treatments-xml/data/03/CF/87/03CF87A93138B513FF17F8BFF7B935CF.xml

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<mods:title>Review of the tribe Smicromyrmini Bischoff, 1920 (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Lelej, Arkady S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia. lelej @ biosoil. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7501 - 0981</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Williams, Kevin A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, California Department of Food &amp; Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832, USA. Kevin. Williams @ cdfa. ca. gov; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6073 - 1070</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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7. 
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[181,331,1831,1858]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Ephutomma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[336,527,1832,1858]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="45 - 60" refId="ref25074" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1899) Superfamilies in the Hymenoptera and generic synopses of the families Thynnidae, Myrmosidae, and Mutillidae. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 7, 45 - 60." type="journal article" year="1899">Ashmead, 1899</bibRefCitation>
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(
<figureCitation box="[159,288,1868,1895]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="12.[152,270,1822,1846]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,230,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-47@12.[151,1436,230,1799]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. 17–18. Ephucilla naja (Zavattari, 1913), ♁: 17. Lateral habitus, 18. Head, face view; 19–21. E. thalia (Mickel, 1933), ♀, holotype: 19. Dorsal habitus, 20. Lateral habitus, 21. Labels; 22–23. Ephutomma angustata (Skorikov, 1935), ♁: 22. Lateral habitus, 23. Head, face view; 24–25. E. fletcheri (Turner, 1911), ♀: 24. Dorsal habitus, 25. Lateral habitus. (Photographs by K. Williams, 19–21 from Integrated insect types database of Taiwanese species http://twinsecttype.nmns.edu. tw/specimen/?id=NMNS-SDEI-01389)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7575314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7575314/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Figs 22–25</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation box="[300,342,1868,1894]" captionStart="FIGURES 110–115" captionStartId="33.[152,270,1115,1139]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,181,1091]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[151,1436,181,1091]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 110–115. Smicromyrmini, ♀, pygidial plate (T6). 110.Andreimyrme rong Williams in Okayasu et al., 2021, holotype; 111. Dentilla curtiventris (André, 1901); 112. Ephucilla thalia (Mickel, 1933); 113. Ephutomma fletcheri (Turner, 1911); 114. Karunaratnea palatupanae Lelej, 2005, paratype; 115. Nemka viduata (Pallas, 1773). (Photographs by K. Williams andA. Lelej (114))." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7575342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7575342/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">113</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[151,480,1936,1961]" page="52" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="1899">
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1899: 52" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityPageNumber="52" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,480,1936,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephutomma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[151,272,1936,1960]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Ephutomma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[279,480,1936,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="45 - 60" refId="ref25074" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1899) Superfamilies in the Hymenoptera and generic synopses of the families Thynnidae, Myrmosidae, and Mutillidae. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 7, 45 - 60." type="journal article" year="1899">Ashmead, 1899: 52</bibRefCitation>
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, 53, ♁, 
<specimenCount box="[564,583,1937,1960]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
; 
<treatmentCitation author="Lelej, A. S." box="[598,762,1936,1961]" page="183" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation author="Lelej, A. S." box="[598,762,1936,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" refId="ref26618" refString="Lelej, A. S. (1985) Osy-nemki (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) Fauny SSSR i Sopredelnykh Stran [The Velvet Ants (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) of the USSR and Neighbouring Countries]. Nauka, Leningrad, 268 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1985">Lelej 1985: 183</bibRefCitation>
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, ♁, 
<specimenCount box="[807,826,1937,1960]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
; 
<treatmentCitation author="Lelej, A. S. &amp; Brothers, D. J." box="[840,1114,1936,1961]" page="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation author="Lelej, A. S. &amp; Brothers, D. J." box="[840,1114,1936,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref27054" refString="Lelej, A. S. &amp; Brothers, D. J. (2008) The genus-group names of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) and their type species, with a new genus, new name, new synonymies, new combinations and lectotypifications. Zootaxa, 1889 (1), 1 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1889.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Lelej &amp; Brothers 2008: 22</bibRefCitation>
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; 
<treatmentCitation author="Brothers, D. J. &amp; Lelej, A. S." box="[1126,1399,1936,1961]" page="95" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation author="Brothers, D. J. &amp; Lelej, A. S." box="[1126,1399,1936,1961]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref25501" refString="Brothers, D. J. &amp; Lelej, A. S. (2017) Phylogeny and higher classification of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) based on morphological reanalyses. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 60, 1 - 97. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 60.20091" type="journal article" year="2017">Brothers &amp; Lelej 2017: 95</bibRefCitation>
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, ♁, 
<specimenCount box="[199,218,1968,1991]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
; 
<treatmentCitation author="Pagliano, G. &amp; Brothers, D. J. &amp; Cambra, R. &amp; Lelej, A. S. &amp; Lo Cascio, P. &amp; Matteini Palmerini, M. &amp; Scaramozzino, P. L. &amp; Williams, K. A. &amp; Romano, M." box="[231,486,1967,1991]" page="172" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation author="Pagliano, G. &amp; Brothers, D. J. &amp; Cambra, R. &amp; Lelej, A. S. &amp; Lo Cascio, P. &amp; Matteini Palmerini, M. &amp; Scaramozzino, P. L. &amp; Williams, K. A. &amp; Romano, M." box="[231,486,1967,1991]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="5 - 425" refId="ref28648" refString="Pagliano, G., Brothers, D. J., Cambra, R., Lelej, A. S., Lo Cascio, P., Matteini Palmerini, M., Scaramozzino, P. L., Williams, K. A. &amp; Romano, M. (2020 [&quot; 2018 &quot;]) Checklist of names in Mutillidae (Hymenoptera), with illustrations of selected species. Bollettino del Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torin o, 36 (1 - 2), 5 - 425." type="journal article" year="2020">
Pagliano 
<emphasis box="[325,376,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">et al.</emphasis>
2020: 172
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. Junior subjective synonym of 
<taxonomicName authority="Andre, 1896" authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1896" box="[798,1099,1967,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Pseudophotopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[798,968,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Pseudophotopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Andre, E." box="[973,1099,1967,1991]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="261 - 277" refId="ref24703" refString="Andre, E. (1896) Notes pour servir a la connaissance de mutilles palearctiques et description de quelques especes nouvelles. Deuxieme partie. Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 9, 261 - 277." type="journal article" year="1896">André, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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according to 
<treatmentCitation author="Brothers, D. J." box="[1236,1433,1967,1991]" page="590" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="1975">
<bibRefCitation author="Brothers, D. J." box="[1236,1433,1967,1991]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="483 - 648" refId="ref25325" refString="Brothers, D. J. (1975) Phylogeny and classification of the aculeate Hymenoptera, with special reference to Mutillidae. The University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 50 (11), 483 - 648." type="journal article" year="1975">Brothers 1975: 590</bibRefCitation>
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. Resurrected as distinct genus and senior objective synonym of 
<taxonomicName authority="Suarez, 1965" authorityName="Suarez" authorityYear="1965" box="[831,1102,1998,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Eremomyrme" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[831,965,1999,2022]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Eremomyrme</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Suarez, F. J." box="[971,1102,1998,2022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="51 - 52" refId="ref29938" refString="Suarez, F. J. (1965) Nota sinonimica preliminar y propuesta del nombre generico Eremomyrme nom. nov. (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 44, 51 - 52." type="journal article" year="1965">Suárez, 1965</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<treatmentCitation author="Lelej, A. S. &amp; Kabakov, O. N." box="[1140,1425,1998,2022]" page="192" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation author="Lelej, A. S. &amp; Kabakov, O. N." box="[1140,1425,1998,2022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref27122" refString="Lelej, A. S. &amp; Kabakov, O. N. (1980) On Bradynobaenidae and Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) of Afghanistan. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 59 (1), 181 - 196. [in Russian, English translation: (1981) Entomological Review, 59 (1), 141 - 156]" type="journal article" year="1980">Lelej &amp; Kabakov 1980: 192</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="12" pageNumber="113">
<paragraph blockId="12.[151,1436,150,206]" box="[151,432,150,175]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">
<taxonomicName authority="Suarez, 1965" authorityName="Suarez" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,428,150,175]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Eremomyrme" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[151,287,151,174]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Eremomyrme</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Suarez, F. J." box="[293,428,150,175]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="51 - 52" refId="ref29938" refString="Suarez, F. J. (1965) Nota sinonimica preliminar y propuesta del nombre generico Eremomyrme nom. nov. (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 44, 51 - 52." type="journal article" year="1965">Suárez, 1965</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus box="[437,487,151,175]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Type</typeStatus>
species 
<taxonomicName authority="Dalla Torre, 1897" authorityName="Dalla Torre" authorityYear="1897" box="[573,965,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turcestanica">
<emphasis box="[573,778,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Mutilla turcestanica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Dalla Torre, C. G. de" box="[784,965,151,175]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" refId="ref25652" refString="Dalla Torre, C. G. de (1897) Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque Descriptorum Systematicus et Synonimicus. Vol. VIII. Fossores (Sphegidae). Guilelmi Engelmann, Lipsiae [Leipzig], [4] + viii + 750 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10348" type="book" year="1897">Dalla Torre, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ♁, by automatic designation. Junior objective synonym of 
<taxonomicName authority="Ashmead, 1899" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1899" box="[326,613,181,205]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephutomma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[326,448,181,205]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Ephutomma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[453,613,181,205]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="45 - 60" refId="ref25074" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1899) Superfamilies in the Hymenoptera and generic synopses of the families Thynnidae, Myrmosidae, and Mutillidae. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 7, 45 - 60." type="journal article" year="1899">Ashmead, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(unnecessary replacement name) according to 
<treatmentCitation author="Lelej, A. S. &amp; Kabakov, O. N." box="[1089,1376,181,205]" page="192" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation author="Lelej, A. S. &amp; Kabakov, O. N." box="[1089,1376,181,205]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref27122" refString="Lelej, A. S. &amp; Kabakov, O. N. (1980) On Bradynobaenidae and Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) of Afghanistan. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 59 (1), 181 - 196. [in Russian, English translation: (1981) Entomological Review, 59 (1), 141 - 156]" type="journal article" year="1980">Lelej &amp; Kabakov 1980: 192</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,350,1822,1846]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">FIGURES 17–25.</emphasis>
17–18. 
<taxonomicName authority="(Zavattari, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Zavattari" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[438,778,1823,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephucilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="naja">
<emphasis box="[438,591,1823,1847]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Ephucilla naja</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Zavattari, E." box="[608,770,1823,1847]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="19 - 42" refId="ref30605" refString="Zavattari, E. (1913) H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Mutillidae (Hym.). Archiv f ¸ r Naturgeschichte, Series A, 79 (3), 19 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7709" type="journal article" year="1913">Zavattari, 1913</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, ♁: 17. Lateral habitus, 18. Head, face view; 19–21. 
<taxonomicName authority="(Mickel, 1933)" baseAuthorityName="Mickel" baseAuthorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephucilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thalia">
<emphasis box="[1346,1436,1823,1847]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">E. thalia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Mickel, C. E." box="[158,301,1859,1883]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="381 - 423" refId="ref27764" refString="Mickel, C. E. (1933) The Mutillidae of Formosa. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 26 (2), 381 - 423. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 26.2.381" type="journal article" year="1933">Mickel, 1933</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, holotype: 19. Dorsal habitus, 20. Lateral habitus, 21. Labels; 22–23. 
<taxonomicName authority="(Skorikov, 1935)" baseAuthorityName="Skorikov" baseAuthorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephutomma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustata">
<emphasis box="[1088,1321,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">Ephutomma angustata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Skorikov, A. S." pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="257 - 349" refId="ref29635" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1935) Zur Mutilliden-Fauna Zentralasiens. Trudy Tadzhikskoi Basy Akademii Nauk SSSR, 5, 257 - 349, 7 pls. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1935">Skorikov, 1935</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, ♁: 22. Lateral habitus, 23. Head, face view; 24–25. 
<taxonomicName authority="(Turner, 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Turner" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[741,1006,1895,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephutomma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fletcheri">
<emphasis box="[741,852,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="113">E. fletcheri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Turner, R. E." box="[865,998,1895,1919]" pageId="12" pageNumber="113" pagination="141 - 154" refId="ref30341" refString="Turner, R. E. (1911) New Hymenoptera from Ceylon. Mutillidae and Scoliidae. Spolia Zeylanica, 7 (27), 141 - 154." type="journal article" year="1911">Turner, 1911</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀: 24. Dorsal habitus, 25. Lateral habitus. (Photographs by K. Williams, 19–21 from Integrated insect types database of Taiwanese species http://twinsecttype.nmns.edu. tw/specimen/?id=NMNS-SDEI-01389).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="114" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,302,150,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<typeStatus box="[151,210,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName authority="Dalla Torre, 1897" authorityName="Dalla Torre" authorityYear="1897" box="[320,767,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turcestanica">
<emphasis box="[320,550,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Mutilla turcestanica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Dalla Torre, C. G. de" box="[560,767,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" refId="ref25652" refString="Dalla Torre, C. G. de (1897) Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque Descriptorum Systematicus et Synonimicus. Vol. VIII. Fossores (Sphegidae). Guilelmi Engelmann, Lipsiae [Leipzig], [4] + viii + 750 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10348" type="book" year="1897">Dalla Torre, 1897</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ♁ (replacement name for 
<taxonomicName authority="Radoszkowski, 1877" authorityName="Radoszkowski" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
<emphasis box="[1083,1255,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Mutilla incerta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Radoszkowski, O." pageId="13" pageNumber="114" pagination="1 - 87" refId="ref29330" refString="Radoszkowski, O. (1877) Chrysidiformes, Mutillidae et Sphegidae. Puteshestvie v Turkestan A. P. Fedtshenko [Voyage au Turkestan d'Alexis Fedtschenko], Sankt-Petersburg, Series 14, 2 (5), 1 - 87, 3 pls. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1877">Radoszkowski, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ♁, not 
<bibRefCitation author="Spinola, M." box="[299,458,187,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" pagination="85 - 149" refId="ref29895" refString="Spinola, M. (1841) Hymenopteres recueillis a Cayenne en 1839 par M. Leprieur, pharmacien de la Marine Royale. Seconde Partie. Porte-Aiguillons. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 10, 85 - 149." type="journal article" year="1841">Spinola, 1841</bibRefCitation>
), by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="114" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,314,222,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. MALE. Mandible wide, tridentate, dorsal margin with heighly curved carina, beneath with large subbasal lobe. Clypeus concave, anterior border with medial projection with two teeth or tubercles. Forewing with three radiomedial and two discoidal cells. Stigmatic cell more or less sclerotized. Vosella lamellate, long narrow. FEMALE. Eyes elliptical, approximate, minimal distance between them 1.1–1.3 × longitudinal diameter. Clypeus with medial basal tubercle and curved down apical part. Mesosoma narrow and head somewhat wider than pronotum. T2 with large basal spot of pale setae and posterior band widened medially of same setae; T3 with pale band of pale setae. Pygidial plate elongated, sculptured with smooth apical part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,510,474,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Diversity and distribution</emphasis>
. Seventeen species are recognized in the genus; 10 based on males only, six based on females only, and one known from both sexes. Fifteen species are Palaearctic, 
<taxonomicName authority="(Turner, 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Turner" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1105,1407,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephutomma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fletcheri">
<emphasis box="[1105,1232,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">E. fletcheri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Turner, R. E." box="[1250,1399,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" pagination="141 - 154" refId="ref30341" refString="Turner, R. E. (1911) New Hymenoptera from Ceylon. Mutillidae and Scoliidae. Spolia Zeylanica, 7 (27), 141 - 154." type="journal article" year="1911">Turner, 1911</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is 
<collectingRegion box="[151,246,547,573]" country="Oman" name="Shamal ash Sharqiyah" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Oriental</collectingRegion>
, and 
<taxonomicName authority="(Magretti, 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Magretti" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[304,629,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephutomma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="somalica">
<emphasis box="[304,436,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">E. somalica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Magretti, P." box="[451,620,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" pagination="950 - 960" refId="ref27666" refString="Magretti, P. (1892 [&quot; 1890 - 1891 &quot;]) Di alcune specie d'Imenotteri raccolte dall'Ing. L. Bricchetti-Robecchi nel paese dei Somali. Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova. Series 2 °, 10 (30), 950 - 960." type="journal article" year="1892">Magretti, 1892</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is Afrotropical.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="114" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="13.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,308,583,609]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Remarks</emphasis>
. Like 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lelej" authorityYear="1980" box="[379,471,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Dentilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[379,471,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Dentilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, most species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1899" box="[661,796,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephutomma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[661,796,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="114">Ephutomma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are apparently nocturnal in behavior, but their body color is generally mostly black. 
<bibRefCitation author="Lelej, A. S." box="[446,604,618,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="114" refId="ref26618" refString="Lelej, A. S. (1985) Osy-nemki (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) Fauny SSSR i Sopredelnykh Stran [The Velvet Ants (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) of the USSR and Neighbouring Countries]. Nauka, Leningrad, 268 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1985">Lelej’s (1985)</bibRefCitation>
key includes about half of the currently recognized species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>