188 lines
29 KiB
XML
188 lines
29 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="BCC184F8244AE49DEACE40165ADFDA8A">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="14BEBCF2A6A5826EFB0944274613DFF9">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C0701FC58C939C4367452631BC58C97E">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F2B3AB3CAB461F8DCAD16D3450D27271">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1D97956C986876E93ADAD12517ADE51D">2019</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCDEBB3B8E5331994" blockId="76.[179,717,1421,1477]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
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<heading id="D0C8DA6ABF43C24FCDEBB3B8E5331994" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF43C24FCDEBB3B8E5331994" bold="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF43C24FCDEBB3B8E6961995" authority="E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Choffaticarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compactus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF43C24FCDEBB3B8E6AC19F5" bold="true" box="[179,468,1421,1445]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Choffaticarpus compactus</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2780C6FBF43C24FCCADB398E5331994" box="[501,587,1453,1477]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCC29B3FBE57719B7" blockId="76.[369,527,1486,1510]" box="[369,527,1486,1510]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF43C24FCC29B3FBE57719B7" box="[369,527,1486,1510]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="77.[125,206,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[128,1440,151,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-11@77.[559,1013,922,1536]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Text-fig. 49. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and a multicarpellate fruit of Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov. and associated pollen (d–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; small fruit showing apical stigmatic region with attached pollen; b) Group of pollen grains from the stigmatic surface of the fruit in (a) showing the long colpus and reticulate tectum; c) Pollen grains from the stigmatic surface showing the long colpus and well developed reticulum, with smooth muri and short columellae" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386367/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Text-fig. 49d–j</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3253E8DBF43C24FCDFEB3CBE2061BD5" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCDFEB3CBE6841A64" blockId="76.[129,768,1533,1589]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
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H o l o t y p e. Designated here. S136725 (Torres Vedras sample 43; figured
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF43C24FCC15B028E6881A64" box="[333,496,1565,1589]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="77.[125,206,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[128,1440,151,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-11@77.[559,1013,922,1536]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Text-fig. 49. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and a multicarpellate fruit of Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov. and associated pollen (d–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; small fruit showing apical stigmatic region with attached pollen; b) Group of pollen grains from the stigmatic surface of the fruit in (a) showing the long colpus and reticulate tectum; c) Pollen grains from the stigmatic surface showing the long colpus and well developed reticulum, with smooth muri and short columellae" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386367/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Text-fig. 49d–j</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCDFEB078E5851A35" blockId="76.[129,765,1613,1669]" box="[166,765,1613,1637]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">P l a n t F o s s i l N a m e s R e g i s t r y N u m b e r.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCDD9B058E6BF1AD4" blockId="76.[129,765,1613,1669]" box="[129,455,1645,1669]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">PFN000490 (for new species).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCDFEB0A8E5B81AE4" blockId="76.[166,704,1692,1717]" box="[166,704,1692,1717]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">P a r a t y p e. S137918 (Torres Vedras sample 44).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCDFEB0F9E6251B75" blockId="76.[129,768,1740,1828]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
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<materialsCitation id="3B57675BBF43C24FCDFEB0F9E6211B75" collectionCode="R" country="Sweden" county="Swedish Museum of Natural History" location="Palaeobotanical Collections" municipality="Department of Palaeobiology" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Stockholm">
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<collectionCode id="ED2EF5C3BF43C24FCDFEB0F9E7C01AB2" box="[166,184,1740,1763]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">R</collectionCode>
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e p o s i t o r y.
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE4F77CBF43C24FCFDDB0F9E6411B55" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Department of Palaeobiology</collectingMunicipality>
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, the
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<collectingCounty id="62E1158ABF43C24FCC35B0D9E5831B55" box="[365,763,1772,1796]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Swedish Museum of Natural History</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49FBA3E4BF43C24FCDD9B139E78F1B75" box="[129,247,1804,1828]" country="Sweden" name="Stockholm" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Stockholm</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3282D96BF43C24FCC59B139E6211B75" box="[257,345,1804,1828]" name="Sweden" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCDFEB109E6C71B25" blockId="76.[129,768,1852,1908]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">E t y m o l o g y. From Latin: compactus referring to the compact structure of the fruit.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCDFEB1B9E5871BF2" blockId="76.[129,767,1931,1988]" box="[166,767,1931,1956]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">T y p e l o c a l i t y. Torres Vedras (NE of Forte de</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCDD9B199E6941B95" blockId="76.[129,767,1931,1988]" box="[129,492,1962,1988]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
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Forca;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0B0BC1BF43C24FCD93B19FE62C1B92" box="[203,340,1962,1987]" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="13" value="39.10361">39°06′13″ N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0B0BC1BF43C24FCC06B19FE6981B95" box="[350,480,1962,1988]" degrees="9" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" precision="15" seconds="47" value="-9.246389">9°14′47″ W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCDFEB1E9E66C1465" blockId="76.[129,768,2011,2100]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">T y p e s t r a t u m a n d a g e. Lower member of the Almargem Formation; Early Cretaceous (late Barremianearly Aptian).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCE29B6ADE3B61CE1" blockId="76.[881,1230,151,176]" box="[881,1230,151,176]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">D i a g n o s i s. As for the genus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCE29B6F2E2B21C8E" blockId="76.[843,1482,199,255]" box="[881,1482,199,223]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
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D i m e n s i o n s. Length of fruit:
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<quantity id="4CC7C0E3BF43C24FC981B6F2E2551C8F" box="[1241,1325,199,223]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
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; width of fruit:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCE13B6D2E4DC1CAF" blockId="76.[843,1482,199,255]" box="[843,932,231,255]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
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<quantity id="4CC7C0E3BF43C24FCE13B6D2E4D81CAF" box="[843,928,231,255]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCE29B722E39E1DBE" blockId="76.[843,1482,278,1620]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
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D e s c r i p t i o n a n d r e m a r k s.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF43C24FC875B723E4C31D1F" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Choffaticarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="compactus">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF43C24FC875B723E4C31D1F" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Choffaticarpus compactus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is based on a single multicarpellate and apocarpous fruit that has been illustrated previously, but without formal description (Reproductive structure with many carpels in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE10F7BF43C24FC8C2B742E4BE1DFE" author="Friis, E. M. & Pedersen, K. R. & Crane, P. R." pageId="76" pageNumber="229" pagination="341 - 361" refId="ref77134" refString="Friis, E. M., Pedersen, K. R., Crane, P. R. (2010 a): Creta- ceous diversification of angiosperms in the western part of the Iberian Peninsula. - Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 162: 341 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. revpalbo. 2009.11.009" type="journal article" year="2010">Friis et al. 2010a</bibRefCitation>
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). There is also a single isolated fruitlet. Additional specimens assigned to this species are known from the Catefica and Buarcos mesofossil floras.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCE29B7C2E30C18E3" blockId="76.[843,1482,278,1620]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
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||
The fruit from Torres Vedras, as well as isolated fruitlets from Catefica, were studied using SEM and SRXTM. The Torres Vedras specimen consists of many fruitlets arranged helically along a long, slender receptacle to form a compact structure (
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF43C24FCE99B44DE3071EC1" box="[961,1151,632,656]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="77.[125,206,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[128,1440,151,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-11@77.[559,1013,922,1536]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Text-fig. 49. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and a multicarpellate fruit of Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov. and associated pollen (d–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; small fruit showing apical stigmatic region with attached pollen; b) Group of pollen grains from the stigmatic surface of the fruit in (a) showing the long colpus and reticulate tectum; c) Pollen grains from the stigmatic surface showing the long colpus and well developed reticulum, with smooth muri and short columellae" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386367/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Text-fig. 49d, e</figureCitation>
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). The fruitlets are strongly compressed laterally and the only exposed regions in the compound fruit are the diamond-shaped faces of the fruitlets. The stigmatic region is indistinct and occurs towards the base in an elongated depression in the diamond-shaped surface of the fruitlets (
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF43C24FCEA7B52DE3EA1F61" box="[1023,1170,792,816]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="77.[125,206,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[128,1440,151,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-11@77.[559,1013,922,1536]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Text-fig. 49. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and a multicarpellate fruit of Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov. and associated pollen (d–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; small fruit showing apical stigmatic region with attached pollen; b) Group of pollen grains from the stigmatic surface of the fruit in (a) showing the long colpus and reticulate tectum; c) Pollen grains from the stigmatic surface showing the long colpus and well developed reticulum, with smooth muri and short columellae" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386367/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Text-fig. 49e</figureCitation>
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). This is more distinct in a specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF43C24FCE8BB50DE30B1F01" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" box="[979,1139,824,848]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Choffaticarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF43C24FCE8BB50DE30B1F01" box="[979,1139,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Choffaticarpus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
from the Buarcos locality (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE10F7BF43C24FC8CFB50DE4B61F20" author="Friis, E. M. & Pedersen, K. R. & Crane, P. R." pageId="76" pageNumber="229" pagination="6" refId="ref76791" refString="Friis, E. M., Pedersen, K. R., Crane, P. R. (2000 a): Repro- ductive structure and organization of basal angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian or Aptian) of Western Portugal. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 161 (6, suppl.): S 169 - S 182. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 317570" type="journal article" year="2000">Friis et al. 2000a</bibRefCitation>
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||
: fig. 3A, D). Stout, short trichomes are present along the borders of adjacent fruitlets and the stigmatic area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF43C24FCE0AB5ACE4A61FE0" box="[850,990,921,945]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="77.[125,206,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[128,1440,151,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-11@77.[559,1013,922,1536]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Text-fig. 49. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and a multicarpellate fruit of Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov. and associated pollen (d–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; small fruit showing apical stigmatic region with attached pollen; b) Group of pollen grains from the stigmatic surface of the fruit in (a) showing the long colpus and reticulate tectum; c) Pollen grains from the stigmatic surface showing the long colpus and well developed reticulum, with smooth muri and short columellae" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386367/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Text-fig. 49f</figureCitation>
|
||
). The lateral faces of the fruitlets are smooth. Each fruitlet contains a single seed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF43C24FC9BBB58CE2F31F80" box="[1251,1419,953,977]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="77.[125,206,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[128,1440,151,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-11@77.[559,1013,922,1536]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Text-fig. 49. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and a multicarpellate fruit of Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov. and associated pollen (d–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; small fruit showing apical stigmatic region with attached pollen; b) Group of pollen grains from the stigmatic surface of the fruit in (a) showing the long colpus and reticulate tectum; c) Pollen grains from the stigmatic surface showing the long colpus and well developed reticulum, with smooth muri and short columellae" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386367/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Text-fig. 49h–j</figureCitation>
|
||
). The cellular preservation as seen in SRXTM is good, but the fruits and seeds are crowded and have been compressed during fossilization making their structure and organization difficult to study. The micropyle points towards the central axis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF43C24FCEDAB26FE3631823" box="[898,1051,1114,1138]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="77.[125,206,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[128,1440,151,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-11@77.[559,1013,922,1536]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Text-fig. 49. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and a multicarpellate fruit of Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov. and associated pollen (d–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; small fruit showing apical stigmatic region with attached pollen; b) Group of pollen grains from the stigmatic surface of the fruit in (a) showing the long colpus and reticulate tectum; c) Pollen grains from the stigmatic surface showing the long colpus and well developed reticulum, with smooth muri and short columellae" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386367/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Text-fig. 49i, j</figureCitation>
|
||
) and it is likely the seeds are anatropous. The seed coat is thin composed of narrow, longitudinally aligned cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF43C24FCE87B2AFE31018E3" box="[991,1128,1178,1202]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="77.[125,206,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[128,1440,151,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-11@77.[559,1013,922,1536]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Text-fig. 49. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and a multicarpellate fruit of Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov. and associated pollen (d–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; small fruit showing apical stigmatic region with attached pollen; b) Group of pollen grains from the stigmatic surface of the fruit in (a) showing the long colpus and reticulate tectum; c) Pollen grains from the stigmatic surface showing the long colpus and well developed reticulum, with smooth muri and short columellae" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386367/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Text-fig. 49j</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCE29B28FE2B91922" blockId="76.[843,1482,278,1620]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
|
||
The wall of each fruitlet consists of an inner layer of elongate sclerenchyma cells that line the locule. On the lateral faces of the fruitlets this layer of sclerenchyma cells is covered by a single layer of epidermal cells. The outer wall of the fruitlets is thicker and composed of thin-walled parenchyma cells covered by the epidermis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF43C24FC87EB36EE2CD1922" box="[1318,1461,1371,1395]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="77.[125,206,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[128,1440,151,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-11@77.[559,1013,922,1536]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Text-fig. 49. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and a multicarpellate fruit of Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov. and associated pollen (d–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; small fruit showing apical stigmatic region with attached pollen; b) Group of pollen grains from the stigmatic surface of the fruit in (a) showing the long colpus and reticulate tectum; c) Pollen grains from the stigmatic surface showing the long colpus and well developed reticulum, with smooth muri and short columellae" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386367/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Text-fig. 49h</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCE29B34EE4951A05" blockId="76.[843,1482,278,1620]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
|
||
Pollen attached to the surface of the fruitlets is circular in outline and about 11 µm in diameter. Only the nonapertural face is exposed and the grains were most likely monocolpate. The exine is semitectate-reticulate with a homobrochate reticulum, rounded muri, and broad, scattered columellae. The surface of the foot layer is finely granular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13047183BF43C24FCE0AB009E4991A05" box="[850,993,1596,1620]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="77.[125,206,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[128,1440,151,1932]" captionTargetId="figure-11@77.[559,1013,922,1536]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Text-fig. 49. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and a multicarpellate fruit of Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov. and associated pollen (d–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Holotype; small fruit showing apical stigmatic region with attached pollen; b) Group of pollen grains from the stigmatic surface of the fruit in (a) showing the long colpus and reticulate tectum; c) Pollen grains from the stigmatic surface showing the long colpus and well developed reticulum, with smooth muri and short columellae" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386367/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
|
||
Text-fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC7C0E3BF43C24FCEEDB009E4991A05" box="[949,993,1596,1620]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.9" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" unit="g" value="49.0">49g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B806D06BF43C24FCE29B05EE2061BD5" blockId="76.[843,1482,1643,1924]" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">
|
||
A f f i n i t y a n d o t h e r o c c u r r e n c e s. The tightly packed fruitlets borne on a long central receptacle resemble the gynoecium and fruits of extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF43C24FC836B09EE3791AB2" authority="KAEMPF. ex JUSS." authorityName="JUSS." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Schisandraceae" genus="Kadsura" kingdom="Plantae" order="Austrobaileyales" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF43C24FC836B09EE2B21A92" box="[1390,1482,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Kadsura</emphasis>
|
||
KAEMPF. ex JUSS.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF43C24FC960B0FEE2BE1AB2" authority="MICHX." authorityName="MICHX." box="[1080,1478,1739,1763]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Schisandraceae" genus="Schisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Austrobaileyales" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF43C24FC960B0FEE3C81AB2" box="[1080,1200,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Schisandra</emphasis>
|
||
MICHX. (Schisandraceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF43C24FC910B0DEE3901B52" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" box="[1096,1256,1771,1795]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Choffaticarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF43C24FC910B0DEE3901B52" box="[1096,1256,1771,1795]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Choffaticarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF43C24FCE13B13EE4971B72" box="[843,1007,1803,1827]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Schisandraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Austrobaileyales" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Schisandraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in their much thinner seed coat, and the systematic affinity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF43C24FC96EB119E3AE1B15" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" box="[1078,1238,1836,1860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Choffaticarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF43C24FC96EB119E3AE1B15" box="[1078,1238,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Choffaticarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently uncertain. Fragments of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF43C24FCEA8B179E3E81B35" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" box="[1008,1168,1868,1892]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Choffaticarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="76" pageNumber="229" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BB114BF43C24FCEA8B179E3E81B35" box="[1008,1168,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="229">Choffaticarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fruit and isolated fruitlets are also known from the Buarcos and Catefica localities.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |