387 lines
44 KiB
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387 lines
44 KiB
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<mods:title id="43EE9A53805DDE61959BCB8292B32ED0">A review of records of the Trimeresurus albolabris Gray, 1842 group from the Indian subcontinent: expanded description and range extension of Trimeresurus salazar, redescription of Trimeresurus septentrionalis and rediscovery of historical specimens of Trimeresurus davidi (Reptilia: Viperidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="699C8B6FF6404A07CF0A15EBF4C856BF">Vogel, Gernot</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0A1B5C715985B80837F2B2CBC3B89A10">Mallik, Ashok Kumar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CDC2A92C9B91FCD044636CB31039010B">Department of Wildlife and Biodiversity Conservation, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Takatpur, Baripada 757003,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AAA66383A4DBF0A5C9F469ED8D0AD98F">Chandramouli, S. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3AA60CA8EDECE501C25F44B503B20BD6">Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4932 - 5503</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9BF1C66736D5C9F5F9632F9C961AEAFA">Sharma, Vivek</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="84C6961D52998CCBED929DEF98583054">Department of Zoology, Government Model Science College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482 001, India https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9049 - 9201</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="DE33BAD8442E8116E3783F04A8EE9F4B">Chennai Snake Park, Rajbhavan post, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1947 - 8093</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="6C0BBA14C215FFCE5FEE8AFE131FE7AC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7008038" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199504874" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7008038" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6C0BBA14C215FFCE5FEE8AFE131FE7AC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6C0BBA14C215FFCE5FEE8AFE131FE7AC" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="357" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">
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<heading id="BF55BC6EC215FFCC5FEE8AFE14DEE2E2" bold="true" box="[151,679,1744,1771]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="23A27081C215FFCC5FEE8AFE14DEE2E2" authority="Kramer, 1977" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,679,1744,1771]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
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<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5FEE8AFE14DEE2E2" bold="true" box="[151,679,1744,1771]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">
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<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5FEE8AFE178DE2E2" bold="true" box="[151,500,1744,1771]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">Trimeresurus septentrionalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C215FFCC5E828AFE14DEE2E2" author="Kramer, E." box="[507,679,1745,1771]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" pagination="721 - 761" refId="ref11067" refString="Kramer, E. (1977) Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 84 (3), 721 - 761." type="journal article" year="1977">Kramer, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="ACB85889C215FFCC5FEE8ADA171FE306" box="[151,358,1781,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E41D0B02C215FFCC5FEE8ADA171FE306" blockId="12.[151,679,1744,1807]" box="[151,358,1781,1807]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">
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(
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<figureCitation id="7C991787C215FFCC5FE68ADA1751E306" box="[159,296,1781,1807]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1560,1584]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[160,1426,355,1528]" captionTargetBox-1="[233,1353,192,1907]" captionTargetId-0="figure-93@2.[151,1436,345,1537]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@5.[225,1362,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Map of the Indian subcontinent showing newly recorded / identified distribution records of (i). Trimeresurus salazar (black; field records: squares, specimen records: dots); (ii). T. septentrionalis (white); type localities with a dot in the middle (iii). T. davidi (encircled—corrected locality / X—incorrect locality)" captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Reconstructed phylogeny from three concatenated mitochondrial genes showing the phylogenetic position of T. salazar nested within the clade comprising other members of T. albolabris species complex. The values on nodes show the posterior probability from Bayesian inference and bootstrap values from the maximum likelihood analysis." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003662" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003666" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7003662/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7003666/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">Figures 1–2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="7C991787C215FFCC5E4D8ADA1726E306" box="[308,351,1781,1807]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 8" captionStart-1="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="13.[151,250,1730,1754]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1437,453,1706]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,957,1921]" captionTargetId-0="figure-141@13.[151,1437,453,1706]" captionTargetId-1="figure-430@14.[151,1436,957,1921]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="FIGURE 8. Trimeresurus septentrionalis Holotype MHNG 1404.31 from Nähe Pokhara, Nepal. Photos: Gernot Vogel." captionText-1="FIGURE 9. Trimeresurus septentrionalis live adult female from Kathmandu, Nepal, showing its diagnostic character of plain grass green colouration without any mix of yellow in it. Photo: Gernot Vogel" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003679" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003681" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7003679/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7003681/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">8–9</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="ACB85889C215FFCC5FEE8B1A14D9E362" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="E41D0B02C215FFCC5FEE8B1A14C2E345" blockId="12.[151,800,1844,2021]" box="[151,699,1844,1868]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">
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<taxonomicName id="23A27081C215FFCC5FEE8B1A14C2E345" authority="Kramer, 1977" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,699,1844,1868]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="albolabris" subSpecies="septentrionalis">
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<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5FEE8B1A1450E345" box="[151,553,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">Trimeresurus albolabris septentrionalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C215FFCC5D568B1B14C2E345" author="Kramer, E." box="[559,699,1844,1868]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" pagination="721 - 761" refId="ref11067" refString="Kramer, E. (1977) Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 84 (3), 721 - 761." type="journal article" year="1977">Kramer, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E41D0B02C215FFCC5FEE8B7C14D9E362" blockId="12.[151,800,1844,2021]" box="[151,672,1874,1899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">
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<taxonomicName id="23A27081C215FFCC5FEE8B7C17C2E363" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,443,1874,1898]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
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<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5FEE8B7C17C2E363" box="[151,443,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">Trimeresurus septentrionalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C215FFCC5EAD8B7D14D9E362" author="Giannasi, N. & Thorpe, R. S. & Malhotra, A." box="[468,672,1874,1899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" pagination="419 - 426" refId="ref10569" refString="Giannasi, N., Thorpe, R. S. & Malhotra, A. (2001) The use of amplified fragment length polymorphism in determining species trees at fine taxonomic levels: analysis of a medically important snake, Trimeresurus albolabris. Molecular Ecology, 10, 419 - 426." type="journal article" year="2001">
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Giannasi
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<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5D4D8B7C141EE363" box="[564,615,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">et al.</emphasis>
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2001
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</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ACB85889C215FFCC5FEE8B5D14E1E3EC" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E41D0B02C215FFCC5FEE8B5D157AE380" blockId="12.[151,800,1844,2021]" box="[151,771,1905,1929]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">
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<taxonomicName id="23A27081C215FFCC5FEE8B5D1450E380" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,553,1905,1929]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="albolabris" subSpecies="septentrionalis">
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<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5FEE8B5D1450E380" box="[151,553,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">Trimeresurus albolabris septentrionalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—Leviton
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<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5DEE8B5D14B2E380" box="[663,715,1905,1929]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">et al.</emphasis>
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2003
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="E41D0B02C215FFCC5FEE8BBF14AEE3A1" blockId="12.[151,800,1844,2021]" box="[151,727,1936,1960]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">
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<taxonomicName id="23A27081C215FFCC5FEE8BBF17C6E3A1" authorityName="Malhotra & Thorpe" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,447,1936,1960]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Cryptelytrops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
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<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5FEE8BBF17C6E3A1" box="[151,447,1936,1960]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">Cryptelytrops septentrionalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C215FFCC5EA18BBF14AEE3A1" author="Malhotra, A. & Thorpe, R. S." box="[472,727,1936,1960]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" pagination="83 - 100" refId="ref11278" refString="Malhotra, A. & Thorpe, R. S. (2004) A phylogeny of four mitochondrial gene regions suggests a revised taxonomy for Asian pitvipers (Trimeresurus and Ovophis). Molecular Phylogenetics et Evolution, 32, 83 - 100." type="journal article" year="2004">Malhotra & Thorpe 2004</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E41D0B02C215FFCC5FEE8B801559E3CE" blockId="12.[151,800,1844,2021]" box="[151,800,1966,1991]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">
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<taxonomicName id="23A27081C215FFCC5FEE8B801421E3CF" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,600,1966,1990]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis" subGenus="Trimeresurus">
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<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5FEE8B801421E3CF" box="[151,600,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">Trimeresurus (Trimeresurus) septentrionalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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||
<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C215FFCC5D0B8B811559E3CE" author="David, P. & Vogel, G. & Dubois, A." box="[626,800,1966,1991]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref10301" refString="David, P., Vogel, G. & Dubois, A. (2011) On the need to follow rigorously the Rules of the Code for the subsequent designation of a nucleospecies (type species) for a nominal genus which lacked one: the case of the nominal genus Trimeresurus LaceipeIde, 1804 (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae). Zootaxa, 2992, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="2011">
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David
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<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5DCC8B801490E3CF" box="[693,745,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">et al.</emphasis>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E41D0B02C215FFCC5FEE8BE114E1E3EC" blockId="12.[151,800,1844,2021]" box="[151,664,1997,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23A27081C215FFCC5FEE8BE117C2E3EC" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,443,1997,2021]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5FEE8BE117C2E3EC" box="[151,443,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">Trimeresurus septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C215FFCC5EAD8BE214E1E3EC" author="Wallach, V. & Williams, K. L. & Boundy, J." box="[468,664,1997,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="355" refId="ref12281" refString="Wallach, V., Williams, K. L. & Boundy, J. (2014) Snakes of the world: a catalogue of living and extinct species. CRC press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1237 pp." type="book" year="2014">
|
||
Wallach
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C215FFCC5D558BE11419E3EC" box="[556,608,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="355">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ACB85889C214FFCD5FEE8CB91311E4F0" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="E41D0B02C214FFCD5FEE8CB91311E4F0" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5FEE8CB9178BE4B9" bold="true" box="[151,498,150,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">Specimens Examined (n=18).</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="54CA015FC214FFCD5E838CB81217E4DC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3890244306" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="H. Schnurrenburger & Pokhara" country="Nepal" elevation="1500" location="Nepal" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" specimenCode="MHNG 1404.31" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="3B19B5A0C214FFCD5E838CB8141BE4B8" box="[506,610,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCode id="B404A379C214FFCD5D138CB8155BE4B8" box="[618,802,151,177]" collectionCode="MHNG" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="Museum">MHNG 1404.31</specimenCode>
|
||
an adult male collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="49576ED4C214FFCD5B208CB81341E4B8" box="[1113,1336,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">H. Schnurrenburger</collectorName>
|
||
between 1962
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5FB68C9416A4E4DD" box="[207,221,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">–</emphasis>
|
||
1964 (fide
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C214FFCD5E258C941783E4DC" author="Kramer, E." box="[348,506,187,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" pagination="721 - 761" refId="ref11067" refString="Kramer, E. (1977) Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 84 (3), 721 - 761." type="journal article" year="1977">Kramer, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) from
|
||
<collectorName id="49576ED4C214FFCD5D328C9414DEE4DC" box="[587,679,187,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">Pokhara</collectorName>
|
||
(28˚15’N 83˚55’E;
|
||
<elevation id="6F8FEC31C214FFCD5CF78C951269E4DC" box="[910,1040,186,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" unit="m" value="1500.0">
|
||
<quantity id="235AA6E7C214FFCD5CF78C95159CE4DC" box="[910,997,186,213]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||
asl
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9CB54B92C214FFCD5B5E8C941217E4DC" box="[1063,1134,187,213]" name="Nepal" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="54CA015FC214FFCD5B038C94131DE4F0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3890244304" collectionCode="MHNG, CAS" country="Nepal" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" specimenCode="MHNG 1400.24, 39, 1404.2, 30, 1404.32, 47, CAS 135750" specimenCount="1">
|
||
Other material examined:
|
||
<specimenCode id="B404A379C214FFCD5FEE8CF01736E4F0" box="[151,335,223,249]" collectionCode="MHNG" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="Museum">MHNG 1400.24</specimenCode>
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5E368CF01724E4F1" box="[335,349,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">–</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="B404A379C214FFCD5E248CF01702E4F0" box="[349,379,223,249]" collectionCode="MHNG" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="Museum">39</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="B404A379C214FFCD5EFE8CF017ADE4F0" box="[391,468,223,249]" collectionCode="MHNG" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="Museum">1404.2</specimenCode>
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5EAD8CF0179BE4F1" box="[468,482,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">–</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="B404A379C214FFCD5E9B8CF01479E4F0" box="[482,512,223,249]" collectionCode="MHNG" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="Museum">30</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="B404A379C214FFCD5D758CF0141EE4F0" box="[524,615,223,249]" collectionCode="MHNG" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="Museum">1404.32</specimenCode>
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5D1E8CF0140CE4F1" box="[615,629,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">–</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="B404A379C214FFCD5D0C8CF014EAE4F0" box="[629,659,223,249]" collectionCode="MHNG" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="Museum">47</specimenCode>
|
||
, from the type locality.
|
||
<specimenCode id="B404A379C214FFCD5CE48CF01248E4F0" box="[925,1073,222,249]" collectionCode="CAS" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="Museum">CAS 135750</specimenCode>
|
||
, also from the type locality
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ACB85889C214FFCD5FBE8D2C150DE5A4" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E41D0B02C214FFCD5FBE8D2C150DE5A4" blockId="13.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5FBE8D2C1742E514" bold="true" box="[199,315,259,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C214FFCD5E3D8D2C1795E514" author="Kramer, E." box="[324,492,259,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" pagination="721 - 761" refId="ref11067" refString="Kramer, E. (1977) Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 84 (3), 721 - 761." type="journal article" year="1977">Kramer (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
while describing the new subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23A27081C214FFCD5CE28D2C1238E514" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[923,1089,259,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5CE28D2C1238E514" box="[923,1089,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23A27081C214FFCD5BEA8D2C135AE514" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1842" box="[1171,1315,259,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albolabris">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5BEA8D2C135AE514" box="[1171,1315,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">T. albolabris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, explicitly listed only MHNG 1404.31 as “
|
||
<typeStatus id="3B19B5A0C214FFCD5E8D8D081409E548" box="[500,624,295,321]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="holotype">Holotypus</typeStatus>
|
||
”. Whereas eleven other specimens from MHNG, BMNH (now NHMUK) and CHNM were listed only as “Material” unlike MHNG 675.92, 678.7, which were explicitly mentioned as “
|
||
<typeStatus id="3B19B5A0C214FFCD5FD88D40176FE580" box="[161,278,367,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="paratype">Paratypen</typeStatus>
|
||
” under the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23A27081C214FFCD5E988D40143AE580" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[481,579,367,393]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5E988D40143AE580" box="[481,579,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">insularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Hence, we hereby confirm that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23A27081C214FFCD5CC08D40128EE580" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[953,1271,367,393]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="albolabris" subSpecies="septentrionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5CC08D40128EE580" box="[953,1271,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">T. albolabris septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not have any
|
||
<typeStatus id="3B19B5A0C214FFCD5FBE8DBC174BE5A4" box="[199,306,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and MHNG 1404.31 is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3B19B5A0C214FFCD5D138DBC14B6E5A4" box="[618,719,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, by monotypy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="B0DD5B8AC214FFCD5FEE8AED1328E2D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003679" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7003679" box="[151,1361,1730,1754]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003679/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" startId="13.[151,250,1730,1754]" targetBox="[151,1437,453,1706]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="E41D0B02C214FFCD5FEE8AED1328E2D3" blockId="13.[151,1361,1730,1754]" box="[151,1361,1730,1754]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5FEE8AED176AE2D3" bold="true" box="[151,275,1730,1754]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23A27081C214FFCD5E608AEC1444E2D3" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[281,573,1730,1754]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5E608AEC1444E2D3" box="[281,573,1730,1754]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">Trimeresurus septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Holotype MHNG 1404.31 from Nähe Pokhara, Nepal. Photos: Gernot Vogel.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ACB85889C214FFCE5FBE8B2714F0E6C4" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="357" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E41D0B02C214FFCE5FBE8B271588E5D8" blockId="13.[151,1437,1800,2043]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,150,933]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="357" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5FBE8B271784E32B" bold="true" box="[199,509,1800,1826]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">
|
||
Redescription of
|
||
<typeStatus id="3B19B5A0C214FFCD5EF68B271781E32B" box="[399,504,1800,1826]" pageId="13" pageNumber="356" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
An adult male with a subcaudal incision; overall in good condition. Habitus slender; head triangular, flat on top, wider than mid
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5DFB8B0214F2E34F" box="[642,651,1837,1862]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">-</emphasis>
|
||
trunk, snout subovate in profile, bluntly rounded at tip; neck evident, slim compared to mid
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5EF78B7E17EEE363" box="[398,407,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">-</emphasis>
|
||
trunk; canthus rostralis discernable; tail tapering to a fine point. Scales rather smooth along the lateral aspects of the body; obtusely keeled on dorsal aspect covering the vertebral and paravertebral rows, especially on the hinder half. Rostral slightly visible from above, much reduced; two large internasals that have broad midline contact; head scales rather flat, small; supraoculars bean
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5C138B92150AE3DF" box="[874,883,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">-</emphasis>
|
||
shaped, enlarged; right and left ones separated by 10 cephalic scales in line between them; preocular large; subocular elongate, crescent
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C214FFCD5B118BCE1208E3F3" box="[1128,1137,2017,2042]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="356">-</emphasis>
|
||
shaped; postocular 1, very small; SL 11/10, first SL in contact with nasal; 2
|
||
<superScript id="13D7A64AC217FFCE5DC88CB914B8E4AD" attach="left" box="[689,705,150,164]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">nd</superScript>
|
||
SL forming anterior margin of loreal pit; 3
|
||
<superScript id="13D7A64AC217FFCE5BE68CB912D4E4AD" attach="left" box="[1183,1197,150,164]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">rd</superScript>
|
||
one large, contacting an elongate presubocular scale that borders the posterior margin of loreal pit; IL 12; mental wider than long; anterior genials larger than posterior series of genials; PV 3;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="2666C5E0C217FFCE5D9D8CF01567E4F0" box="[740,798,223,249]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">VEN</collectingRegion>
|
||
164, mildly angulate laterally; anal scale 1; SC 79 pairs; DSR: 21:21:15. TL: 633.0 mm (SVL: 486.0 mm, TaL: 147.0 mm); TaL/TL: 23.2%; HL:
|
||
<quantity id="235AA6E7C217FFCE5BF98D2D129EE514" box="[1152,1255,258,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.57" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="25.7">25.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; HW:
|
||
<quantity id="235AA6E7C217FFCE5A498D2C13E1E514" box="[1328,1432,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="14.1">14.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
; ED:
|
||
<quantity id="235AA6E7C217FFCE5FB58D08175FE548" box="[204,294,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
; END:
|
||
<quantity id="235AA6E7C217FFCE5E028D0917ADE548" box="[379,468,294,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; ELD: 4.0 mm. Colouration in alcohol bluish overall; dorsum light blue all across the body, except for anterior parts of head that has brownish tinge, similarly the tail ending too has a brownish/brick
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5AEA8D6413E5E56D" box="[1427,1436,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">-</emphasis>
|
||
red tinge; mental and gular regions cream; venter of a lighter shade of blue than the dorsum; posterior parts of subcaudals with a reddish tinge; a distinct white streak from below the eye to up to jaw angle apparently continuing across neck as a white ventrolateral stripe extending posteriorly till tail base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E41D0B02C217FFCE5FBE8DF514F0E6C4" blockId="14.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5FBE8DF51746E5FD" bold="true" box="[199,319,474,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
In general, agreeing well with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3B19B5A0C217FFCE5D9B8DF4153DE5FC" box="[738,836,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="54CA015FC217FFCE5C368DF413E1E68C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3890244305" collectionCode="TaL, DSR, V" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
and showing the following intra
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5BBC8DF412B7E5FD" box="[1221,1230,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">-</emphasis>
|
||
specific variation: SVL:
|
||
<quantity id="235AA6E7C217FFCE5FA58DD1170FE610" box="[220,374,510,537]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.765" metricValueMax="7.01" metricValueMin="2.52" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="476.5" valueMax="701.0" valueMin="252.0">
|
||
252
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5E7F8DD0176DE611" box="[262,276,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
701 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="82B393C7C217FFCE5EFB8DD017CAE610" box="[386,435,511,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">TaL</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="235AA6E7C217FFCE5EC68DD11432E610" box="[447,587,510,537]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.47" metricValueMin="0.58" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="102.5" valueMax="147.0" valueMin="58.0">
|
||
58
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5EA28DD01790E611" box="[475,489,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
147 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
; TaL/TL: 18.7
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5D968DD01484E611" box="[751,765,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
23.2% (males), 14.7
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5C9B8DD01589E611" box="[994,1008,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
17.1% (females); HL:
|
||
<quantity id="235AA6E7C217FFCE5B898DD013E1E610" box="[1264,1432,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.655" metricValueMax="3.6799999999999997" metricValueMin="1.63" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="26.549999999999997" valueMax="36.8" valueMin="16.3">
|
||
16.3
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5A588DD01356E611" box="[1313,1327,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
36.8 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
; HW: 10.0
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5E7E8E0C176CE635" box="[263,277,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="235AA6E7C217FFCE5E6C8E0C1707E634" box="[277,382,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="22.2">22.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="82B393C7C217FFCE5EF28E0C17BFE634" box="[395,454,547,573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">DSR</collectionCode>
|
||
: 21
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5E978E0C1785E635" box="[494,508,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
23 (near neck): 21(midbody): 15
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5C0B8E0C15F9E635" box="[882,896,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
17 (near tail), anterior rows 22 and 23 on three occasions, posterior rows 16 and 17 on two occasions; PV 1
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5C458E681533E669" box="[828,842,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
2;
|
||
<collectionCode id="82B393C7C217FFCE5C1E8E681504E668" box="[871,893,583,609]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
: 164
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5CCB8E6815B9E669" box="[946,960,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
171; SC: 74
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5B3E8E68122CE669" box="[1095,1109,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
80 pairs (males), 56
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5A4D8E68133BE669" box="[1332,1346,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
66 pairs (females); SL 12; IL 13
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5EE38E4417D1E68D" box="[410,424,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">–</emphasis>
|
||
14; white postocular streak absent on both sides in
|
||
<specimenCount id="F2A4C08BC217FFCE5CA28E44123BE68C" box="[987,1090,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" type="male">two male</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="3B19B5A0C217FFCE5B318E4412CAE68C" box="[1096,1203,619,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(out of 4 occasions)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; ventrolateral white stripe dark below, in
|
||
<specimenCount id="F2A4C08BC217FFCE5D228EA014B8E6A0" box="[603,705,655,681]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="3B19B5A0C217FFCE5DB18EA01555E6A0" box="[712,812,655,681]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
; postocular streak and ventrolateral white stripes absent in all female
|
||
<typeStatus id="3B19B5A0C217FFCE5E538E9C17ECE6C4" box="[298,405,691,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and other specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ACB85889C217FFCE5FBE8EF9131FE7AC" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E41D0B02C217FFCE5FBE8EF9131FE7AC" blockId="14.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5FBE8EF91785E6F9" bold="true" box="[199,508,726,753]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">Distribution and Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23A27081C217FFCE5D7C8EF81530E6F8" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[517,841,727,753]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5D7C8EF81530E6F8" box="[517,841,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">Trimeresurus septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in the Siwalik range and lower Himalaya in western and central parts of this mountain range (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C217FFCE5DAF8ED4150BE71C" author="Kramer, E." box="[726,882,763,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" pagination="721 - 761" refId="ref11067" refString="Kramer, E. (1977) Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 84 (3), 721 - 761." type="journal article" year="1977">Kramer 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C217FFCE5CF88ED412D5E71C" author="Regenass, U. & Kramer, E." box="[897,1196,763,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" pagination="163 - 205" refId="ref11685" refString="Regenass, U. & Kramer, E. (1981) Zur Systematik der grunen Grubenottern der Gattung Trimeresurus (Serpentes, Crotalidae). Revue suisse de Zoologie, 88 (1), 163 - 205." type="journal article" year="1981">Regenass & Kramer 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9CB54B92C217FFCE5BA48ED41359E71C" box="[1245,1312,763,789]" name="Nepal" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9CB54B92C217FFCE5A258ED413E0E71C" box="[1372,1433,763,789]" name="India" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Recent works on Indian snakes were unable to shed light on this species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C217FFCE5C9F8F301221E730" author="Das, I." box="[998,1112,799,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" refId="ref10244" refString="Das, I. (2002) A photographic guide to snakes and other reptiles of India. New Holland Publishers, London, 144 pp." type="book" year="2002">Das 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C217FFCE5B1D8F3013E8E730" author="Whitaker, R. & Captain, A." box="[1124,1425,799,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" refId="ref12324" refString="Whitaker, R. & Captain, A. (2004) Snakes of India - the field guide. Draco books, Chengelpet, Tamil Nadu, 481 pp." type="book" year="2004">Whitaker & Captain 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Subsequent treatments include those by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C217FFCE5D118F6C15FBE754" author="Gumprecht, A. & Tillack, F. & Orlov, N. L. & Captain, A. & Ryabow, S." box="[616,898,835,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" refId="ref10714" refString="Gumprecht, A., Tillack, F., Orlov, N. L., Captain, A. & Ryabow, S. (2004) Asian pit-vipers. Geitje Books, Berlin, 368 pp." type="book" year="2004">
|
||
Gumprecht
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5D898F6C1552E754" box="[752,811,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Recently,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23A27081C217FFCE5B7B8F6C12BEE754" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[1026,1223,835,861]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5B7B8F6C12BEE754" box="[1026,1223,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">T. septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported from the Kumaon region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C217FFCE5EBA8F4814F6E788" author="Singh, A. & Puri, K. & Joshi, R." box="[451,655,871,897]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" pagination="197 - 200" refId="ref11835" refString="Singh, A., Puri, K. & Joshi, R. (2017) New distributional records for the Himalayan white - lipped pitviper, Trimeresurus septentrionalis Kramer 1977 (Reptilia: Viperidae) from the Garhwal Himalaya in Northwestn India. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians, 24 (3), 197 - 200. https: // doi. org / 10.17161 / randa. v 24 i 3.14211" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Singh
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5D768F481433E788" box="[527,586,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). While definitively known from the western and central Himalayan foothills of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9CB54B92C217FFCE5E638FA4172FE7AC" box="[282,342,907,933]" name="India" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23A27081C217FFCE5D6B8FA414AAE7AC" authorityName="Kramer" authorityYear="1977" box="[530,723,907,933]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Trimeresurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5D6B8FA414AAE7AC" box="[530,723,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">T. septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9CB54B92C217FFCE5D818FA41502E7AC" box="[760,891,907,933]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
|
||
is doubtful at best (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="803376F3C217FFCE5B2E8FA41323E7AC" author="Gumprecht, A. & Tillack, F. & Orlov, N. L. & Captain, A. & Ryabow, S." box="[1111,1370,907,933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="357" refId="ref10714" refString="Gumprecht, A., Tillack, F., Orlov, N. L., Captain, A. & Ryabow, S. (2004) Asian pit-vipers. Geitje Books, Berlin, 368 pp." type="book" year="2004">
|
||
Gumprecht
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D6D710C217FFCE5BA78FA4136EE7AC" box="[1246,1303,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="357">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |