Aye, Nu Nu, Toke, Yin Yin, Aung, Naing Naing, Thi, Mar Mar & Mackie, Iain" docDate="2005" docId="03B2593FDE44FFFCFF4DEE27FCC1FA26" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaChiropterologica.7.2.205-236.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Acta Chiropterologica 7 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D17EC282BABB8B0847763DCC9F0C3514.3:ActaChiropterol.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="D17EC282BABB8B0847763DCC9F0C3514" docStyleName="ActaChiropterol.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pipistrellus pulveratus" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="226" masterDocId="FF8B2147DE51FFE9FFB3EF1BFFDEFFDE" masterDocTitle="A review of the genera Myotis, Ia, Pipistrellus, Hypsugo, and Arielulus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Myanmar (Burma), including three species new to the country" masterLastPageNumber="236" masterPageNumber="205" pageNumber="226" updateTime="1698780184326" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="0A1890B119E6902854BFEFD0814B98CE">A review of the genera Myotis, Ia, Pipistrellus, Hypsugo, and Arielulus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Myanmar (Burma), including three species new to the country</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="04132ADEAB8272D960350B788CE5A6F0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="24A328F5C0007403E5FAC39347611C00">Bates, Paul J. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C5707C5ADD011C0953A50BC893895DBD">Harrison Institute Centre for Systematics and Biodiversity Research Bowerwood House St Botolph’s Road Sevenoaks Kent TN 13 3 AQ Great Britain; E-mail: hzm @ btinternet. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F1CB905DA1FA82E69712D0DDB1F00400" type="email">hzm@btinternet.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="EB340D03E0181FE9C931EAE0BA8B202C">Nwe, Tin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B0D6EB753D5E8F2EA46021F7562C9F29">Department of Zoology University of Yangon Yangon Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="269C87D2149CDB8D983ADA15E7B14975">Bu, Si Si Hla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F6B9F74ED3050267143A0646E2F4381E">Department of Zoology University of Yangon Yangon Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="DE301F47B77A8DC7A86B644ECB72ED29" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F10CBCE29FC82F4858A972FC62FCD112">Mie, Khin Mie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5F4AA02C29CF141E20B7F8331034918C">Department of Zoology University of Yangon Yangon Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="9956FE14A155F05FABF5A825DB46ED90">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="623934F5B761EF082E64509B3AFB6EDE">Swe, Khin Maung</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="05506E31F37CC67288323D4C6F429818">Department of Zoology University of Yangon Yangon Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6ABC88CD8157DD38F87E1264F3CA5F07">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9218B6647FA41202EB532F45B876A168">Nyo, Nyo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="645E181A410FF81A9A43BCC7B5A5DC6B">Zoology Department University of Veterinary Science Yezin Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8ED33602EC2C498DFEC36F7FE6406C67" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="81376F69EE517230E83C3E3DF5E0F521">Khaing, Aye Aye</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9BBF91BD4FF4C87B96D6A24CC105C179">Department of Zoology University of Yangon Yangon Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="568CD0E0B93304EE12C22AAB336A72A2" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="6D24675C16E5BC6929CF9F41DD8F056E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C44A1C3FD8BC506576FDD404C77AA774">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8D4CEC3349D20112E55C862A41D00F8C">Aye, Nu Nu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="407F5FF5494FA8741C8D4759E1B26B4C">Department of Zoology University of Yangon Yangon Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="17291A76F42B0E146AE0143E1CC4E94F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D68161D7434EA1A0AAA2A48C9D4480E3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1105BF74370DB18630F6CBA9C308BFC1">Toke, Yin Yin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6DE783E71024D4E7B8DDA9BA7091C106">Department of Zoology Dawei University Tanintharyi Division Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="635DE7C281405D9862046A76A0A233BF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C62271F819F8463C736E2E9A591846DD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EF7C6C416B5ED88F47504186EBBABBE6">Aung, Naing Naing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CCFFBFBE8627823009A6E9FA746EC2DE">Department of Zoology Hinthida University Ayeyarwady Division Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2F6CC70FD2744D709BF702F3DCBFC543" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="913630AD3514339BBD3E266A4FE163C2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="74CEB08603AE715E1CBAB265A92DC16F">Thi, Mar Mar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DCE24F59C260B20A4521E8B821FD0B36">Zoology Department, University of Distance Education, Yangon, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="C71FF41F7B87717A4D43829A456D768E" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="26B3C76234C3831147B385E5E3E28443">Mackie, Iain</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DEFE6F869003879C6A6F1E3C50F49033">Harrison Institute, Centre for Systematics and Biodiversity Research, Bowerwood House, St Botolph’s Road, Sevenoaks, Kent TN 13 3 AQ, Great Britain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="EEC863BA224AA6E1BB6984B6AFBD6D5C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="533294DA855560DD19D58AF3EDBCF71E">
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<mods:title id="D9289B228430E0DD4E37298AD3D13726">Acta Chiropterologica</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="6B8A36C02F23EFA3D22433D99823A15F">
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<mods:date id="ABEC1CEA973F3595692DE02B96B9AB3C">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B4B3B10792D9FF8A01D68BC609D56F26">2005-09-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DBC95292BC169CF75394BADBA16AAB35">7</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E336772ADA79E6095AE37D1E5BCA488B">205</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="68ED3509D5B9ABE5B8C699096DE980B7">236</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="93FB4D90059FA1B933F376718A584F5C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D17C196D65CC1D6EE105BF9666C7C648" type="DOI">10.3161/1733-5329(2005)7[205:AROTGM]2.0.CO;2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="19ACF7911D721E915D10C5B56DB879FB" type="ISSN">1733-5329</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9009D45904BC2F087D9BFAF5DA106BA1" type="Zenodo-Dep">3942897</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B2593FDE44FFFCFF4DEE27FCC1FA26" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4335738" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4335738" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2593FDE44FFFCFF4DEE27FCC1FA26" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2593FDE44FFFCFF4DEE27FCC1FA26" lastPageNumber="226" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
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<subSubSection id="C301BBA2DE44FFFCFF4DEE27FDD7FE88" box="[254,521,316,342]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFF4DEE27FDD7FE88" blockId="21.[130,646,316,1730]" box="[254,521,316,342]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
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<heading id="D0EC5F45DE44FFFCFF4DEE27FDD7FE88" box="[254,521,316,342]" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B93AADE44FFFCFF4DEE27FDD7FE88" ID-CoL="4J6LH" box="[254,521,316,342]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulveratus">
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<emphasis id="B96F343BDE44FFFCFF4DEE27FDD7FE88" box="[254,521,316,342]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Pipistrellus pulveratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C301BBA2DE44FFFCFEA6EE45FE2CFEA6" box="[277,498,350,376]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFEA6EE45FE2CFEA6" blockId="21.[130,646,316,1730]" box="[277,498,350,376]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Chinese Pipistrelle</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C301BBA2DE44FFFCFF31EE64FEF0FE6F" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFF31EE64FEF0FE6F" blockId="21.[130,646,316,1730]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0BCF07DE44FFFCFF31EE64FEF0FE6F" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABACE38DE44FFFCFF31EE64FDECFE4B" author="PETERS, W." box="[130,562,383,405]" page="618" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" year="1871">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B93AADE44FFFCFF31EE64FDECFE4B" ID-CoL="7G2SD" authority="Peters, 1871: 618" authorityName="Peters" authorityPageNumber="618" authorityYear="1871" box="[130,562,383,405]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vesperugo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulveratus">
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<emphasis id="B96F343BDE44FFFCFF31EE64FEBFFE4A" box="[130,353,383,404]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Vesperugo pulveratus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A95D8DE44FFFCFEC3EE64FDECFE4B" author="PETERS, W." box="[368,562,383,405]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" pagination="241 - 259" refId="ref20523" refString="Myanmar (Burma). Natural History Bulletin of THOMAS, O. 1891. Diagnoses of three new mammals the Siam Society, 51: 241 - 259. collected by Signor L. Fea in the Carin Hills, PETERS, W. 1871. Catalogue of the mammals of China Burma. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Natu- (south of the River Yangtse) and the island of rale (di Genova) Giacomo Doria, 30: 884." type="journal article" year="1871">Peters, 1871: 618</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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; Amoy,
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||
<collectingRegion id="49DF26CBDE44FFFCFF1FEE80FF32FE6F" box="[172,236,411,433]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Fujian</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F30CA8B9DE44FFFCFF46EE80FEF0FE6F" box="[245,302,411,433]" name="China" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">China</collectingCountry>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C301BBA2DE44FFFCFF31EEC4FD8CFCF4" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFF31EEC4FE04FE26" blockId="21.[130,646,316,1730]" box="[130,474,478,504]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
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<emphasis id="B96F343BDE44FFFCFF31EEC4FE04FE26" box="[130,474,478,504]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
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New material from
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||
<collectingCountry id="F30CA8B9DE44FFFCFEDBEEC4FE04FE26" box="[360,474,479,504]" name="Myanmar" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFF1FED1AFD8CFCF4" blockId="21.[130,646,316,1730]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
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<materialsCitation id="3B73E274DE44FFFCFF1FED1AFF3CFCF4" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
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<collectingRegion id="49DF26CBDE44FFFCFF1FED1AFEF7FDC4" box="[172,297,512,539]" country="United Kingdom" name="Isle of Anglesey" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Mon State</collectingRegion>
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||
: Saddan Sin Cave,
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<date id="FFA5CEE9DE44FFFCFDB9ED1BFD5FFDC4" box="[522,641,512,538]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" value="2002-02-11">2.11.2002</date>
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||
, 2 ♂♂ (H5, H17) and
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||
<date id="FFA5CEE9DE44FFFCFE01ED39FDE6FDE2" box="[434,568,546,572]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" value="2002-12-11">12.11.2002</date>
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, 1 ♂ (H17);
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<collectingRegion id="49DF26CBDE44FFFCFF50ED5FFEA2FD80" box="[227,380,580,606]" country="Myanmar" name="Kayin" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Kayin State</collectingRegion>
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||
: Yathay Pyan Cave,
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<date id="FFA5CEE9DE44FFFCFF31ED7DFF27FD5F" box="[130,249,614,641]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" value="2002-05-11">5.11.2002</date>
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||
, 1 ♂ (H8); Weibyan Cave, 6.10.
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<date id="FFA5CEE9DE44FFFCFF31ED93FF27FD7C" box="[130,249,648,674]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" value="2002-01-03">2002, 1 ♂</date>
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(H11);
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<collectingRegion id="49DF26CBDE44FFFCFEE7ED93FE0BFD7C" box="[340,469,648,674]" country="Myanmar" name="Shan" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Shan State</collectingRegion>
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||
: Pyin Oo Lwin (BMNH collection; previously referred to
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||
<emphasis id="B96F343BDE44FFFCFF31EDD6FF41FD38" box="[130,159,717,742]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">H.</emphasis>
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||
(=
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B93AADE44FFFCFF78EDD7FE8FFD38" box="[203,337,716,742]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B96F343BDE44FFFCFF78EDD7FE8FFD38" box="[203,337,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Pipistrellus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
)
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B93AADE44FFFCFED7EDD6FE45FD38" baseAuthorityName="Bonaparte" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[356,411,717,742]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F343BDE44FFFCFED7EDD6FE45FD38" box="[356,411,717,742]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">savii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8A95D8DE44FFFCFE78EDD7FF0AFCD6" author="CORBET, G. B. & J. E. HILL" bookContentInfo="488 pp." journalOrPublisher="Natural History Mu- seum Publications. Oxford University, Oxford" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" refId="ref21372" refString="CORBET, G. B., and J. E. HILL. 1992. The mammals of the Indomalayan region. Natural History Mu- seum Publications. Oxford University, Oxford, 488 pp." title="The mammals of the Indomalayan region." type="book" year="1992">Corbet and Hill (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Badalin cave,
|
||
<date id="FFA5CEE9DE44FFFCFE3DEDF5FDD8FCD6" box="[398,518,750,776]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" value="2003-08-23">23.8.2003</date>
|
||
, 2 ♂♂ (I- BD3/4).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
There are no previous records.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C301BBA2DE44FFFCFF31EC4CFC09FEF7" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFF31EC4CFE50FCAF" blockId="21.[130,646,316,1730]" box="[130,398,855,881]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F343BDE44FFFCFF31EC4CFE50FCAF" box="[130,398,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Descriptive characters</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFF1FEC62FD5BF91C" blockId="21.[130,646,316,1730]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
|
||
This is a medium-sized species with a forearm length of 32.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CE345CCDE44FFFCFE75EC81FDEBFC6B" box="[454,565,922,949]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.52" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="35.2">35.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
based on nine specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30CA8B9DE44FFFCFE10ECA6FDCBFC09" box="[419,533,957,983]" name="Myanmar" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C699DD92DE44FFFCFD97ECA7FD5EFC09" box="[548,640,956,983]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="7.[130,143,167,188]" captionTargetId="graphics@7.[127,1200,376,1322]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 4. External and bacular measurements (in mm) and body mass (in g) of 21 species of Vespertilionidae recorded from Myanmar, including the lengths of head and body (HB), tail (TAIL), foot (HF), tibia (TIBIA), forearm (FA), fifth, fourth, third metacarpal (5MET, 4MET and 3MET), ear (E), and baculum (BAC LGT). Sample sizes for males and females differing from those reported under n are given in parentheses after the measurement. Mean and SD are included when sample size is 3 or more. Data in italics are based on specimens collected outside Myanmar. Species listed in order of genera, and taxonomic groups and subgroups based on Corbet and Hill (1992) and Bates and Harrison (1997)" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
; FA = 34.8–37.0 mm in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8A95D8DE44FFFCFE7AECC5FF2FFBC5" author="HENDRICHSEN, D. K. & P. J. J. BATES & B. D. HAYES & J. L. WALSTON" journalOrPublisher="Myotis" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" pagination="35 - 122" part="39" refId="ref21801" refString="HENDRICHSEN, D. K., P. J. J. BATES, B. D. HAYES, and J. L. WALSTON. 2001. Recent records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Vietnam with six species new to the country. Myotis, 39: 35 - 122." title="Recent records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Vietnam with six species new to the country" type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Hendrichsen
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F343BDE44FFFCFDC3ECC4FF7EFBC4" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The dorsal pelage is long, thick and silky with dark brown, almost black hairs on the back that are tipped with gold- en-brown. On the belly the hair roots are very dark with paler buff-brown tips. The fifth metacarpal is about equal in length to the third and fourth. The baculum, with a length of
|
||
<quantity id="4CE345CCDE44FFFCFEA3EBF5FE7DFAD7" box="[272,419,1262,1289]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.6">2.6–3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, has straight shaft, hollowed out below and a simple, not bi- lobate base; the tip is bluntly pointed (Fig. 1D). In the skull, the zygomata are robust with a small dorsal process on each jugal bone. The basioccipital area has a well defined central ridge running between the two cochlea but the basioccipital pits are virtually absent. The second incisor (I3) attains the height of the secondary cusp of the first (I2) and is about equal in crown area. The upper canine (C1) is without a secondary cusp. The crown area of the first upper premolar (P2) varies between
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFD18EFB3FC09FEF7" blockId="21.[683,1199,163,1528]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">about two-thirds to equal that of I2. The first lower premolar (P2) is two-thirds the crown area and between half and two-thirds the height of the second (P4).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C301BBA2DE44FFFCFD18EE49FCA0FE2B" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFD18EE49FC80FEB5" blockId="21.[683,1199,163,1528]" box="[683,862,338,364]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F343BDE44FFFCFD18EE49FC80FEB5" box="[683,862,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Similar species</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFD67EE6FFCA0FE2B" blockId="21.[683,1199,163,1528]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">The distinctive dorsal pelage and bacu- lar morphology distinguish this species from all other similar sized pipistrelle spe- cies in the region.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C301BBA2DE44FFFCFD18ED05FCC1FA26" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFD18ED05FCD5FDE6" blockId="21.[683,1199,163,1528]" box="[683,779,542,568]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F343BDE44FFFCFD18ED05FCD5FDE6" box="[683,779,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Ecology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA4E829DE44FFFCFD67ED5BFCC1FA26" blockId="21.[683,1199,163,1528]" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
|
||
All the voucher specimens were collect- ed in mist nets set in large limestone caves, each of which has a series of large complex chambers. In Mon and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DF26CBDE44FFFCFC6BEDBCFBFEFD1F" box="[984,1056,679,705]" country="Myanmar" name="Kayin" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Kayin</collectingRegion>
|
||
States, the caves are primarily surrounded by paddy fields. Vegetation on the limestone outcrops includes climbers, ferns and a limited number of stunted trees. The original lowland evergreen and semi-evergreen rain forests have for the most part been cleared, with only scattered, highly disturbed remnants remaining. At Badalin, which is situated on the eastern margin of the central Dry Zone of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30CA8B9DE44FFFCFCA4ECE4FC55FBC7" box="[791,907,1023,1049]" name="Myanmar" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the cave is surrounded by seasonally very dry, deciduous forest. Previously, specimen BMNH.14.7.8.6.3 (subsequently incorrectly referred to
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F343BDE44FFFCFB22EB7DFCA9FB7F" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="226">
|
||
H.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B93AADE44FFFCFD18EB93FD3CFB7F" baseAuthorityName="Bonaparte" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[683,738,1160,1185]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Hypsugo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="savii">savii</taxonomicName>
|
||
austenianus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, see below) was collected from Pyin Oo Lwin (= Maymyo), which is situated on the western margin of the undu- lating Shan plateau at an altitude of
|
||
<quantity id="4CE345CCDE44FFFCFBE6EBF5FB70FAD7" box="[1109,1198,1262,1289]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" unit="m" value="1080.0">1080 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4CE345CCDE44FFFCFD00EA0BFCF4FAF5" box="[691,810,1296,1323]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="21" pageNumber="226" unit="ft" value="3500.0">3500 feet</quantity>
|
||
). Once surrounded by hills covered with deciduous forest, many years of intensive deforestation have meant that even by the start of 20th century much of the land had been converted to scrub, agricultural land and pockets of disturbed woodland
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |