532 lines
94 KiB
XML
532 lines
94 KiB
XML
<document id="58BFB6896133F0D43A64B428370F779D" ID-CLB-Dataset="168313" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.840.1941" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6129e7b4-3989-478f-8494-65e0fda5194f" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7195216" ID-ZooBank="CE89365D-A3C5-483D-9C80-E5CAECCA740F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1665683179388" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Križanová, Františka Rataj & Vďačný, Peter" docDate="2022" docId="03D72F3EFF8EFF975098DC3628FFFEF1" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-840_1-93.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 840" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.840.1941" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis Križanová & Vďačný 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="0B0D89B0-6D24-4D99-A359-18C41CFA1BCE" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="40" masterDocId="FFEE5746FFAEFFBF5143DD3E2959FFB6" masterDocTitle="A huge undescribed diversity of the subgenus Hystricochaetonotus (Gastrotricha, Chaetonotidae, Chaetonotus) in Central Europe" masterLastPageNumber="93" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1699407395920" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="1F4B10C859474816095A86793392B7DC">A huge undescribed diversity of the subgenus Hystricochaetonotus (Gastrotricha, Chaetonotidae, Chaetonotus) in Central Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FEEF23C19B3EAA112F2381FEE42F22ED">Križanová, Františka Rataj</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D446F52ECECD28473238A40DD43D2D82">Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D3DE35FC1E8B4023A770655C3C69A747" type="email">krizanova66@uniba.sk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="37E4A1CFE5206D7CFD33F900B489D666">Vďačný, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7BCA45A99903DF67B245C7A2515FE831">Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1EB6EB66C97A8F1F0720959BFFC3738C" type="email">peter.vdacny@uniba.sk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="A99A8570999A8164B95149DCF7B19FB5">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="95435B76D967391DB0237C763E33CD21">
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<mods:date id="2765022F9F2FE8E54D0B2A60E17D892A">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D72F3EFF8EFF975098DC3628FFFEF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7221944" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203115300" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7221944" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0B0D89B0-6D24-4D99-A359-18C41CFA1BCE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D72F3EFF8EFF975098DC3628FFFEF1" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection id="C364CDA3FF8EFF9F5098DC362D00FE92" box="[475,1113,264,292]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8EFF9F5098DC362D00FE92" blockId="32.[360,1227,264,362]" box="[475,1113,264,292]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0892944FF8EFF9F5098DC362D00FE92" box="[475,1113,264,292]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7EE5ABFF8EFF9F5098DC362AAEFE95" ID-CoL="e936abd8-1199-43ff-8bdf-8db910b082a1" authority="Križanová & Vďačný, 2022" authorityName="Križanová & Vďačný" authorityYear="2022" box="[475,1015,264,291]" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="optabilis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Hystricochaetonotus">
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<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F5098DC362AAEFE95" bold="true" box="[475,1015,264,291]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F5098DC362B2DFE95" bold="true" box="[475,628,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Chaetonotus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F53C5DC362A26FE95" bold="true" box="[646,895,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hystricochaetonotus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F52D3DC362AAEFE95" bold="true" box="[912,1015,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">optabilis</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A239FF41FF8EFF9F52BDDC342D00FE92" box="[1022,1113,266,292]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C364CDA3FF8EFF9F502BDC122ABBFEDC" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8EFF9F502BDC122D92FEF1" blockId="32.[360,1227,264,362]" box="[360,1227,300,327]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<uri id="FFEF922AFF8EFF9F502BDC122D92FEF1" box="[360,1227,300,327]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFD8A4FDFF8EFF9F53CFDC122D92FEF1" box="[652,1227,300,327]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">0B0D89B0-6D24-4D99-A359-18C41CFA1BCE</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8EFF9F5311DC712ABBFEDC" blockId="32.[360,1227,264,362]" box="[594,994,335,362]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8EFF9F5311DC712B80FEDC" box="[594,729,335,362]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStartId-0="34.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionStartId-1="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionStartId-2="36.[189,231,1886,1912]" captionStartId-3="37.[189,231,1848,1874]" captionStartId-4="38.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox-0="[202,1386,268,1847]" captionTargetBox-1="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetBox-2="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetBox-3="[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetBox-4="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@34.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetId-1="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@36.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId-3="figure-12@37.[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetId-4="figure-17@38.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId-0="34" captionTargetPageId-1="35" captionTargetPageId-2="36" captionTargetPageId-3="37" captionTargetPageId-4="38" captionText-0="Fig. 18. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Dorsal overview showing the scale and spine pattern. B–C. Details showing the distribution of head and trunk scales. D–E. Head and trunk scales, the schematic drawing of the scale base is shown above that of spined scales. F. Lateral view of a trunk spined scale. G. Dorsal furcal scales. Scale bar = 30 µm." captionText-1="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." captionText-2="Fig. 20. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast.A. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Overview showing the general body organization. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands. B‒C. Surface views, showing the head and trunk scale patterns. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 µm; C = 10 µm." captionText-3="Fig. 21. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A–B, D. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Detail of the anterior body region. B. Ventral view of the head region. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands, arrows mark the cuticular structures of the hypostomium. C‒D. Details of the posterior body region, showing the ovaries and the organ X. Scale bars = 10 µm." captionText-4="Fig. 22. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A, D–F. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Scales in the ventral interciliary field. B. Trunk scales. C. Head scales. D‒E. Details of the ventral posterior body region. F. Oblong spined scales. Scale bars: A‒E = 5 µm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195266" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195272" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195276" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195278" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7195266/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7195272/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7195276/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7195278/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 18‒22</figureCitation>
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; Supp. file 1:
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<tableCitation id="C6FCAB93FF8EFF9F5239DC712ABBFEDC" box="[890,994,335,362]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="14.[184,254,670,698]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Table 4. Characterization of ITS2 molecules of seven new species of the subgenus Hystricochaetonotus Schwank, 1990." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF01CEA0FFA0FFB151FBDFA02F18FD0C" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" tableUuid="DF01CEA0FFA0FFB151FBDFA02F18FD0C">Table S4</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C364CDA3FF8EFF9F51FEDCAF2810F885" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8EFF9F51FEDCAF28A9FE1D" blockId="32.[189,496,401,427]" box="[189,496,401,427]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0892944FF8EFF9F51FEDCAF28A9FE1D" bold="true" box="[189,496,401,427]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F51FEDCAF28A9FE1D" bold="true" box="[189,496,401,427]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Morphological diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8EFF9F51FEDC812BE4FC70" blockId="32.[189,1399,447,967]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Body elongated and about 108‒143 µm long. Head slightly wider than neck, separated from trunk by an inconspicuous neck constriction. Cephalion clearly demarcated, epipleurae and hypopleurae not recognizable. Trunk comparatively narrow, not broader than head, widest at ca U63, narrowest at ca U88. Mouth ventral, no cuticular teeth. Hypostomium bears a rectangular cuticular structure accompanied by two posterior lateral lamellae. Pharynx with anterior and posterior dilatations. Intestine straight, with a marked anterior section. Scales slightly overlapping, distributed in 16–18 columns, 40–45 scales per column. Dorsal surface covered from posterior end of cephalion (ca U1) to furca base (U94) with (i) spined, three-lobed scales with rounded anterior end and (ii) spined, three-lobed scales with truncated anterior end. Spines short, narrowed posteriorly, without denticles. Ventral side carries two broad ciliary bands and two pairs of ciliary fields around mouth and hypostomium. Interciliary filed bears (i) V-shaped scales without keels, (ii) bowl-shaped scales without keels, (iii) obtriangular scales with very minute keels, and (iv) narrowly obovate, keeled scales. Furca base longer than adhesive tubes, lateral margins more or less straight, furcal indentation deeply V-shaped, adhesive tubes diverging posteriorly. Dorsal side of furca base and branches covered with three-lobed scales, ventral side with oblong, spined scales and oval to broadly fusiform, keeled scales.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8EFF9F51FEDED028E1FBB1" blockId="32.[189,440,1005,1032]" box="[189,440,1005,1032]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0892944FF8EFF9F51FEDED028E1FBB1" bold="true" box="[189,440,1005,1032]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F51FEDED028E1FBB1" bold="true" box="[189,440,1005,1032]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Molecular diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8EFF9F51FED92228A4F995" blockId="32.[189,1399,1052,1572]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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18S rRNA gene: 78 C, 148 T, 223 A, 225 A, 228 T, 235 A, 239 T, 240 T, 243 A, 264 A, 267 ‒, 282 T, 283 T, 286 A, 288 A, 336 T, 337 T, 338 C, 340 C, 345 A, 546 A, 639 A, 648 T, 649 A, 652 C, 656 T, 658 A, 664 T, 666 T, 676 A, 678 A, 681 T, 686 T, 688 A, 694 T, 714 T, 722 T, 733 A, 741 A, 1059 A, 1060 A, 1082 T, 1083 T, 1366 A, 1368 T, 1372 G, 1373 A, 1374 A, 1376 T, 1377 T, 1381 ‒, 1383 C, 1384 ‒, 1388 A, 1391 T, 1507 A, 1526 T, 1535 A, 1690 T, 1724 T, 1732 C, 1736 T. 28S rRNA gene: 275 A, 292 A, 309 T, 480 T, 485 T, 487 A, 489 ‒, 500 A, 504 A, 506 A, 520 C, 522 T, 543 A, 588 C, 589 C, 591 ‒, 599 T, 603 T, 608 A, 615 A, 628 C, 634 T, 645 A, 648 T, 652 T, 657 T, 661 A, 662 A, 688 T, 690 A, 698 A, 704 T, 706 A, 713 T, 722 A, 735 G, 742 T, 746 T, 764 A, 777 A, 784 T, 789 C, 791 A, 795 A, 798 A, 810 A, 813 T, 814 A, 819 A, 965 A, 966 C, 996 C. Cytochrome
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<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F55DFD8092DF0FAE6" box="[1180,1193,1335,1360]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">c</emphasis>
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oxidase subunit I (codon ordinal numbers are followed by the corresponding span of nucleotide positions in parentheses): 20 (58‒60) CTA, 32 (94‒96) AGT, 45 (133‒135) GTC, 49 (145‒147) GCT, 51 (151‒153) GTC, 55 (163‒165) TTC, 57 (169‒171) GTT, 69 (205‒207) CTA, 76 (226‒228) GCG, 77 (229‒231) CCA, 91 (271‒273) TTA, 101 (301‒303) GTG, 109 (325‒327) GCC, 111 (331‒333) ACA, 114 (340‒342) ACG, 133 (397‒399) GCT, 154 (460‒462) ACC, 156 (466‒468) TTA, 184 (550‒552) TTG, 186 (556‒558) TTA, 205 (613‒615) AGG.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8EFF9F51FEDB7428D9F91D" blockId="32.[189,1398,1610,1707]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Reference molecules are shown in Supp. file 1:
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<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8EFF9F539BDB742A74F9D2" box="[728,813,1610,1636]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1856,1882]" captionTargetBox="[190,1397,519,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-74@3.[189,1398,518,1818]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Sampling sites of nine new gastrotrich species discovered in Slovakia. A. One locality (STV) was situated in northern Slovakia, while five localities were concentrated in the capital city of Bratislava (marked by the red rectangle). B. Detail of the Bratislava district showing the localization of five sampling sites. Map tiles by ©Stamen Design, under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 3.0) license. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195222/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs S2</figureCitation>
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and S
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8EFF9F5231DB742ACBF9D2" box="[882,914,1610,1636]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1780,1806]" captionTargetBox="[257,1330,265,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-11@25.[257,1330,265,1741]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 14. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) mirabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A–B, E. Paratype (CU-FNS-25-10-19/PA-1). C–D, F–G. Paratype (CU-FNS-02-10-19/PA-2). A. Dorsal view showing the scale and spine pattern. B. Head scales. C. Neck and upper trunk dorsolateral scales. D. Terminal dorsal trunk scales with a lateral denticle (arrows). E. Ventral ciliary bands. White dashed lines mark upper-furcal scales. F. Lateral trunk scales. G. Dorsal trunk spines with a membrane. White double arrowheads mark the highly refractive bodies in the intestine. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B–F = 5 µm; G = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195254/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">14</figureCitation>
|
||
. All diagnostic molecular autapomorphies are marked by arrows. Reference alignments with corresponding nucleotide positions are in Supp. file 1: Alignments 1‒4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8EFF9F51FEDBEC2810F885" blockId="32.[189,1399,1746,1843]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
The
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F51B0DBED285BF95A" box="[243,258,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">p</emphasis>
|
||
-distance from species described in the present study is 4.00‒4.39% in 18S, 6.78‒9.79% in 28S, and 10.96‒13.59% in COI. There are 13‒16 CBCs in the 18S rRNA gene and 11‒18 CBCs in the 28S rRNA gene.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364CDA3FF8EFF9F51FEDA64280BF870" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8EFF9F51FEDA64281DF8C2" blockId="32.[189,324,1882,1908]" box="[189,324,1882,1908]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<heading id="D0892944FF8EFF9F51FEDA64281DF8C2" bold="true" box="[189,324,1882,1908]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F51FEDA64281DF8C2" bold="true" box="[189,324,1882,1908]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8EFF9F51FEDAB6280BF870" blockId="32.[189,1399,1928,1990]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
The Latin adjective ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F50F2DAB62B5DF814" box="[433,516,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">optabil</emphasis>
|
||
·
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F534DDAB72B7BF814" box="[526,546,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">is</emphasis>
|
||
, -
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F5379DAB72B17F814" box="[570,590,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">is</emphasis>
|
||
, -
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8EFF9F5326DAB72B2BF814" box="[613,626,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">e</emphasis>
|
||
’ [m, f, n] (‘desirable’) refers to the very elegant appearance of the new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364CDA3FF8FFF9E51FEDC362BF7FABA" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51FEDC3628F3FE94" blockId="33.[189,426,264,290]" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<heading id="D0892944FF8FFF9E51FEDC3628F3FE94" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8FFF9E51FEDC3628F3FE94" bold="true" box="[189,426,264,290]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51A9DC0928E2FE0D" blockId="33.[189,1399,311,443]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B169475FF8FFF9E51A9DC0928E2FE0D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3926158308" country="Slovakia" county="Podunajska" latitude="48.174835" location="temporary pond in the floodplain area of the River Morava" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="16.976612" municipality="Bratislava" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8FFF9E51A9DC092805FEE7" bold="true" box="[234,348,311,337]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF8FFF9E51A9DC092805FEE7" box="[234,348,311,337]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369DEB8FF8FFF9E51FEDC642817FEC2" box="[189,334,346,372]" name="Slovakia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">SLOVAKIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7855A1FF8FFF9E5032DC6428F5FEC2" box="[369,428,346,372]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="adult">adult</specimenCount>
|
||
(photomicrographs, hologenophore);
|
||
<location id="8EA1C8F3FF8FFF9E5238DC6528C1FE2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D72F3EFF8EFF975098DC3628FFFEF1:8EA1C8F3FF8FFF9E5238DC6528C1FE2E" country="Slovakia" county="Podunajska" latitude="48.174835" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="16.976612" municipality="Bratislava" name="temporary pond in the floodplain area of the River Morava" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">temporary pond in the floodplain area of the River Morava</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EA1C8F3FF8FFF9E50EBDC4028AAFE2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D72F3EFF8EFF975098DC3628FFFEF1:8EA1C8F3FF8FFF9E50EBDC4028AAFE2E" box="[424,499,382,408]" country="Slovakia" county="Podunajska" latitude="48.174835" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="16.976612" municipality="Bratislava" name="Devin" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Devín</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA50452FF8FFF9E5340DC432B24FE21" box="[515,637,381,407]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bratislava</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62A0E6A4FF8FFF9E53CEDC432A4DFE21" box="[653,788,381,407]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Podunajská</collectingCounty>
|
||
rovina plain;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4AF8EFFF8FFF9E5286DC422D2FFE2E" box="[965,1142,380,408]" degrees="48" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="1" seconds="29.4" value="48.174835">48°10′29.4″ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4AF8EFFF8FFF9E55C5DC422C6AFE2E" box="[1158,1331,380,408]" degrees="16" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="1" seconds="35.8" value="16.976612">16°58′35.8″ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; CU- FNS-
|
||
<date id="FFC0B8E8FF8FFF9E5041DC9E2826FE0D" box="[258,383,416,443]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2005-01-03" valueMax="2005-01-20" valueMin="2005-01-03">05-03-20-1</date>
|
||
/HO.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51FEDCDC2C33FDA9" blockId="33.[189,1399,482,544]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Photomicrographs of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF8FFF9E50A4DCDC2B17FE4A" box="[487,590,482,508]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
are available at the Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava at https://fns.uniba.sk/en/gastrotricha/. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF8FFF9E527ADF3B2AF9FDA9" box="[825,928,517,543]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E5577DF3B2D9DFDA9" box="[1076,1220,517,543]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,231,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 20. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast.A. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Overview showing the general body organization. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands. B‒C. Surface views, showing the head and trunk scale patterns. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 µm; C = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195272/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 20B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E558CDF3B2C5AFDA9" box="[1231,1283,517,543]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,231,1848,1874]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-12@37.[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 21. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A–B, D. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Detail of the anterior body region. B. Ventral view of the head region. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands, arrows mark the cuticular structures of the hypostomium. C‒D. Details of the posterior body region, showing the ovaries and the organ X. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195276/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">21C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E544CDF3B2C3FFDA9" box="[1295,1382,517,543]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@38.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 22. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A, D–F. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Scales in the ventral interciliary field. B. Trunk scales. C. Head scales. D‒E. Details of the ventral posterior body region. F. Oblong spined scales. Scale bars: A‒E = 5 µm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195278/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">22B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51A9DF792A1FFD1E" blockId="33.[189,1398,583,680]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B169475FF8FFF9E51A9DF792A1BFD1E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3926158316" country="Slovakia" county="Podunajska" latitude="48.174835" location="SLOVAKIA" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="16.976612" municipality="Bratislava" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8FFF9E51A9DF79283EFDD7" bold="true" box="[234,359,583,609]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF8FFF9E51A9DF79283EFDD7" box="[234,359,583,609]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369DEB8FF8FFF9E51FEDF542817FD32" box="[189,334,618,644]" name="Slovakia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">SLOVAKIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7855A1FF8FFF9E5025DF54289BFD32" box="[358,450,618,644]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="adult">2 adults</specimenCount>
|
||
(photomicrographs, both hologenophores); same collection data as for holotype; CU-FNS-
|
||
<date id="FFC0B8E8FF8FFF9E5075DFB328EDFD1E" box="[310,436,653,680]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2005-02-03" valueMax="2005-02-20" valueMin="2005-02-03">05-03-20-2</date>
|
||
/PA-1, CU-FNS-
|
||
<date id="FFC0B8E8FF8FFF9E533EDFB32BA0FD1E" box="[637,761,653,680]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2005-03-03" valueMax="2005-03-20" valueMin="2005-03-03">05-03-20-3</date>
|
||
/PA-2
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51FEDFF02871FC99" blockId="33.[189,1399,718,815]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Photomicrographs of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF8FFF9E5089DFF12B76FD5F" box="[458,559,719,745]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens are available at the Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava at https://fns.uniba.sk/en/gastrotricha/.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF8FFF9E52E6DFCC2D4EFCBA" box="[933,1047,754,780]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E55F8DFCC2C70FCBA" box="[1211,1321,754,780]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,231,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 20. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast.A. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Overview showing the general body organization. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands. B‒C. Surface views, showing the head and trunk scale patterns. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 µm; C = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195272/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 20A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E5476DFCC29AEFC99" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,231,1848,1874]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-12@37.[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 21. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A–B, D. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Detail of the anterior body region. B. Ventral view of the head region. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands, arrows mark the cuticular structures of the hypostomium. C‒D. Details of the posterior body region, showing the ovaries and the organ X. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195276/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">21A– B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E5040DE2B287DFC99" box="[259,292,789,815]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@38.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 22. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A, D–F. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Scales in the ventral interciliary field. B. Trunk scales. C. Head scales. D‒E. Details of the ventral posterior body region. F. Oblong spined scales. Scale bars: A‒E = 5 µm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195278/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">22</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51FEDE682835FCC6" blockId="33.[189,364,854,880]" box="[189,364,854,880]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<heading id="D0892944FF8FFF9E51FEDE682835FCC6" bold="true" box="[189,364,854,880]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8FFF9E51FEDE682835FCC6" bold="true" box="[189,364,854,880]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Type material</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51FEDEBB2DC4FC74" blockId="33.[189,1398,901,962]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
A DNA sample of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF8FFF9E508EDEBB2B6DFC29" box="[461,564,901,927]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen DB 34 has been deposited in the Natural History Museum, Vajanského nábrežie 2, 810 06 Bratislava,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369DEB8FF8FFF9E53F2DE962A41FC74" box="[689,792,936,962]" name="Slovakia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(ID Collection Code 01427607).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51FEDED42804FBB5" blockId="33.[189,349,1001,1028]" box="[189,349,1001,1028]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<heading id="D0892944FF8FFF9E51FEDED42804FBB5" bold="true" box="[189,349,1001,1028]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8FFF9E51FEDED42804FBB5" bold="true" box="[189,349,1001,1028]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Type locality</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51FED9262D1EFBE0" blockId="33.[189,1398,1048,1110]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Ephemeral pond in the floodplain area of the River Morava near the foothill of the Devín castle, Bratislava, Podunajská rovina plain,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369DEB8FF8FFF9E532ED9052B8EFBE3" box="[621,727,1083,1109]" name="Slovakia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4AF8EFFF8FFF9E53A1D9042AD7FBE0" box="[738,910,1082,1110]" degrees="48" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="1" seconds="29.4" value="48.174835">48°10′29.4″ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4AF8EFFF8FFF9E52D9D9042D1BFBE0" box="[922,1090,1082,1110]" degrees="16" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" precision="1" seconds="35.8" value="16.976612">16°58′35.8″ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51FED94228D8FB21" blockId="33.[189,385,1148,1175]" box="[189,385,1148,1175]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<heading id="D0892944FF8FFF9E51FED94228D8FB21" bold="true" box="[189,385,1148,1175]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8FFF9E51FED94228D8FB21" bold="true" box="[189,385,1148,1175]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Gene sequences</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51FED9952BF7FABA" blockId="33.[189,1399,1195,1292]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
The nuclear 18S and 28S rDNA sequences as well as the mitochondrial COI sequence of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF8FFF9E5453D9952C2EFB73" box="[1296,1399,1195,1221]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen DB 34 have been deposited in GenBank under the following accession numbers:
|
||
<accessionNumber id="942D03CBFF8FFF9E55ABD9F12C2BFB5F" box="[1256,1394,1231,1257]" httpUri="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OM421710" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="GenBank">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F06EDFF8FFF9E55ABD9F12C41FB5F" box="[1256,1304,1231,1257]" country="New Zealand" name="Otago Museum" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">OM</collectionCode>
|
||
421710
|
||
</accessionNumber>
|
||
,
|
||
<accessionNumber id="942D03CBFF8FFF9E51FED9CC2811FABA" box="[189,328,1266,1292]" httpUri="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OM421686" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="GenBank">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F06EDFF8FFF9E51FED9CC29B4FABA" box="[189,237,1266,1292]" country="New Zealand" name="Otago Museum" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">OM</collectionCode>
|
||
421686
|
||
</accessionNumber>
|
||
, and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="942D03CBFF8FFF9E50C6D9CF2B56FABA" box="[389,527,1265,1292]" httpUri="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OM424065" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="GenBank">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F06EDFF8FFF9E50C6D9CF28ECFABA" box="[389,437,1265,1292]" country="New Zealand" name="Otago Museum" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">OM</collectionCode>
|
||
424065
|
||
</accessionNumber>
|
||
, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364CDA3FF8FFF9751FED80D28FFFEF1" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51FED80D2817FAFB" blockId="33.[189,334,1331,1357]" box="[189,334,1331,1357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<heading id="D0892944FF8FFF9E51FED80D2817FAFB" bold="true" box="[189,334,1331,1357]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8FFF9E51FED80D2817FAFB" bold="true" box="[189,334,1331,1357]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9E51FED85C2BF1F96A" blockId="33.[189,1399,1378,1756]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
HABITUS.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EE5ABFF8FFF9E506CD85C2A1FFACA" authority="Križanová & Vďačný, 2022" authorityName="Križanová & Vďačný" authorityYear="2022" box="[303,838,1378,1404]" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="optabilis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Hystricochaetonotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8FFF9E506CD85C289AFACA" box="[303,451,1378,1404]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Chaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8FFF9E509BD85C2B92FACA" box="[472,715,1378,1404]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hystricochaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8FFF9E539CD85C2A1FFACA" box="[735,838,1378,1404]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">optabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A239FF41FF8FFF9E5213D85C2AF7FACA" box="[848,942,1378,1404]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is about 108–143 µm long and has a slender elongated body, with a head region slightly broader than the inconspicuous neck and a more or less bulbous trunk (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E50E3D8962B49FA74" box="[416,528,1448,1474]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,268,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-18@34.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 18. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Dorsal overview showing the scale and spine pattern. B–C. Details showing the distribution of head and trunk scales. D–E. Head and trunk scales, the schematic drawing of the scale base is shown above that of spined scales. F. Lateral view of a trunk spined scale. G. Dorsal furcal scales. Scale bar = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195266/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 18A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E5358D8962B29FA75" box="[539,624,1448,1475]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">19A, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E533FD8962BE9FA74" box="[636,688,1448,1474]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,231,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 20. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast.A. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Overview showing the general body organization. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands. B‒C. Surface views, showing the head and trunk scale patterns. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 µm; C = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195272/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">20A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body width is 18.8–21.7 µm at U10, 22.5–23.7 µm at U50, and 26.1–30.7 µm at U60. The head is relatively wide (11–15 µm at U6), with a plate-like, rounded cephalion. Epi- and hypopleurae are not recognizable. The neck (ca U12–U25) is only inconspicuously marked and smoothly continues to the trunk region. The trunk is about as narrow as the head, gradually dilating from approximately U38 to U63, where it reaches the maximum width. Then it gradually tapers towards U88, where the curved margins of the furca branches start to form. Dorsal sensory bristles were not observed. The furcal indentation is deeply V-shaped. The furca branches are set apart and diverge posteriorly. Well-developed adhesive tubes are approximately 9 µm long, they are straight and almost in parallel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E5067DBFC28CCF96A" box="[292,405,1730,1756]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,268,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-18@34.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 18. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Dorsal overview showing the scale and spine pattern. B–C. Details showing the distribution of head and trunk scales. D–E. Head and trunk scales, the schematic drawing of the scale base is shown above that of spined scales. F. Lateral view of a trunk spined scale. G. Dorsal furcal scales. Scale bar = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195266/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 18A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E50E2DBFC2B42F96A" box="[417,539,1730,1756]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">19A, D–E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E5364DBFC2B05F96A" box="[551,604,1730,1756]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,231,1848,1874]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-12@37.[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 21. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A–B, D. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Detail of the anterior body region. B. Ventral view of the head region. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands, arrows mark the cuticular structures of the hypostomium. C‒D. Details of the posterior body region, showing the ovaries and the organ X. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195276/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">21D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E532BDBFC2BC0F96A" box="[616,665,1730,1756]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@38.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 22. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A, D–F. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Scales in the ventral interciliary field. B. Trunk scales. C. Head scales. D‒E. Details of the ventral posterior body region. F. Oblong spined scales. Scale bars: A‒E = 5 µm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195278/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">22E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8FFF9851FEDA3A2B60FEDC" blockId="33.[189,1399,1795,1998]" lastBlockId="39.[189,1399,265,362]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
HEAD. The cephalion (U1) is rounded, clearly demarcated in the body outline, appears as a lens in the ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E501EDA1828B5F8F7" box="[349,492,1830,1857]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 19A, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E50B4DA182B72F8F6" box="[503,555,1830,1856]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,231,1848,1874]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-12@37.[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 21. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A–B, D. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Detail of the anterior body region. B. Ventral view of the head region. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands, arrows mark the cuticular structures of the hypostomium. C‒D. Details of the posterior body region, showing the ovaries and the organ X. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195276/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">21A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pairs of cephalic ciliary tufts emerge laterally at U4 and U6 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E5441DA182988F8D2" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 19A, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E51A3DA74284DF8D2" box="[224,276,1866,1892]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,231,1848,1874]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-12@37.[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 21. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A–B, D. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Detail of the anterior body region. B. Ventral view of the head region. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands, arrows mark the cuticular structures of the hypostomium. C‒D. Details of the posterior body region, showing the ovaries and the organ X. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195276/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">21A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The mouth ring is oval, 5.2–6.2 µm in the largest diameter, and is located subterminally at U2–U5. There are strong but short, rod-like reinforcements lining the walls of the mouth ring and inner delicate structures directed towards the center of the mouth ring. Inner cuticular teeth are not present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E5184DA8D2861F87B" box="[199,312,1971,1997]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,231,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 20. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast.A. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Overview showing the general body organization. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands. B‒C. Surface views, showing the head and trunk scale patterns. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 µm; C = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195272/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 20A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF8FFF9E5005DA8D2822F87B" box="[326,379,1971,1997]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,231,1848,1874]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-12@37.[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 21. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A–B, D. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Detail of the anterior body region. B. Ventral view of the head region. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands, arrows mark the cuticular structures of the hypostomium. C‒D. Details of the posterior body region, showing the ovaries and the organ X. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195276/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">21B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The hypostomium (ca U5–U9) has a complex morphology, i.e., bears a rectangular plate (5.0 ×2.9 µm) with a small central protuberance and two lamellae situated posterior to the plate. The lateral sides of the hypostomium are lined by a relatively wide pair of sensoric ciliary patches from U3 to U8 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF985079DC7128F3FEDF" box="[314,426,335,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF9850F5DC7128B2FEDF" box="[438,491,335,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,231,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 20. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast.A. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Overview showing the general body organization. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands. B‒C. Surface views, showing the head and trunk scale patterns. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 µm; C = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195272/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">20A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF9850B4DC712B70FEDF" box="[503,553,335,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,231,1848,1874]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-12@37.[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 21. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A–B, D. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Detail of the anterior body region. B. Ventral view of the head region. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands, arrows mark the cuticular structures of the hypostomium. C‒D. Details of the posterior body region, showing the ovaries and the organ X. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195276/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">21B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF01CEA0FF8CFF9D51FEDA602AF6F855" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195266" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7195266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195266/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" startId="34.[189,232,1886,1912]" targetBox="[202,1386,268,1847]" targetPageId="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8CFF9D51FEDA602AF6F855" blockId="34.[189,1399,1886,2019]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8CFF9D51FEDA602844F8CE" bold="true" box="[189,285,1886,1912]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 18.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EE5ABFF8CFF9D5065DA602A65F8CE" authority="Križanová & Vďačný, 2022" authorityName="Križanová & Vďačný" authorityYear="2022" box="[294,828,1886,1913]" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="optabilis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Hystricochaetonotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8CFF9D5065DA6028E3F8CE" box="[294,442,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Chaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8CFF9D508DDA602B98F8CE" box="[462,705,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Hystricochaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8CFF9D5396DA602A65F8CE" box="[725,828,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">optabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A239FF41FF8CFF9D5206DA612AFBF8CF" box="[837,930,1887,1913]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8CFF9D52EFDA602A98F8CE" bold="true" box="[940,961,1886,1912]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal overview showing the scale and spine pattern.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8CFF9D50D0DABC2893F82D" bold="true" box="[403,458,1921,1948]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B–C</emphasis>
|
||
. Details showing the distribution of head and trunk scales.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8CFF9D553EDABC2DEDF82A" bold="true" box="[1149,1204,1922,1948]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">D–E</emphasis>
|
||
. Head and trunk scales, the schematic drawing of the scale base is shown above that of spined scales.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8CFF9D55E1DA9B2DEDF809" bold="true" box="[1186,1204,1957,1983]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view of a trunk spined scale.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8CFF9D50F7DAF62892F854" bold="true" box="[436,459,1992,2018]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal furcal scales. Scale bar = 30 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF01CEA0FF8DFF9C51FEDA602D62F855" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" startId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" targetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" targetPageId="35">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8DFF9C51FEDA602D62F855" blockId="35.[189,1399,1886,2019]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C51FEDA602841F8CE" bold="true" box="[189,280,1886,1912]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 19.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EE5ABFF8DFF9C505DDA602A73F8CE" authority="Križanová & Vďačný, 2022" authorityName="Križanová & Vďačný" authorityYear="2022" box="[286,810,1886,1913]" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="optabilis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Hystricochaetonotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C505DDA6028EBF8CE" box="[286,434,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Chaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C5082DA602BEDF8CE" box="[449,692,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Hystricochaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C5380DA602A73F8CE" box="[707,810,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">optabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A239FF41FF8DFF9C526CDA612ADEF8CF" box="[815,903,1887,1913]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C52CFDA602AF8F8CE" bold="true" box="[908,929,1886,1912]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C5033DABC28DAF82A" bold="true" box="[368,387,1922,1948]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">B</emphasis>
|
||
. V-shaped scales without keels.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C5243DABF2A4CF82D" bold="true" box="[768,789,1921,1947]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Bowl-shaped scales without keels.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C5583DABC2D8CF82A" bold="true" box="[1216,1237,1922,1948]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Detail of the ventral posterior body region.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C5367DA9B2B61F809" bold="true" box="[548,568,1957,1983]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Internal morphology.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C520BDA9B2A00F809" bold="true" box="[840,857,1957,1983]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Narrowly obovate keeled scale.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C55A6DA9B2DA5F809" bold="true" box="[1253,1276,1957,1983]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Fusiform keeled scale.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8DFF9C5019DAF62828F854" bold="true" box="[346,369,1992,2018]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF01CEA0FF8AFF9B51FEDA602DE1F855" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195272" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7195272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195272/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" startId="36.[189,231,1886,1912]" targetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" targetPageId="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8AFF9B51FEDA602DE1F855" blockId="36.[189,1399,1886,2019]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8AFF9B51FEDA60284DF8CE" bold="true" box="[189,276,1886,1912]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 20.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EE5ABFF8AFF9B505ADA602A4EF8CE" authority="Križanová & Vďačný, 2022" authorityName="Križanová & Vďačný" authorityYear="2022" box="[281,791,1886,1913]" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="optabilis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Hystricochaetonotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8AFF9B505ADA6028F3F8CE" box="[281,426,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Chaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8AFF9B50FBDA602BFCF8CE" box="[440,677,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Hystricochaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8AFF9B53F0DA602A4EF8CE" box="[691,791,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">optabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A239FF41FF8AFF9B5258DA612A2AF8CF" box="[795,883,1887,1913]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, differential interference contrast.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8AFF9B55B2DA602C5FF8CE" bold="true" box="[1265,1286,1886,1912]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8AFF9B5359DABF2B08F82D" bold="true" box="[538,593,1921,1947]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B–C</emphasis>
|
||
. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8AFF9B5571DABF2D1EF82D" bold="true" box="[1074,1095,1921,1947]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Overview showing the general body organization. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8AFF9B55CADA9B2D99F809" bold="true" box="[1161,1216,1957,1983]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B‒C</emphasis>
|
||
. Surface views, showing the head and trunk scale patterns. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 µm; C = 10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF01CEA0FF8BFF9A51FEDA062A0DF856" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195276" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7195276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195276/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" startId="37.[189,231,1848,1874]" targetBox="[231,1356,265,1811]" targetPageId="37">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF8BFF9A51FEDA062A0DF856" blockId="37.[189,1399,1848,2016]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8BFF9A51FEDA062845F8E4" bold="true" box="[189,284,1848,1874]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 21.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EE5ABFF8BFF9A5064DA072A6AF8E5" authority="Križanová & Vďačný, 2022" authorityName="Križanová & Vďačný" authorityYear="2022" box="[295,819,1849,1875]" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="optabilis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Hystricochaetonotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8BFF9A5064DA0728E1F8E5" box="[295,440,1849,1875]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8BFF9A508EDA072BE3F8E5" box="[461,698,1849,1875]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Hystricochaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8BFF9A538CDA072A6AF8E5" box="[719,819,1849,1875]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">optabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A239FF41FF8BFF9A527CDA072AC7F8E5" box="[831,926,1849,1875]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, differential interference contrast.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8BFF9A547BDA06298BF8C0" bold="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">A–B, D</emphasis>
|
||
. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8BFF9A53FBDA622B94F8C0" bold="true" box="[696,717,1884,1910]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8BFF9A55E8DA622D99F8C0" bold="true" box="[1195,1216,1884,1910]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Detail of the anterior body region.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8BFF9A50F2DA41289CF82F" bold="true" box="[433,453,1919,1945]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral view of the head region. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands, arrows mark the cuticular structures of the hypostomium.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF8BFF9A52DADA9C2A8BF80A" bold="true" box="[921,978,1954,1980]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C‒D</emphasis>
|
||
. Details of the posterior body region, showing the ovaries and the organ X. Scale bars = 10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF01CEA0FF88FF9951FEDA602A85F855" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195278" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7195278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195278/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" startId="38.[189,232,1886,1912]" targetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" targetPageId="38">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF88FF9951FEDA602A85F855" blockId="38.[189,1399,1886,2019]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF88FF9951FEDA602846F8CE" bold="true" box="[189,287,1886,1912]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 22.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EE5ABFF88FF995068DA602A1CF8CE" authority="Križanová & Vďačný, 2022" authorityName="Križanová & Vďačný" authorityYear="2022" box="[299,837,1886,1913]" family="Chaetonotidae" genus="Chaetonotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chaetonotida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="optabilis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Hystricochaetonotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF88FF995068DA6028E6F8CE" box="[299,447,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Chaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF88FF995095DA602B90F8CE" box="[470,713,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Hystricochaetonotus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF88FF99539DDA602A1CF8CE" box="[734,837,1886,1912]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">optabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A239FF41FF88FF995212DA612AEAF8CF" box="[849,947,1887,1913]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, differential interference contrast.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF88FF995419DA6029ABF82A" bold="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">A, D–F</emphasis>
|
||
. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF88FF995383DABF2BAEF82D" bold="true" box="[704,759,1921,1947]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">B–C</emphasis>
|
||
. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF88FF9955FEDABF2D8BF82D" bold="true" box="[1213,1234,1921,1947]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Scales in the ventral interciliary field.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF88FF9950ABDA9B28A5F809" bold="true" box="[488,508,1957,1983]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Trunk scales.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF88FF9953F5DA9B2B90F809" bold="true" box="[694,713,1957,1983]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Head scales.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF88FF99523ADA9B2AE9F809" bold="true" box="[889,944,1957,1983]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">D‒E</emphasis>
|
||
. Details of the ventral posterior body region.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF88FF995054DAF62870F854" bold="true" box="[279,297,1992,2018]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Oblong spined scales. Scale bars: A‒E = 5 µm; F = 2 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF89FF9851FEDCAF2858FD17" blockId="39.[189,1399,401,673]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
INTERNAL MORPHOLOGY. The pharynx extends from ca U5 to U29, is 28.0–33.4 µm long and 7.3–7.8 µm wide, sinuous, and has marked anterior and posterior dilatations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF985294DC8A2D1CFE78" box="[983,1093,436,462]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 19E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The posterior dilatation (ca U20–U25) is larger than the anterior one (ca U7–U9) (Supp. file 1:
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FCAB93FF89FF985558DCE92DD0FE47" box="[1051,1161,471,497]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="14.[184,254,670,698]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Table 4. Characterization of ITS2 molecules of seven new species of the subgenus Hystricochaetonotus Schwank, 1990." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF01CEA0FFA0FFB151FBDFA02F18FD0C" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" tableUuid="DF01CEA0FFA0FFB151FBDFA02F18FD0C">Table S4</tableCitation>
|
||
). The intestine runs from U29 to U85 and has a separate, well-differentiated anterior section (U29–U33). Transversal bands connected to the base of dorsal scales are well recognizable (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF9852D4DF202D5AFD8E" box="[919,1027,542,568]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 19E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The adhesive gland (ca U85– U87) is placed right behind the terminal part of the intestine forming a short dichotomy at the subtle furca base. The organ X has a lemniscate shape and is situated ahead of adhesive glands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF985440DF5A2C28FDC8" box="[1283,1393,612,638]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 19E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF9851FEDFB929ADFD17" box="[189,244,647,673]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,231,1848,1874]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-12@37.[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 21. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A–B, D. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Detail of the anterior body region. B. Ventral view of the head region. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands, arrows mark the cuticular structures of the hypostomium. C‒D. Details of the posterior body region, showing the ovaries and the organ X. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195276/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">21D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF89FF9851FEDFF728ACFA8C" blockId="39.[189,1399,713,1338]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
SCALES. Almost the entire body is covered by slightly overlapping three-lobed scales that adhere to the basal cuticle layer along either all or most of their perimeter. Scales are distributed in 16–18 longitudinal rows, with 40–45 scales in the central row. Their size increases slightly in a posterior direction. Central dorsal and dorsolateral longitudinal rows of scales begin at the level of the anterior edge of the cephalion (ca U1), while lateral rows start at ca U6. They run almost along the whole body length (till U94). Ventrolateral rows commence at U23 due to the highly developed and wide anterior part of ciliary rows and terminate in the furcal region (at ca U91). Ventral rows start at U10, are staggered, and exhibit a horizontal zonation pattern. Given the shape of the anterior scale lobe, two main
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF89FF98552ADEFE2DFEFC6C" box="[1129,1191,960,986]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">types</typeStatus>
|
||
were recognized: (i) head and neck scales (U1–U30), with a rounded anterior lobe and comparatively short posterior lobes,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF89FF985049D9382840FBA9" box="[266,281,1030,1055]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">α</emphasis>
|
||
= 180–196°,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF89FF9850FFD9382892FB96" box="[444,459,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">β</emphasis>
|
||
= 47–68° (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF985313D93B2BBDFB96" box="[592,740,1029,1056]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,268,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-18@34.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 18. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Dorsal overview showing the scale and spine pattern. B–C. Details showing the distribution of head and trunk scales. D–E. Head and trunk scales, the schematic drawing of the scale base is shown above that of spined scales. F. Lateral view of a trunk spined scale. G. Dorsal furcal scales. Scale bar = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195266/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 18B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF9853B2D9382A7DFB96" box="[753,804,1030,1056]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,231,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 20. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast.A. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Overview showing the general body organization. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands. B‒C. Surface views, showing the head and trunk scale patterns. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 µm; C = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195272/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">20B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF985272D9382A3DFB96" box="[817,868,1030,1056]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@38.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 22. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A, D–F. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Scales in the ventral interciliary field. B. Trunk scales. C. Head scales. D‒E. Details of the ventral posterior body region. F. Oblong spined scales. Scale bars: A‒E = 5 µm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195278/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">22C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and (ii) trunk and dorsal furca scales (U31– U93), with a truncated anterior lobe and longer posterior lobes,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF89FF9852E7D9172AEAFBF4" box="[932,947,1065,1090]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">α</emphasis>
|
||
= 162–188°,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF89FF985511D9172D38FBF5" box="[1106,1121,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">β</emphasis>
|
||
= 58–85° (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF9855A0D9172C28FBF5" box="[1251,1393,1065,1091]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,268,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-18@34.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 18. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Dorsal overview showing the scale and spine pattern. B–C. Details showing the distribution of head and trunk scales. D–E. Head and trunk scales, the schematic drawing of the scale base is shown above that of spined scales. F. Lateral view of a trunk spined scale. G. Dorsal furcal scales. Scale bar = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195266/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 18C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF9851FED97229B6FBD0" box="[189,239,1100,1126]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@38.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 22. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A, D–F. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Scales in the ventral interciliary field. B. Trunk scales. C. Head scales. D‒E. Details of the ventral posterior body region. F. Oblong spined scales. Scale bars: A‒E = 5 µm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195278/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">22B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF89FF985004D97228DCFBD0" box="[327,389,1100,1126]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">types</typeStatus>
|
||
share an indistinct and continuous transition between the anterior and posterior lobes. Rounded structures (1.0–2.4 µm across) irregularly interspersed within
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF89FF9852B7D94E2D7EFB3C" box="[1012,1063,1136,1162]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 and 2 scales were observed along the whole dorsal side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF985357D9AC2BF1FB1A" box="[532,680,1170,1196]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,268,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-18@34.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 18. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Dorsal overview showing the scale and spine pattern. B–C. Details showing the distribution of head and trunk scales. D–E. Head and trunk scales, the schematic drawing of the scale base is shown above that of spined scales. F. Lateral view of a trunk spined scale. G. Dorsal furcal scales. Scale bar = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195266/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 18A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF9853F5D9AC2A57FB1A" box="[694,782,1170,1196]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,231,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 20. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast.A. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Overview showing the general body organization. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands. B‒C. Surface views, showing the head and trunk scale patterns. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 µm; C = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195272/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">20B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). As they were clearly recognizable only in a single specimen, we cannot exclude that these structures are artifacts. The V-shaped furcal indentation carries the fourth
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF89FF985079D9E72834FB45" box="[314,365,1241,1267]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of dorsal scales that are three-lobed and have a tongue-shaped anterior lobe, relatively narrow posterior lobes,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF89FF985098D9C328B3FAA0" box="[475,490,1277,1302]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">α</emphasis>
|
||
= 156–176°,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A423AFF89FF9853D2D9C22BF9FAA0" box="[657,672,1276,1302]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">β</emphasis>
|
||
= 56–80°, and a marked transition between the anterior and posterior lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF985038D82128BCFA8F" box="[379,485,1311,1337]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,268,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-18@34.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 18. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Dorsal overview showing the scale and spine pattern. B–C. Details showing the distribution of head and trunk scales. D–E. Head and trunk scales, the schematic drawing of the scale base is shown above that of spined scales. F. Lateral view of a trunk spined scale. G. Dorsal furcal scales. Scale bar = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195266/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 18G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF89FF9851FED85F2803F9B1" blockId="39.[189,1399,1376,1544]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
SPINES. Dorsal, dorsolateral, lateral, and ventrolateral scales bear simple, slightly curved spines that gradually narrow towards the distal end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF9853F6D8BA2A14FA28" box="[693,845,1412,1438]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[202,1386,268,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-18@34.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 18. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Dorsal overview showing the scale and spine pattern. B–C. Details showing the distribution of head and trunk scales. D–E. Head and trunk scales, the schematic drawing of the scale base is shown above that of spined scales. F. Lateral view of a trunk spined scale. G. Dorsal furcal scales. Scale bar = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195266/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 18D–G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF98521ED8BA2AC8FA28" box="[861,913,1412,1438]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,231,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 20. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast.A. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Overview showing the general body organization. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands. B‒C. Surface views, showing the head and trunk scale patterns. Scale bars: A = 30 µm; B = 5 µm; C = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195272/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">20A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The spine emerges rather close to the anterior margin of scales. Spines do not differentiate into various
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C5208AFF89FF9852B0D8992D6DFA77" box="[1011,1076,1447,1473]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, only their length slightly increases in a posterior direction (Supp. file 1:
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FCAB93FF89FF98539CD8F42A11FA52" box="[735,840,1482,1508]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="14.[184,254,670,698]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Table 4. Characterization of ITS2 molecules of seven new species of the subgenus Hystricochaetonotus Schwank, 1990." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF01CEA0FFA0FFB151FBDFA02F18FD0C" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" tableUuid="DF01CEA0FFA0FFB151FBDFA02F18FD0C">Table S4</tableCitation>
|
||
). A lateral denticle is not formed. Ventral scales are spineless.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC19E28FF89FF9751FEDB1128FFFEF1" blockId="39.[189,1399,1583,1996]" lastBlockId="40.[189,1398,265,327]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
VENTRAL CILIARY BANDS AND VENTRAL INTERCILIARY FIELD. Ciliary bands start at U10, where they are conspicuously broad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF9850FFDB6C2B75F9DA" box="[444,556,1618,1644]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF985375DB6C2B30F9DA" box="[566,617,1618,1644]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="37.[189,231,1848,1874]" captionTargetBox="[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-12@37.[231,1356,265,1811]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Fig. 21. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A–B, D. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Detail of the anterior body region. B. Ventral view of the head region. Asterisks mark the beginning of the ventral ciliary bands, arrows mark the cuticular structures of the hypostomium. C‒D. Details of the posterior body region, showing the ovaries and the organ X. Scale bars = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195276/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">21B</figureCitation>
|
||
, asterisks). However, they begin to narrow from U25 and terminate at U88. The ciliary bands are accompanied by two ventrolateral rows of three-lobed scales that extend from U22 to U91. They are 3.6–4.9× 2.6–3.6 µm in size and have an indistinct and continuous transition between the anterior and posterior lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF9853F1DB852A46F960" box="[690,799,1723,1750]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ventral interciliary field bears
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7855A1FF89FF985598DB852C0DF960" box="[1243,1364,1723,1750]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="generic" typeStatus="types">four types</specimenCount>
|
||
of horizontally distributed scales: (i) minute (0.7–0.9 ×0.8–1.2 µm), V-shaped, double-edged scales without keels (U10–U30) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF985342DA3C2B35F8AA" box="[513,620,1794,1820]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 19B</figureCitation>
|
||
); (ii) minute (0.8–1.1× 0.8–1.3 µm), bowl-shaped, double-edged scales without keels (U31–U36) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF985317DA1B2B99F889" box="[596,704,1829,1855]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 19C</figureCitation>
|
||
); (iii) small (1.3–2.0×1.0–1.5 µm), obtriangular, doubleedged scales with a minute keel (U38–U81) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF98539DDA762A08F8D4" box="[734,849,1864,1890]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 19D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF98521CDA762ACDF8D4" box="[863,916,1864,1890]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@38.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 22. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A, D–F. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Scales in the ventral interciliary field. B. Trunk scales. C. Head scales. D‒E. Details of the ventral posterior body region. F. Oblong spined scales. Scale bars: A‒E = 5 µm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195278/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">22A</figureCitation>
|
||
); and (iv) larger (1.7–3.4 ×1.0–1.5 µm), narrowly ovate, double-edged, keeled, and slightly overlapping scales arranged in three distinct rows (U82–U88) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF89FF985017DAB12884F81F" box="[340,477,1935,1961]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 19D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The furcal region (U87–U93) carries
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7855A1FF89FF9852E4DAB12D41F81F" box="[935,1048,1935,1961]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
of scales: (i) a pair of oblong, comparatively large (7.3–7.6× 2.4–2.6 µm), spined scales, with a broadly rounded posterior end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF86FF975186DC372803FE95" box="[197,346,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figs 19D, H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF86FF975025DC3728CCFE95" box="[358,405,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@38.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 22. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A, D–F. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Scales in the ventral interciliary field. B. Trunk scales. C. Head scales. D‒E. Details of the ventral posterior body region. F. Oblong spined scales. Scale bars: A‒E = 5 µm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195278/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">22F</figureCitation>
|
||
) and (ii) oval to broadly fusiform, rather small (1.0–4.1×1.0–1.8 µm), keeled scales (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF86FF975186DC122803FEF0" box="[197,346,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="35.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[196,1394,266,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-12@35.[190,1397,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Fig. 19. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov. A. Ventral overview showing the scale and ciliary pattern. B. V-shaped scales without keels. C. Bowl-shaped scales without keels. D. Detail of the ventral posterior body region. E. Internal morphology. F. Narrowly obovate keeled scale. G. Fusiform keeled scale. H. Oblong spined scale. Scale bars: A, E = 30 µm; D = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195270/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figs 19D, G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134582ADFF86FF975025DC1228CEFEF0" box="[358,407,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="38.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-17@38.[218,1370,265,1849]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Fig. 22. Chaetonotus (Hystricochaetonotus) optabilis sp. nov., differential interference contrast. A, D–F. Paratype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-3/PA-2). B–C. Holotype (CU-FNS-05-03-20-1/HO). A. Scales in the ventral interciliary field. B. Trunk scales. C. Head scales. D‒E. Details of the ventral posterior body region. F. Oblong spined scales. Scale bars: A‒E = 5 µm; F = 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7195278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7195278/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">22E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |