230 lines
31 KiB
XML
230 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="4F362D8E9DBBE6347191627A9506718A" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.175948" ID-GBIF-Dataset="02bb7dce-7590-4f45-8aa9-c6280f2e8b36" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="175948" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459825277757" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Liu, Xingyue, Hayashi, Fumio & Yang, Ding" docDate="2007" docId="03CF87E5FFDBFFD1FF46AC38FBE2FCEB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01439p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1439" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Protohermes arunachalensis Ghosh" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFF6FF9DFFD4FFC0FFD1A94DFFEDFFD9" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the Protohermes costalis species-group (Megaloptera: Corydalidae)" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1698222167997" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="02EE7DE2D520E39EA3CD8684C6A9EEC8">
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<mods:title id="A0CD3E5708C829F5F5ECADB19790C9FD">Systematics of the Protohermes costalis species-group (Megaloptera: Corydalidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2A0EC73755B1FFF6158EFE1B7C468804" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BDAFC55D269CD069FA4EF29E413D27B6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A682EFDB458791471CCC299C210FD768">Liu, Xingyue</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7C50285487FCDF3DC85E475BF47E26CF">Hayashi, Fumio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2E7B580F8481E887CFA55D49F9E644B2">Yang, Ding</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9D12CA95C13C3D0490CB759014F1897B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E8860C73D64EFADC127637834FA1FC72">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FD10ED0366FA7D5868446BFB3D290233">
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<mods:date id="BECF2F6A08659B57E3ECCEA53EC00EDB">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CA90BE27CBE7EF6E3F3B3B9BFA86C22F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="43D2C39340AB57DED7AF529734255F5E">1439</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="EB35F0C2CD14C8FAD07057349CCC74AB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="18BC6A9DD1F421EA28AEC88F4AA20C73" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.175948</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F162D0D298C95A39991CF96D749FA22E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CF87E5FFDBFFD1FF46AC38FBE2FCEB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6248219" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356609" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6248219" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF87E5FFDBFFD1FF46AC38FBE2FCEB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CF87E5FFDBFFD1FF46AC38FBE2FCEB" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="C37C6578FFDBFFCFFF46AC38FEBFFA68" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD936F3FFDBFFCFFF46AC38FDA1FA57" blockId="15.[151,588,1396,1457]" box="[151,588,1396,1423]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<heading id="D091819FFFDBFFCFFF46AC38FDA1FA57" bold="true" box="[151,588,1396,1423]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D70FFDBFFCFFF46AC38FDA1FA57" ID-CoL="4N5GQ" authority="Ghosh" authorityName="Ghosh" box="[151,588,1396,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" genus="Protohermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arunachalensis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFDBFFCFFF46AC38FDA1FA57" bold="true" box="[151,588,1396,1423]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFDBFFCFFF46AC38FE1EFA56" bold="true" box="[151,499,1397,1423]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Protohermes arunachalensis</emphasis>
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Ghosh
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD936F3FFDBFFCFFF46ACDAFEBFFA68" blockId="15.[151,588,1396,1457]" box="[151,338,1431,1457]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFDBFFCFFF4EACDAFF1EFA68" box="[159,243,1431,1457]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 15" captionStartId="13.[151,269,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,196,1851]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 15. Habitus of the species in the P. costalis group. 6. P. acutatus sp. nov. (Holotype), male. 7. P. arunachalensis Ghosh, male. 8. P. basiflavus Yang (Holotype), male. 9. P. basimaculatus sp. nov. (Holotype), male. 10. P. c o s t a l i s (Walker), male. 11. P. disjunctus sp. nov. (Holotype), male. 12. P. fujianensis Yang & Yang (Holotype), male. 13. P. gutianensis Yang & Yang (Holotype), male. 14. P. hunanensis Yang & Yang (Holotype), male. 15. P. lii sp. nov. (Holotype), male. Scale bars = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175951/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFDBFFCFFF2EACDAFEA7FA68" box="[255,330,1431,1457]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 37" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[188,1420,450,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,440,1406]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 37. Protohermes arunachalensis Ghosh. 31. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 33. Male genitalia, ventral view. 34. Male ninth gonostylus, caudal view. 35. Male tenth sternum, ventral view. 36. Female genitalia, lateral view. 37. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale lines = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175954/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">31–37</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C6578FFDBFFCFFF46ACAAFA9BFA27" box="[151,1398,1511,1534]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD936F3FFDBFFCFFF46ACAAFA9BFA27" blockId="15.[151,1398,1511,1534]" box="[151,1398,1511,1534]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D70FFDBFFCFFF46ACAAFDB1FA27" authority="Ghosh, 1991" authorityName="Ghosh" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,604,1511,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" genus="Protohermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arunachalensis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFDBFFCFFF46ACAAFE24FA27" box="[151,457,1511,1534]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Protohermes arunachalensis</emphasis>
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Ghosh, 1991
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</taxonomicName>
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. Rec. Zool. Surv.
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<collectingCountry id="F3717663FFDBFFCFFCC8ACAAFCBFFA27" box="[793,850,1511,1534]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">India</collectingCountry>
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, 88: 147.
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<typeStatus id="54DD8851FFDBFFCFFC6DACAAFC1CFA27" box="[956,1009,1511,1534]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="F3717663FFDBFFCFFB87ACAAFB60FA27" box="[1110,1165,1511,1534]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">India</collectingCountry>
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(Arunachal Pradesh).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C6578FFDBFFD0FF46AF7DFD8DF82A" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD936F3FFDBFFCFFF46AF7DFC26F918" blockId="15.[151,1437,1583,2009]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFDBFFCFFF46AF7DFEE3F990" box="[151,270,1584,1609]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Head with 2–4 pairs of black markings; pronotum with two pairs of large black markings; male ninth sternum with trapezoidal posterior incision; tenth tergum with outer-distal corner produced. Body length
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<quantity id="4C9E9B16FFDBFFCFFEE3AF32FE5EF940" box="[306,435,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="32.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="29.0">29–35 mm</quantity>
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(male) and
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<quantity id="4C9E9B16FFDBFFCFFD94AF32FD2BF940" box="[581,710,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="47.0" valueMin="43.0">43–47 mm</quantity>
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(female); forewing length
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<quantity id="4C9E9B16FFDBFFCFFBD8AF32FB64F940" box="[1033,1161,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="40.0">40–45 mm</quantity>
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(male) and
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<quantity id="4C9E9B16FFDBFFCFFACDAF32FA71F940" box="[1308,1436,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="49.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="48.0">48–50 mm</quantity>
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(female), hindwing length
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<quantity id="4C9E9B16FFDBFFCFFE1EAFEAFDA3F918" box="[463,590,1703,1729]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="37.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="34.0">34–40 mm</quantity>
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(male) and
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<quantity id="4C9E9B16FFDBFFCFFD0BAFEAFCB4F918" box="[730,857,1703,1729]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="43.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="42.0">42–45 mm</quantity>
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(female).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD936F3FFDBFFCFFF16AF82FE2DF8B8" blockId="15.[151,1437,1583,2009]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Head (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFDBFFCFFEC7AF82FE86F930" box="[278,363,1743,1769]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 37" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[188,1420,450,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,440,1406]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 37. Protohermes arunachalensis Ghosh. 31. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 33. Male genitalia, ventral view. 34. Male ninth gonostylus, caudal view. 35. Male tenth sternum, ventral view. 36. Female genitalia, lateral view. 37. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale lines = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175954/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
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) yellow, without post-ocular spine; vertex with 2–4 pairs of black markings, posterolateral markings subtriangular. Occiput laterally with pair of black markings. Compound eyes greyish brown; ocelli yellow, darkly margined medially. Antennae dark, with scapes and pedicel yellow. Mouthparts yellow; mandible with distal half black.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD936F3FFDBFFD0FF16AE22FCBDFEA5" blockId="15.[151,1437,1583,2009]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,152,385]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Thorax yellow. Pronotum (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFDBFFCFFDD4AE22FDB7F850" box="[517,602,1903,1929]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 37" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[188,1420,450,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,440,1406]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 37. Protohermes arunachalensis Ghosh. 31. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 33. Male genitalia, ventral view. 34. Male ninth gonostylus, caudal view. 35. Male tenth sternum, ventral view. 36. Female genitalia, lateral view. 37. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale lines = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175954/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
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) laterally with two pairs of large black markings; posterolateral corner black. Meso- and metanota brownish on lateral sides. Thoracic pilosity yellow, much longer on meso- and metathorax. Legs yellow with dense yellowish short setae; fore and middle tibiae with dorsal surface black, hind tibia occasionally with dorsal surface also black; tarsi dark; tarsal claws reddish brown. Forewings (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFC4FFD0FABCA9D5FF4BFF03" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 15" captionStartId="13.[151,269,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,196,1851]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 15. Habitus of the species in the P. costalis group. 6. P. acutatus sp. nov. (Holotype), male. 7. P. arunachalensis Ghosh, male. 8. P. basiflavus Yang (Holotype), male. 9. P. basimaculatus sp. nov. (Holotype), male. 10. P. c o s t a l i s (Walker), male. 11. P. disjunctus sp. nov. (Holotype), male. 12. P. fujianensis Yang & Yang (Holotype), male. 13. P. gutianensis Yang & Yang (Holotype), male. 14. P. hunanensis Yang & Yang (Holotype), male. 15. P. lii sp. nov. (Holotype), male. Scale bars = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175951/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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) pale brown, with 1 subtriangular, large yellowish marking at base, several fused yellowish markings at middle, and 1 round yellowish marking on apical 1/3; costal cellules with distinct brown stripes. Hindwings much paler than forewings, with basal half almost hyaline, and with 1 round yellowish marking on apical 1/3. Veins pale yellow but dark toward apex. Rs 10-branched, last branch bifurcate; 7–12 crossveins between R1 and Rs; M1+2 6 to 9-branched, M3+4 3 to 4-branched; 1A 3-branched.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF19667BFFC4FFD0FF46ACD8FB0AFA2B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175954/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[188,1420,450,1382]" targetPageId="16">
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<paragraph id="8BD936F3FFC4FFD0FF46ACD8FB0AFA2B" blockId="16.[151,1436,1429,1522]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC4FFD0FF46ACD8FE8DFA74" bold="true" box="[151,352,1429,1453]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURES 31–37.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D70FFC4FFD0FEB9ACDBFD1FFA74" authority="Ghosh." authorityName="Ghosh." box="[360,754,1430,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" genus="Protohermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arunachalensis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC4FFD0FEB9ACDBFD71FA74" box="[360,668,1430,1453]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Protohermes arunachalensis</emphasis>
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Ghosh.
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</taxonomicName>
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31. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 33. Male genitalia, ventral view. 34. Male ninth gonostylus, caudal view. 35. Male tenth sternum, ventral view. 36. Female genitalia, lateral view. 37. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale lines = 1.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BD936F3FFC4FFD0FF16AF6CFD8DF82A" blockId="16.[151,1436,1569,2035]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Abdomen yellowish brown with yellowish short setae. Male ninth tergum (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFC4FFD0FB8AAF6CFB58F9E2" box="[1115,1205,1569,1595]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 37" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[188,1420,450,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,440,1406]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 37. Protohermes arunachalensis Ghosh. 31. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 33. Male genitalia, ventral view. 34. Male ninth gonostylus, caudal view. 35. Male tenth sternum, ventral view. 36. Female genitalia, lateral view. 37. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale lines = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175954/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
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) subquadrate, with arched anterior and slightly incised posterior margin. Ninth sternum (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFC4FFD0FC1CAF04FBCEF9BA" box="[973,1059,1609,1635]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 37" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[188,1420,450,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,440,1406]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 37. Protohermes arunachalensis Ghosh. 31. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 33. Male genitalia, ventral view. 34. Male ninth gonostylus, caudal view. 35. Male tenth sternum, ventral view. 36. Female genitalia, lateral view. 37. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale lines = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175954/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
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) broad with arched lateral margin, posterior margin with trapezoidal incision forming two blunt triangular posterior processes; central portion apparently inflated. Ninth gonostylus (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFC4FFD0FD7CAFD4FCE5F96A" box="[685,776,1689,1715]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 37" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[188,1420,450,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,440,1406]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 37. Protohermes arunachalensis Ghosh. 31. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 33. Male genitalia, ventral view. 34. Male ninth gonostylus, caudal view. 35. Male tenth sternum, ventral view. 36. Female genitalia, lateral view. 37. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale lines = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175954/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
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) unguiform and slightly curved dorsomedially. Tenth tergum (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFC4FFD0FF2AAF8CFE64F902" box="[251,393,1729,1755]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 37" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[188,1420,450,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,440,1406]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 37. Protohermes arunachalensis Ghosh. 31. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 33. Male genitalia, ventral view. 34. Male ninth gonostylus, caudal view. 35. Male tenth sternum, ventral view. 36. Female genitalia, lateral view. 37. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale lines = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175954/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 32–33</figureCitation>
|
||
) short subcylindrical, ventrally with one feebly developed tufted tubercle at posteromedial corner; posterolateral corner distinctly and acutely produced; tip slightly incised and densely setose. Tenth sternum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFC4FFD0FE87AE5CFE43F8F2" box="[342,430,1809,1835]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 37" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[188,1420,450,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,440,1406]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 37. Protohermes arunachalensis Ghosh. 31. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 33. Male genitalia, ventral view. 34. Male ninth gonostylus, caudal view. 35. Male tenth sternum, ventral view. 36. Female genitalia, lateral view. 37. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale lines = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175954/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
) arched, anteriorly slightly elevated at middle; posterior margin medially with one extremely small incision; lateral lobes thick and long digitiform. Female eighth sternum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFC4FFD0FAD1AE74FA79F88A" box="[1280,1428,1849,1875]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 37" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[188,1420,450,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,440,1406]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 37. Protohermes arunachalensis Ghosh. 31. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 33. Male genitalia, ventral view. 34. Male ninth gonostylus, caudal view. 35. Male tenth sternum, ventral view. 36. Female genitalia, lateral view. 37. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale lines = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175954/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 36–37</figureCitation>
|
||
) strongly sclerotized, subtriangular in lateral view, posterior margin truncate; ninth segment (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D2A76FFC4FFD0FB07AE2CFAC1F8A2" box="[1238,1324,1889,1915]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 37" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[188,1420,450,1382]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,440,1406]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 37. Protohermes arunachalensis Ghosh. 31. Male head and pronotum, dorsal view. 32. Male genitalia, dorsal view. 33. Male genitalia, ventral view. 34. Male ninth gonostylus, caudal view. 35. Male tenth sternum, ventral view. 36. Female genitalia, lateral view. 37. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale lines = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175954/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
) laterally with a pair of small suboval sac-like lobes; ninth gonocoxite valvate and membranous with one digitiform process at tip; tenth tergum short, with posterior margin medially incised, leaving one short subtriangular upper and one semicircular lower lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37C6578FFC5FFD1FF16A9D5FC75FEF3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD936F3FFC5FFD1FF16A9D5FC75FEF3" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,818]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC5FFD1FF16A9D5FE5FFF68" box="[199,434,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Materials examined</emphasis>
|
||
. 4 ɗ 4 Ψ,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717663FFC5FFD1FDE2A9D5FD79FF6B" box="[563,660,152,178]" name="China" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">CHINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Yunnan, Baoshan, Baihualing,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9E9B16FFC5FFD1FBC3A9D5FB82FF6B" box="[1042,1135,152,178]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD81033FFC5FFD1FBACA9D5FB1AFF6B" box="[1149,1271,152,178]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="2006-05-23">23.V.2006</date>
|
||
, Xingyue Liu (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77AE36FFC5FFD1FF4EA98DFF0EFF03" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" box="[159,227,192,218]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" name="China Agricultural University" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">CAU</collectionCode>
|
||
); 6 ɗ 2 Ψ,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717663FFC5FFD1FEBFA98DFE22FF03" box="[366,463,192,218]" name="China" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">CHINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Yunnan, Baoshan, Baihualing,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9E9B16FFC5FFD1FC9EA98DFC43FF03" box="[847,942,192,218]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD81033FFC5FFD1FC6DA98DFBDAFF03" box="[956,1079,192,218]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="2006-05-22">22.V.2006</date>
|
||
, Xingyue Liu (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77AE36FFC5FFD1FB21A98DFAD9FF03" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" box="[1264,1332,192,218]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" name="China Agricultural University" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">CAU</collectionCode>
|
||
); 2 ɗ Ψ,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717663FFC5FFD1FF46A9A5FF14FEDB" box="[151,249,232,258]" name="China" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">CHINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Yunnan, Tengchong, Longchuanjiang,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9E9B16FFC5FFD1FD1DA9A5FCC5FEDB" box="[716,808,232,258]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="1050.0">1050 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD81033FFC5FFD1FCE4A9A5FC42FEDB" box="[821,943,232,258]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="2006-05-16">16.V.2006</date>
|
||
, Xingyue Liu (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77AE36FFC5FFD1FBB2A9A5FB4AFEDB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" box="[1123,1191,232,258]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" name="China Agricultural University" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">CAU</collectionCode>
|
||
); 3 ɗ,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717663FFC5FFD1FB27A9A5FAB5FEDB" box="[1270,1368,232,258]" name="China" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">CHINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Yunnan, Tengchong, Jietou,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9E9B16FFC5FFD1FE65A85DFDFDFEF3" box="[436,528,272,298]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD81033FFC5FFD1FDCDA85DFD7AFEF3" box="[540,663,272,298]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="2006-05-17">17.V.2006</date>
|
||
, Xingyue Liu (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77AE36FFC5FFD1FC96A85DFC66FEF3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" box="[839,907,272,298]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33074" name="China Agricultural University" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">CAU</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37C6578FFC5FFD1FF16A875FC86FE8B" box="[199,875,312,338]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD936F3FFC5FFD1FF16A875FC86FE8B" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,818]" box="[199,875,312,338]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC5FFD1FF16A875FEBBFE88" box="[199,342,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717663FFC5FFD1FEB4A875FE46FE8B" box="[357,427,312,338]" name="China" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Yunnan);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717663FFC5FFD1FDFFA875FD87FE8B" box="[558,618,312,338]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Arunachal Pradesh).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37C6578FFC5FFD1FF16A82DFBE2FCEB" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD936F3FFC5FFD1FF16A82DFBE2FCEB" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,818]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC5FFD1FF16A82DFEC0FEA0" box="[199,301,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D70FFC5FFD1FEECA82DFD63FEA0" box="[317,654,352,377]" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" genus="Protohermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arunachalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC5FFD1FEECA82DFD63FEA0" box="[317,654,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Protohermes arunachalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described by Ghosh (1991) based on a single male from Arunachal Pradesh,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717663FFC5FFD1FE12A8C5FDEEFE7B" box="[451,515,392,418]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ghosh (1991) also noted that this species closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D70FFC5FFD1FB16A8C5FEDDFE13" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" genus="Protohermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC5FFD1FB16A8C5FF53FE10" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Protohermes anticus</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DD8851FFC5FFD1FE0DA8FDFDE2FE13" box="[476,527,432,458]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen was not available for examination, the presence of a subcylindrical male tenth tergum with a ventral tuft according to the original illustration easily places this species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D70FFC5FFD1FA57A895FF1CFDC0" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" genus="Protohermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC5FFD1FA57A895FF1CFDC0" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. costalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. During our survey of western Yunnan,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717663FFC5FFD1FCC4AB4DFCB3FDC3" box="[789,862,512,538]" name="China" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, several individuals were found and identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D70FFC5FFD1FF46AB65FE85FD98" box="[151,360,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" genus="Protohermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arunachalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC5FFD1FF46AB65FE85FD98" box="[151,360,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. arunachalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, agreeing closely with the original description. The redescription of the male and description of the female was based on the specimens from western Yunnan. This species seems to be closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D70FFC5FFD1FF64AB35FE8DFD48" box="[181,352,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" genus="Protohermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC5FFD1FF64AB35FE8DFD48" box="[181,352,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. triangulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but can be separated from it by the trapezoidal posterior incision of the male ninth sternum. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D70FFC5FFD1FF67ABEDFE8EFD60" box="[182,355,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" genus="Protohermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangualtus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC5FFD1FF67ABEDFE8EFD60" box="[182,355,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. triangualtus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the male ninth sternum bears a V-shaped posterior incision. In the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D70FFC5FFD1FA57ABEDFEA7FD38" class="Insecta" family="Corydalidae" genus="Protohermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Megaloptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arunachalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC5FFD1FA57ABEDFEA7FD38" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. arunachalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a black squarish marking at the tip of the hindwing was mentioned, which is absent from our specimens as well as in the other species of the
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE1FFC5FFD1FD6EABBDFCDCFCD0" box="[703,817,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. c o s t a l i s</emphasis>
|
||
group. However, whether the black marking is a stable character or resulted from an aberrant individual should be investigated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |