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<document id="B2C7ACF0F0EC91CFE9A9BC22732EBE23" ID-CLB-Dataset="182449" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5182.5.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="734cf61c-2c3c-4539-aa88-41acc3d2cd95" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7059636" ID-ZooBank="33521A45-4306-4A49-89FC-AC47A015551D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1662620340025" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Thunnisa, Abu Muhsina, Arbea, Javier Ignacio, Sumithra, Nallathambi, Mandal, Guru Pada &amp; Sanil, Raveendranathanpillai" docDate="2022" docId="460287B0FFA8E57D18989CA5FA70F84F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5182.5.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5182 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Protaphorura sholai Thunnisa, Arbea &amp; Sanil 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="454" masterDocId="BA3BFFC8FFAEE57B180F9C32FFECFFB8" masterDocTitle="Two new species and two new records of Onychiurinae (Collembola, Onychiuridae) from the Nilgiris, India" masterLastPageNumber="464" masterPageNumber="448" pageNumber="454" updateTime="1699378026010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="85A70B21ED43331863B0FE613F4A399B">Two new species and two new records of Onychiurinae (Collembola, Onychiuridae) from the Nilgiris, India</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DEAB011729E4FF1B8AA1EA5F9EBBA583" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C34364C0048D06E6DADFEDF1344EF723">Thunnisa, Abu Muhsina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2109BC9283EC195A50333BC0F8222343">Molecular Biodiversity Lab, Department of Zoology &amp; Wildlife Biology, Government Arts College, Stone House Hill P. O., Udhagamandalam, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, 643002, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5D872325793DE39EE8A28D4A52830403">Arbea, Javier Ignacio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FB6270AB8DAE1A530FE0B881495F1F93">c / Ría de Solía 3, ch. 39. 39610 El Astillero, Cantabria, Spain.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7CA535685C40E5798AAF8D151FEA5026">Sumithra, Nallathambi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DBA4A2E6F45EF7F736DEDA21EB56E8CB">Molecular Biodiversity Lab, Department of Zoology &amp; Wildlife Biology, Government Arts College, Stone House Hill P. O., Udhagamandalam, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, 643002, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="844F01CDA8AC7D4D59E4AF0AC46C89F0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4B9FD87FF0D54B37E9D71D8E7D13D740">Mandal, Guru Pada</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8D6455D2C38AA627F1F6EC04788A2A1A">Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, 700 053, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F3588F61C611B5F8DEBA936298B4639D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6BB7C806F6E47C5645A4A2047FD2990D">Sanil, Raveendranathanpillai</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EC31CDD8AAEEFECAA240F0C9F8BB9D6C">Molecular Biodiversity Lab, Department of Zoology &amp; Wildlife Biology, Government Arts College, Stone House Hill P. O., Udhagamandalam, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, 643002, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="1712B2F8FF1B780C014EC0FF3D10DB7C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="29861DCF7E2D255DD381CBC493AB3D57">
<mods:date id="6479BC2A79B99D35E310B945F6280925">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BD930B5EF088A0F9ED61FCA28630D4B1">2022-09-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DB5AC71B642ECD1DDEB70FA69A8B8E7A">5182</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="DE94C13B87FB56E31CFFA66800D7567C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="27DDEF8CA9CE28B3820911C5EE647A07" type="CLB-Dataset">182449</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="66E152208885997511DBF29891019517" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5182.5.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="460287B0FFA8E57D18989CA5FA70F84F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7061907" ID-GBIF-Taxon="204252314" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7061907" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:460287B0FFA8E57D18989CA5FA70F84F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/460287B0FFA8E57D18989CA5FA70F84F" lastPageNumber="454" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
<subSubSection id="86B1652DFFA8E57D18989CA5FCDFFF09" box="[151,819,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18989CA5FCDFFF09" blockId="6.[151,819,151,213]" box="[151,819,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
<heading id="955C81CAFFA8E57D18989CA5FCDFFF09" bold="true" box="[151,819,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" reason="1">
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D18989CA5FCDFFF09" bold="true" box="[151,819,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
<taxonomicName id="09AB4D25FFA8E57D18989CA5FD22FF09" ID-CoL="B8NY7" authority="Thunnisa, Arbea &amp; Sanil" authorityName="Thunnisa, Arbea &amp; Sanil" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,718,151,178]" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sholai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D18989CA5FE62FF0A" bold="true" box="[151,398,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Protaphorura sholai</emphasis>
Thunnisa, Arbea &amp; Sanil
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7EC57CFFFA8E57D1ADA9CA5FCDFFF09" box="[725,819,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86B1652DFFA8E57D18989C89FE8BFF6D" box="[151,359,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="description">
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18989C89FE8BFF6D" blockId="6.[151,819,151,213]" box="[151,359,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D18989C89FEE5FF6D" box="[151,265,187,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 9–11" captionStart-1="FIGURES 12–16" captionStartId-0="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,264,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox-0="[316,1279,186,1912]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1417,189,1376]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@7.[293,1294,181,1919]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@8.[151,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionText-0="FIGURES 9–11. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 9, dorsal view; 10, abdominal ventral view; 11, Antena. Scales: 0.2 mm (9–10), 0.03 mm (11)." captionText-1="FIGURES 12–16. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 12, labium (labial papillae chaetae not represented); 13, PAO; 14, furcal area; 15, anal valves; 16, tibiotarsus and claw of leg III. Scales: 0.03 mm (12–14, 16), 0.05 mm (15)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059642" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059644" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7059642/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7059644/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Figs 9–16</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="8329031DFFA8E57D191B9C89FE8BFF6D" box="[276,359,187,213]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[152,244,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Differential characters of Protaphorura species with pso formula as 32/022/33342 dorsally. A, Ventral pso on Abd I-IV; B, Ventral psx formula; C, number of vesicles in PAO; D, Position of head chaeta p2 in relation to p1 and p3; E, Th I tergum chaetae after Gisin (1952); F, chaeta s’ on Abd I-III; G, ratio M/Sp chaetae on Abd V (AS = 10); H, unguis denticle; I, AS/unguis ratio; J, unguiculus/unguis ratio; K, distribution; L, references (besides the original description): 1, Babenko &amp; Fjellberg (2016); 2, Babenko &amp; Kaprus’ (2014); 3, Gruia et al. (2000); 4, Parimuchová &amp; Kováč (2016); 5, present paper." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9AD4662EFFA7E57218979CA5FEC0FEDB" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" tableUuid="9AD4662EFFA7E57218979CA5FEC0FEDB">Table 2</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86B1652DFFA8E57D18989CC9FABBFEE4" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18989CC9FABBFEE4" blockId="6.[151,1437,251,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D18989CC9FEE6FEAD" bold="true" box="[151,266,251,277]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Pso formula dorsally as 32/022/33342, ventrally as 10/000/0000. Psx formula as 1/000/11110. AIIIO with 5 guard chaetae and 5 papillae, 2 granulated sensory club and 2 small sensory rods. PAO well developed with 34–38 simple vesicles. Labial palp A
<typeStatus id="11108804FFA8E57D1A359D71FD82FEE5" box="[570,622,323,349]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">type</typeStatus>
. Ventral tube with 7–9 apical and 2+2 basal chaetae. MVO absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86B1652DFFA8E57D18C89D57FEBAFDCE" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="materials_examined">
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<typeStatus id="11108804FFA8E57D18C89D57FEEEFEC7" box="[199,258,357,383]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Type</typeStatus>
localities
</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="B6BC7636FFA8E57D19719D57FE56FEC7" box="[382,442,357,383]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">India</collectingCountry>
,
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,
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, the
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:
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(
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,
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)
</materialsCitation>
,
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<location id="CB74607DFFA8E57D1CD49D57FAAFFEC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:460287B0FFA8E57D18989CA5FA70F84F:CB74607DFFA8E57D1CD49D57FAAFFEC7" box="[1243,1347,357,383]" country="India" latitude="11.366667" longLatPrecision="1295" longitude="76.7" name="Lovedale" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Lovedale</location>
(
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,
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)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="7EC33CFBFFA8E57D19239DBAFD26FE1B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962319302" box="[300,714,392,419]" country="India" latitude="11.55" location="Nellakottai" longLatPrecision="1295" longitude="76.416664" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="holotype">
and
<location id="CB74607DFFA8E57D19539DBAFE34FE1A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:460287B0FFA8E57D18989CA5FA70F84F:CB74607DFFA8E57D19539DBAFE34FE1A" box="[348,472,392,418]" country="India" latitude="11.55" longLatPrecision="1295" longitude="76.416664" name="Nellakottai" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Nellakottai</location>
(
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,
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18C89D9EFEBAFDCE" blockId="6.[151,1437,251,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D18C89D9EFE9CFE7D" bold="true" box="[199,368,427,454]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Type material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="7EC33CFBFFA8E57D198F9D9EFE9CFD97" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962319307" collectingDate="2019-04-05" collectingDateMax="2019-12-03" collectingDateMin="2019-04-05" collectorName="A. M. Thunnisa" country="India" county="Western Ghats" location="Pykara" municipality="Nilgiris" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" specimenCount="14" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="11108804FFA8E57D198F9D9EFE04FE7E" box="[384,488,428,454]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female and
<specimenCount id="D8ADFD2FFFA8E57D1A769D9EFD17FE7E" box="[633,763,428,454]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">3 paratypes</specimenCount>
(
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and
<specimenCount id="D8ADFD2FFFA8E57D1BB89D9EFBEAFE7E" box="[951,1030,428,454]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
) mounted on slides.
<collectingCountry id="B6BC7636FFA8E57D1CF79D9EFAD8FE7E" box="[1272,1332,428,454]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="27754E2AFFA8E57D1D4E9D9EFF37FE51" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Western Ghats</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="0C6FF844FFA8E57D18E79DFDFE9DFE51" box="[232,369,463,489]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
, the
<collectingMunicipality id="2E70ACDCFFA8E57D19A69DFDFDEDFE51" box="[425,513,463,489]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Nilgiris</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="CB74607DFFA8E57D1A009DFDFD8CFE51" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:460287B0FFA8E57D18989CA5FA70F84F:CB74607DFFA8E57D1A009DFDFD8CFE51" box="[527,608,463,489]" country="India" county="Western Ghats" municipality="Nilgiris" name="Pykara" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Pykara</location>
, shola soil,
<date id="BA151066FFA8E57D1AE69DFDFC85FE51" box="[745,873,463,489]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" value="2019-12-03">
<collectingDate id="AA51E98EFFA8E57D1AE69DFDFC85FE51" box="[745,873,463,489]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" value="2019-12-03">12.03.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="635E5370FFA8E57D1B7A9DFDFBCDFE51" box="[885,1057,463,489]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">A.M. Thunnisa</collectorName>
leg.
<specimenCount id="D8ADFD2FFFA8E57D1C539DFDFB32FE51" box="[1116,1246,463,489]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">8 paratypes</specimenCount>
on slides.
<collectingCountry id="B6BC7636FFA8E57D1D539DFDFA74FE51" box="[1372,1432,463,489]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">India</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="CB74607DFFA8E57D18989DC1FED7FDB4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:460287B0FFA8E57D18989CA5FA70F84F:CB74607DFFA8E57D18989DC1FED7FDB4" box="[151,315,498,525]" country="India" county="Western Ghats" municipality="Nilgiris" name="Western Ghats" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Western Ghats</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="0C6FF844FFA8E57D194B9DC0FE25FDB4" box="[324,457,498,524]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
, Nilgiri, Lovedale, shola soil,
<date id="BA151066FFA8E57D1B1E9DC0FC63FDB4" box="[785,911,498,524]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" value="2019-04-21">
<collectingDate id="AA51E98EFFA8E57D1B1E9DC0FC63FDB4" box="[785,911,498,524]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" value="2019-04-21">21.04.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
and Nellakottai, bamboo leaf litter,
<date id="BA151066FFA8E57D1D189DC0FA74FDB5" box="[1303,1432,498,525]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" value="2019-04-05">
<collectingDate id="AA51E98EFFA8E57D1D189DC0FA74FDB5" box="[1303,1432,498,525]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" value="2019-04-05">04.05.2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="635E5370FFA8E57D18989E27FEACFD97" box="[151,320,533,559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">A.M. Thunnisa</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<typeStatus id="11108804FFA8E57D19799E27FE32FD97" box="[374,478,533,559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female,
<specimenCount id="D8ADFD2FFFA8E57D1A309E24FCDCFD97" box="[575,816,533,560]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="female" typeStatus="paratype">two paratype females</specimenCount>
, and
<specimenCount id="D8ADFD2FFFA8E57D1B669E24FBD8FD97" box="[873,1076,533,560]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="male" typeStatus="paratype">one paratype male</specimenCount>
in ZSI (Accession No.
<typeStatus id="11108804FFA8E57D1D359E27FA70FD97" box="[1338,1436,533,559]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
3227/H14 and
<typeStatus id="11108804FFA8E57D194E9E0BFE40FDEB" box="[321,428,569,595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
3228/H14);
<specimenCount id="D8ADFD2FFFA8E57D1A309E0AFD2DFDEB" box="[575,705,568,595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">5 paratypes</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCount id="D8ADFD2FFFA8E57D1ADC9E0BFCAEFDEA" box="[723,834,568,595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="D8ADFD2FFFA8E57D1B739E0BFC3AFDEA" box="[892,982,568,595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
) in MBL;
<specimenCount id="D8ADFD2FFFA8E57D1C5D9E0BFB38FDEB" box="[1106,1236,569,595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">3 paratypes</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCount id="D8ADFD2FFFA8E57D1CEA9E0BFAB8FDEA" box="[1253,1364,568,595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="D8ADFD2FFFA8E57D1D819E0BFF23FDCE" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
) in MNCN.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86B1652DFFA8E57D18C89E4DFD78FD04" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18C89E4DFD78FD04" blockId="6.[151,1437,251,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D18C89E4DFEA4FD21" bold="true" box="[199,328,639,665]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Etymology</emphasis>
. The name of the new species refers to “shola”, the local name for the tropical montane forest found in the higher montane regions of South
<collectingCountry id="B6BC7636FFA8E57D1A5C9E90FD7CFD04" box="[595,656,674,700]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86B1652DFFA8E57D18C89EF7FC12F89A" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="description">
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18C89EF7FB63FCBA" blockId="6.[151,1437,251,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D18C89EF7FEBDFD67" bold="true" box="[199,337,709,735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Description</emphasis>
. Color in alcohol white. Length (without antennae)
<quantity id="09539B43FFA8E57D1B879EF7FBE1FD58" box="[904,1037,709,736]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" unit="mm" value="1.8" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2.2 mm</quantity>
in female,
<quantity id="09539B43FFA8E57D1C8B9EF7FB1FFD67" box="[1156,1267,709,735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.175" metricValueMax="4.318" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" unit="in" value="1.25" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.7 in</quantity>
male;
<typeStatus id="11108804FFA8E57D1D359EF7FA70FD67" box="[1338,1436,709,735]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<quantity id="09539B43FFA8E57D18989EDAFF12FCBB" box="[151,254,744,771]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" unit="mm" value="2.15">2.15 mm</quantity>
. Cylindrical body, with anal spines on papillae. Granulation distinct and uniform.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18C89F3EFB54FCF1" blockId="6.[151,1437,251,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Pso formula: 32/022/33342 dorsally, 10/000/0000 ventrally; ventrally with 1/000/1111 psx and 1,1,1 psp in Th I–III; subcoxa 1 of legs I–III with 1,1,1 pso; subcoxa 2 of the legs with 1,1,1 psx, respectively.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18C89F60FA92FBDB" blockId="6.[151,1437,251,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
Head. Antennae approximately the same length as the head. Well-marked antenna bases. Ant IV with subapical organite and a lateral-external ms located at the level of second proximal row of chaetae. AIIIO with 5 papillae, 5 guard chaetae, 2 small sensory rods, 2 granulated sensory clubs and one lateral ms. Ant I–III with 11,17,16 ordinary chaetae, respectively (
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D19999F8EFE06FC6E" box="[406,490,956,982]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–11" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[316,1279,186,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[293,1294,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9–11. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 9, dorsal view; 10, abdominal ventral view; 11, Antena. Scales: 0.2 mm (9–10), 0.03 mm (11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059642/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). PAO compossed of 34–38 simple vesicles (
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D1BF69F8EFBA3FC6E" box="[1017,1103,956,982]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[158,1417,189,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[151,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–16. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 12, labium (labial papillae chaetae not represented); 13, PAO; 14, furcal area; 15, anal valves; 16, tibiotarsus and claw of leg III. Scales: 0.03 mm (12–14, 16), 0.05 mm (15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059644/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Head with 4 + 4 p-chaetae between the postero-internal pso (p1’, P1, p2, P3;
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D1AD99FEDFCF7FC41" box="[726,795,991,1017]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–11" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[316,1279,186,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[293,1294,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9–11. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 9, dorsal view; 10, abdominal ventral view; 11, Antena. Scales: 0.2 mm (9–10), 0.03 mm (11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059642/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Mandible with a strong molar plate and 4 apical teeth. Maxilla with 3 teeth and 6 lamellae. Maxillary palp simple, with 1 basal and 2 sublobals chaetae. Labral chaeta formula 4/342. Labium
<typeStatus id="11108804FFA8E57D19A69814FE35FBF8" box="[425,473,1062,1088]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">type</typeStatus>
A; papillae A to E with 1, 4, 0, 3, 3 guard chaetae, respectively; with 5 proximal, 4 basomedial (E, F, G and f) and 5 basolateral chaetae (
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D1AE1987AFCADFBDB" box="[750,833,1096,1123]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[158,1417,189,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[151,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–16. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 12, labium (labial papillae chaetae not represented); 13, PAO; 14, furcal area; 15, anal valves; 16, tibiotarsus and claw of leg III. Scales: 0.03 mm (12–14, 16), 0.05 mm (15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059644/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). 5 + 5 postlabial chaetae along the ventral groove.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18C8985EFF18FAC5" blockId="6.[151,1437,251,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
Dorsal body chaetotaxy as in
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D1A06985EFDA6FB3E" box="[521,586,1132,1158]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–11" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[316,1279,186,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[293,1294,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9–11. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 9, dorsal view; 10, abdominal ventral view; 11, Antena. Scales: 0.2 mm (9–10), 0.03 mm (11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059642/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
, is rather symmetrical, well differentiated in micro-, meso- and macrochaetae. Sensory chaetae little different from mesochaetae, with blunt apex. Tergites Th II–III with lateral ms. Th I tergite with 12–14 pairs of chaetae (chaetotaxy
<typeStatus id="11108804FFA8E57D1A5B9881FD6FFB75" box="[596,643,1203,1229]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">type</typeStatus>
i, 2–3, m). Th II and III with 5+5 axial microchaetae, Abd I–III has 4+4 microchaetae along the axial line. Abd IV without unpaired axial chaetae, Abd V with m0 and p0, and Abd VI with m0 unpaired axial chaeta. Abd I–III and V tergites without chaeta s’ (
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D1B8398CAFC23FAAB" box="[908,975,1272,1299]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–11" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[316,1279,186,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[293,1294,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9–11. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 9, dorsal view; 10, abdominal ventral view; 11, Antena. Scales: 0.2 mm (9–10), 0.03 mm (11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059642/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Ratio of chaetae M/sp lengths on Abd V 1.3–1.5. Ratio of chaeta M/
<collectingCountry id="B6BC7636FFA8E57D19C9992EFE04FA8E" box="[454,488,1308,1334]" name="American Samoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">AS</collectingCountry>
lengths 0.8–1.1. Lines (straight) passing through the bases of the prespinal chaetae a1 and m1, convergent (
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D198D990DFE2BFAE1" box="[386,455,1343,1369]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–11" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[316,1279,186,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[293,1294,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9–11. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 9, dorsal view; 10, abdominal ventral view; 11, Antena. Scales: 0.2 mm (9–10), 0.03 mm (11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059642/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="B6BC7636FFA8E57D19D4990DFE12FAE1" box="[475,510,1343,1369]" name="American Samoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">AS</collectingCountry>
long, on well-differentiated papillae, 1.1–1.4 times as long as the inner edge of the claw III.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18C899B7FDB1F9CB" blockId="6.[151,1437,251,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
Ventral body chaetotaxy according to
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D1A8B99B7FD36FA27" box="[644,730,1413,1439]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–11" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[316,1279,186,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[293,1294,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9–11. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 9, dorsal view; 10, abdominal ventral view; 11, Antena. Scales: 0.2 mm (9–10), 0.03 mm (11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059642" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059642/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
. Th I–III, between the legs, with 1, 2, 2–3 pairs of chaetae, respectively. VT with 7–9 + 7–9 distal and 2 + 2 basal chaetae. Furca reduced to a cuticular fold with 2 + 2 dental microchaetae: 1 + 1 located on the fold and 1 + 1 clearly located behind; three rows of posterior manubrial chaetae: rows ma, mm and mp with 2 + 2 chaetae, of which the outer ones are macrochaetae (
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D1C5E99DDFB48F9B1" box="[1105,1188,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[158,1417,189,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[151,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–16. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 12, labium (labial papillae chaetae not represented); 13, PAO; 14, furcal area; 15, anal valves; 16, tibiotarsus and claw of leg III. Scales: 0.03 mm (12–14, 16), 0.05 mm (15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059644/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Female genital plate with 15–20 chaetae plus two posterior microchaetae; male genital plate bears 30–35 chaetae. MVO absent. Anal valves with numerous acuminate chaetae; each lateral valve with chaetae a0, 2a1 and 2a2; posterior valve with a0, 2a1, 2b1, 2b2, c0, 2c1 and 2c2 (
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D19F29A6AFDBCF9CB" box="[509,592,1624,1651]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[158,1417,189,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[151,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–16. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 12, labium (labial papillae chaetae not represented); 13, PAO; 14, furcal area; 15, anal valves; 16, tibiotarsus and claw of leg III. Scales: 0.03 mm (12–14, 16), 0.05 mm (15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059644/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18C89A4EFC12F89A" blockId="6.[151,1437,251,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
Legs. Subcoxae 1 of legs I–III with 5–6, 6–7, 5–6 chaetae, subcoxae 2 with 1, 5–6, 5–6, coxae with 4,10–11,13– 14, trochanters with 11, 11, 11–12 and femurs with 19–20, 19–21,18 chaetae, respectively. Tibiotarsi of legs I–III with 21 (11, 8, 2), 21–22 (11, 8, 2-3), 21–22 (11, 8, 2–3) chaetae, respectively, of which 1, 1, 1 are macrochaetae with blunt apex located in the basal row (R chaetae) (
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D1B009AD7FC8AF947" box="[783,870,1765,1791]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[158,1417,189,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[151,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–16. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 12, labium (labial papillae chaetae not represented); 13, PAO; 14, furcal area; 15, anal valves; 16, tibiotarsus and claw of leg III. Scales: 0.03 mm (12–14, 16), 0.05 mm (15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059644/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). Claw with inner tooth. Unguiculus narrow and pointed, without basal lamella, as long as the inner edge of the claw (
<figureCitation id="56902A23FFA8E57D1B929B3AFC1DF89A" box="[925,1009,1800,1826]" captionStart="FIGURES 12–16" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[158,1417,189,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[151,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 12–16. Protaphorura sholai sp. nov. 12, labium (labial papillae chaetae not represented); 13, PAO; 14, furcal area; 15, anal valves; 16, tibiotarsus and claw of leg III. Scales: 0.03 mm (12–14, 16), 0.05 mm (15)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7059644" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7059644/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="86B1652DFFA8E57D18C89B19FA70F84F" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="CE1436A6FFA8E57D18C89B19FA70F84F" blockId="6.[151,1437,251,2039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D18C89B19FEA9F8FD" bold="true" box="[199,325,1835,1861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Discussion</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="09AB4D25FFA8E57D19599B1EFDD3F8FE" authority="Thunnisa &amp; Arbea &amp; Sumithra &amp; Mandal &amp; Sanil, 2022" authorityName="Thunnisa &amp; Arbea &amp; Sumithra &amp; Mandal &amp; Sanil" authorityYear="2022" box="[342,575,1836,1862]" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sholai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D19599B1EFDD3F8FE" box="[342,575,1836,1862]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Protaphorura sholai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D1A459B1EFD4BF8FE" bold="true" box="[586,679,1836,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7EC57CFFFA8E57D1A459B1EFD4BF8FE" box="[586,679,1836,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
belongs to the group with pso formula as 32/022/33342 dorsally (
<tableCitation id="8329031DFFA8E57D18909B7DFF1BF8D1" box="[159,247,1871,1897]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[152,244,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Differential characters of Protaphorura species with pso formula as 32/022/33342 dorsally. A, Ventral pso on Abd I-IV; B, Ventral psx formula; C, number of vesicles in PAO; D, Position of head chaeta p2 in relation to p1 and p3; E, Th I tergum chaetae after Gisin (1952); F, chaeta s’ on Abd I-III; G, ratio M/Sp chaetae on Abd V (AS = 10); H, unguis denticle; I, AS/unguis ratio; J, unguiculus/unguis ratio; K, distribution; L, references (besides the original description): 1, Babenko &amp; Fjellberg (2016); 2, Babenko &amp; Kaprus’ (2014); 3, Gruia et al. (2000); 4, Parimuchová &amp; Kováč (2016); 5, present paper." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9AD4662EFFA7E57218979CA5FEC0FEDB" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" tableUuid="9AD4662EFFA7E57218979CA5FEC0FEDB">Table 2</tableCitation>
). After the most recent key to
<taxonomicName id="09AB4D25FFA8E57D1A439B7DFCD3F8D1" box="[588,831,1871,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D1A439B7DFD0BF8D1" box="[588,743,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">Protaphorura</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AA3A4B57FFA8E57D1B419B7DFB78F8D1" author="Parimuchova, A. &amp; Kovac, L." box="[846,1172,1871,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" pagination="254 - 272" refId="ref8693" refString="Parimuchova, A. &amp; Kovac, L. (2016) A new cave species of the genus Protaphorura Absolon, 1901 (Collembola, Onychiuridae) from Western Carpathians (Slovakia) with critical comments to the Palaearctic representatives of the genus. Zootaxa, 4098 (2), 254 - 272. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4098.2.3" type="journal article" year="2016">Parimuchová &amp; Kováč 2016</bibRefCitation>
), the new species is the most similar to the species
<taxonomicName id="09AB4D25FFA8E57D19CC9B41FCC9F834" authority="(Martynova 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Martynova" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[451,805,1906,1932]" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subarctica">
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D19CC9B41FDBFF834" box="[451,595,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">P. subarctica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AA3A4B57FFA8E57D1A6F9B40FCF0F834" author="Martynova, E. F." box="[608,796,1906,1932]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" pagination="5 - 44" refId="ref8401" refString="Martynova, E. F. (1976) Species of genus Onychiurus Gervais, 1841 (Collembola, Onychiuridae) from the North and North-East of Asia. In: Nouvelles de la faune de Siberie, Academie des Sciences de l'URSS, 1976, pp. 5 - 44." type="journal article" year="1976">Martynova 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="09AB4D25FFA8E57D1B569B41FB2EF835" authority="(Christiansen 1956)" baseAuthorityName="Christiansen" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[857,1218,1906,1933]" class="Collembola" family="Onychiuridae" genus="Protaphorura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="levantina">
<emphasis id="FCDFEAB4FFA8E57D1B569B41FC30F834" box="[857,988,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">P. levantina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="AA3A4B57FFA8E57D1BE59B40FB56F835" author="Christiansen, K." box="[1002,1210,1906,1933]" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" pagination="119 - 133" refId="ref7469" refString="Christiansen, K. (1956) The Collembola of Lebanon and Western Syria, Part I General considerations and the Family Onychiuridae. Psyche, 63 (4), 119 - 133. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1956 / 62859" type="journal article" year="1956">Christiansen 1956</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. However, it can be separated easily from them by the position of head chaeta p
<quantity id="09539B43FFA8E57D1B019BA7FCD9F817" box="[782,821,1941,1967]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" unit="in" value="2.0">2in</quantity>
relation to p1and p3 (at the same level in the new species, compared to above in the other species) and longer anal spines (
<collectingCountry id="B6BC7636FFA8E57D1B579B8BFC91F86B" box="[856,893,1977,2003]" name="American Samoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">AS</collectingCountry>
longer than unguis in the new species, compared to
<collectingCountry id="B6BC7636FFA8E57D18BC9BEFFF3BF84F" box="[179,215,2013,2039]" name="American Samoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="454">AS</collectingCountry>
shorter than unguis in the other species). A comparison with other species of the group is shown in
<tableCitation id="8329031DFFA8E57D1D4D9BEFFA74F84F" box="[1346,1432,2013,2039]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[152,244,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Differential characters of Protaphorura species with pso formula as 32/022/33342 dorsally. A, Ventral pso on Abd I-IV; B, Ventral psx formula; C, number of vesicles in PAO; D, Position of head chaeta p2 in relation to p1 and p3; E, Th I tergum chaetae after Gisin (1952); F, chaeta s’ on Abd I-III; G, ratio M/Sp chaetae on Abd V (AS = 10); H, unguis denticle; I, AS/unguis ratio; J, unguiculus/unguis ratio; K, distribution; L, references (besides the original description): 1, Babenko &amp; Fjellberg (2016); 2, Babenko &amp; Kaprus’ (2014); 3, Gruia et al. (2000); 4, Parimuchová &amp; Kováč (2016); 5, present paper." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9AD4662EFFA7E57218979CA5FEC0FEDB" pageId="6" pageNumber="454" tableUuid="9AD4662EFFA7E57218979CA5FEC0FEDB">Table 2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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