153 lines
12 KiB
XML
153 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.692.14706" ID-GBIF-Dataset="81f065e7-a342-495c-9855-21bc26539311" ID-PMC="PMC5672734" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-692-1" ID-PubMed="29133987" ID-ZBK="1B7C3F517CF543338EAB1CB1BD9D8A07" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-692-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 692" ModsDocTitle="A review of the land snail genus Alycaeus (Gastropoda, Alycaeidae) in Peninsular Malaysia" checkinTime="1503352913593" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Foon, Junn Kitt & Liew, Thor-Seng" docDate="2017" docId="F4EA8B5B93217E3BDB113CE3D1F83CAC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 692: 1-81" docOrigin="ZooKeys 692" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.692.14706" docTitle="Alycaeus expansus Foon & Liew, 2017, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="E2003BE4-BAD9-42B9-A89D-40ABB6EACED1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FF8E6C15A17CDA48FFA7FFE36C7CFFA2" masterDocTitle="A review of the land snail genus Alycaeus (Gastropoda, Alycaeidae) in Peninsular Malaysia" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1668164728433" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of the land snail genus Alycaeus (Gastropoda, Alycaeidae) in Peninsular Malaysia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Foon, Junn Kitt</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liew, Thor-Seng</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>692</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>81</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.692.14706</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.692.14706</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-692-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">1B7C3F517CF543338EAB1CB1BD9D8A07</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">1B7C3F517CF543338EAB1CB1BD9D8A07</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="132786243" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E2003BE4-BAD9-42B9-A89D-40ABB6EACED1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F4EA8B5B93217E3BDB113CE3D1F83CAC" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/E2003BE4-BAD9-42B9-A89D-40ABB6EACED1" class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus expansus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="expansus">Alycaeus expansus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="21" pageNumber="22">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 7N, 16, 31I
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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PHG 74 Bukit Sagu, Pahang (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="3.9816668">3°58'54"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="103.144165">103°08'39"E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Holotype. PHG 74 Bukit Sagu, Pahang: BOR/MOL 12983. Paratypes. PHG 74 Bukit Sagu, Pahang: BOR/MOL 269/2, BOR/MOL 6358/4. PHG 75 Bukit Tenggek, Pahang: BOR/MOL 273/2.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Other examined materials.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">PHG 72 Bukit Panching, Pahang: BOR/MOL 247/1, ZRC 1975.2.24.352-355/3, ANSP 439118/8. PHG 73 Bukit Charas, Pahang: BOR/MOL 245/1, BOR/MOL 6367/1, BOR/MOL 6890/1, BOR/MOL 8400/9, BOR/MOL 12984/1, ZRC 1975.2.21.956-1015/63, ZRC 1975.2.21.876-955/81, ZRC 1975.2.21.435-488/53, ZRC 1975.2.21.732-831/101. PHG 74 Bukit Sagu, Pahang: ZRC 1975.2.21.532-556/26. PHG 75 Bukit Tenggek, Pahang: ZRC 1975.2.24.723-725/2, ZRC 1975.2.21.489-531/44.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Latin, meaning expanded. In reference to the very expanded peristome and globose whorls.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Protoconch. Smooth.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">Shell</pageBreakToken>
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shape. Conical. Shell height: 4.11-5.88 mm. Shell width: 3.87-5.96 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Spire. Spire height: 1.33-1.85 mm. Spire width: 1.88-2.57 mm. Number of whorls: up to 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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. Spire shape: oblong conical. Whorl periphery rounded. Umbilicus open.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Whorl constriction. At about 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
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whorls posterior of protoconch.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Breathing tube. Length: 0.44-0.62 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Aperture and peristome. Aperture very expanded, ocassionally forming wing-like extensions at columellar and upper palatal sections. Wing-like extension at columellar section of the aperture is angular. Aperture height: 1.81-3.44 mm. Aperture width: 1.78-3.13 mm. Peristome double, not thickened, notched at suture. Peristome orientation 27-32° oblique with respect to the coiling axis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Spiral lines. Indistinct. Regularly spaced. Approximately 18-40 lines per 1 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Radial ribs running anterior of breathing tube. Radial ribs indistinct, evenly spaced. Approximately 6-15 ribs per 1 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Radial ribs running perpendicular to breathing tube. Radial ribs pronounced and thicker than those anterior of breathing tube, evenly spaced. Approximately 11-17 ribs per 1 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Radial ribs running posterior of breathing tube. Radial ribs indistinct, unevenly spaced to absent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Operculum. Concave, conical. Exterior covered with thick calcareous layer, surface finely granulated. Interior covered with proteinaceous coating, smooth, mamillated.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Shell colour. Whorls yellow. Peristome white.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Living animal. Body cream-white. Head pink. Tentacles cream-white, tips pink.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Lives on wet rock surfaces and crevices covered with mosses at higher areas and wang of limestone hills. In shaded forests.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Distribution range.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Restricted to the Kuantan Hills of eastern Pahang (comprises of Bukit Tenggek, Bukit Sagu, Bukit Charas and Bukit Panching).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus expansus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="expansus">Alycaeus expansus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is distinguished from all other Peninsular Malaysian
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Alycaeus</taxonomicName>
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by its very obtuse ultimate whorl, very expanded peristome with wing-like extensions at columellar and upper palatal sections, thick operculum and animal colouration.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Prior to this study, shells of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. expansus" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="expansus">A. expansus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. from Bukit Charas and Bukit Panching were labelled as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. kelantanensis" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="kelantanensis">A. kelantanensis</taxonomicName>
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(BOR/MOL and ZRC collection lots). Shells of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. expansus" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="expansus">A. expansus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is consistent in its diagnostic obtuse ultimate whorl and very expanded peristome across its range but varies in shell size and spire height for each hill population. Shells from Bukit Sagu and Bukit Tenggek (the northern two of the Kuantan Hills) tend to be larger with ultimate whorl always obtused and spire low. Shells from Bukit Charas and Bukit Panching (the southern two of the Kuantan Hills) tend to be slightly smaller and more variable in ultimate whorl shape (obtuse to normal) and spire height (tall to low). It is possible that
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. expansus" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="expansus">A. expansus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. may contain two cryptic species pending availability of molecular data for investigation. Unfortunately, populations on Bukit Panching, Bukit Tenggek and Bukit Sagu are now likely lost to limestone quarrying (see Discussion in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. carinata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="carinata">A. carinata</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Figure 16.
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Alycaeidae" genus="Alycaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alycaeus expansus" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="expansus">Alycaeus expansus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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Shell of holotype, BOR/MOL 12983
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–H">F-H</normalizedToken>
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Close up of shell of holotype, BOR/MOL 12983
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–L">I-L</normalizedToken>
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Operculum of holotype, BOR/MOL 12983
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<normalizedToken originalValue="M–Q">M-Q</normalizedToken>
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Shell of BOR/MOL 245. Scale bars:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–H">A-H</normalizedToken>
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1 mm;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–L">I-L</normalizedToken>
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0.5 mm. All photographs by Junn Kitt Foon.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |