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<mods:title id="96C4C91061EAD96229CCD78FE09788F0">A revision of Coccothrinax, Hemithrinax, Leucothrinax, Thrinax, and Zombia (Arecaceae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA31F33FF50FBF1FD738C79" blockId="92.[136,1452,1095,1194]" box="[136,650,1095,1123]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FF50FBF1FD738C79" bold="true" box="[136,650,1095,1123]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
2.3.
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA31F33FF60FBF1FD7C8C79" ID-CoL="3KTG5" ID-ENA="292707" authority="Leon (1941: 380)" authorityName="Leon" authorityPageNumber="380" authorityYear="1941" box="[184,645,1095,1123]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FF60FBF1FE4F8C78" bold="true" box="[184,438,1096,1123]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Hemithrinax rivularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA31F33FE65FBFEFD7C8C79" author="Leon" box="[445,645,1095,1122]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="379 - 383" refId="ref62775" refString="Leon (1941) Contribucion al estudio de las palmas de Cuba. V. Memorias de la Sociedad Cubana de Historia Natural &quot; Felipe Poey &quot; 15: 379 - 383." type="journal article" year="1941">León (1941: 380)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3006547FFA31F33FD48FBF1FB0F8C79" box="[656,1270,1096,1123]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA31F33FD48FBF1FB0F8C79" blockId="92.[136,1452,1095,1194]" box="[656,1270,1096,1123]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA31F33FD48FBF1FC588C79" ID-CoL="56LWV" authority="(Leon)" baseAuthorityName="Leon" box="[656,929,1096,1122]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Thrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FD48FBF1FCB68C79" box="[656,847,1096,1122]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Thrinax rivularis</emphasis>
(León)
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA31F33FC7FFBF1FB0B8C79" author="Borhidi, A. &amp; Muniz, O." box="[935,1266,1096,1123]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="225 - 230" refId="ref61125" refString="Borhidi, A. &amp; Muniz, O. (1985) Adiciones al catalogo de las palmas de Cuba. Acta Botanica Hungarica 31: 225 - 230." type="journal article" year="1985">Borhidi &amp; Muñiz (1985: 226)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3006547FFA31F33FB23FBF1FF478CB1" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA31F33FB23FBF1FF478CB1" blockId="92.[136,1452,1095,1194]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<materialsCitation id="3B723C91FFA31F33FB23FBF1FF478CB1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4418891387" collectingDate="1941-07-23" collectionCode="HAC, BH" collectorName="Leon &amp; Clemente" country="United States of America" location="Arroyo de Centeno" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
Type:—
<collectingCountry id="F30D765CFFA31F33FA80FBF1FA518C79" box="[1368,1448,1096,1122]" name="Cuba" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">CUBA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectorName id="26EF531AFFA31F33FF50FBD5FF268C9D" box="[136,223,1132,1158]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Oriente</collectorName>
, oeste
<collectorName id="26EF531AFFA31F33FEF7FBD5FE718C9C" box="[303,392,1132,1159]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">de Moa</collectorName>
,
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Arroyo
<collectorName id="26EF531AFFA31F33FE36FBD5FD8B8C9D" box="[494,626,1132,1158]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">de Centeno</collectorName>
</location>
,
<date id="FFA4100CFFA31F33FDA7FBD5FCEF8C9D" box="[639,790,1132,1158]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1941-07-23">
<collectingDate id="EFE0E9E4FFA31F33FDA7FBD5FCEF8C9D" box="[639,790,1132,1158]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1941-07-23">23 July 1941</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FCFCFBD4FBC48C9D" box="[804,1085,1132,1159]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<collectorName id="26EF531AFFA31F33FCFCFBD4FCA58C9C" box="[804,860,1133,1159]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">León</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26EF531AFFA31F33FC5CFBD5FC178C9D" box="[900,1006,1132,1158]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Clemente</collectorName>
20426
</emphasis>
(
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<collectionCode id="ED0BAE09FFA31F33FB63FBD5FB078C9D" box="[1211,1278,1132,1158]" country="Cuba" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/cenz-te88" name="Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="Herbarium">HAC</collectionCode>
!, isotypes
<collectionCode id="ED0BAE09FFA31F33FAACFBD5FA5A8C9D" box="[1396,1443,1132,1158]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15518" name="L. H. Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="Herbarium">BH</collectionCode>
!,
<collectingCountry id="F30D765CFFA31F33FF50FB29FF4B8CB1" box="[136,178,1168,1194]" name="United States of America" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">US</collectingCountry>
!)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3006547FFA31F33FF50FB65FCFE8D22" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA31F33FF50FB65FCFE8D22" blockId="92.[136,1452,1244,1338]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA31F33FF50FB65FDCE8CEA" ID-CoL="3KTG6" authority="Leon (1941: 381)" authorityName="Leon" authorityPageNumber="381" authorityYear="1941" box="[136,567,1244,1266]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="savannarum">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FF50FB65FE878CE9" box="[136,382,1244,1266]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Hemithrinax savannarum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA31F33FE5CFB65FDCE8CEA" author="Leon" box="[388,567,1244,1265]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="379 - 383" refId="ref62775" refString="Leon (1941) Contribucion al estudio de las palmas de Cuba. V. Memorias de la Sociedad Cubana de Historia Natural &quot; Felipe Poey &quot; 15: 379 - 383." type="journal article" year="1941">León (1941: 381)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA31F33FD9EFB65FBFC8CEA" ID-CoL="7LSHL" authority="(Leon)" baseAuthorityName="Leon" box="[582,1029,1244,1266]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="rivularis" variety="savannarum">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FD9EFB65FCE18CEA" box="[582,792,1244,1265]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Hemithrinax rivularis</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FC9FFB64FC478CE9" box="[839,958,1245,1266]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">savannarum</emphasis>
(León)
</taxonomicName>
Muñiz in
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA31F33FBAEFB65FA518CEA" author="Muniz, O. &amp; Borhidi, A." box="[1142,1448,1244,1266]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="309 - 345" refId="ref63579" refString="Muniz, O. &amp; Borhidi, A. (1982) Catologo de las Palmas de Cuba. Acta Botanica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 28: 309 - 345." type="journal article" year="1982">Muñiz &amp; Borhidi (1982: 312)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA31F33FF65FAB9FDA98D0E" ID-CoL="5RT9G" authority="(Leon)" baseAuthorityName="Leon" box="[189,592,1280,1302]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Thrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="rivularis" variety="savannarum">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FF65FAB9FE9B8D0E" box="[189,354,1280,1301]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Thrinax rivularis</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FE49FAB8FDF18D0D" box="[401,520,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">savannarum</emphasis>
(León)
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA31F33FD80FAB9FC798D0D" author="Borhidi, A. &amp; Muniz, O." box="[600,896,1280,1302]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="225 - 230" refId="ref61125" refString="Borhidi, A. &amp; Muniz, O. (1985) Adiciones al catalogo de las palmas de Cuba. Acta Botanica Hungarica 31: 225 - 230." type="journal article" year="1985">Borhidi &amp; Muñiz (1985: 226)</bibRefCitation>
.Type:—
<collectingCountry id="F30D765CFFA31F33FC0BFAB9FBE08D0D" box="[979,1049,1280,1302]" name="Cuba" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">CUBA</collectingCountry>
. Oriente, Moa, sabana de aeropuerto,
<date id="FFA4100CFFA31F33FA4BFAB9FEE48D22" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1941-07-21">21 July 1941</date>
,
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FEFFFA9DFE608D22" box="[295,409,1316,1337]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">León 20101</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54A1886EFFA31F33FE7EFA9DFE058D21" box="[422,508,1316,1338]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
HAC!, isotypes BH!,
<collectingCountry id="F30D765CFFA31F33FD0AFA9DFD018D22" box="[722,760,1316,1337]" name="United States of America" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">US</collectingCountry>
!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3006547FFA31F33FF50FAD1FE928E65" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA31F33FF50FAD1FE928E65" blockId="92.[136,1452,1384,1987]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FF50FAD1FF298D99" bold="true" box="[136,208,1384,1410]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Stems</emphasis>
1.0 m long and
<quantity id="4CE29B29FFA31F33FE53FAD1FE218D98" box="[395,472,1384,1411]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="cm" value="8.3">8.3 cm</quantity>
diameter.
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FD88FAD1FD508D99" bold="true" box="[592,681,1384,1410]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Leaf sh</emphasis>
eath fibers
<quantity id="4CE29B29FFA31F33FCF0FAD1FC498D98" box="[808,944,1384,1411]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.7">0.70.8 mm</quantity>
diameter wiry, separating into curled, multi-fiber strands; petioles 15.7(14.416.3) mm diameter just below the apex; palmans 35.0(26.547.0) cm long; segments 41(3942) per leaf, the middle ones 65.6(57.077.0) cm long and 4.4(3.65.6) cm wide; middle leaf segment apices attenuate; leaf segments without or with well-developed transverse veinlets.
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FC28FA6DFB608DF5" bold="true" box="[1008,1177,1492,1518]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Inflorescences</emphasis>
erect amongst or above the leaves with few to numerous partial inflorescences; rachis bracts tubular, closely sheathing, membranous, brown tomentose; partial inflorescences 5(36); proximalmost rachillae straight, 7.8(5.512.0) cm long and 1.2(0.91.4) mm diameter in fruit; stamens 6; fruit pedicels
<quantity id="4CE29B29FFA31F33FDB8F9F9FD1F8E40" box="[608,742,1600,1627]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" unit="mm" value="0.15" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.1">0.10.2 mm</quantity>
long;
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FCF4F9F9FC948E41" bold="true" box="[812,877,1600,1626]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">fruits</emphasis>
14.2(14.014.3) mm long and 13.4(13.013.8) mm diameter, yellowish.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3006547FFA31F33FF65F931FE2D8EDD" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA31F33FF65F931FE2D8EDD" blockId="92.[136,1452,1384,1987]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FF65F931FDFC8EB9" bold="true" box="[189,517,1672,1698]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Distribution and habitat:—</emphasis>
Eastern
<collectingCountry id="F30D765CFFA31F33FDB8F931FD628EB9" box="[608,667,1672,1698]" name="Cuba" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49DEF82EFFA31F33FD71F931FCF18EB9" box="[681,776,1672,1698]" country="Cuba" name="Holguin" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Holguín</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="13212A49FFA31F33FCC7F931FC898EB9" box="[799,880,1672,1698]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="92.[136,229,1028,1050]" captionTargetBox="[155,1429,361,998]" captionTargetId="figure-82@92.[150,1434,356,1003]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURE 20. Distribution of Hemithrinax ekmaniana, H. compacta, and H. rivularis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8389429" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8389429/files/figure.png" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
) in wet savannas or pine woods on serpentine soils at 350(300400) m elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3006547FFA31F33FF65F969FF328FD8" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA31F33FF65F969FBB18F61" blockId="92.[136,1452,1384,1987]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FF65F969FE508EF1" bold="true" box="[189,425,1744,1770]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Taxonomic notes:—</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA31F33FE71F969FDCB8EF1" author="Leon" box="[425,562,1744,1770]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="379 - 383" refId="ref62775" refString="Leon (1941) Contribucion al estudio de las palmas de Cuba. V. Memorias de la Sociedad Cubana de Historia Natural &quot; Felipe Poey &quot; 15: 379 - 383." type="journal article" year="1941">
<collectingRegion id="49DEF82EFFA31F33FE71F969FE1A8EF1" box="[425,483,1744,1770]" country="Nicaragua" name="Leon" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">León</collectingRegion>
(1941)
</bibRefCitation>
recognized two species,
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA31F33FC9AF969FBCC8EF1" box="[834,1077,1744,1770]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FC9AF969FBCC8EF1" box="[834,1077,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Hemithrinax rivularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA31F33FBBFF968FAE88EF1" box="[1127,1297,1745,1770]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="savannarum">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FBBFF968FAE88EF1" box="[1127,1297,1745,1770]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">H. savannarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA31F33FAC6F969FF118F15" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FAC6F969FF118F15" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Hemithrinax rivularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was said to differ by its larger stems, longer petioles, subglobose fruits, and details of the seeds.
<collectingRegion id="49DEF82EFFA31F33FAF4F94DFA9F8F15" box="[1324,1382,1780,1806]" country="Nicaragua" name="Leon" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">León</collectingRegion>
noted that
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA31F33FF63F8A0FEC68F29" box="[187,319,1816,1842]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rivularis">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FF63F8A0FEC68F29" box="[187,319,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">H. rivularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurred in wooded areas and
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D4FFFA31F33FD70F8A0FCAF8F29" box="[680,854,1817,1842]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Hemithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="savannarum">
<emphasis id="B96EEADEFFA31F33FD70F8A0FCAF8F29" box="[680,854,1817,1842]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">H. savannarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in more open, savanna areas. The two species were recognized at the varietal level by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B3DFFA31F33FDCDF885FCCB8F4D" author="Muniz, O. &amp; Borhidi, A." box="[533,818,1852,1878]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="309 - 345" refId="ref63579" refString="Muniz, O. &amp; Borhidi, A. (1982) Catologo de las Palmas de Cuba. Acta Botanica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 28: 309 - 345." type="journal article" year="1982">Muñiz &amp; Borhidi (1982)</bibRefCitation>
. The two varieties are not recognized here. There is no geographic separation between the two, and too few specimens to test for differences.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA536CCFFA31F33FF65F83DFF328FD8" blockId="92.[136,1452,1384,1987]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Leaf segments are scored as with or without or with poorly developed transverse veinlets but this is difficult to score.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>