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<document id="0ECDE3A0A59D8E4D35EAEDD83F9B29D1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3722.4.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d2db5db0-c5ca-4150-8d74-d39f2d96a78f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="249140" ID-ZooBank="C1F59CA8-0F0E-471B-9B2D-26980A002511" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460692944579" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Trager, James C." docDate="2013" docId="03DBDC46FFA5FF874BBEFF56FD6C6E1C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03722p548.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3722 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polyergus sanwaldi Trager, 2013, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="EC6F6C69-244E-4678-ADB5-A58BC5B73EC6" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="530" masterDocId="FFE2A43EFFB8FF9A4B29FFC1FFE46976" masterDocTitle="Global revision of the dulotic ant genus Polyergus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, Formicinae, Formicini)" masterLastPageNumber="548" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="530" updateTime="1698351922635" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="B25280018F8D6E5AF2C5E6F12B506F41">Global revision of the dulotic ant genus Polyergus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, Formicinae, Formicini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B74780F8E6FA81DD0E0C1EF19666792C">Trager, James C.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03DBDC46FFA5FF874BBEFF56FD6C6E1C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6150077" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119580916" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6150077" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EC6F6C69-244E-4678-ADB5-A58BC5B73EC6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DBDC46FFA5FF874BBEFF56FD6C6E1C" lastPageNumber="530" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<subSubSection id="C3683EDBFFA5FF874BBEFF56FB6C6B08" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BBEFF56FDFD69C4" blockId="29.[151,537,151,211]" box="[151,537,151,178]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<heading id="D085DA3CFFA5FF874BBEFF56FDFD69C4" bold="true" box="[151,537,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874BBEFF56FDFD69C4" bold="true" box="[151,537,151,178]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874BBEFF56FE6669C7" box="[151,386,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanwaldi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874BBEFF56FE6669C7" bold="true" box="[151,386,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Polyergus sanwaldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2350C39FFA5FF874AA0FF59FDFD69C4" box="[393,537,152,178]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BBEFF7BFE8669A5" blockId="29.[151,537,151,211]" box="[151,354,186,211]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<figureCitation id="134971D5FFA5FF874BBEFF7BFE8669A5" box="[151,354,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 44" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1708,1731]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1686]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,193,1687]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 42 44. Lateral, full face, and dorsal views of Polyergus sanwaldi worker CASENT 0281058. Photographs by Shannon Hartman from www. AntWeb. org." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249156/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Figures 42, 43, 44</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BBEFF3CFAA1684F" blockId="29.[151,1437,253,314]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<typeStatus id="54C9D3F2FFA5FF874BBEFF3CFF1B6860" box="[151,255,253,278]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
worker:
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFA5FF874AA0FF3FFE206860" box="[393,452,254,278]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">USA</collectingCountry>
, NEW YORK Suffolk Co. Medford vicinity.
<date id="FFCC4B90FFA5FF874F16FF3FFB006860" box="[1087,1252,254,278]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" value="1988-08">August 1988</date>
. R. Sanwald. [CASENT0281058].
<typeStatus id="54C9D3F2FFA5FF874AAFFEE3FE13684C" box="[390,503,290,314]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 9 gynes,
<specimenCount id="9D74A6D9FFA5FF87494FFEE0FD5B684C" box="[614,703,289,314]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="male">8 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D74A6D9FFA5FF8749E2FEE0FCDB684C" box="[715,831,289,314]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="worker">6 workers</specimenCount>
: same data as
<typeStatus id="54C9D3F2FFA5FF8748F4FEE0FBDB684C" box="[989,1087,289,314]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
[MCZ, CAS, AMNH].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BEEFEA8FD4568D0" blockId="29.[151,1436,361,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<typeStatus id="54C9D3F2FFA5FF874BEEFEA8FECB68F4" box="[199,303,361,386]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
measurements HL 1.80, HW 1.67, SL 1.60, ½ VeM 15, ½ PnM 4, WL 2.76, GL 2.68, HFL 2.24, CI 93, SI 96, HFI 134, FSI 134, LI 4.56, TL 7.24.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BEEFE73FB0B6B64" blockId="29.[151,1436,361,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<typeStatus id="54C9D3F2FFA5FF874BEEFE73FECD68BC" box="[199,297,434,458]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
worker measurements (N=5) HL 1.721.80 (1.76), HW 1.631.74 (1.70), SL 1.621.64 (1.63), ½ VeM 1115 (12.75), ½ PnM 24 (3), WL 2.682.83 (2.75), GL 2.122.24 (2.19), HFL 2.202.32, CI 9599 (96), SI 93101 (96), HFI 126135 (132), FSI 134143 (137), LI 4.444.60 (4.51), TL 6.676.76 (6.70).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BEEFDDFFB6C6B08" blockId="29.[151,1436,361,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Measurements (N=31) HL 1.521.90 (1.65), HW 1.421.80 (1.56), SL 1.501.79 (1.60), ½ VeM 312 (7.03), ½ PnM 04 (1.19), WL 2.362.86 (2.55), GL 1.692.60 (2.23), HFL 2.082.44 (2.20), CI 9297 (95), SI 97113 (103), HFI 134150 (1.41), FSI 124145 (138), LI 3.884.76 (4.20), TL 5.967.36 (6.43).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3683EDBFFA5FF874BEEFD48FE966AB4" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BEEFD48FC476A20" blockId="29.[151,1436,361,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874BEEFD48FE5A6BD4" bold="true" box="[199,446,649,674]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Worker description.</emphasis>
Head rounded hexagonal, its length greater than breadth; with conspicuous vertex pilosity, about 2030 setae; scapes falling slightly short of, to slightly surpassing vertex corners, faintly clavate in the apical third or gradually thickening apically; pronotum with 310 dorsal erect setae; mesonotal profile flat; propodeal profile subquadrate; petiole straight- to slightly convex-sided, petiolar dorsum evenly convex; first tergite lacking pubescence; first tergite pilosity sparse (usually &lt;10 macrosetae), straight, suberect, often deciduous (indicated only by macrosetal sockets in many specimens).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BEEFCA0FAE36A0C" blockId="29.[151,1436,361,1898]" box="[199,1287,865,890]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Head matte; mesonotum matte with only slightly smoother pronotal sides; gaster weakly shining.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BEEFC44FE966AB4" blockId="29.[151,1436,361,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Color mostly red with darker, brown appendages, and similarly dark lower lateral mesosoma, and posterior portions of tergites.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3683EDBFFA5FF874BEEFC0CFCA06D7C" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BEEFC0CFCA06D7C" blockId="29.[151,1436,361,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874BEEFC0CFEA86A90" bold="true" box="[199,332,973,998]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874A7DFC0CFDD76A90" box="[340,563,973,998]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanwaldi">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874A7DFC0CFDD76A90" box="[340,563,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Polyergus sanwaldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874825FC0CFC686A90" box="[780,908,973,998]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874825FC0CFC686A90" box="[780,908,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">longicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but has consistently shorter appendages (
<figureCitation id="134971D5FFA5FF874E47FC0CFF426D7C" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="30.[151,250,1792,1814]" captionTargetBox="[234,1365,704,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[222,1365,704,1731]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 2. Scatter plot comparing head length / scape length ratios of Polyergus longicornis and Polyergus sanwaldi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249142/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) and more northern (and apparently allopatric) distribution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3683EDBFFA5FF874BEEFBD4FBE56F53" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BEEFBD4FCCD6D00" blockId="29.[151,1436,361,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874BEEFBD4FEAA6D58" bold="true" box="[199,334,1045,1070]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is named for Raymond Sanwald, who led to its discovery through his interest in
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874BBEFBF8FEEC6D24" box="[151,264,1081,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874BBEFBF8FEEC6D24" box="[151,264,1081,1106]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Polyergus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and his willingness to host years of studies by Howard Topoff and his students on the
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874FFDFBF8FAA06D24" box="[1236,1348,1081,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874FFDFBF8FAA06D24" box="[1236,1348,1081,1106]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Polyergus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species resident at Rays Medford (Long Island) NY “Ant Ranch.”
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BEEFB40FD616C70" blockId="29.[151,1436,361,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874BEEFB40FE636DEC" bold="true" box="[199,391,1153,1178]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Natural history.</emphasis>
I have studied samples of this ant originating from Massachusetts to northwestern Indiana and southern North Dakota. All samples originated from localities with deep, sandy soil. It seems likely it could be found in intervening sandy soil locations, such as the Oak Openings of Ohio or black oak savannas of northern Illinois, Wisconsin and southern Minnesota.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BEEFAD0FBE56F53" blockId="29.[151,1436,361,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
Goodloe and Sanwald (1985) and Goodloe, Sanwald and Topoff (1987) studied this ant in their work on host specificity of “
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874A17FAF4FE736C38" box="[318,407,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874A17FAF4FE776C38" box="[318,403,1333,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">lucidus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
” The host of this species is exclusively
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874875FAF7FC5B6C3B" box="[860,959,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">F. d o l o s a</emphasis>
(reported as
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874F7EFAF7FB0C6C38" box="[1111,1256,1333,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schaufussi">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874F7EFAF7FB0C6C38" box="[1111,1256,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">F. schaufussi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). These authors determined experimentally that mated gynes from colonies of
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874879FA98FC516C04" box="[848,949,1369,1394]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanwaldi">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874879FA98FC516C04" box="[848,949,1369,1394]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">sanwaldi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were not accepted into groups of
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874E18FA9BFA7F6C07" box="[1329,1435,1370,1393]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incerta">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874E18FA9BFA7F6C07" box="[1329,1435,1370,1393]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">F. incerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
workers, and likewise that gynes of
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874906FABCFD646CE0" box="[559,640,1405,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874906FABCFD646CE0" box="[559,640,1405,1430]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">lucidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were not accepted into groups of
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874F2BFABFFB826CE3" box="[1026,1126,1405,1430]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">F. do l os a</emphasis>
, while gynes introduced to groups of workers of the species of
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874903FA63FD6E6CCF" box="[554,650,1442,1465]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874903FA63FD6E6CCF" box="[554,650,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Formica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in their home-nest most often were accepted. In the field, raids of the two species, again, were conducted only on the respective host species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874F39FA04FB656CA8" box="[1040,1153,1477,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874F39FA04FB656CA8" box="[1040,1153,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Polyergus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
home nest. Their papers were my first clue that
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874A8CFA28FD9E6F74" box="[421,634,1513,1538]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<taxonomicName id="4C7216D3FFA5FF874A8CFA28FE1D6F74" box="[421,505,1513,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="lucidus">lucidus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2350C39FFA5FF87492FFA2BFD9E6F74" box="[518,634,1513,1538]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
might in fact be more than one species. The habitat of this species is sandy or sandy loam prairies and old fields, and sandy oak and pine savannas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3683EDBFFA5FF874BEEF9F0FD6C6E1C" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCD6D50FFA5FF874BEEF9F0FD6C6E1C" blockId="29.[151,1436,361,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
<emphasis id="B906B142FFA5FF874BEEF9F0FDBF6F3C" bold="true" box="[199,603,1585,1610]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Distribution of studied specimens.</emphasis>
INDIANA Porter Co. Westchester Township. Sec. 29.
<date id="FFCC4B90FFA5FF874FE8F9F0FB296F3C" box="[1217,1229,1585,1610]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" value="1957-07-08">8</date>
-VII-1957, Sidney Hatfield #97 (FMNH); INDIANA Porter Co. Westchester Township Sec.100.
<date id="FFCC4B90FFA5FF874F2EF994FBC46F18" box="[1031,1056,1621,1646]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" value="1957-07-11">11</date>
-VII-1957, Sidney Hatfield #100 (FMNH); MASSACHUSETTS,
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFA5FF87493EF9B8FD946FE4" box="[535,624,1657,1682]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Norfolk</collectingCountry>
Co. Blue Hills Reservation
<date id="FFCC4B90FFA5FF8748F3F9B8FBAB6FE4" box="[986,1103,1657,1682]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" value="1919-09-05">5-IX-1919</date>
GC&amp;JN Wheeler (LACM, CASENT0172895); NEW
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFA5FF874AEFF95FFDCE6FC0" box="[454,554,1694,1718]" name="Jersey" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">JERSEY</collectingCountry>
Ocean Co. Dwarf Pine Plains S.P. Cover. Unburned site E. of Tr. 539
<date id="FFCC4B90FFA5FF874E6AF95CFA786FC0" box="[1347,1436,1693,1718]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" value="1986-12-05">5-12-86</date>
#758 (MCZ); NEW
<collectingCountry id="F3652DC0FFA5FF874A50F903FE396FAC" box="[377,477,1730,1754]" name="Jersey" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">JERSEY</collectingCountry>
Ocean Co. East Dwarf Pine Plains. S.P.Cover. Burned (1983) Site W. of Rt. 539
<date id="FFCC4B90FFA5FF874E76F900FF576F88" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" value="1986-05-13">5-13- 86</date>
#770.; NEW YORK Suffolk Co. Medford. Summer 1986 R. Sanwald (several collections, JCTC); NEW YORK Suffolk Co. Medford. Lab. Colony coll. Summer 1986 L. Goodloe (JCTC); NEW YORK Suffolk Co. Medford.
<date id="FFCC4B90FFA5FF874EA9F8CBFF2F6E30" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" value="1917-05">17 May</date>
, 1987, JC Trager, leg. (several collections, JCTC); NORTH DAKOTA #83 T144N R65W, sec. 7 Stutsman Co.
<date id="FFCC4B90FFA5FF874BBEF890FEC76E1C" box="[151,291,1873,1898]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" value="1959-08-01">1-VIII-1959</date>
, Delton D. Halverson (LACM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>