325 lines
43 KiB
XML
325 lines
43 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="77D181855D2FAA2157BCAB9F4323BE75">Notes on the nesting of three species of Megachilinae in the Dubai Desert Conservation Reserve, UAE</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="CC96B39D7B3D76CDD2C05EB322832745" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A2B3C8A07329B0B9CB79958B233D5080">Gess, Sarah Kathleen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="45EB8881C83D8041B57FBB739DE79086">Albany Museum and Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6139 South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7502DBB38FB0B667A89B6967B508D245" type="email">s.gess@ru.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F01EEDC52C275995AB63DB54E6A9BDA6">Roosenschoon, Peter Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C73AE0AD67192AACEBE9D2EDB1AAD19B">Dubai Desert Conservation Reserve, Dubai, United Arab Emirates</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4E0BE3050CE0793EF57339A41013A2A5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="FF2C1C27AE53C7F237334453A3C0B101">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E727DBA3D30FB799EFDC7B0D98A27DCC">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8F5FA729393F292EC80F0196689B578E">2017-02-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="719B61074668B0EA5406EA128590F5C8">54</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="84083E81D935600EB54449A3697C732C">43</mods:start>
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<treatment id="4906EBBF015140A4FA8F8A626708A799" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154473311" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4906EBBF015140A4FA8F8A626708A799" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4906EBBF015140A4FA8F8A626708A799" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" scope_subFamily="Megachilinae">
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<subSubSection id="482AB22A29D00B6168A9B55FAC50659A" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F9649835D0B9DAC82F7A42453E34BA08" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="F373757B972720C2B78F8348DC629FD3" ID-CoL="3YS65" LSID="33C660C3-71D2-5E01-A892-3999851C4893" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile (Eurymella) patellimana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellimana" subGenus="Eurymella">Megachile (Eurymella) patellimana</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="343E71D857A66D0BE242389F58F99964" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="taxonomy">
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<paragraph id="A6EA4A0C280A4220E1B1C6215A3EA8DB" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Taxonomy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C90C0FD4F6A070CED580217147E7C16" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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In
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<bibRefCitation id="E812FD787C7750957C4685446D1D49F9" author="Gess, SK" journalOrPublisher="Albany Museum, Grahamstown" pageId="10" pageNumber="53" refId="B8" refString="Gess, SK, Gess, FW, 2003. A catalogue of flower visiting records for aculeate wasps and bees in the semi-arid to arid areas of southern Africa. Albany Museum, Grahamstown" title="A catalogue of flower visiting records for aculeate wasps and bees in the semi-arid to arid areas of southern Africa." year="2003">Gess and Gess (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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and in
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<bibRefCitation id="7843554DD24560AD76B2659A878E6A5E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.018" author="Litman, JR" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="10" pageNumber="53" pagination="183 - 198" refId="B16" refString="Litman, JR, Griswold, T, Danforth, BN, 2016. Phylogenetic systematics and a revised generic classification of anthidiine bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 100: 183 - 198, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.018" title="Phylogenetic systematics and a revised generic classification of anthidiine bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.018" volume="100" year="2016">Gess and Roosenschoon (2016)</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="6C2BE3FECDCE312CE385D0428EBEFFC5" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile patellimana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellimana">
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<emphasis id="D0D90A5AB44F23EFF5ECD62D8ABB5374" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Megachile patellimana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is given as belonging to the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="6C08E56D3A5350F777B33E3307EFEA31" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Eutricharaea)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Eutricharaea">Eutricharaea</taxonomicName>
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, following
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<bibRefCitation id="0385A1D199E7BB738632B5E5903D531F" author="Michener, CD" journalOrPublisher="The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London" pageId="11" pageNumber="54" refId="B20" refString="Michener, CD, 2007. The bee genera of the world. Second Edition. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London" title="The bee genera of the world. Second Edition." year="2007">Michener (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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who did not consider the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="13549635678E303FD10DFF8004DA6D4F" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Eurymella)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Eurymella">Eurymella</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="0D78645F4F421C244F0B8B6C86E889A0" author="Pasteels, JJ" journalOrPublisher="The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London" pageId="11" pageNumber="54" refId="B21" refString="Pasteels, JJ, 1965. Revision des Megachilidae (HymenopteraApoidea) de L'Afrique Noire I. Les Genres Creightoniella, Chalichodoma et Megachile (s. str.). Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale , Tervuren, Belgique, Annales Serie in-8°, Sciences Zoologiques 137: 1-579." title="Revision des Megachilidae (HymenopteraApoidea) de L'Afrique Noire I. Les Genres Creightoniella, Chalichodoma et Megachile (s. str.). Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Annales Serie in- 8 °, Sciences Zoologiques 137: 1 - 579." year="1965">Pasteels (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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to be distinct from the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="16D7BC24096CDF05E46698F098E8ED3C" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Eutricharaea)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Eutricharaea">Eutricharaea</taxonomicName>
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.
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<normalizedToken id="C34E97AEA5DE59A3DA20375740C2B441" originalValue="Michener’s">Michener's</normalizedToken>
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opinion was generally accepted (e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="766F0D39F316EC4905C13643BA7E10EB" author="Eardley, C" journalOrPublisher="Abc Taxa volume" pageId="10" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 138" refId="B6" refString="Eardley, C, Kuhlmann, M, Pauly, A, 2010. The Bee Genera and Subgenera of sub-Saharan Africa. Abc Taxa volume 7: 1 - 138" title="The Bee Genera and Subgenera of sub-Saharan Africa." volume="7" year="2010">Eardley et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="6C205C44EB811ED5291E9DCD8C0EDF64" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3601.1.1" author="Eardley, C" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="10" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 134" refId="B5" refString="Eardley, C, 2013. A taxonomic revision of the southern African leaf-cutter bees, Megachile Latreille sensu stricto and Heriadopsis Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae). Zootaxa 3601 (1): 1 - 134, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3601.1.1" title="A taxonomic revision of the southern African leaf-cutter bees, Megachile Latreille sensu stricto and Heriadopsis Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3601.1.1" volume="3601" year="2013">Eardley 2013</bibRefCitation>
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). However, in their analysis
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<bibRefCitation id="A9CF05D10AE6C741B9A92E82806D27A4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.07.004" author="Trunz, V" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="11" pageNumber="54" pagination="245 - 259" refId="B24" refString="Trunz, V, Packer, L, Arrigo, N, Praz, CJ, 2016. Comprehensive phylogeny, biogeography and new classification of the diverse bee tribe Megachilini: Can we use DNA barcodes in phylogenies of large genera. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 103: 245 - 259, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.07.004" title="Comprehensive phylogeny, biogeography and new classification of the diverse bee tribe Megachilini: Can we use DNA barcodes in phylogenies of large genera." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.07.004" volume="103" year="2016">Trunz et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
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revisit the status of
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<taxonomicName id="8BB2375B010822217DD174C7268681F8" authorityName="Pasteels" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Eurymella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eurymella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9AD31AD124BCA060D08FA232587FCC85" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Eurymella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and recognize it as a valid subgenus distinct from
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<taxonomicName id="CF4A2DD08374E5772B9B736507E5E5FB" authorityName="Thompson" authorityYear="1872" class="Hexapoda" family="Megachilidae" genus="Eutricharaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eutricharaea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="8AEBD2148DD4C2407378981FE875ED26" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Eutricharaea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Their opinion has been accepted and in the present contribution
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<taxonomicName id="B0F64181A56DAC40B7CCC4908E05DFC1" authorityName="Pasteels" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Eurymella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eurymella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7F35876C204B8AA39B50536EC8A9345E" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Eurymella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is recognized as being distinct from
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<taxonomicName id="6F4BFAE883BB7F3B737E8370AD875A3F" authorityName="Thompson" authorityYear="1872" class="Hexapoda" family="Megachilidae" genus="Eutricharaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eutricharaea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="6BC070191268DF34311F97C7620B6937" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Eutricharaea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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given that both groups appear distantly related in the phylogeny of Trunz et al.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A47C28CF5C1728899AE181C978F9454" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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The female of
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<taxonomicName id="DF1121633C2D481F7F2D785596EB342B" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile patellimana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellimana">
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<emphasis id="D6BF9EB47391AFA0DADEC69C0566230F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Megachile patellimana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, like most species of
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<taxonomicName id="DD2F023D5D5B02B36A85DABCE390D110" authorityName="Pasteels" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Eurymella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eurymella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="5E1C90510B89DBA052E1F876315D3230" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Eurymella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, has robust mandibles with particularly large and acute teeth, as also seen in the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="E5B4A639C0FFAD09517E316D2FD812A3" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Eurymella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Creightonella)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Creightonella">Creightonella</taxonomicName>
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||
. In
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<taxonomicName id="F8C3CE20186C39B76ACF33B5A9B7873A" authorityName="Thompson" authorityYear="1872" class="Hexapoda" family="Megachilidae" genus="Eutricharaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eutricharaea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C9B79C4A953062D293FF63568D524E06" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Eutricharaea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in contrast, the female mandibles are mostly less robust and the teeth smaller.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CD1396D8862E9752A56A2F36B5B60F9D" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="5D896BB1C53F1940B5E8E19218F744A5" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C0DF56CC7344B50AC7BF4B7CA03BC13E" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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Widely distributed in western Palaearctic, particularly in the Mediterranean, Asia Minor, Egypt and UAE, also south-western Africa, Sudan, Niger and Mozambique (
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<bibRefCitation id="6A42724D70F288B9D697CE93309978AB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.018" author="Litman, JR" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="10" pageNumber="53" pagination="183 - 198" refId="B16" refString="Litman, JR, Griswold, T, Danforth, BN, 2016. Phylogenetic systematics and a revised generic classification of anthidiine bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 100: 183 - 198, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.018" title="Phylogenetic systematics and a revised generic classification of anthidiine bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.018" volume="100" year="2016">Gess and Roosenschoon 2016</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A9B96254429BE3B8A0DAB1A186429E7B" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="flower visiting">
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<paragraph id="C608E3F4718E0A122B60F76B924C153E" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Flower visiting.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="996A4D23498E83E3CE76D0FC23163BF1" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
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In the DDCR
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<taxonomicName id="0E1E229A1F5D6DFEC933705EA4392F20" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile patellimana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellimana">
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<emphasis id="13E814B3A4ED06924DF1D4827980B9BA" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Megachile patellimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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has been recorded from flowers of
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<taxonomicName id="51933F92C59518755F48BED39B483FCD" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Apocynaceae</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<taxonomicName id="BC4CCE0C23B670B52461CB1EC6597028" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Asclepiadoideae">Asclepiadoideae</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="AF1337535F807935A0F860912616BA37" authorityName="Decne" authorityYear="1838" baseAuthorityName="Forsk." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Leptadenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leptadenia pyrotechnica" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pyrotechnica">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DD0ADFF4776A14775A56777E64618C4" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Leptadenia pyrotechnica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C754A7A002A501531A659D4F753DE8C5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="868AE29DEE63E3DFF9043BACDD7601E3" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Centaurea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Centaurea pseudosinaica" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pseudosinaica">
|
||
<emphasis id="63ABC4765048D2BA6CC9F6F3E6316242" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Centaurea pseudosinaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Czerep.;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="452B31240E6F85CD25BD62461975583D" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Boraginaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="350026D11F8D57D7DEEBEA9EA75EAB9B" class="Insecta" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Heliotropium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heliotropium kotschyi" order="Brassicales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kotschyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="29C01FF06D1324825E228E2F9979DFAB" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Heliotropium kotschyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89A6E63F60FAFDBE82E523C9AD225EC4" class="Insecta" family="Brassicaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Brassicales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Brassicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2F76FBD30C9D1B1C0C367CF96B23D947" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Farsetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Farsetia linearis" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="linearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="AA35BE854F05E0F585C5B236A06E8AEE" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Farsetia linearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Decne ex Boiss.;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6DBA15973A30A21356F01FD35CCFD1EB" authorityName="Turra" authorityYear="1765" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ADFD19B2FAC37C568FCDA0A0102689B4" authorityName="Turra" authorityYear="1765" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mimosoideae">Mimosoideae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9F863BA45CD0790B78475405637B32BB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis cineraria" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cineraria">
|
||
<emphasis id="E95E01BCFDCB8D6BE37B5EA7CCC5BC17" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Prosopis cineraria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="683C3F64C6209DDD55474CAE4F22A7DE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A73B8963D63D00044B1B5A965C5475B3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Papilionoideae">Papilionoideae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFAB8F7C3934F159CB9C0D5AB9E8FA04" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Zygophyllaceae" genus="Crotalaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Crotalaria aegyptiaca" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="aegyptiaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="524BE409835B0103FA3A037D9902F576" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Crotalaria aegyptiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Benth.;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24E9CF69C25DB3AA15E9BE69A22D2F89" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Zygophyllaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Zygophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22431EF1483DC0498E271C3829F0CF19" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Zygophyllaceae" genus="Tribulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tribulus maropterus" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="maropterus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EC934EE78A75275EFBD20D3387CC2BA4" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Tribulus maropterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Boiss.(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F9A969049E3E19A6EC207517502CF0BA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.018" author="Litman, JR" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="10" pageNumber="53" pagination="183 - 198" refId="B16" refString="Litman, JR, Griswold, T, Danforth, BN, 2016. Phylogenetic systematics and a revised generic classification of anthidiine bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 100: 183 - 198, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.018" title="Phylogenetic systematics and a revised generic classification of anthidiine bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.018" volume="100" year="2016">Gess and Roosenschoon 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9132E6CEE38A6ECF3A78E9713E743AE2" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
|
||
In Namibia this species has been recorded from flowers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="728EBCA5CDFC8CDA8AE5767BA5BE1C54" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Zygophyllaceae" genus="Crotalaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Crotalaria podocarpa" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="podocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="3907643171199A093F247441563CD53B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Crotalaria podocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
DC (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ABC01C3372371CA48FC1AF922E13A140" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Zygophyllaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Geraniales" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Papilionoideae">Papilionoideae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AEFB4B8496C9E0257D193DE36B04BEFE" author="Gess, SK" journalOrPublisher="Albany Museum, Grahamstown" pageId="10" pageNumber="53" refId="B8" refString="Gess, SK, Gess, FW, 2003. A catalogue of flower visiting records for aculeate wasps and bees in the semi-arid to arid areas of southern Africa. Albany Museum, Grahamstown" title="A catalogue of flower visiting records for aculeate wasps and bees in the semi-arid to arid areas of southern Africa." year="2003">Gess and Gess 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C2522745518D9594F355B0AA60046F7B" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" type="nesting">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F67FED381F3F8ED3E7402737047FAD0" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Nesting.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DBB506C3E75E8B302C479E6356A9E6AC" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
|
||
The only published mention of the nesting of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="124961A2EA1D2E9EC6616CADDAEF3711" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile patellimana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellimana">
|
||
<emphasis id="BA0B8FC37A516CA8EC88287B65F1A423" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Megachile patellimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be the statement in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AE36992EE3C2225C1EA818E5EAAB8291" author="Alfken, JD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Royale Entomologique d'Egypte" pageId="9" pageNumber="52" pagination="146 - 163" refId="B1" refString="Alfken, JD, 1934. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Megachile -Arten von Aegypten (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Bulletin de la Societe Royale Entomologique d'Egypte 18: 146 - 163" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Megachile - Arten von Aegypten (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)." volume="18" year="1934">Alfken (1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, page 148) that "Als echte Blattschneiderbiene ist auch
|
||
<taxonomicName id="46DC17F3CDB6D867598440EF3159B2A4" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile patellimana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellimana">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C6D15F5A4E4143CCD0CC2352520EEFD" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Megachile patellimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M. Spin. beobachet worden" [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6CD12D358FBDCD3348587369294DDCAA" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile patellimana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellimana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B33CE270060B125A95DB90994DE3E669" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Megachile patellimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has also been observed as a true leaf-cutting species]. The nesting situation does not seem to have been recorded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="52B208D5C7322D74ED0B0C0A54127848" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
|
||
The only other observations on nesting by a species of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2CE921572D582E0020A555D76A75281E" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Eurymella)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Eurymella">Eurymella</taxonomicName>
|
||
seem to be those for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="172C288664E543F1D20E7A23295F67C7" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile bucephala" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bucephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4FBDC13A17E5423DD76A61C4F5D3F9D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Megachile bucephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fabricius) (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A4A18CF15976D179A36383717EF2F6B9" authorityName="Friese" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile semifulva" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semifulva">
|
||
<emphasis id="85E0757D0277983ABFEEF5B35D76AAED" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Megachile semifulva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Friese, recently placed in synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="72F9909DE911C195EBAF93778D705FEA" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile bucephala" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bucephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2E6EACEA4B3053E3B1EA39DFE401042" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Megachile bucephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Eardley, 2013); this synonymy requires confirmation given that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F308DAF1C1C4741497F60293CAE29F3" author="Pasteels, JJ" journalOrPublisher="The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London" pageId="11" pageNumber="54" refId="B21" refString="Pasteels, JJ, 1965. Revision des Megachilidae (HymenopteraApoidea) de L'Afrique Noire I. Les Genres Creightoniella, Chalichodoma et Megachile (s. str.). Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale , Tervuren, Belgique, Annales Serie in-8°, Sciences Zoologiques 137: 1-579." title="Revision des Megachilidae (HymenopteraApoidea) de L'Afrique Noire I. Les Genres Creightoniella, Chalichodoma et Megachile (s. str.). Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Annales Serie in- 8 °, Sciences Zoologiques 137: 1 - 579." year="1965">Pasteels (1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 127) mentions that there are sculptural differences
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="41561D293C83839F282B1FA85E578E86" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" start="start">between</pageBreakToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EEB1A860321136CD9669C0207F7B080B" authorityName="Friese" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile semifulva" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semifulva">
|
||
<emphasis id="0A0151AB4984A691426A9EB8E6E75F66" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Megachile semifulva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="587907258ABA1CA4AD44403CFE6A0583" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile bucephala" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bucephala">
|
||
<emphasis id="C3BFE5951AAB45C307F8121EFCEE7A8D" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Megachile bucephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(C. Praz, pers. comm.)). These observations "Nests in ground 6-7 inched vertical; lined with blade of certain grass, selected them before biting; measures it by running up and down. The pieces varied in length from 3-4 inches. St. W. Warley, 29.X.1916" quoted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36AD1F66EF20FB5D06990BF2B8E9744A" author="Pasteels, JJ" journalOrPublisher="The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London" pageId="11" pageNumber="54" refId="B21" refString="Pasteels, JJ, 1965. Revision des Megachilidae (HymenopteraApoidea) de L'Afrique Noire I. Les Genres Creightoniella, Chalichodoma et Megachile (s. str.). Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale , Tervuren, Belgique, Annales Serie in-8°, Sciences Zoologiques 137: 1-579." title="Revision des Megachilidae (HymenopteraApoidea) de L'Afrique Noire I. Les Genres Creightoniella, Chalichodoma et Megachile (s. str.). Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Annales Serie in- 8 °, Sciences Zoologiques 137: 1 - 579." year="1965">Pasteels (1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: page 127) are from manuscript copies in the Natal and Durban museums.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0EE490F9A282811B60EC7DCBD0594B7D" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
It therefore seems worth recording the fragmentary observations on the nesting of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89FC3F217F853A58C0E7E17A97DAD33C" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile patellimana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellimana">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A0700FAF16C3A657BA3BB790287F789" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Megachile patellimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the DDCR where it was observed to be nesting at Tawi Manana in burrows excavated in compacted sand beneath
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6D12B8CAA2F499AB28F920CFCB86F9E7" class="Insecta" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Heliotropium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heliotropium kotschyi" order="Brassicales" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kotschyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEDDA3124AC40FF612282946998A530E" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Heliotropium kotschyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
plants and at the Camel Farm in burrows excavated in the compacted sand banks of an irrigation furrow. It was not clear whether the burrows had been originated by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A94EC62B68D9AA5D95F5562D15E87480" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile patellimana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patellimana">
|
||
<emphasis id="F03C30A2A29FD8CB67E11D6732888CAA" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Megachile patellimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or were pre-existing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="057F797B3295CD7CEA1A56ACC8A32ADD" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
At Tawi Manana a female was captured carrying a piece of cut green leaf (approx. length 10 mm and approx. width 5 mm) and at the Camel Farm a female was captured carrying into a burrow a piece of tough green plastic approximately 10 mm in length cut from a strip 2 mm wide and almost 1 mm in thickness (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="28703614C7762E0242C97659B3FB940C" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 16. Megachile patellimana: female (actual length approx. 16 mm) with a leaf piece (green and fresh when collected) and female (actual length approx. 16 mm) with cut lengths of plastic, one from female and the rest from her nesting burrow." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.54.11290.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/124072" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Attempts to excavate the nests did not yield nest plans. In the nest of the female carrying plastic six more identical pieces of plastic (average length10 mm) were discovered grouped together in an apparent attempt to construct a cell. The cutting of the tough plastic would have been possible by using the large, robustly and acutely toothed mandibles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EEAACFD567228DEC92DE2CB245BCA6CB" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
The use of plastic by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FFD951DC733D61C2078F80F4E3A4B8D" genus="Megahile" lsidName="Megahile patellimana" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" rank="species" species="patellimana">
|
||
<emphasis id="FD946ACB4BE15DB078C513CD9BA2096B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Megahile patellimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, though surprising, is supported by the observations of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="16F79141225DA91E2755145CB5312265" DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES13-00308.1" author="MacIvor, JS" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="10" pageNumber="53" refId="B17" refString="MacIvor, JS, Moore, AE, 2013. Bees collect polyurethane and polyethylene plastics as novel nest materials. Ecosphere 4(12): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES13-00308.1" title="Bees collect polyurethane and polyethylene plastics as novel nest materials. Ecosphere 4 (12): 155." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES13-00308.1" year="2013">MacIvor and Moore (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who reported that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="54CFE7CEA3F3BB7558381BF07D53D323" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile rotundata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundata">
|
||
<emphasis id="9AC50757BC3D2DA45A4633DDDF467185" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Megachile rotundata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fabricius, which normally uses cut pieces of plant leaf, was found constructing brood cells out of cut pieces of polyethylene-based plastic bags. In addition to recording the use of plastic bags by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E49D91440148EED552DC3FBFAE6104A" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile rotundata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundata">
|
||
<emphasis id="3B81419E7509E7CCFF6D8AA06C2EC137" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Megachile rotundata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
MacIvor and Moore reported, even more surprisingly, that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3554003DC580A2BAA224A9805A3E6E7C" baseAuthorityName="Robertson" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile campanulae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="campanulae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F02C9923A9565B8925EA4F05DFB98700" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Megachile campanulae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Robertson), which uses plant and tree resins, was found to have made brood cells constructed out of a polyurethane-based exterior building sealant. In their discussion they suggested that "Although perhaps incidentally collected, the novel use of plastics in the nests of bees could reflect eco
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="CA2FD9A95AB3C27EA6828C14A9E8CB86" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" start="start">logically</pageBreakToken>
|
||
adaptive traits necessary for survival in an increasingly human-dominated environment".
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8D23057F6F82B9262DCFF1750AE0DFCE" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
|
||
It is clear that the flexible pieces cut from polyethylene bags by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="289A2318361D3C233626A5BBB47FE409" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1793" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile rotundata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6C7A24449A5A21E3BC4EFF1888849A3D" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Megachile rotundata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were successfully used to construct cells whereas it is seems unlikely that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3562CB32B4582FB9BAC9A850BAC3F48D" genus="Megahile" lsidName="Megahile patellimana" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="patellimana">
|
||
<emphasis id="4F6F825A92B6F59D66CDAC5B1945D853" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Megahile patellimana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would have successfully constructed cells from the stiff, narrow strips of plastic that she was assembling within her nesting burrow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3437678D7E6B92E5C3932EAA292D79F5" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEF8AF95F3F3CE75197F2033B771CBDD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Provision.</emphasis>
|
||
As both the nesting females were captured carrying nesting materials their scopae were empty and as nesting was in an early stage no provision was obtained from the nests.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D1F101CE237496540D995B0C7DB1F655" ID-Zenodo-Dep="989091" doi="10.3897/jhr.54.11290.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/124070" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" start="Figure 7" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph id="74F1EEE6DEE2364D59398F7610E03FFB" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="AC4B3ED26BBCB35ACE5DF74B8DF0E642" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Trap-nests 1-4 as at 25 May 2016 after
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8AE4D3EA30E629FE9698F94086CF261" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile maxillosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="DEC992825C8765FF358B6977313EECBE" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Megachile maxillosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
imagines had emerged from all of the cells. Trap-nest 3 shows the remains of the nest of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2BA55D8731DB49D2D9345BB79AE93F1A" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Pseudoheriades" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoheriades grandiceps" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="BF241CC6BE2B78D2A02B91EB9A0D1F85" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Pseudoheriades grandiceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that preceded the nest of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1ABFE6ADAF3316720B960BDF5EC88FF3" class="Insecta" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile maxillosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="181822A285C0F6D5B6EDAEF36873C972" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Megachile maxillosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |