586 lines
94 KiB
XML
586 lines
94 KiB
XML
<document id="9A2A65F24E35ADEB69B90F4B92C09A57" ID-CLB-Dataset="26135" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4646.2.12" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f144db47-5259-4ca2-923e-f9ddaacddede" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3349391" ID-ZooBank="27EED11C-3EAF-4F13-B3BA-95AA53F9C342" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1563947368931" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chaban, Elena M., Ekimova, Irina A., Schepetov, Dimitry M. & Chernyshev, Alexei V." docDate="2019" docId="03BC9604FFAE045B57EE63C4FF0D3D0E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4646.2.12.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4646 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Scaphander grandis Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev 2019, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="395" masterDocId="FF85EE7CFFAA04515779604CFFFD3F31" masterDocTitle="Meloscaphander grandis (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea), a deep-water species from the North Pacific: Redescription and taxonomic remarks" masterLastPageNumber="400" masterPageNumber="385" pageNumber="389" updateTime="1698747160081" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="ACB210971E7C98EC3619A2C8092C6ADF">Meloscaphander grandis (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea), a deep-water species from the North Pacific: Redescription and taxonomic remarks</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5064EBE0872490BC25CC242FEA35C9D2">Chaban, Elena M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="28EDAB3760C92A611483229DE43CEA21">Ekimova, Irina A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="61553734388B0E6DF820408FB4824E55">Schepetov, Dimitry M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="ABF0D17BA1515FD82B6A7D09D4C74E01">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8E1718D4E4E91BD44AA8C42B173BB0D2">Chernyshev, Alexei V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0A94B00F60B5D5AEFA2BE6ADE5FD309C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="FCBDBA0C2FF497D179790EF1AA580FE3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="76AF5DA1F4435CDD851F5F26A888B2CD">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D87B5757DE73F6C3798AD66FFD52E2B5">2019-07-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="253D1DECF9DA581CC50C1338D37C716E">4646</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C30F7499FFAE045557EE63C4FD283C92" box="[151,725,904,931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAE045557EE63C4FD283C92" blockId="4.[151,725,904,967]" box="[151,725,904,931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">
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<heading id="D0E2907EFFAE045557EE63C4FD283C92" bold="true" box="[151,725,904,931]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAE045557EE63C4FD283C92" bold="true" box="[151,725,904,931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">
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<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAE045557EE63C4FD9E3C93" ID-CoL="7T47T" authority="(Minichev, 1967)" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[151,611,904,931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAE045557EE63C4FE763C92" bold="true" box="[151,395,904,931]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Scaphander grandis</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFAE045556E363C4FDA73C93" author="Minichev, Yu. S." box="[410,602,904,930]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" pagination="109 - 181" refId="ref8551" refString="Minichev, Yu. S. (1967) Studies on the morphology of the lower Opisthobranchia (on the evolutionary significance of the detorsion-process). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, 44, 109 - 181. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1967">Minichev, 1967</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFAE0455551363C4FD283C92" box="[618,725,904,931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" rank="species">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30F7499FFAE045557EE63E0FED23CF6" box="[151,303,940,967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAE045557EE63E0FED23CF6" blockId="4.[151,725,904,967]" box="[151,303,940,967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE045557E663E0FEDB3CF6" box="[159,294,940,967]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,787,812]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1549,1574]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1865,1890]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,1804,1829]" captionStartId-4="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionStartId-5="9.[151,250,1941,1966]" captionTargetBox-0="[155,1429,188,763]" captionTargetBox-1="[157,1429,843,1522]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetBox-5="[329,1255,171,1909]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[151,1436,181,768]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,834,1529]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetId-4="figure@8.[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetId-5="figure@9.[322,1266,166,1922]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="8" captionTargetPageId-5="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Distribution of Scaphander grandis comb. n. in the North Pacific." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Bayesian phylogenetic tree of the family Scaphandridae based on the concatenated dataset. Species-level clades are collapsed to a single specimen per species. Numbers above branches indicate the posterior probabilities, bellow—bootstrap support values. Distribution patterns are highlighted in color: Atlantic (blue), North Pacific (green), Indo-West Pacific (red). Sagaminopteron psychedelicum is chosen as outgroup. Studied specimen of Meloscaphander grandis is highlighted in bold." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Shell of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (A–C) Holotype ZISP 1/62440: ventral view (A), dorsal view (B), apical view (C), h = 33 mm. (D–I) Ventral views of the following specimens: (D, H) ZISP 2/62441, station 6-10, h = 9.7 mm (D), h = 18.1 mm (H); (E) station 1-13, h = 24 mm (photo by A. Majorova); (F) ZISP 3/62442, station 10-10, h = 21.5 mm; (G) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, h = 20.3 mm (photo by A.Majorova); (I) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, specimen for DNA, h = 16.7 mm (photo by A. Majorova)." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Anatomical details of Scaphander grandis comb. n. Specimen ZISP 3/62442 without shell: (A) dorsal view; (B) gizzard; (C, F) odontophore with radula; (D) anterior part of the digestive system; (E) gizzard paired plate, outer side; (G) gizzard unpaired plate, lateral view; (H, I) penis. Abbreviations: bb, buccal bulb; bc, bursa copulatrix; b.g, buccal ganglion; c, cephalic shield; cr, crop; d, prostate duct; es, esophagus; g, gill; gast, stomach; gpl, gizzard plate; mc, mantle coecum; n, kidney; pr, prostate; r, location of rachidals; re, retractor of buccal bulb; p.sh, penial sheath; s.gl, salivary gland. Scale bars: (A) 4 mm; (B, E–I) 2 mm; (D) 1 mm; and (C) 0.5 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Radula (A) and penial morphology (B) of Scaphander grandis comb. n. by Minichev, 1965, reconstructed using serial sections (C); a, b, c are sections through different parts of the male copulatory system. Abbreviations: pr, prostate; ps, penis. Scale bars: (A) 100 µm; (B) 0.5 mm; and (C) 200 µm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3349393/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3349395/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3349397/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3349399/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/3349403/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Figures 1–6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30F7499FFAE045557EE63BCFC703B39" box="[151,909,1008,1033]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAE045557EE63BCFC703B39" blockId="4.[151,909,1008,1033]" box="[151,909,1008,1033]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAE045557EE63BCFD5F3B39" ID-CoL="7S4WY" authority="Minichev, 1967: 130 - 134" authorityName="Minichev" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,674,1008,1033]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Meloscaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis">
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<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAE045557EE63BCFE683B39" box="[151,405,1008,1032]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Meloscaphander grandis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFAE045556E563BCFD5F3B39" author="Minichev, Yu. S." box="[412,674,1008,1033]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" pagination="109 - 181" refId="ref8551" refString="Minichev, Yu. S. (1967) Studies on the morphology of the lower Opisthobranchia (on the evolutionary significance of the detorsion-process). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, 44, 109 - 181. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1967">Minichev, 1967: 130–134</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs. 25–29; 1969: 43.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30F7499FFAE045957EE647BFDF83E56" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="393" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAE045557EE647BFB043B47" blockId="4.[151,1437,1078,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">
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<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAE045557EE647BFF2F3B60" bold="true" box="[151,210,1079,1105]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Type</emphasis>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B7D2D4FFFAE0455579A647BFB043B47" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2294326274" collectionCode="ZISP" collectorName="V Vityaz & Shell" elevation="4665" latitude="46.935" longLatPrecision="112" longitude="-143.98167" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" specimenCode="ZISP 1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54AE99B0FFAE0455579A647BFEB33B60" box="[227,334,1079,1105]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
, (
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||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE0455561C647BFE493B60" box="[357,436,1079,1105]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1865,1890]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Shell of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (A–C) Holotype ZISP 1/62440: ventral view (A), dorsal view (B), apical view (C), h = 33 mm. (D–I) Ventral views of the following specimens: (D, H) ZISP 2/62441, station 6-10, h = 9.7 mm (D), h = 18.1 mm (H); (E) station 1-13, h = 24 mm (photo by A. Majorova); (F) ZISP 3/62442, station 10-10, h = 21.5 mm; (G) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, h = 20.3 mm (photo by A.Majorova); (I) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, specimen for DNA, h = 16.7 mm (photo by A. Majorova)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349397/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
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A–C),
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||
<specimenCode id="DBB38F69FFAE0455557C647BFDAC3B60" box="[517,593,1079,1105]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">ZISP 1</specimenCode>
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||
/62440, North-East Pacific,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE045554E3647AFBED3B60" box="[922,1040,1078,1105]" degrees="46" direction="north" minutes="56.1" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="92" value="46.935">46º56.1’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE04555366647AFB5B3B60" box="[1055,1190,1078,1105]" degrees="143" direction="west" minutes="58.9" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="92" value="-143.98167">143º58.9’W</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<elevation id="0038C021FFAE045553CC647AFAA23B60" box="[1205,1375,1078,1105]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.665" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="4665.0">
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<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAE045553CC647AFAE93B60" box="[1205,1300,1078,1105]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.665" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="4665.0">4,665 m</quantity>
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depth
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</elevation>
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, R/
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||
<collectorName id="26E042C4FFAE045552F0647BFF263B44" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">
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||
V
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||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAE045557EE6410FF263B44" box="[151,219,1116,1141]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Vityaz</emphasis>
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||
</collectorName>
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||
, cruise 29, station 4158.
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||
<collectorName id="26E042C4FFAE0455568C6417FDD23B44" box="[501,559,1115,1141]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Shell</collectorName>
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||
length
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||
<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAE045555FB6417FD293B44" box="[642,724,1115,1141]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
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||
; shell width
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||
<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAE0455541B6417FC4C3B44" box="[866,945,1115,1141]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
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(the shell and the soft body).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAE045557BE6432FD973A18" blockId="4.[151,1437,1078,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">
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||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAE045557BE6432FE0A3BA8" bold="true" box="[199,503,1150,1177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Other material examined</emphasis>
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||
. KuramBio I: one specimen (photo) from the Pacific abyssal plain adjacent to the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench,
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<collectionCode id="ED04BFD7FFAE045556C564EFFE053B8C" box="[444,504,1187,1213]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
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||
, station 1-13,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE045555ED64EEFD2E3B8C" box="[660,723,1186,1213]" degrees="5,427" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="55" value="5.427">5,427</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE045555AA64EEFCDC3B8C" box="[723,801,1186,1213]" degrees="5,425" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="55" value="-5.425">
|
||
–
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||
<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAE0455559B64EEFCDC3B8C" box="[738,801,1186,1213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.425" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="5425.0">5,425</quantity>
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</geoCoordinate>
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m depth;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D13EC9BFFAE045554F664EFFBE63B8C" box="[911,1051,1187,1213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7D2D4FFFAE0455535C64EFFE253BD0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2294326273" collectionCode="MIMB" elevation="5300" latitude="5.293" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-5.307" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" specimenCode="MIMB 36540" specimenCount="3">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB38F69FFAE0455535C64EFFB3F3B8C" box="[1061,1218,1186,1213]" collectionCode="MIMB" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/063z-3mpp" name="Museum of the Institute of Marine Biology" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">MIMB 36540</specimenCode>
|
||
, station 6-9,
|
||
<elevation id="0038C021FFAE0455523664EEFEC33BD0" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="5.307" metricValueMin="5.292999999999999" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="5300.0" valueMax="5307.0" valueMin="5293.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAE0455523664EEFF093BD0" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="5.307" metricValueMin="5.292999999999999" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="5300.0" valueMax="5307.0" valueMin="5293.0">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE0455523664EEFA703B8C" box="[1359,1421,1186,1213]" degrees="5,293" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="55" value="5.293">5,293</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE045552F764EEFF2B3BD0" degrees="5,307" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="55" value="-5.307">– 5,307</geoCoordinate>
|
||
m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
depth
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D13EC9BFFAE04555633648BFE253BD0" box="[330,472,1223,1249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7D2D4FFFAE0455569D648BFBE53BD0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2294326271" box="[484,1048,1222,1249]" collectionCode="ZISP" elevation="5297" latitude="5.295" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-5.299" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" specimenCode="ZISP 2" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB38F69FFAE0455569D648BFDCF3BD0" box="[484,562,1223,1249]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">ZISP 2</specimenCode>
|
||
/62441, station 6-10,
|
||
<elevation id="0038C021FFAE0455545D648AFBE53BD0" box="[804,1048,1222,1249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.297" metricValueMax="5.2989999999999995" metricValueMin="5.295" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="5297.0" valueMax="5299.0" valueMin="5295.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAE0455545D648AFC333BD0" box="[804,974,1222,1249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.297" metricValueMax="5.2989999999999995" metricValueMin="5.295" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="5297.0" valueMax="5299.0" valueMin="5295.0">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE0455545D648AFC9F3BD0" box="[804,866,1222,1249]" degrees="5,295" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="55" value="5.295">5,295</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE0455541B648AFC4D3BD0" box="[866,944,1222,1249]" degrees="5,299" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="55" value="-5.299">–5,299</geoCoordinate>
|
||
m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
depth
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7D2D4FFFAE0455535D648BFD083A34" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2294326272" elevation="5125" latitude="5.124" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-5.125" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" specimenCount="1">
|
||
3 shells, ZMFEFU XII 43753/Ga 9383, station 8-10,
|
||
<elevation id="0038C021FFAE0455560A64A6FD9B3A34" box="[371,614,1258,1285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1245" metricValueMax="5.125" metricValueMin="5.124" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="5124.5" valueMax="5125.0" valueMin="5124.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAE0455560A64A6FDE03A34" box="[371,541,1258,1285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1245" metricValueMax="5.125" metricValueMin="5.124" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="5124.5" valueMax="5125.0" valueMin="5124.0">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE0455560A64A6FE4F3A34" box="[371,434,1258,1285]" degrees="5,124" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="55" value="5.124">5,124</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE045556CB64A6FE023A34" box="[434,511,1258,1285]" degrees="5,125" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="55" value="-5.125">–5,125</geoCoordinate>
|
||
m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
depth
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D13EC9BFFAE0455550B64A7FD083A34" box="[626,757,1259,1285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7D2D4FFFAE0455547864A7FAC33A34" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2294326275" box="[769,1342,1258,1285]" collectionCode="ZISP" elevation="5249" latitude="5.258" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-5.249" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" specimenCode="ZISP 3" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB38F69FFAE0455547864A7FCB03A34" box="[769,845,1259,1285]" collectionCode="ZISP" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">ZISP 3</specimenCode>
|
||
/62442, station 10-10,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE0455533664A6FB733A34" box="[1103,1166,1258,1285]" degrees="5,258" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="55" value="5.258">5,258</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAE045553F464A6FB263A34" box="[1165,1243,1258,1285]" degrees="5,249" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" precision="55" value="-5.249">
|
||
–
|
||
<elevation id="0038C021FFAE045553E564A6FB263A34" box="[1180,1243,1258,1285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.249" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="5249.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAE045553E564A6FB263A34" box="[1180,1243,1258,1285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.249" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="m" value="5249.0">5,249</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
m depth
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
(for detailed collection information see
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69712A9FFAE0455557E6543FDA43A18" box="[519,601,1295,1321]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,822,846]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,894,1367]" captionText="TABLE 1. Sites of sampling of the examined Scaphander grandis comb. n. specimens from the North-East Pacific abyssal plain." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6A779AFFAB045057EE637AFED43C42" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" tableUuid="DF6A779AFFAB045057EE637AFED43C42">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAE045557BE657EFBA43A40" blockId="4.[151,1437,1078,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAE045557BE657EFEC73A7C" bold="true" box="[199,314,1330,1357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Shell large, ovoid, wider in 1/3–1/2 of length, with partly visible spire. Penial sac divided into anterior part with fold-like penis and posterior part with curved strand of vacuolated cells.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAE045557BE6536FDF93978" blockId="4.[151,1437,1078,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAE045557BE6536FEAC3AA4" bold="true" box="[199,337,1402,1429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Description</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAE045556266536FE673AA4" bold="true" box="[351,410,1402,1429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Shell</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE045556D06537FE103AA4" box="[425,493,1403,1429]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1865,1890]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Shell of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (A–C) Holotype ZISP 1/62440: ventral view (A), dorsal view (B), apical view (C), h = 33 mm. (D–I) Ventral views of the following specimens: (D, H) ZISP 2/62441, station 6-10, h = 9.7 mm (D), h = 18.1 mm (H); (E) station 1-13, h = 24 mm (photo by A. Majorova); (F) ZISP 3/62442, station 10-10, h = 21.5 mm; (G) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, h = 20.3 mm (photo by A.Majorova); (I) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, specimen for DNA, h = 16.7 mm (photo by A. Majorova)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349397/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Large, ovoid, white, covered with pale yellow periostracum, with large body whorl and very small visible spire of 3–4.5 whorls. Studied specimens from
|
||
<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAE045554B965D3FBA03A88" box="[960,1117,1439,1465]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.135" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="0.97" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="mm" value="21.35" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="9.7">9.7 to 33 mm</quantity>
|
||
in shell height. Aperture as long as body whorl or slightly shorter, wider anteriorly and narrow posteriorly; outer lip thin, almost straight in the middle; inner lip S-curved, covered with thin callus extending to parietal wall. Shell sculpture consists of rounded or irregular pits (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE0455564E6647FE723914" box="[311,399,1546,1573]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
) in spiral lines with alternating rows of wider and narrow pits in smaller specimens. Animal can retreat into shell completely.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAE045557BE661FFA8739E8" blockId="4.[151,1437,1078,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAE045557BE661FFEE3395C" bold="true" box="[199,286,1619,1645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Radula</emphasis>
|
||
. Formula 15×1.1(0).1; lateral teeth curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE0455547C661FFC75395C" box="[773,904,1618,1645]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Figs. 5A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
), tapering at the top and bottom, with denticulation in the middle of the inner edge (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE0455554F663BFD6439A0" box="[566,665,1654,1681]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Figs. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE045555DC663BFD3639A3" box="[677,715,1655,1682]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1941,1966]" captionTargetBox="[329,1255,171,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[322,1266,166,1922]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Radula (A) and penial morphology (B) of Scaphander grandis comb. n. by Minichev, 1965, reconstructed using serial sections (C); a, b, c are sections through different parts of the male copulatory system. Abbreviations: pr, prostate; ps, penis. Scale bars: (A) 100 µm; (B) 0.5 mm; and (C) 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349403/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">6A</figureCitation>
|
||
); they can diverge far from each other (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE045553F2663BFB1C39A0" box="[1163,1249,1655,1681]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1804,1829]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anatomical details of Scaphander grandis comb. n. Specimen ZISP 3/62442 without shell: (A) dorsal view; (B) gizzard; (C, F) odontophore with radula; (D) anterior part of the digestive system; (E) gizzard paired plate, outer side; (G) gizzard unpaired plate, lateral view; (H, I) penis. Abbreviations: bb, buccal bulb; bc, bursa copulatrix; b.g, buccal ganglion; c, cephalic shield; cr, crop; d, prostate duct; es, esophagus; g, gill; gast, stomach; gpl, gizzard plate; mc, mantle coecum; n, kidney; pr, prostate; r, location of rachidals; re, retractor of buccal bulb; p.sh, penial sheath; s.gl, salivary gland. Scale bars: (A) 4 mm; (B, E–I) 2 mm; (D) 1 mm; and (C) 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349399/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
) providing wide grip. Tips of lateral teeth covered with chitin crown ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAE0455558466D7FCAE3984" box="[765,851,1691,1717]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="389" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
|
||
in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE045554B366D7FBDC3984" box="[970,1057,1690,1717]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rachidian teeth rectangular (fig. 6A); vestigial, located in immature part of radular tape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE0455547366F3FC9D39E8" box="[778,864,1727,1753]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1804,1829]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anatomical details of Scaphander grandis comb. n. Specimen ZISP 3/62442 without shell: (A) dorsal view; (B) gizzard; (C, F) odontophore with radula; (D) anterior part of the digestive system; (E) gizzard paired plate, outer side; (G) gizzard unpaired plate, lateral view; (H, I) penis. Abbreviations: bb, buccal bulb; bc, bursa copulatrix; b.g, buccal ganglion; c, cephalic shield; cr, crop; d, prostate duct; es, esophagus; g, gill; gast, stomach; gpl, gizzard plate; mc, mantle coecum; n, kidney; pr, prostate; r, location of rachidals; re, retractor of buccal bulb; p.sh, penial sheath; s.gl, salivary gland. Scale bars: (A) 4 mm; (B, E–I) 2 mm; (D) 1 mm; and (C) 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349399/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
|
||
), and in some posterior working rows of radula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAE045557BE66AEFC5E38E4" blockId="4.[151,1437,1078,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAE045557BE66AEFE8939CC" bold="true" box="[199,372,1762,1789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Digestive tract</emphasis>
|
||
. Small buccal mass connects dorsally to short wide esophagus and short narrow twisted salivary glands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE04555789674BFEB63810" box="[240,331,1799,1825]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1804,1829]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anatomical details of Scaphander grandis comb. n. Specimen ZISP 3/62442 without shell: (A) dorsal view; (B) gizzard; (C, F) odontophore with radula; (D) anterior part of the digestive system; (E) gizzard paired plate, outer side; (G) gizzard unpaired plate, lateral view; (H, I) penis. Abbreviations: bb, buccal bulb; bc, bursa copulatrix; b.g, buccal ganglion; c, cephalic shield; cr, crop; d, prostate duct; es, esophagus; g, gill; gast, stomach; gpl, gizzard plate; mc, mantle coecum; n, kidney; pr, prostate; r, location of rachidals; re, retractor of buccal bulb; p.sh, penial sheath; s.gl, salivary gland. Scale bars: (A) 4 mm; (B, E–I) 2 mm; (D) 1 mm; and (C) 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349399/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two strong muscle retractors attach to posterior end of buccal mass. Esophagus with thin-walled expansion (crop), opening into large muscular gizzard (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE0455546E6767FC8E3874" box="[791,883,1835,1861]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1804,1829]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anatomical details of Scaphander grandis comb. n. Specimen ZISP 3/62442 without shell: (A) dorsal view; (B) gizzard; (C, F) odontophore with radula; (D) anterior part of the digestive system; (E) gizzard paired plate, outer side; (G) gizzard unpaired plate, lateral view; (H, I) penis. Abbreviations: bb, buccal bulb; bc, bursa copulatrix; b.g, buccal ganglion; c, cephalic shield; cr, crop; d, prostate duct; es, esophagus; g, gill; gast, stomach; gpl, gizzard plate; mc, mantle coecum; n, kidney; pr, prostate; r, location of rachidals; re, retractor of buccal bulb; p.sh, penial sheath; s.gl, salivary gland. Scale bars: (A) 4 mm; (B, E–I) 2 mm; (D) 1 mm; and (C) 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349399/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gizzard with tree gizzard plates. Paired plates large, irregularly-oval (sub-quadrate) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE0455553D6703FD393858" box="[580,708,1871,1897]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1804,1829]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anatomical details of Scaphander grandis comb. n. Specimen ZISP 3/62442 without shell: (A) dorsal view; (B) gizzard; (C, F) odontophore with radula; (D) anterior part of the digestive system; (E) gizzard paired plate, outer side; (G) gizzard unpaired plate, lateral view; (H, I) penis. Abbreviations: bb, buccal bulb; bc, bursa copulatrix; b.g, buccal ganglion; c, cephalic shield; cr, crop; d, prostate duct; es, esophagus; g, gill; gast, stomach; gpl, gizzard plate; mc, mantle coecum; n, kidney; pr, prostate; r, location of rachidals; re, retractor of buccal bulb; p.sh, penial sheath; s.gl, salivary gland. Scale bars: (A) 4 mm; (B, E–I) 2 mm; (D) 1 mm; and (C) 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349399/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Figs. 4B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE045555B66702FCF23858" box="[719,783,1870,1897]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Unpaired plate narrow, flattened laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE045553826703FAA23858" box="[1275,1375,1871,1897]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1804,1829]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anatomical details of Scaphander grandis comb. n. Specimen ZISP 3/62442 without shell: (A) dorsal view; (B) gizzard; (C, F) odontophore with radula; (D) anterior part of the digestive system; (E) gizzard paired plate, outer side; (G) gizzard unpaired plate, lateral view; (H, I) penis. Abbreviations: bb, buccal bulb; bc, bursa copulatrix; b.g, buccal ganglion; c, cephalic shield; cr, crop; d, prostate duct; es, esophagus; g, gill; gast, stomach; gpl, gizzard plate; mc, mantle coecum; n, kidney; pr, prostate; r, location of rachidals; re, retractor of buccal bulb; p.sh, penial sheath; s.gl, salivary gland. Scale bars: (A) 4 mm; (B, E–I) 2 mm; (D) 1 mm; and (C) 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349399/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Figs. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE045552136702FA6D3858" box="[1386,1424,1870,1897]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">5G</figureCitation>
|
||
). All three plates with central thick area and thinner periphery. Microsculpture of periphery consists of small pits and tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE0455567267DBFE9D3880" box="[267,352,1942,1969]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE0455561967DAFE933880" box="[352,366,1942,1969]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1865,1890]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Shell of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (A–C) Holotype ZISP 1/62440: ventral view (A), dorsal view (B), apical view (C), h = 33 mm. (D–I) Ventral views of the following specimens: (D, H) ZISP 2/62441, station 6-10, h = 9.7 mm (D), h = 18.1 mm (H); (E) station 1-13, h = 24 mm (photo by A. Majorova); (F) ZISP 3/62442, station 10-10, h = 21.5 mm; (G) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, h = 20.3 mm (photo by A.Majorova); (I) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, specimen for DNA, h = 16.7 mm (photo by A. Majorova)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349397/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">3</figureCitation>
|
||
); narrow area between central part and periphery consists of irregularly arranged polygons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE0455521667DBFF4738E4" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE045557C367F6FF3838E4" box="[186,197,1978,2005]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,250,787,812]" captionTargetBox="[155,1429,188,763]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,768]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution of Scaphander grandis comb. n. in the North Pacific." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349393/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">1</figureCitation>
|
||
); polygons of central area filled with reticular matrix (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE0455545E67F7FC7B38E4" box="[807,902,1978,2005]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">Figs. 5F</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAE045554FE67F6FC6B38E4" box="[903,918,1978,2005]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1549,1574]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,843,1522]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,834,1529]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bayesian phylogenetic tree of the family Scaphandridae based on the concatenated dataset. Species-level clades are collapsed to a single specimen per species. Numbers above branches indicate the posterior probabilities, bellow—bootstrap support values. Distribution patterns are highlighted in color: Atlantic (blue), North Pacific (green), Indo-West Pacific (red). Sagaminopteron psychedelicum is chosen as outgroup. Studied specimen of Meloscaphander grandis is highlighted in bold." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349395/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="389">2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6A779AFFAF045457EE635FFC473C1D" box="[151,954,787,812]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349393/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="390" startId="5.[151,250,787,812]" targetBox="[155,1429,188,763]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAF045457EE635FFC473C1D" blockId="5.[151,954,787,812]" box="[151,954,787,812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAF045457EE635FFEF03C1D" bold="true" box="[151,269,787,812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
|
||
. Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAF045456CF6358FD7F3C1D" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[438,642,788,812]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="390" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAF045456CF6358FD7F3C1D" box="[438,642,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">Scaphander grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFAF045455F06358FD183C1D" box="[649,741,788,812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAF045455F06358FD183C1D" bold="true" box="[649,741,788,812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in the North Pacific.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6A779AFFAF045457EE6641FA7D39A3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349395/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="390" startId="5.[151,250,1549,1574]" targetBox="[157,1429,843,1522]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAF045457EE6641FA7D39A3" blockId="5.[151,1437,1549,1682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAF045457EE6641FEF23917" bold="true" box="[151,271,1549,1574]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Bayesian phylogenetic tree of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAF045455BE6641FCA13917" authorityName="G. O. Sars" authorityYear="1878" box="[711,860,1549,1574]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="390" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Scaphandridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the concatenated dataset. Species-level clades are collapsed to a single specimen per species. Numbers above branches indicate the posterior probabilities, bellow—bootstrap support values. Distribution patterns are highlighted in color: Atlantic (blue), North Pacific (green), Indo-West Pacific (red).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAF045457EE6636FE2439A3" authorityName="Carlson & Hoff" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,473,1658,1682]" class="Gastropoda" family="Gastropteridae" genus="Sagaminopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="390" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="psychedelicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAF045457EE6636FE2439A3" box="[151,473,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">Sagaminopteron psychedelicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is chosen as outgroup. Studied specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAF045454E56636FB6739A3" authorityName="Minichev" authorityYear="1967" box="[924,1178,1658,1682]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Meloscaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="390" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAF045454E56636FB6739A3" box="[924,1178,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">Meloscaphander grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is highlighted in bold.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAF045457BE668CFB853812" blockId="5.[151,1437,1728,2042]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAF045457BE668CFE1F39EB" bold="true" box="[199,482,1728,1754]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">Male copulatory system</emphasis>
|
||
. Prostate cylindrical (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAF045455AF668CFCD239EB" box="[726,815,1728,1754]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1804,1829]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anatomical details of Scaphander grandis comb. n. Specimen ZISP 3/62442 without shell: (A) dorsal view; (B) gizzard; (C, F) odontophore with radula; (D) anterior part of the digestive system; (E) gizzard paired plate, outer side; (G) gizzard unpaired plate, lateral view; (H, I) penis. Abbreviations: bb, buccal bulb; bc, bursa copulatrix; b.g, buccal ganglion; c, cephalic shield; cr, crop; d, prostate duct; es, esophagus; g, gill; gast, stomach; gpl, gizzard plate; mc, mantle coecum; n, kidney; pr, prostate; r, location of rachidals; re, retractor of buccal bulb; p.sh, penial sheath; s.gl, salivary gland. Scale bars: (A) 4 mm; (B, E–I) 2 mm; (D) 1 mm; and (C) 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349399/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
), rounded at the end. Prostate connected with penial sac by narrow duct folded near the sac. Penial sac (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAF045455D066A8FD0A39CF" box="[681,759,1764,1790]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1804,1829]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anatomical details of Scaphander grandis comb. n. Specimen ZISP 3/62442 without shell: (A) dorsal view; (B) gizzard; (C, F) odontophore with radula; (D) anterior part of the digestive system; (E) gizzard paired plate, outer side; (G) gizzard unpaired plate, lateral view; (H, I) penis. Abbreviations: bb, buccal bulb; bc, bursa copulatrix; b.g, buccal ganglion; c, cephalic shield; cr, crop; d, prostate duct; es, esophagus; g, gill; gast, stomach; gpl, gizzard plate; mc, mantle coecum; n, kidney; pr, prostate; r, location of rachidals; re, retractor of buccal bulb; p.sh, penial sheath; s.gl, salivary gland. Scale bars: (A) 4 mm; (B, E–I) 2 mm; (D) 1 mm; and (C) 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349399/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="FFAB01D2FFAF045455A766A8FD0A39CF" box="[734,759,1764,1790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">4I</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) elongate, divided into anterior part with fold-like penis and posterior part with curved strand of vacuolated cells (probably for supporting functions).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAF045757BE6767FDF63E72" blockId="5.[151,1437,1728,2042]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,153,539]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="391" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAF045457BE6767FD763877" bold="true" box="[199,651,1835,1862]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">Additional data on copulatory system</emphasis>
|
||
. The soft body of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AE99B0FFAF045454F16760FC173877" box="[904,1002,1836,1862]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is too fragile to dissect the penial sac. The description of the male copulatory system in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAF045455AD671CFC44385B" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[724,953,1872,1898]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="390" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAF045455AD671CFC44385B" box="[724,953,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">Scaphander grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFAF045454BB671CFBD6385B" box="[962,1067,1872,1898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAF045454BB671CFBD6385B" bold="true" box="[962,1067,1872,1898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was not published by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFAF04545248671CFF1938BE" author="Minichev, Yu. S." pageId="5" pageNumber="390" pagination="109 - 181" refId="ref8551" refString="Minichev, Yu. S. (1967) Studies on the morphology of the lower Opisthobranchia (on the evolutionary significance of the detorsion-process). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, 44, 109 - 181. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1967">Minichev (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but he described it in his PhD thesis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFAF045455EB6738FC6B38BF" author="Minichev, Yu. S." box="[658,918,1907,1934]" pageId="5" pageNumber="390" refId="ref8473" refString="Minichev, Yu. S. (1965) Essays on the morphology of primitive opisthobranch mollusks (Cephalaspidea). PhD thesis. Leningrad, Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences of USSR, 263 pp. [In Russian]" type="book" year="1965">Minichev 1965: 48–49</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 33). To compare our specimens from the North-West Pacific with the type specimens, we provide here the drawing (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAF0454535A67D4FB9A3882" box="[1059,1127,1944,1971]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1941,1966]" captionTargetBox="[329,1255,171,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[322,1266,166,1922]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Radula (A) and penial morphology (B) of Scaphander grandis comb. n. by Minichev, 1965, reconstructed using serial sections (C); a, b, c are sections through different parts of the male copulatory system. Abbreviations: pr, prostate; ps, penis. Scale bars: (A) 100 µm; (B) 0.5 mm; and (C) 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349403/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the description of the copulatory system from Minichev’s thesis (1965, Fig. 33): “
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAF0457543B67F0FE053E72" italics="true" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="391" pageId="5" pageNumber="390">Penial sac is lined by ciliary epithelium, … the penis proper is a muscular protrusion on the dorsal wall of the sac. The saccular part of prostate is partitioned by septa into numerous chambers; secretory epithelium is formed by large basophilic cells; their plasma is filled with gran- ules; nuclei are irregular in shape and contain two nucleoli. The duct of prostatic gland is filled with a mass of small-sized rounded nuclear elements (Fig. 33B-B). Strands of large vacuolated cells are arranged along the lateral walls of the duct. It is probable that these strands perform a supporting function; the nuclei are very small and ap- parently absent in some of cells</emphasis>
|
||
”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAC045757BE6100FD693D2A" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAC045757BE6100FEFD3E56" bold="true" box="[199,256,332,359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">Diet.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFAC045756706101FE3A3E59" author="Minichev, Yu. S." box="[265,455,333,360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="391" pagination="109 - 181" refId="ref8551" refString="Minichev, Yu. S. (1967) Studies on the morphology of the lower Opisthobranchia (on the evolutionary significance of the detorsion-process). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, 44, 109 - 181. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1967">Minichev (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that the crops of the studied specimens are filled with sand and debris of bi- valves. We found also foraminifers in the crop of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AE99B0FFAC0457559C613DFCB63EBA" box="[741,843,369,395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="391" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The fatty acid (FA) composition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAC045753A4613DFAB33EBA" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1245,1358,369,395]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="391" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAC045753A4613DFAB33EBA" box="[1245,1358,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">S. grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFAC0457522D613DFF533E9E" pageId="6" pageNumber="391" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAC0457522D613DFF533E9E" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFAC045756F961D9FD563E9E" author="Kharlamenko, V. I. & Wurzberg, L. & Peters, J. & Borisovets, E. E." box="[384,683,404,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="391" pagination="389 - 398" refId="ref8068" refString="Kharlamenko, V. I., Wurzberg, L., Peters, J. & Borisovets, E. E. (2015) Fatty acid compositions and trophic relationships of shelled molluscs from the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench and the adjacent abyssal plain. Deep Sea Research Part II: Tropical Studies in Oceanography, 111, 389 - 398. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2014.09.002" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Kharlamenko
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAC0457555961DAFDAF3E9E" box="[544,594,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2015)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(based on the specimens (from station 6) which were nevertheless wrongly identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAC045756F361F6FDDC3EE2" authorityName="Minichev" authorityYear="1966" box="[394,545,442,467]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cylichnidae" genus="Paracteocina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="391" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAC045756F361F6FDDC3EE2" box="[394,545,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">Paracteocina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.): according to these data, the FA composition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAC0457531161F5FB273EE2" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1128,1242,441,467]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="391" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAC0457531161F5FB273EE2" box="[1128,1242,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">S. grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is close to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAC045757EE6191FEE53EC6" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[151,280,477,503]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="391" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lignarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAC045757EE6191FEE53EC6" box="[151,280,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">S. lignarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and may reflect a diet rich in microorganisms. The gizzard of the specimen from station 6-10 was filled with detritus, sand, and diatoms (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFAC04575572624DFD783D2A" box="[523,645,512,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,381,1819]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">Figs. 5H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6A779AFFAC045757EE6705FEBA38C3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349397/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="391" startId="6.[151,250,1865,1890]" targetBox="[151,1435,561,1845]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAC045757EE6705FEBA38C3" blockId="6.[151,1436,1865,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAC045757EE6705FEF33853" bold="true" box="[151,270,1865,1890]" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAC0457560D6706FDBF3853" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[372,578,1866,1890]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="391" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAC0457560D6706FDBF3853" box="[372,578,1866,1890]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">Scaphander grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFAC045755336706FD5A3853" box="[586,679,1866,1890]" pageId="6" pageNumber="391" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAC045755336706FD5A3853" bold="true" box="[586,679,1866,1890]" pageId="6" pageNumber="391">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(A–C) Holotype ZISP 1/62440: ventral view (A), dorsal view (B), apical view (C), h = 33 mm. (D–I) Ventral views of the following specimens: (D, H) ZISP 2/62441, station 6-10, h = 9.7 mm (D), h = 18.1 mm (H); (E) station 1-13, h = 24 mm (photo by A. Majorova); (F) ZISP 3/62442, station 10-10, h = 21.5 mm; (G) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, h = 20.3 mm (photo by A.Majorova); (I) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, specimen for DNA, h = 16.7 mm (photo by A. Majorova).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAD045657BE60D4FB9A3FCA" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,251]" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045657BE60D4FEA43F82" bold="true" box="[199,345,152,179]" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. This species was originally described from the North-East Pacific abyssal plain at a depth of
|
||
<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAD045657EE60F0FF093FE6" box="[151,244,188,215]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.665" pageId="7" pageNumber="392" unit="m" value="4665.0">4,665 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFAD0456567D60F1FE463FE9" author="Minichev, Yu. S." box="[260,443,189,216]" pageId="7" pageNumber="392" pagination="109 - 181" refId="ref8551" refString="Minichev, Yu. S. (1967) Studies on the morphology of the lower Opisthobranchia (on the evolutionary significance of the detorsion-process). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, 44, 109 - 181. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1967">Minichev, 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the present work, the geographic distribution record is expanded to the North-West Pacific abyssal plain, where the specimens were collected at a depth of
|
||
<quantity id="4CED8AF7FFAD045654CE60ACFB9E3FCA" box="[951,1123,224,251]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.275499999999999" metricValueMax="5.427" metricValueMin="5.124" pageId="7" pageNumber="392" unit="m" value="5275.5" valueMax="5427.0" valueMin="5124.0">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAD045654CE60ACFC0B3FCA" box="[951,1014,224,251]" degrees="5,124" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="392" precision="55" value="5.124">5,124</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2141D5FFAD0456548F60ACFBBE3FCA" box="[1014,1091,224,251]" degrees="5,427" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="392" precision="55" value="-5.427">–5,427</geoCoordinate>
|
||
m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6A779AFFAD045657EE6740FDAC38E9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349399/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="392" startId="7.[151,250,1804,1829]" targetBox="[151,1435,273,1785]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFAD045657EE6740FDAC38E9" blockId="7.[151,1437,1804,2009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045657EE6740FEF33814" bold="true" box="[151,270,1804,1829]" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||
. Anatomical details of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFAD045656866740FD313815" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[511,716,1804,1828]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="392" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045656866740FD313815" box="[511,716,1804,1828]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">Scaphander grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFAD045655AD6741FCCC3814" box="[724,817,1805,1829]" pageId="7" pageNumber="392" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045655AD6741FCCC3814" bold="true" box="[724,817,1805,1829]" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Specimen ZISP 3/62442 without shell: (A) dorsal view; (B) gizzard; (C, F) odontophore with radula; (D) anterior part of the digestive system; (E) gizzard paired plate, outer side; (G) gizzard unpaired plate, lateral view; (H, I) penis. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045654526718FCB9385D" box="[811,836,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">bb</emphasis>
|
||
, buccal bulb;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045654AF6718FC13385D" box="[982,1006,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">bc</emphasis>
|
||
, bursa copulatrix;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045653D76718FB29385D" box="[1198,1236,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">b.g,</emphasis>
|
||
buccal ganglion;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045652F26719FA60385D" box="[1419,1437,1877,1900]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">c,</emphasis>
|
||
cephalic shield;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045656436735FEAE38A1" box="[314,339,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">cr,</emphasis>
|
||
crop;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045656EB6734FE5838A1" box="[402,421,1912,1936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">d,</emphasis>
|
||
prostate duct;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045655406735FDB338A1" box="[569,590,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">es</emphasis>
|
||
, esophagus;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045655A96735FD1F38A1" box="[720,738,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">g,</emphasis>
|
||
gill;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD0456546E6735FCBC38A1" box="[791,833,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">gast</emphasis>
|
||
, stomach;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045654D76734FC3338A1" box="[942,974,1912,1936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">gpl</emphasis>
|
||
, gizzard plate;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045653116735FB7B38A1" box="[1128,1158,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">mc</emphasis>
|
||
, mantle coecum;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045652416735FAB738A1" box="[1336,1354,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">n,</emphasis>
|
||
kidney;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD045657EE67D1FF533885" box="[151,174,1949,1972]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">pr</emphasis>
|
||
, prostate;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD0456566167D1FEDF3885" box="[280,290,1949,1972]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">r</emphasis>
|
||
, location of rachidals;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD0456557267D1FDE23885" box="[523,543,1949,1972]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">re</emphasis>
|
||
, retractor of buccal bulb;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD0456545E67D0FCAD3885" box="[807,848,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">p.sh</emphasis>
|
||
, penial sheath;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFAD0456548967D0FBE93885" box="[1008,1044,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="392">s.gl</emphasis>
|
||
, salivary gland. Scale bars: (A) 4 mm; (B, E–I) 2 mm; (D) 1 mm; and (C) 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFA2045957BE60D5FDF83E56" blockId="8.[151,1437,153,359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA2045957BE60D5FEC63F82" bold="true" box="[199,315,153,179]" pageId="8" pageNumber="393">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
We identified the studied specimens as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA20459558660D5FC1F3F82" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[767,994,153,179]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="393" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA20459558660D5FC1F3F82" box="[767,994,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="393">Scaphander grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFA20459549060D5FBAD3F82" box="[1001,1104,153,179]" pageId="8" pageNumber="393" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA20459549060D5FBAD3F82" bold="true" box="[1001,1104,153,179]" pageId="8" pageNumber="393">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA20459532760D5FAF13F85" author="Minichev, Yu. S." box="[1118,1292,153,180]" pageId="8" pageNumber="393" pagination="109 - 181" refId="ref8551" refString="Minichev, Yu. S. (1967) Studies on the morphology of the lower Opisthobranchia (on the evolutionary significance of the detorsion-process). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, 44, 109 - 181. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1967">Minichev 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) due to their similarity to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AE99B0FFA20459563760F1FE833FE6" box="[334,382,189,215]" pageId="8" pageNumber="393">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens in shell, gizzard plates, and penial morphology (see Description). The morphologi- cal analyses confirm the placement of this species in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA20459542B60ADFC253FCA" authorityName="Montfort" authorityYear="1810" box="[850,984,225,251]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="393" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA20459542B60ADFC253FCA" box="[850,984,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="393">Scaphander</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: radula bears single, hamate lateral teeth and a vestigial rachidian tooth; penis is unarmed, connected to the prostate by a long duct; gizzard has two large sub-triangular plates and an unpaired one. All these traits are characteristics of the genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA2045953E26165FF223E56" author="Eilertsen, M. H. & Malaquias, M. A. E." pageId="8" pageNumber="393" pagination="512 - 525" refId="ref7646" refString="Eilertsen, M. H. & Malaquias, M. A. E. (2013 a) Unique digestive system, trophic specialization, and diversification in the deepsea gastropod genus Scaphander. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 109, 512 - 525. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12069" type="journal article" year="2013">Eilertsen & Malaquias 2013a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA2045957936101FE073E56" author="Valdes, A. & McLean, J. H." box="[234,506,332,359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="393" pagination="118 - 125" refId="ref9532" refString="Valdes, A. & McLean, J. H. (2015) On two abyssal species of Scaphandridae G. O. Sars, 1878 (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea) from the eastern Pacific. The Nautilus, 129 (3), 118 - 125." type="journal article" year="2015">Valdés & McLean 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF6A779AFFA2045957EE6762FD9E38E7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349401/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="393" startId="8.[151,250,1838,1863]" targetBox="[151,1435,381,1819]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFA2045957EE6762FD9E38E7" blockId="8.[151,1437,1838,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA2045957EE6762FEF33876" bold="true" box="[151,270,1838,1863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="393">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
|
||
. Morphology of radula and gizzard plates of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA2045955A56763FC543876" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[732,937,1839,1863]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="8" pageNumber="393" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA2045955A56763FC543876" box="[732,937,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="393">Scaphander grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFA2045954C86763FBF03876" box="[945,1037,1839,1863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="393" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA2045954C86763FBF03876" bold="true" box="[945,1037,1839,1863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="393">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(SEM). (A–С) radula: (A) lateral view of lateral teeth, (B) top view, and (C) denticles of the lateral tooth; (D) spiral sculpture of shell; (E, F) paired gizzard plates; (F1–F3) microsculpture of different zones of the paired gizzard plate, according to the designation to the plate in Fig. F; (G) unpaired plate; (H, I) gizzard contents. The end of tooth crown is indicated by asterisk. Scale bars: (A, B, D, H) 100 µm; (C, I) 50 µm; (D1–D3) 10 µm; and (E, F, G) 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6A779AFFA3045857EE67D9FD0238C7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349403/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="394" startId="9.[151,250,1941,1966]" targetBox="[329,1255,171,1909]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFA3045857EE67D9FD0238C7" blockId="9.[151,1436,1941,2038]" pageId="9" pageNumber="394">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA3045857EE67D9FEF3389F" bold="true" box="[151,270,1941,1966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="394">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
|
||
. Radula (A) and penial morphology (B) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA3045855B767DAFC61389F" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[718,924,1942,1966]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="394" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA3045855B767DAFC61389F" box="[718,924,1942,1966]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="394">Scaphander grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFA3045854DA67DAFBFD389F" box="[931,1024,1942,1966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="394" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA3045854DA67DAFBFD389F" bold="true" box="[931,1024,1942,1966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="394">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA30458535167D9FB37389F" author="Minichev, Yu. S." box="[1064,1226,1941,1966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="394" refId="ref8473" refString="Minichev, Yu. S. (1965) Essays on the morphology of primitive opisthobranch mollusks (Cephalaspidea). PhD thesis. Leningrad, Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences of USSR, 263 pp. [In Russian]" type="book" year="1965">Minichev, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, reconstructed using serial sections (C); a, b, c are sections through different parts of the male copulatory system. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA30458538267F7FAEF38E3" box="[1275,1298,1979,2002]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="394">pr</emphasis>
|
||
, prostate;
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA30458520667F7FA6B38E3" box="[1407,1430,1979,2002]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="394">ps</emphasis>
|
||
, penis. Scale bars: (A) 100 µm; (B) 0.5 mm; and (C) 200 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30F7499FFA0045B57BE60D5FF0D3D0E" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFA0045B57BE60D5FDBC3EBA" blockId="10.[151,1437,153,575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B57BE60D5FE513F82" ID-CoL="7T47T" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[199,428,153,179]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B57BE60D5FE513F82" box="[199,428,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">Scaphander grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFA0045B56CC60D5FDE33F82" box="[437,542,153,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B56CC60D5FDE33F82" bold="true" box="[437,542,153,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from the other two species, which were described as members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B521660D6FED23FE6" ID-CoL="0a8bfb3e-d806-4799-a02e-0a855a797122" authorityName="Schepman" authorityYear="1913" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Meloscaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B521660D6FED23FE6" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">Meloscaphander</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in shell proportions and penial morphology (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69712A9FFA0045B544D60F1FC713FE6" box="[820,908,189,215]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,239,890,916]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 4. Comparative characters of the species described in the binomen with Meloscaphander." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6A779AFFA1045A57EE6336FB4D3CA5" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" tableUuid="DF6A779AFFA1045A57EE6336FB4D3CA5">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B54D860F1FBEE3FE6" ID-CoL="7T47T" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[929,1043,189,215]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B54D860F1FBEE3FE6" box="[929,1043,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">S. grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFA0045B536360F1FB7C3FE6" box="[1050,1153,189,215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B536360F1FB7C3FE6" bold="true" box="[1050,1153,189,215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from all the other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B567460ADFE6E3FCA" ID-CoL="7PGB9" authorityName="Montfort" authorityYear="1810" box="[269,403,225,251]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B567460ADFE6E3FCA" box="[269,403,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">Scaphander</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the visible shell spire. The sub-quadrate gizzard plates of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B533960ADFB4F3FCA" ID-CoL="7T47T" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[1088,1202,225,251]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B533960ADFB4F3FCA" box="[1088,1202,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">S. grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFA0045B53C060ADFAE23FCA" box="[1209,1311,225,251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B53C060ADFAE23FCA" bold="true" box="[1209,1311,225,251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are similar to the plates of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B563F6149FDA13E2E" ID-CoL="6Y3Z9" authority="Watson, 1883" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1883" box="[326,604,261,287]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mundus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B563F6149FE473E2E" box="[326,442,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">S. mundus</emphasis>
|
||
Watson, 1883
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA0045B55EE6149FCD83E2E" author="Valdes, A." box="[663,805,261,287]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" pagination="587 - 792" refId="ref9434" refString="Valdes, A. (2008) Deep-sea " cephalaspidean " heterobranchs (Gastropoda) from the tropical southwest Pacific. In: Heros, V., Cowie, R. H., Bouchet, P. (Eds.), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos 25. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 196, 587 - 792." type="journal article" year="2008">Valdés 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 42, E) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B54986149FB053E2E" ID-CoL="6XRYW" authority="Dall, 1890" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1890" box="[993,1272,261,287]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="interruptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B54986149FB843E2E" box="[993,1145,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">S. interruptus</emphasis>
|
||
Dall, 1890
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA0045B524D6149FECA3E72" author="Valdes, A. & McLean, J. H." pageId="10" pageNumber="395" pagination="118 - 125" refId="ref9532" refString="Valdes, A. & McLean, J. H. (2015) On two abyssal species of Scaphandridae G. O. Sars, 1878 (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea) from the eastern Pacific. The Nautilus, 129 (3), 118 - 125." type="journal article" year="2015">Valdés & McLean 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFA0045B563B6165FE6D3E72" box="[322,400,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1865,1890]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Shell of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (A–C) Holotype ZISP 1/62440: ventral view (A), dorsal view (B), apical view (C), h = 33 mm. (D–I) Ventral views of the following specimens: (D, H) ZISP 2/62441, station 6-10, h = 9.7 mm (D), h = 18.1 mm (H); (E) station 1-13, h = 24 mm (photo by A. Majorova); (F) ZISP 3/62442, station 10-10, h = 21.5 mm; (G) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, h = 20.3 mm (photo by A.Majorova); (I) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, specimen for DNA, h = 16.7 mm (photo by A. Majorova)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349397/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFA0045B56E76165FE523E72" box="[414,431,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1804,1829]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1435,273,1785]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anatomical details of Scaphander grandis comb. n. Specimen ZISP 3/62442 without shell: (A) dorsal view; (B) gizzard; (C, F) odontophore with radula; (D) anterior part of the digestive system; (E) gizzard paired plate, outer side; (G) gizzard unpaired plate, lateral view; (H, I) penis. Abbreviations: bb, buccal bulb; bc, bursa copulatrix; b.g, buccal ganglion; c, cephalic shield; cr, crop; d, prostate duct; es, esophagus; g, gill; gast, stomach; gpl, gizzard plate; mc, mantle coecum; n, kidney; pr, prostate; r, location of rachidals; re, retractor of buccal bulb; p.sh, penial sheath; s.gl, salivary gland. Scale bars: (A) 4 mm; (B, E–I) 2 mm; (D) 1 mm; and (C) 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349399/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The male copulatory system of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B545E6165FC673E72" ID-CoL="7T47T" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[807,922,297,323]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B545E6165FC673E72" box="[807,922,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">S. grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFA0045B54D86165FBF53E72" box="[929,1032,297,323]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B54D86165FBF53E72" bold="true" box="[929,1032,297,323]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has the twisted narrow duct, as that in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B57CC6101FEB03E56" ID-CoL="6XRYW" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1890" box="[181,333,333,359]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="interruptus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B57CC6101FEB03E56" box="[181,333,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">S. interruptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA0045B56F36101FD643E56" author="Valdes, A. & McLean, J. H." box="[394,665,332,359]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" pagination="118 - 125" refId="ref9532" refString="Valdes, A. & McLean, J. H. (2015) On two abyssal species of Scaphandridae G. O. Sars, 1878 (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea) from the eastern Pacific. The Nautilus, 129 (3), 118 - 125." type="journal article" year="2015">Valdés & McLean 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 9), and the elongated penial sac divided into two parts, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B52FE6101FF133EBA" ID-CoL="6Y3Z9" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1883" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mundus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B52FE6101FF133EBA" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">S. mundus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA0045B5650613DFE4B3EBA" author="Valdes, A." box="[297,438,369,395]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" pagination="587 - 792" refId="ref9434" refString="Valdes, A. (2008) Deep-sea " cephalaspidean " heterobranchs (Gastropoda) from the tropical southwest Pacific. In: Heros, V., Cowie, R. H., Bouchet, P. (Eds.), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos 25. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 196, 587 - 792." type="journal article" year="2008">Valdés 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 40, B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAA2712FFA0045B57BE61D9FF0D3D0E" blockId="10.[151,1437,153,575]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">
|
||
The shell outline of the smaller specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B55B861D9FCCE3E9E" ID-CoL="7T47T" authorityName="Chaban & Ekimova & Schepetov & Chernyshev" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Minichev" baseAuthorityYear="1967" box="[705,819,405,431]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" genus="Scaphander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="grandis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B55B861D9FCCE3E9E" box="[705,819,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">S. grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A252467BFFA0045B544061D9FC623E9E" box="[825,927,405,431]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B544061D9FC623E9E" bold="true" box="[825,927,405,431]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132E3B97FFA0045B54D461D9FBD83E9E" box="[941,1061,405,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1865,1890]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1435,561,1845]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Shell of Scaphander grandis comb. n. (A–C) Holotype ZISP 1/62440: ventral view (A), dorsal view (B), apical view (C), h = 33 mm. (D–I) Ventral views of the following specimens: (D, H) ZISP 2/62441, station 6-10, h = 9.7 mm (D), h = 18.1 mm (H); (E) station 1-13, h = 24 mm (photo by A. Majorova); (F) ZISP 3/62442, station 10-10, h = 21.5 mm; (G) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, h = 20.3 mm (photo by A.Majorova); (I) MIMB 36540, station 6-9, specimen for DNA, h = 16.7 mm (photo by A. Majorova)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3349397/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">Fig. 3D, G</figureCitation>
|
||
) slightly resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B527C61DAFE6F3EE2" ID-CoL="4CRRR" authority="Minichev, 1966" authorityName="Minichev" authorityYear="1966" class="Gastropoda" family="Cylichnidae" genus="Paracteocina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vitjazi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B527C61DAFF263EE2" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">Paracteocina vitjazi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA0045B579A61F5FE6F3EE2" author="Minichev, Yu. S." box="[227,402,441,467]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" pagination="509 - 517" refId="ref8515" refString="Minichev, Yu. S. (1966) Morphological peculiarities of abyssal Cephalaspidea (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia). Zoologicheskij Zhurnal, 45 (4), 509 - 517. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1966">Minichev, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which may cause a confusion in identification (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA0045B54D361F5FB3B3EE2" author="Kharlamenko, V. I. & Wurzberg, L. & Peters, J. & Borisovets, E. E." box="[938,1222,440,467]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" pagination="389 - 398" refId="ref8068" refString="Kharlamenko, V. I., Wurzberg, L., Peters, J. & Borisovets, E. E. (2015) Fatty acid compositions and trophic relationships of shelled molluscs from the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench and the adjacent abyssal plain. Deep Sea Research Part II: Tropical Studies in Oceanography, 111, 389 - 398. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2014.09.002" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Kharlamenko
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B533261F6FB813EE2" box="[1099,1148,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but the latter species’ shell is narrower (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA0045B56B36191FD283EC6" author="Kantor, Yu. I. & Sysoev, A. V." box="[458,725,477,503]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" refId="ref8022" refString="Kantor, Yu. I. & Sysoev, A. V. (2006) Marine and brackish water Gastropoda of Russia and adjacent countries: an illustrated catalogue. KMK Scientific Press Ltd., Moscow, 371 pp., 140 pls." type="book" year="2006">Kantor & Sysoev, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Pl. 126, I), whorls have acute shoulder, and suture of the spire deeply canaliculated (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF845AE3FFA0045B56E8624DFDB43D2D" author="Minichev, Yu. S." box="[401,585,513,540]" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" pagination="509 - 517" refId="ref8515" refString="Minichev, Yu. S. (1966) Morphological peculiarities of abyssal Cephalaspidea (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia). Zoologicheskij Zhurnal, 45 (4), 509 - 517. [In Russian]" type="journal article" year="1966">Minichev, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Phylogenetic relationship of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B54D3624EFBF13D2A" ID-CoL="4CRRR" authorityName="Minichev" authorityYear="1966" box="[938,1036,514,539]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cylichnidae" genus="Paracteocina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="vitjazi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B961FB00FFA0045B54D3624EFBF13D2A" box="[938,1036,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="395">P. vitjazi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C155C91FFA0045B53EC624DFAC73D2A" ID-CoL="7NKXV" authorityName="G. O. Sars" authorityYear="1878" box="[1173,1338,513,539]" class="Gastropoda" family="Scaphandridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cephalaspidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Scaphandridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
remains unclear.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |