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<document id="AACFCEC5B1EBB0BE26513B788CD76FBC" ID-CLB-Dataset="225935" ID-DOI="10.37520/fi.2022.018" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8a9921a2-cb75-4fef-9802-eb3edb0d6399" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522648" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1673381835954" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Naugolnykh, Serge V. &amp; Mogutcheva, Nina K." docDate="2022" docId="03894B40FFB1FFB6FF26FCA8FEA78A52" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.78.2.432-444.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 78 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.018" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.4:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="437" masterDocId="FFB03338FFB2FFBEFFADFFA1FFD08E18" masterDocTitle="Taimyria Gen. Nov., A New Genus Of Evolutionary Advanced Gymnosperms From Triassic Of The Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia, Russia" masterLastPageNumber="444" masterPageNumber="432" pageNumber="435" updateTime="1699473698822" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="A49AF316C047C40CC24D9C3363C4620E">Taimyria Gen. Nov., A New Genus Of Evolutionary Advanced Gymnosperms From Triassic Of The Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia, Russia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D910732B716E8116D425DD0E89BDF92A">Naugolnykh, Serge V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6F29A90C6BC06A0261C60CF690A377B6">Mogutcheva, Nina K.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03894B40FFB1FFB6FF26FCA8FEA78A52" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7541197" ID-GBIF-Taxon="208973640" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7541197" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03894B40FFB1FFB6FF26FCA8FEA78A52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03894B40FFB1FFB6FF26FCA8FEA78A52" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="437" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
<subSubSection id="C33AA9DDFFB1FFBDFF26FCA8FD258D39" box="[139,757,777,801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF26FCA8FD258D39" blockId="3.[139,757,777,801]" box="[139,757,777,801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
<heading id="D0D74D3AFFB1FFBDFF26FCA8FD258D39" box="[139,757,777,801]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB1FFBDFF26FCA8FD258D39" bold="true" box="[139,757,777,801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
<taxonomicName id="4C2081D5FFB1FFBDFF26FCA8FD498D07" authority="NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA" authorityName="NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA" authorityYear="2022" box="[139,665,777,801]" class="Bivalvia" family="Angaropeltaceae" genus="Taimyria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Peltaspermales" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="triassica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB1FFBDFF26FCA8FE808D39" bold="true" box="[139,336,777,801]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Taimyria triassica</emphasis>
NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2679B3FFFB1FFBDFD0DFCA8FD258D39" box="[672,757,777,801]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33AA9DDFFB1FFBDFEDEFC88FDDD8D59" box="[371,525,809,833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFEDEFC88FDDD8D59" blockId="3.[371,525,809,833]" box="[371,525,809,833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFEDEFC88FDDD8D59" box="[371,525,809,833]" captionStart-0="Text-fig" captionStart-1="Text-fig" captionStart-2="Text-fig" captionStart-3="Text-fig" captionStart-4="Text-fig" captionStart-5="Text-fig" captionStart-6="Text-fig" captionStart-7="Text-fig" captionStart-8="Text-fig" captionStart-9="Text-fig" captionStartId-0="2.[106,187,1040,1061]" captionStartId-1="4.[125,206,1830,1851]" captionStartId-2="5.[147,225,1668,1689]" captionStartId-3="6.[123,204,1846,1867]" captionStartId-4="7.[147,228,1791,1812]" captionStartId-5="8.[106,187,798,819]" captionStartId-6="9.[146,227,1711,1732]" captionStartId-7="10.[106,187,719,740]" captionStartId-8="10.[125,209,2048,2069]" captionStartId-9="11.[129,210,1104,1125]" captionTargetBox-0="[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetBox-1="[134,1440,151,1814]" captionTargetBox-2="[150,1462,154,1652]" captionTargetBox-3="[125,1440,152,1828]" captionTargetBox-4="[147,1463,151,1775]" captionTargetBox-5="[107,740,151,782]" captionTargetBox-6="[146,1464,153,1695]" captionTargetBox-7="[118,735,156,693]" captionTargetBox-8="[126,1437,1634,2020]" captionTargetBox-9="[147,724,154,1075]" captionTargetId-0="figure-788@2.[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetId-1="figure-60@4.[132,1416,151,1817]" captionTargetId-2="figure-129@5.[147,1459,127,1670]" captionTargetId-3="figure-3@6.[93,1468,130,1849]" captionTargetId-4="figure-3@7.[81,1533,66,1859]" captionTargetId-5="figure-815@8.[65,787,115,825]" captionTargetId-6="figure-85@9.[117,1480,121,1724]" captionTargetId-7="figure-466@10.[87,767,117,736]" captionTargetId-8="figure-539@10.[57,928,1611,2408]" captionTargetId-9="figure-575@11.[129,764,141,1088]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionTargetPageId-4="7" captionTargetPageId-5="8" captionTargetPageId-6="9" captionTargetPageId-7="10" captionTargetPageId-8="10" captionTargetPageId-9="11" captionText-0="Text-fig. 2. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., a – holotype 4287/6. Lateral female cones marked by orange arrows; main axis bearing lateral cones marked “Ax”. Scale bar 1 cm." captionText-1="Text-fig. 3. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: morphology of female cone; b: position of seed-bearing discs forming parastichous lines; c: seed scar structure. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." captionText-2="Text-fig. 4. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: line drawing explaining female cone morphology after holotype; b: suggested reconstruction showing arrangement and vascularization of seed-bearing discs (left), and section through seed-bearing discs exhibiting seed attachment and marginal limb structure (right); c: seed scar structure (after Textfig. 3c), 1 – subepidermal and epidermal tissues under the cuticle, 2 – coaly tissues of mesophyll. Oval form at seed scar center is possible exit of conducting strand. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." captionText-3="Text-fig. 5. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a–d: epidermal-cuticular structure of upper surface of seed-bearing capsule. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 100 µm (a, c, d), 50 µm (b)." captionText-4="Text-fig. 6. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Epidermal-cuticular structure of upper surface of seed-bearing capsule. a–c, e–g: cuticles of upper surface of seed-bearing capsule, b – detail of (a), notice small white spot at picture center, which could be interpreted as scar of small monocellular trichome; d: conducting strand going to seed scar. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 200 µm (a, c, d, g), 100 µm (e, f)." captionText-5="Text-fig. 7. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Line drawing of epidermal cuticle of upper surface of seed-bearing disc showing stoma. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 100 µm." captionText-6="Text-fig. 8. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Structure of seed extracted from seedbearing capsule. a, b: general morphology; c–e: detailed cellular structure. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 mm (a, b; same scale for both figures), 100 µm (c–e)." captionText-7="Text-fig. 9. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Structure of seed extracted from seed-bearing capsule. a: general morphology; b, c: detailed cellular structure. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 mm (a), 100 µm (b, c)." captionText-8="Text-fig.10. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a–f: seeds extracted from seed-bearing capsule. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm." captionText-9="Text-fig. 11. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov. Suggested reconstruction of fertile shoot. Scale bar 1 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522652" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522656" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522658" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522660" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522662" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522664" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522666" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522668" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522670" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522672" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7522652/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7522656/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7522658/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7522660/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7522662/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7522664/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7522666/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/7522668/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/7522670/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/7522672/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-figs 2–11</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33AA9DDFFB1FFBDFF0BFCF8FEC18D89" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF0BFCF8FEC18D89" blockId="3.[129,767,857,913]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
H o l o t y p e. 4287/6,
<typeStatus id="549B44F4FFB1FFBDFE0AFCF8FDD48D69" box="[423,516,857,881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
figured here in Textfigs 2a, 3–10.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33AA9DDFFB1FFBDFF0BFC08FED98DF9" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF0BFC08FD2D8DD8" blockId="3.[129,765,936,993]" box="[166,765,936,961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">P l a n t F o s s i l N a m e s R e g i s t r y N u m b e r.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF2CFC68FED98DF9" blockId="3.[129,765,936,993]" box="[129,265,969,993]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">PFN003027.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33AA9DDFFB1FFBDFF0BFC59FDFD8AE8" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF0BFC59FE288A28" blockId="3.[129,768,1016,1137]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
<materialsCitation id="3B48F00BFFB1FFBDFF0BFC59FE248A28" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4015514301" collectionCode="R" country="Russia" location="Monographic Department" municipality="State Darwin Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Moscow">
<collectionCode id="ED316293FFB1FFBDFF0BFC59FF688A17" box="[166,184,1016,1039]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">R</collectionCode>
e p o s i t o r y.
<location id="8EFFAC8DFFB1FFBDFEF2FC59FDA68A17" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03894B40FFB1FFB6FF26FCA8FEA78A52:8EFFAC8DFFB1FFBDFEF2FC59FDA68A17" box="[351,630,1016,1040]" country="Russia" municipality="State Darwin Museum" name="Monographic Department" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" stateProvince="Moscow">Monographic Department</location>
of the
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB602CFFB1FFBDFD67FC59FEE78A28" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">State Darwin Museum</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E434B4FFB1FFBDFEEFFBB8FE4F8A28" box="[322,415,1049,1072]" country="Russia" name="Moscow" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Moscow</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F337BAC6FFB1FFBDFE04FBB9FE248A28" box="[425,500,1048,1072]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Russia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF0BFB99FCD08A69" blockId="3.[129,768,1016,1137]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
During the study, the collection was kept in the Geological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences (
<collectingRegion id="49E434B4FFB1FFBDFDECFBF8FD4F8A69" box="[577,671,1113,1137]" country="Russia" name="Moscow" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Moscow</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F337BAC6FFB1FFBDFD04FBF8FD258A69" box="[681,757,1113,1137]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Russia</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF0BFB29FD658AB8" blockId="3.[166,693,1160,1184]" box="[166,693,1160,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s. From Triassic period.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF0BFB19FDFD8AE8" blockId="3.[129,767,1207,1264]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
Ty p e l o c a l i t y. The Tsvetkov Cape locality, Taimyr, Siberia,
<collectingCountry id="F337BAC6FFB1FFBDFF74FB79FEF48AE8" box="[217,292,1240,1264]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Russia</collectingCountry>
; Lower Triassic, Induan.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33AA9DDFFB1FFBDFF0BFAA6FD908B07" box="[166,576,1287,1311]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF0BFAA6FD908B07" blockId="3.[166,576,1287,1311]" box="[166,576,1287,1311]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">D i a g n o s i s. Same as for the genus.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33AA9DDFFB1FFB6FF0BFA96FEA78A52" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="440" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF0BFA96FE0188E9" blockId="3.[128,768,1334,2100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
D e s c r i p t i o n.
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB1FFBDFED8FA97FD808B56" bold="true" box="[373,592,1334,1358]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Macromorphology.</emphasis>
The specimen studied is represented by four megastrobili (marked by arrows on
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFF54FAD6FEBD8B97" box="[249,365,1399,1423]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="2.[106,187,1040,1061]" captionTargetBox="[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetId="figure-788@2.[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Text-fig. 2. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., a – holotype 4287/6. Lateral female cones marked by orange arrows; main axis bearing lateral cones marked “Ax”. Scale bar 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522652/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-fig. 2</figureCitation>
) preserved on one bedding surface. There is a thick axis on one side of the specimen (Ax in
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFF2DFA16FF218BD7" box="[128,241,1463,1487]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="2.[106,187,1040,1061]" captionTargetBox="[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetId="figure-788@2.[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Text-fig. 2. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., a – holotype 4287/6. Lateral female cones marked by orange arrows; main axis bearing lateral cones marked “Ax”. Scale bar 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522652/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-fig. 2</figureCitation>
). The four megastrobili are located on both lateral side of the Ax axis, with two on each side. Therefore, one can suppose that the megastrobili were arranged on a fertile branch in pinnate order, or forming a pinnate frond-like structure. Two megastrobili are preserved almost completely. Since the actual attachment of the megastrobili to the same branch (Ax) is not clearly visible, only one of the strobili is selected as a
<typeStatus id="549B44F4FFB1FFBDFE9FF938FE5F88A9" box="[306,399,1689,1713]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFE0CF938FDF488A9" box="[417,548,1689,1713]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="2.[106,187,1040,1061]" captionTargetBox="[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetId="figure-788@2.[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Text-fig. 2. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., a – holotype 4287/6. Lateral female cones marked by orange arrows; main axis bearing lateral cones marked “Ax”. Scale bar 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522652/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-fig. 2a</figureCitation>
). Two other strobili preserved on the other side of the branch are not complete and show their basal parts only.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF0BF95BFDFE89AB" blockId="3.[128,768,1334,2100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
The most well-preserved strobilus (
<typeStatus id="549B44F4FFB1FFBDFD8EF95BFD54890A" box="[547,644,1786,1810]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) is of more or less cylindrical shape (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFE30F8BBFDF0892A" box="[413,544,1818,1842]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="2.[106,187,1040,1061]" captionTargetBox="[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetId="figure-788@2.[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Text-fig. 2. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., a – holotype 4287/6. Lateral female cones marked by orange arrows; main axis bearing lateral cones marked “Ax”. Scale bar 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522652/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-fig. 2a</figureCitation>
). It is about
<quantity id="4CD857B3FFB1FFBDFD1CF8BBFD2F8929" box="[689,767,1818,1842]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" unit="mm" value="61.0">61 mm</quantity>
long and
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wide. The base of the strobilus is not visible. Second strobilus, which is also preserved almost completely, is very similar to the
<typeStatus id="549B44F4FFB1FFBDFE54F8DAFD89898B" box="[505,601,1915,1939]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, but somewhat narrower,
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long and
<quantity id="4CD857B3FFB1FFBDFE0FF83AFE3C89AA" box="[418,492,1947,1971]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFF0BF81AFC0E8F28" blockId="3.[128,768,1334,2100]" lastBlockId="3.[843,1482,152,2100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
Each strobilus consists of densely arranged seed-bearing megasporangiate discs attached to the common axis in spiral order and forming well-pronounced parastichy (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFD32F85DFF68862C" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="4.[125,206,1830,1851]" captionTargetBox="[134,1440,151,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-60@4.[132,1416,151,1817]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Text-fig. 3. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: morphology of female cone; b: position of seed-bearing discs forming parastichous lines; c: seed scar structure. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522656" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522656/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-figs 3a, b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFF68F7BDFF2E862C" box="[197,254,2076,2100]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="5.[147,225,1668,1689]" captionTargetBox="[150,1462,154,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-129@5.[147,1459,127,1670]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: line drawing explaining female cone morphology after holotype; b: suggested reconstruction showing arrangement and vascularization of seed-bearing discs (left), and section through seed-bearing discs exhibiting seed attachment and marginal limb structure (right); c: seed scar structure (after Textfig. 3c), 1 – subepidermal and epidermal tissues under the cuticle, 2 – coaly tissues of mesophyll. Oval form at seed scar center is possible exit of conducting strand. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522658/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">4a, b</figureCitation>
). Each observed parastichus on one side of the strobilus has three seed-bearing discs. Thus, one complete cycle should include six discs. The
<typeStatus id="549B44F4FFB1FFBDFB47FF19FA978EC8" box="[1258,1351,184,208]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
has eleven parastichy. The second, narrower megastrobilus has fourteen parastichy. Thus, each strobilus has more than seventy seedbearing discs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFCDCFE99FB678FA8" blockId="3.[843,1482,152,2100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
The possible fertile branch axis near the basal parts of the strobili is
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wide and
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long at visible part (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFCFFFED9FC158F88" box="[850,965,376,400]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="2.[106,187,1040,1061]" captionTargetBox="[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetId="figure-788@2.[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Text-fig. 2. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., a – holotype 4287/6. Lateral female cones marked by orange arrows; main axis bearing lateral cones marked “Ax”. Scale bar 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522652/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-fig. 2</figureCitation>
, Ax). The surface of the axis is covered by very fine longitudinal ribs and furrows.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFCDCFE19FAFD8D49" blockId="3.[843,1482,152,2100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
The seed-bearing discs are distinctly asymmetrical, ca. 5 ×
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in dimensions (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFB39FE79FAC98FE9" box="[1172,1305,472,497]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="2.[106,187,1040,1061]" captionTargetBox="[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetId="figure-788@2.[106,741,151,1024]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Text-fig. 2. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., a – holotype 4287/6. Lateral female cones marked by orange arrows; main axis bearing lateral cones marked “Ax”. Scale bar 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522652/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-figs 2a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFA8AFE78FA938FE9" box="[1319,1347,473,497]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="4.[125,206,1830,1851]" captionTargetBox="[134,1440,151,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-60@4.[132,1416,151,1817]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Text-fig. 3. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: morphology of female cone; b: position of seed-bearing discs forming parastichous lines; c: seed scar structure. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522656" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522656/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">3a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFAFCFE78FA5A8FE8" box="[1361,1418,472,497]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="5.[147,225,1668,1689]" captionTargetBox="[150,1462,154,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-129@5.[147,1459,127,1670]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: line drawing explaining female cone morphology after holotype; b: suggested reconstruction showing arrangement and vascularization of seed-bearing discs (left), and section through seed-bearing discs exhibiting seed attachment and marginal limb structure (right); c: seed scar structure (after Textfig. 3c), 1 – subepidermal and epidermal tissues under the cuticle, 2 – coaly tissues of mesophyll. Oval form at seed scar center is possible exit of conducting strand. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522658/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">4a, b</figureCitation>
). The long axes of the disc shields are oriented horizontally, and perpendicular to the main axis of the strobilus. This feature makes the present fossil different in comparison with other similar peltasperm female reproductive organs. The functionally upper or abaxial surface of the seed-bearing disc is smooth or slightly folded. Peripheries of the discs are entire-margined generally, but some discs bear six to eight unclear lobes about 1 ×
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in dimensions. Some discs demonstrate a flattened protective limb of about
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wide at outer periphery of the lobes, making the disc semi-closed. This limb covers the seed base (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFB32FC98FAF08D49" box="[1183,1312,825,849]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="5.[147,225,1668,1689]" captionTargetBox="[150,1462,154,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-129@5.[147,1459,127,1670]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: line drawing explaining female cone morphology after holotype; b: suggested reconstruction showing arrangement and vascularization of seed-bearing discs (left), and section through seed-bearing discs exhibiting seed attachment and marginal limb structure (right); c: seed scar structure (after Textfig. 3c), 1 – subepidermal and epidermal tissues under the cuticle, 2 – coaly tissues of mesophyll. Oval form at seed scar center is possible exit of conducting strand. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522658/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-fig. 4b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFCDCFCF8FAD38A2A" blockId="3.[843,1482,152,2100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
Cuticle preparations taken from the
<typeStatus id="549B44F4FFB1FFBDFA8EFCF8FA508D69" box="[1315,1408,857,881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
show well-visible seed scars (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFBF5FCD8FB0F8D8A" box="[1112,1247,889,914]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="4.[125,206,1830,1851]" captionTargetBox="[134,1440,151,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-60@4.[132,1416,151,1817]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Text-fig. 3. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: morphology of female cone; b: position of seed-bearing discs forming parastichous lines; c: seed scar structure. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522656" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522656/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-figs 3c</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFB5DFCDBFADC8D8A" box="[1264,1292,890,914]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="5.[147,225,1668,1689]" captionTargetBox="[150,1462,154,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-129@5.[147,1459,127,1670]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: line drawing explaining female cone morphology after holotype; b: suggested reconstruction showing arrangement and vascularization of seed-bearing discs (left), and section through seed-bearing discs exhibiting seed attachment and marginal limb structure (right); c: seed scar structure (after Textfig. 3c), 1 – subepidermal and epidermal tissues under the cuticle, 2 – coaly tissues of mesophyll. Oval form at seed scar center is possible exit of conducting strand. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522658/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">4c</figureCitation>
). The seed scars are ovoid, 300 µm long and 200 µm wide on average. Size and shape of the seed scars well correspond to the size and shape of the chalazal base of the seeds. Judging from the material in hand, the seed scars were orientated along the radial directions of the seed-bearing disc.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFCDCFB9BFBAE8AAA" blockId="3.[843,1482,152,2100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
The seeds are disposed beneath the seed-bearing disc and directly attached to the adaxial surface of the discs (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFAC0FBFBFCB98A8A" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="5.[147,225,1668,1689]" captionTargetBox="[150,1462,154,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-129@5.[147,1459,127,1670]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: line drawing explaining female cone morphology after holotype; b: suggested reconstruction showing arrangement and vascularization of seed-bearing discs (left), and section through seed-bearing discs exhibiting seed attachment and marginal limb structure (right); c: seed scar structure (after Textfig. 3c), 1 – subepidermal and epidermal tissues under the cuticle, 2 – coaly tissues of mesophyll. Oval form at seed scar center is possible exit of conducting strand. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522658/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-fig. 4b</figureCitation>
). The seed cuticles were extracted during the maceration of the discs (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFC7FFB3BFBA28AAA" box="[978,1138,1178,1202]" captionStart-0="Text-fig" captionStart-1="Text-fig" captionStart-2="Text-fig" captionStartId-0="9.[146,227,1711,1732]" captionStartId-1="10.[106,187,719,740]" captionStartId-2="10.[125,209,2048,2069]" captionTargetBox-0="[146,1464,153,1695]" captionTargetBox-1="[118,735,156,693]" captionTargetBox-2="[126,1437,1634,2020]" captionTargetId-0="figure-85@9.[117,1480,121,1724]" captionTargetId-1="figure-466@10.[87,767,117,736]" captionTargetId-2="figure-539@10.[57,928,1611,2408]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="Text-fig. 8. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Structure of seed extracted from seedbearing capsule. a, b: general morphology; c–e: detailed cellular structure. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 mm (a, b; same scale for both figures), 100 µm (c–e)." captionText-1="Text-fig. 9. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Structure of seed extracted from seed-bearing capsule. a: general morphology; b, c: detailed cellular structure. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 mm (a), 100 µm (b, c)." captionText-2="Text-fig.10. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a–f: seeds extracted from seed-bearing capsule. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522666" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522668" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522670" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7522666/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7522668/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7522670/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-figs 8–10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFCDCFB1BFB4B886B" blockId="3.[843,1482,152,2100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
The seeds are platyspermic, very small (according to the seed size ranking scale proposed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB187A7FFB1FFBDFB6EFB7BFA568AEA" author="Artjushenko, Z. T." box="[1219,1414,1242,1266]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" refId="ref5617" refString="Artjushenko, Z. T. (1990): Atlas opisatelnoy morfologii vysshikh rasteniy. Semya [Atlas of descriptive morphology of higher plants: Seed]. - Nauka, Leningrad, 204 pp. (in Russian)" type="book" year="1990">Artjushenko 1990</bibRefCitation>
). Seed are ovoid, 1.7–2.0 mm long and 1.0–
<quantity id="4CD857B3FFB1FFBDFB7EFB5AFAF38B0A" box="[1235,1315,1275,1299]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
wide, widest at the middle or lower one-third (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFB21FABBFAFA8B2B" box="[1164,1322,1306,1331]" captionStart-0="Text-fig" captionStart-1="Text-fig" captionStart-2="Text-fig" captionStartId-0="9.[146,227,1711,1732]" captionStartId-1="10.[106,187,719,740]" captionStartId-2="10.[125,209,2048,2069]" captionTargetBox-0="[146,1464,153,1695]" captionTargetBox-1="[118,735,156,693]" captionTargetBox-2="[126,1437,1634,2020]" captionTargetId-0="figure-85@9.[117,1480,121,1724]" captionTargetId-1="figure-466@10.[87,767,117,736]" captionTargetId-2="figure-539@10.[57,928,1611,2408]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="Text-fig. 8. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Structure of seed extracted from seedbearing capsule. a, b: general morphology; c–e: detailed cellular structure. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 mm (a, b; same scale for both figures), 100 µm (c–e)." captionText-1="Text-fig. 9. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Structure of seed extracted from seed-bearing capsule. a: general morphology; b, c: detailed cellular structure. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 mm (a), 100 µm (b, c)." captionText-2="Text-fig.10. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a–f: seeds extracted from seed-bearing capsule. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522666" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522668" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522670" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7522666/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7522668/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7522670/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-figs 8–10</figureCitation>
). The seeds are narrowed at the apical micropylar end. The seed peripheries are slightly flattened. The seed coat (spermoderm) is smooth, without distinct sculpture. The seed scarlet is about 300 µm in diameter, ellipsoidal to round, central in relation to the ventral side of the seed, somewhat impressed, surrounded by weakly developed ring-shaped uplifting (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFA91FA7AFA158BEB" box="[1340,1477,1499,1523]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="9.[146,227,1711,1732]" captionTargetBox="[146,1464,153,1695]" captionTargetId="figure-85@9.[117,1480,121,1724]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Text-fig. 8. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Structure of seed extracted from seedbearing capsule. a, b: general morphology; c–e: detailed cellular structure. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 mm (a, b; same scale for both figures), 100 µm (c–e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522666" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522666/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Text-figs 8b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB1FFBDFCE6FA5AFCB7880B" box="[843,871,1531,1555]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="10.[106,187,719,740]" captionTargetBox="[118,735,156,693]" captionTargetId="figure-466@10.[87,767,117,736]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Text-fig. 9. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Structure of seed extracted from seed-bearing capsule. a: general morphology; b, c: detailed cellular structure. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 mm (a), 100 µm (b, c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522668/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">9a</figureCitation>
). The main axis of the seeds is straight to slightly curved. Since the seeds lack sarcotestal wings, we can conclude that the original plant had rather limited dispersal ability (authochorous or barochorous).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBDFCDCF9DDFB0789CB" blockId="3.[843,1482,152,2100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
Very similar seeds, but considerably larger, were described as “
<taxonomicName id="4C2081D5FFB1FFBDFC46F93AFBAE88AB" box="[1003,1150,1691,1715]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cordaitaceae" genus="Cordaicarpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB1FFBDFC46F93AFBAE88AB" box="[1003,1150,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Cordaicarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB1FFBDFB3BF93AFB3D88AB" box="[1174,1261,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">uralicus</emphasis>
KH.R.DOMBR. from the lower Permian (Kungurian) deposits of the Cis-Urals (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB187A7FFB1FFBDFCFFF97AFBEC88EB" author="Dombrovskaya, Kh. R." box="[850,1084,1755,1779]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" pagination="28 - 56" refId="ref5825" refString="Dombrovskaya, Kh. R. (1976): Semena permskikh rasteniy Pechorskogo ugolnogo basseyna i ikh stratigraficheskoe znachenie [Seeds of Permian plants of the Pechora coal basin and their stratigraphical significance]. - Materials on Geology and Mineral Resources of the North- Eastern part of the European part of the USSR, 8: 28 - 56. (in Russian)" type="journal article" year="1976">Dombrovskaya 1976</bibRefCitation>
). It was suggested that these seeds were produced by the peltasperm plant with the fronds
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB1FFBDFCE6F8BAFBA9892B" box="[843,1145,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Permocallipteris retensoria</emphasis>
(ZALESSKY) NAUGOLNYKH and the seed-bearing discs
<taxonomicName id="4C2081D5FFB1FFBDFBEEF89AFAD5894B" box="[1091,1285,1851,1875]" family="Peltaspermaceae" genus="Peltaspermum" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB1FFBDFBEEF89AFB0D894B" box="[1091,1245,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Peltaspermum</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB187A7FFB1FFBDFAB8F89AFC15896B" author="Naugolnykh, S. V. &amp; Kerp, H." pageId="3" pageNumber="435" pagination="35 - 62" refId="ref7329" refString="Naugolnykh, S. V., Kerp, H. (1996): Aspects of Permian Palaeobotany and Palynology. XV: On the oldest known peltasperms with radially symmetrical ovuliferous discs from the Kungurian (uppermost Lower Permian) of the Fore-Urals (Russia). - Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 91: 35 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0034 - 6667 (95) 00066 - 6" type="journal article" year="1996">Naugolnykh and Kerp 1996</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB187A7FFB1FFBDFC7BF8FAFB71896B" author="Naugolnykh, S. V." box="[982,1185,1883,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref7117" refString="Naugolnykh, S. V. (2014): Permocallipteris, a new genus from the Permian of Angaraland. - Wulfenia, Mitteilungen des Karntner Botanikzentrums Klagenfurt, 21: 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2014">Naugolnykh 2014</bibRefCitation>
). Seeds of this
<typeStatus id="549B44F4FFB1FFBDFAF6F8FDFA59896C" box="[1371,1417,1884,1908]" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">type</typeStatus>
were found later in natural connection to the seed-bearing discs of
<taxonomicName id="4C2081D5FFB1FFBDFCE6F83AFB3E89AA" authority="NAUGOLNYKH" authorityName="NAUGOLNYKH" box="[843,1262,1947,1971]" family="Peltaspermaceae" genus="Peltaspermum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="petaloides">
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB1FFBDFCE6F83AFB8C89AB" box="[843,1116,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">Peltaspermum petaloides</emphasis>
NAUGOLNYKH
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB187A7FFB1FFBDFB53F83AFCB889CB" author="Naugolnykh, S. V." pageId="3" pageNumber="435" pagination="1 - 336" refId="ref7153" refString="Naugolnykh, S. V. (2016): Flora Permica. Rastitel'nyy mir permskogo perioda. Priural'e [Flora Permica. Plant world of Permian period. Cis-Urals]. - Trudy Geologicheskogo instituta, Moskva [Transactions of the Geological Institute, Moscow], 612: 1 - 336. (in Russian)" type="journal article" year="2016">Naugolnykh 2016: 86</bibRefCitation>
, text-fig. 35A, B, D, pl. XXIX, 6).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB1FFBAFCDCF87DFEC889CF" blockId="3.[843,1482,152,2100]" lastBlockId="4.[106,745,1951,2071]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="436" pageId="3" pageNumber="435">
Discovery of the present specimen, bearing seeds in natural connection to the seed-bearing discs similar to other representatives of
<taxonomicName id="4C2081D5FFB1FFBDFBB8F7BDFB68862C" authorityName="T. N. TAYLOR" authorityYear="1981" box="[1045,1208,2076,2100]" class="Pteridospermopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Peltaspermales" pageId="3" pageNumber="435" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Peltaspermales</taxonomicName>
, supports the initial idea that these seed forms belong to the peltasperms (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB187A7FFB6FFBAFDCEF83EFEDD89CF" author="Naugolnykh, S. V. &amp; Kerp, H." pageId="4" pageNumber="436" pagination="35 - 62" refId="ref7329" refString="Naugolnykh, S. V., Kerp, H. (1996): Aspects of Permian Palaeobotany and Palynology. XV: On the oldest known peltasperms with radially symmetrical ovuliferous discs from the Kungurian (uppermost Lower Permian) of the Fore-Urals (Russia). - Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 91: 35 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0034 - 6667 (95) 00066 - 6" type="journal article" year="1996">Naugolnykh and Kerp 1996</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5FAADEFFB6FFBAFFD0F887FACB8940" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522656" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522656" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522656/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="436" startId="4.[125,206,1830,1851]" targetBox="[134,1440,151,1814]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB6FFBAFFD0F887FACB8940" blockId="4.[125,1440,1830,1880]" pageId="4" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB6FFBAFFD0F887FD348922" bold="true" box="[125,740,1830,1851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="436">
Text-fig. 3.
<taxonomicName id="4C2081D5FFB6FFBAFF54F887FD348922" authority="NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA" authorityName="NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA" authorityYear="2022" box="[249,740,1830,1851]" class="Bivalvia" family="Angaropeltaceae" genus="Taimyria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Peltaspermales" pageId="4" pageNumber="436" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="triassica" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB6FFBAFF54F887FE7F8923" bold="true" box="[249,431,1830,1851]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="436">Taimyria triassica</emphasis>
NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2679B3FFFB6FFBAFD42F887FC428923" box="[751,914,1830,1851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="436" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype 4287/6. a: morphology of female cone; b: position of seed-bearing discs forming parastichous lines; c: seed scar structure. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB6FFBAFF3DF87EFD39860F" blockId="4.[106,745,1951,2071]" pageId="4" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB6FFBAFF3DF87EFDD189EF" bold="true" box="[144,513,2015,2039]" pageId="4" pageNumber="436">Epidermal-cuticular structure.</emphasis>
The cuticles are relatively thick.The cell outlines are indistinctly pronounced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB6FFBAFC99F83EFBA3860F" blockId="4.[820,1459,1951,2071]" pageId="4" pageNumber="436">
The most well-preserved cell structure is observed on the adaxial cuticles, especially around the seed scars, where the cells are clearly visible and well-expressed in the cuticle relief (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB6FFBAFCD7F85EFC2C860F" box="[890,1020,2047,2071]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="4.[125,206,1830,1851]" captionTargetBox="[134,1440,151,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-60@4.[132,1416,151,1817]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Text-fig. 3. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: morphology of female cone; b: position of seed-bearing discs forming parastichous lines; c: seed scar structure. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522656" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522656/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="436">Text-figs 3c</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB6FFBAFBA5F85EFBF3860F" box="[1032,1059,2047,2071]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="5.[147,225,1668,1689]" captionTargetBox="[150,1462,154,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-129@5.[147,1459,127,1670]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: line drawing explaining female cone morphology after holotype; b: suggested reconstruction showing arrangement and vascularization of seed-bearing discs (left), and section through seed-bearing discs exhibiting seed attachment and marginal limb structure (right); c: seed scar structure (after Textfig. 3c), 1 – subepidermal and epidermal tissues under the cuticle, 2 – coaly tissues of mesophyll. Oval form at seed scar center is possible exit of conducting strand. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522658/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="436">4c</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB6FFBAFB83F85EFBB7860F" box="[1070,1127,2047,2071]" captionStart-0="Text-fig" captionStart-1="Text-fig" captionStart-2="Text-fig" captionStartId-0="9.[146,227,1711,1732]" captionStartId-1="10.[106,187,719,740]" captionStartId-2="10.[125,209,2048,2069]" captionTargetBox-0="[146,1464,153,1695]" captionTargetBox-1="[118,735,156,693]" captionTargetBox-2="[126,1437,1634,2020]" captionTargetId-0="figure-85@9.[117,1480,121,1724]" captionTargetId-1="figure-466@10.[87,767,117,736]" captionTargetId-2="figure-539@10.[57,928,1611,2408]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="Text-fig. 8. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Structure of seed extracted from seedbearing capsule. a, b: general morphology; c–e: detailed cellular structure. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 mm (a, b; same scale for both figures), 100 µm (c–e)." captionText-1="Text-fig. 9. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Structure of seed extracted from seed-bearing capsule. a: general morphology; b, c: detailed cellular structure. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 mm (a), 100 µm (b, c)." captionText-2="Text-fig.10. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a–f: seeds extracted from seed-bearing capsule. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522666" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522668" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522670" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7522666/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7522668/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7522670/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="436">8–10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5FAADEFFB7FFBBFF3EF925FA5A8916" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522658/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="437" startId="5.[147,225,1668,1689]" targetBox="[150,1462,154,1652]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB7FFBBFF3EF925FA5A8916" blockId="5.[147,1463,1668,1806]" pageId="5" pageNumber="437">
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB7FFBBFF3EF925FD098880" bold="true" box="[147,729,1668,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="437">
Text-fig. 4.
<taxonomicName id="4C2081D5FFB7FFBBFEABF925FD098880" authority="NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA" authorityName="NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA" authorityYear="2022" box="[262,729,1668,1689]" class="Bivalvia" family="Angaropeltaceae" genus="Taimyria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Peltaspermales" pageId="5" pageNumber="437" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="triassica" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9542644FFB7FFBBFEABF925FE638881" bold="true" box="[262,435,1668,1689]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="437">Taimyria triassica</emphasis>
NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2679B3FFFB7FFBBFD4CF925FCA88881" box="[737,888,1668,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="437" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype 4287/6. a: line drawing explaining female cone morphology after holotype; b: suggested reconstruction showing arrangement and vascularization of seed-bearing discs (left), and section through seed-bearing discs exhibiting seed attachment and marginal limb structure (right); c: seed scar structure (after Textfig. 3c), 1 – subepidermal and epidermal tissues under the cuticle, 2 – coaly tissues of mesophyll. Oval form at seed scar center is possible exit of conducting strand. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9FFA56FFB7FFB6FF0BF8F4FEA78A52" blockId="5.[129,768,1877,2093]" lastBlockId="8.[106,744,1007,1098]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="440" pageId="5" pageNumber="437">
The common epidermal cells are elongate, mostly of prolonged rectangular outlines, rarely more isometric. Average size of the cells is 40 × 70 µm. Radial cell walls are undulated to slightly curved. The straight cell walls are present as well. The periclinal cell walls are fairly smooth. The common epidermal cells
<taxonomicName id="4C2081D5FFB7FFBBFE7EF854FDB28615" box="[467,610,2037,2061]" form="distinct" pageId="5" pageNumber="437" rank="form">form distinct</taxonomicName>
rows radially disposed around the seed scars (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB7FFBBFE71F7B4FD8F8635" box="[476,607,2069,2093]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="4.[125,206,1830,1851]" captionTargetBox="[134,1440,151,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-60@4.[132,1416,151,1817]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Text-fig. 3. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: morphology of female cone; b: position of seed-bearing discs forming parastichous lines; c: seed scar structure. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522656" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522656/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="437">Text-figs 3c</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB7FFBBFDC0F7B4FD598635" box="[621,649,2069,2093]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="5.[147,225,1668,1689]" captionTargetBox="[150,1462,154,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-129@5.[147,1459,127,1670]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: line drawing explaining female cone morphology after holotype; b: suggested reconstruction showing arrangement and vascularization of seed-bearing discs (left), and section through seed-bearing discs exhibiting seed attachment and marginal limb structure (right); c: seed scar structure (after Textfig. 3c), 1 – subepidermal and epidermal tissues under the cuticle, 2 – coaly tissues of mesophyll. Oval form at seed scar center is possible exit of conducting strand. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522658/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="437">4c</figureCitation>
). The cells become more isometric in the distance of 500–600 µm from the seed scar. Occasionally the papillae are joined into a common uplifting with weak extrusion (
<figureCitation id="131BE6D3FFB7FFBBFAC0F834FC8B89D5" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="8.[106,187,798,819]" captionTargetBox="[107,740,151,782]" captionTargetId="figure-815@8.[65,787,115,825]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Text-fig. 7. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. Line drawing of epidermal cuticle of upper surface of seed-bearing disc showing stoma. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522664" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522664/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="437">Text-fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Similar cutinization of the stomata is known for some other representatives of the order
<taxonomicName id="4C2081D5FFB7FFBBFB4EF874FA5389F5" authorityName="T. N. TAYLOR" authorityYear="1981" box="[1251,1411,2005,2029]" class="Pteridospermopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Peltaspermales" pageId="5" pageNumber="437" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Peltaspermales</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB187A7FFB7FFBBFCE6F854FBDF8615" author="Naugolnykh, S. V." box="[843,1039,2037,2061]" pageId="5" pageNumber="437" pagination="226 - 242" refId="ref6931" refString="Naugolnykh, S. V. (2005): Upper Permian flora of Vjazniki (European part of Russia), its Zechstein appearance, and the nature of the Permian / Triassic extinction. - In: Lucas, S. G., Zeigler, K. E. (eds), The nonmarine Permian. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Sciences Bulletin, 30: 226 - 242." type="journal article" year="2005">Naugolnykh 2005</bibRefCitation>
: figs 12–14, 16, 17). In very rare cases, a crescent-shaped uplifting is developed instead the papillae. Common cells of the abaxial surface of the seed-bearing discs are of isometric outlines, round to polygonal, with average size 50 × 60 µm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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