377 lines
46 KiB
XML
377 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="3ABB96FF7DDFCDC1D5D255EAE18FFB00" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.175492" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fdd621e5-2e7d-471a-be4c-abe5550499d3" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="175492" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459810602233" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ferguson, Douglas C. & Schmidt, Christian" docDate="2007" docId="038887F3252CFF85FF23ED0D76D7A3BE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01405p049.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1405" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Grammia eureka Ferguson & Schmidt, 2007, New Species" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="FFB1FF8B252FFF80FFB4E83F7522A06C" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of the Grammia nevadensis species group (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) with descriptions of`two new species" masterLastPageNumber="49" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1698220984569" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="3AD4363EB291F973F4BC86ED2E61A268" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="990DA0A8E8D2F3FFE9EE2342DF23A47D">Taxonomic review of the Grammia nevadensis species group (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) with descriptions of`two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="42D20D526B83B8C606A725B04A193E35">Ferguson, Douglas C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="61BDE82C177D23EAA15DD74F86A3AE1E">Schmidt, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BAEDB717AFD5D8F1B8EAE545BE9AF898">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="94AD3D3D3047D091811707F92878DDE5">
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<mods:date id="9D98C2B4681C0915520A964F8C96A208">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="2A6CA1DB548F7570CD31DDC07D90E2D4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.175492</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038887F3252CFF85FF23ED0D76D7A3BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6249407" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119353860" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6249407" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038887F3252CFF85FF23ED0D76D7A3BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038887F3252CFF85FF23ED0D76D7A3BE" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">
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<subSubSection id="C33B656E252CFF83FF23ED0D7404A503" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9E36E5252CFF83FF23ED0D7724A520" blockId="3.[151,518,1330,1391]" box="[151,518,1330,1356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">
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<heading id="D0D68189252CFF83FF23ED0D7724A520" bold="true" box="[151,518,1330,1356]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FF23ED0D7724A520" bold="true" box="[151,518,1330,1356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FF23ED0D7447A520" box="[151,357,1330,1356]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eureka" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FF23ED0D7447A520" bold="true" box="[151,357,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">Grammia eureka</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A266578C252CFF83FED8ED0D7724A520" box="[364,518,1330,1356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" rank="species">New Species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E36E5252CFF83FF23ED6A7404A503" blockId="3.[151,518,1330,1391]" box="[151,294,1365,1391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131A2A60252CFF83FF2BED6A75CCA503" box="[159,238,1365,1391]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1047,1071]" captionTargetBox="[296,1291,397,1007]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[296,1292,397,1010]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adult males of the Grammia nevadensis species group, a) G. n. nevadensis (Winnemuca, Humboldt Co., NV); b) G. n. superba (Victoria, Vancouver Is., BC); c) G. n. geneura (Estes Park, Larimer Co., CO); d) G. n. gibsoni (Burstall dunes, SK); e) G. behrii (Eight Dollar Mtn., Josephine Co., OR); f) G. i n c o r r u p t a (Comanche Natl. Grassland, Baca Co., CO); g) G. williamsii (Jenner, AB); h) G. eureka (HOLOTYPE, Eureka, Juab Co., UT); i) G. bowmani (PARATYPE, Black Ridge, Mesa Co., CO)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175493/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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h, 7)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B656E252CFF83FF23ED9A75C7A783" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9E36E5252CFF83FF23ED9A75C7A783" blockId="3.[151,1439,1445,2031]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FF23ED9A7435A5D3" bold="true" box="[151,279,1445,1471]" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Males of
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FE26ED9A7721A5D2" box="[402,515,1445,1470]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eureka">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FE26ED9A7721A5D2" box="[402,515,1445,1470]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">G. eureka</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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resemble those of
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FD5CED9A765BA5D2" box="[744,889,1445,1470]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">G. b o w m a n i,</emphasis>
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n. sp. (the female of
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FB36ED9A71CFA5D2" box="[1154,1261,1445,1470]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FB36ED9A71CFA5D2" box="[1154,1261,1445,1470]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">bowmani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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unknown) but have a reduced, elliptical eye and a larger, more exposed gena; the reduced eyes suggest that both sexes are diurnal, which may help explain why so few have been collected. The longest antennal branches are shorter than those of both
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FEC0EE2274FDA65A" box="[372,479,1565,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FEC0EE2274FDA65A" box="[372,479,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">bowmani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FDAEEE2277B8A65A" box="[538,666,1565,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FDAEEE2277B8A65A" box="[538,666,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">nevadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: 2–2.5 times the intersegmental length in
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FB39EE2271F9A65A" box="[1165,1243,1565,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eureka">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FB39EE2271F9A65A" box="[1165,1243,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">eureka</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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compared to 3– 3.5 and 4–4.5 for
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FED1EE7A74F2A632" box="[357,464,1605,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FED1EE7A74F2A632" box="[357,464,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">bowmani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FDBDEE7A77A8A632" box="[521,650,1605,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FDBDEE7A77A8A632" box="[521,650,1605,1630]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">nevadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, respectively. The black spots of the hindwing are mainly clustered toward the outer margin as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FE41EE527743A6EA" box="[501,609,1645,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FE41EE527743A6EA" box="[501,609,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">bowmani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and some forms of
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FCFEEE5276CDA6EA" box="[842,1007,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FCFEEE52767EA6EA" box="[842,860,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">G</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FCDFEE5276CDA6EA" box="[875,1007,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">nevadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but the hindwing ground colour is a more orangetinted shade, not the pink to deep salmon pink of
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FCC5EEAA76FFA6C2" box="[881,989,1685,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FCC5EEAA76FFA6C2" box="[881,989,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">bowmani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Although somewhat faded from age, the male and female hindwings of
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FD9CEE827755A6BA" box="[552,631,1725,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eureka">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FD9CEE827755A6BA" box="[552,631,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">eureka</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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appear to be coloured alike (not as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FB86EE8271F1A6BA" box="[1074,1235,1725,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FB86EE8271F1A6BA" box="[1074,1235,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">G. nevadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in which female hindwing colouring is much more saturated). Also, surprisingly for a
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FC70EEDA7116A692" box="[964,1076,1765,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FC70EEDA7116A692" box="[964,1076,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">Grammia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species of this group, the male genitalia appear to be distinctive (only one specimen was dissected), in that the apex of the valve is blunt and squared off, not elongate and rounded as in other members of the group (
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<figureCitation id="131A2A60252CFF83FBB5EF0A7169A723" box="[1025,1099,1845,1871]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1917,1941]" captionTargetBox="[212,1383,389,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[160,1441,377,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. Male genitalia Grammia nevadensis group species; caudoventral aspect of genital capsule (a) and aedeagus with vesica everted, right lateral aspect. 3) G. nevadensis superba (Oliver, BC), 4) G. behrii (Kern Co., CA), 5) G. incorrupta (Pima Co., AZ), 6) G. williamsii (Jenner, AB), 7) G. eureka (PARATYPE, Eureka, UT), 8) G. bowmani (PARATYPE, Mesa Co., CO)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175495/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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). Collection dates indicate a much earlier flight period than
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FDB8EF62778CA71A" box="[524,686,1885,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FDB8EF62778CA71A" box="[524,686,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">G. nevadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, with records from April to May, compared to August through September for
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FEFDEFBA7728A7F2" box="[329,522,1925,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nevadensis" subSpecies="nevadensis">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FEFDEFBA7728A7F2" box="[329,522,1925,1950]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">G. n. nevadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FDA8EFBA77AAA7F2" box="[540,648,1925,1950]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">G. e u re k a</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FD7DEFBA764EA7F2" box="[713,876,1925,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FD7DEFBA764EA7F2" box="[713,876,1925,1950]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">G. nevadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are sympatric at
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FB8AEFBA71B6A7F3" box="[1086,1172,1925,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eureka">Eureka</taxonomicName>
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, Utah, with numerous
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FF23EF92743AA7AA" box="[151,280,1965,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252CFF83FF23EF92743AA7AA" box="[151,280,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="42">nevadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens known from
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252CFF83FD8DEF9277AEA7AB" box="[569,652,1965,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eureka">Eureka</taxonomicName>
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(T. Spalding; CNC, USNM) and nearby localities (D.F. Hardwick; CNC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B656E252BFF84FF72E8A87707A72E" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8B9E36E5252BFF84FF72E8A8766EA5DE" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FF72E8A8747CA0DD" bold="true" box="[198,350,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Description.</emphasis>
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MALE.
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FE64E8A7773BA0DD" box="[464,537,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Head:</emphasis>
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Eyes reduced to little more than half the size seen in most species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FAFAE8A775E1A0B5" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FAFAE8A775E1A0B5" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Grammia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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, including
|
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<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FEF3E8FF7766A0B5" box="[327,580,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FEF3E8FF74C8A0B5" box="[327,490,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">G. nevadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FE42E8FF771DA0B5" box="[502,575,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="behrii">behrii</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FDC8E8FF77CDA0B5" box="[636,751,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FDC8E8FF77C8A0B5" box="[636,746,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">bowmani</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and having the appearance of being directed forward. The eye reduction leaves an exposed gena, which bears a few brown scales, more in one male than the other. Upper edge of eye set well apart from base of antenna, whereas it almost touches base of antenna in species with larger eyes. Compound eye roughly equals onefourth of a sphere; that of
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FBD5E907707DA13D" box="[1121,1375,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FBD5E90771C7A13D" box="[1121,1253,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">nevadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FB40E907707DA13D" box="[1268,1375,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">bowmani</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and most others of the group is onehalf a sphere or close. Antennae bipectinate with relatively short branches, the longest 2–2.5X longer than intersegmental distance; antenna brown, the branches tending to be slightly clavate, the shaft and branches fully scaled above, setose beneath in the usual way; palpi appearing long but probably only because of their long vestiture and more conspicuous appearance relative to the reduced eye. Front and tips of palpi white at sides, otherwise dark brown or blackish.
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FC70EA3F713AA275" box="[964,1048,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Vertex with tuft of long, black scales; each patagium black with border of whitish vestiture along both sides; tegula black with whitish border along each side; dorsum of thorax otherwise whitish with wide middorsal black band. Thorax beneath mostly with shaggy black vestiture (with some small white patches), except for legs, which are largely white, especially the tibiae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FED1EA9F74F6A2D5" box="[357,468,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Abdomen with mediumwidth black middorsal band, reddish at sides, pale ventrally except for a segmental series of vertical bars in zone between pink and pale areas. Forewing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A60252BFF84FA8EEAF7705FA28E" box="[1338,1405,712,738]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1047,1071]" captionTargetBox="[296,1291,397,1007]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[296,1292,397,1010]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adult males of the Grammia nevadensis species group, a) G. n. nevadensis (Winnemuca, Humboldt Co., NV); b) G. n. superba (Victoria, Vancouver Is., BC); c) G. n. geneura (Estes Park, Larimer Co., CO); d) G. n. gibsoni (Burstall dunes, SK); e) G. behrii (Eight Dollar Mtn., Josephine Co., OR); f) G. i n c o r r u p t a (Comanche Natl. Grassland, Baca Co., CO); g) G. williamsii (Jenner, AB); h) G. eureka (HOLOTYPE, Eureka, Juab Co., UT); i) G. bowmani (PARATYPE, Black Ridge, Mesa Co., CO)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175493/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
h) dorsally with an almost complete set of whitish bands, except that the basal and antemedial bands may be fragmentary as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FEDFEB2774F4A35D" box="[363,470,792,817]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FEDFEB2774F4A35D" box="[363,470,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">bowmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and many specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FD4CEB27765BA35D" box="[760,889,792,817]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FD4CEB27765BA35D" box="[760,889,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">nevadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. General pattern as in other members of group except that medial band is nearly straight, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FD74EB7F760EA335" box="[704,812,832,857]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FD74EB7F760EA335" box="[704,812,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">bowmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; not as strongly convex as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FB30EB7F7027A335" box="[1156,1285,832,857]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FB30EB7F7027A335" box="[1156,1285,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">nevadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Postmedial band curved or bent basad near costa, but not as strongly so as in most members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FB1AEB57700DA3ED" box="[1198,1327,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FB1AEB57700DA3ED" box="[1198,1327,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">nevadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FF15EBAF742EA3C5" box="[161,268,912,937]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FF15EBAF742EA3C5" box="[161,268,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">bowmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in having this band nearly straight as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FCD7EBAF76F4A3C5" box="[867,982,912,937]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FCD7EBAF76F4A3C5" box="[867,982,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">williamsii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); cubital band well developed. Wing length:
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8847252BFF84FF44EB87747BA3BE" box="[240,345,952,978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B00252BFF84FED1EB8774F0A3BE" box="[357,466,952,978]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8847252BFF84FE6AEB877761A3BE" box="[478,579,952,978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B00252BFF84FD26EB8777CBA3BE" box="[658,745,952,978]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Length to width ratio = 2.25 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FBEEEB87714BA3BD" box="[1114,1129,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2). Hindwing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A60252BFF84FA89EB8770A2A3BE" box="[1341,1408,952,978]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1047,1071]" captionTargetBox="[296,1291,397,1007]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[296,1292,397,1010]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adult males of the Grammia nevadensis species group, a) G. n. nevadensis (Winnemuca, Humboldt Co., NV); b) G. n. superba (Victoria, Vancouver Is., BC); c) G. n. geneura (Estes Park, Larimer Co., CO); d) G. n. gibsoni (Burstall dunes, SK); e) G. behrii (Eight Dollar Mtn., Josephine Co., OR); f) G. i n c o r r u p t a (Comanche Natl. Grassland, Baca Co., CO); g) G. williamsii (Jenner, AB); h) G. eureka (HOLOTYPE, Eureka, Juab Co., UT); i) G. bowmani (PARATYPE, Black Ridge, Mesa Co., CO)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175493/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
h) dorsally orange red, not pink to salmon coloured as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FCA0EBDF765DA395" box="[788,895,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FCA0EBDF765DA395" box="[788,895,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">bowmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or bright red as in many
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FB18EBDF700EA395" box="[1196,1324,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FB18EBDF700EA395" box="[1196,1324,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">nevadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; submarginal dark spots with tendency to be concentrated as a border on outer margin much as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FB1BEC377038A44D" box="[1199,1306,1032,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FB1BEC377038A44D" box="[1199,1306,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">bowmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Ventrally with pattern very similar to upper side, but with colour less intense.
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FC7BEC0F711CA425" box="[975,1086,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A60252BFF84FAB9EC0F7077A426" box="[1293,1365,1072,1098]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1917,1941]" captionTargetBox="[212,1383,389,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[160,1441,377,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. Male genitalia Grammia nevadensis group species; caudoventral aspect of genital capsule (a) and aedeagus with vesica everted, right lateral aspect. 3) G. nevadensis superba (Oliver, BC), 4) G. behrii (Kern Co., CA), 5) G. incorrupta (Pima Co., AZ), 6) G. williamsii (Jenner, AB), 7) G. eureka (PARATYPE, Eureka, UT), 8) G. bowmani (PARATYPE, Mesa Co., CO)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175495/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) with valves relatively distinctive for this genus, with the distal part of the valve wide and spatulate, appearing squaredoff not tapered and rounded. Inner median ridge and median process of valve moderately developed; Juxta wide with broad, shallow dorsal notch; basal 1/4 of uncus with pronounced constriction, smoothly tapering to apex with slight constriction 2/3 of distance to apex. Aedeagus with strong dorsad curve at 2/3 distance beyond base. Vesica apparently indistinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FC90ECC776E4A57D" box="[804,966,1272,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FC90ECC776E4A57D" box="[804,966,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">G. nevadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, coarsely and extensively scobinate but not much more so than in related species. Largest (apical) chamber of vesica more elongate like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FB49ED1F705CA555" box="[1277,1406,1312,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FB49ED1F705CA555" box="[1277,1406,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">nevadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in comparison to the short, broad vesica of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FDCDED77762FA50D" box="[633,781,1352,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FDCDED77762FA50D" box="[633,781,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">G. williamsii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A60252BFF84FCAAED777647A50E" box="[798,869,1352,1378]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1917,1941]" captionTargetBox="[212,1383,389,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[160,1441,377,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. Male genitalia Grammia nevadensis group species; caudoventral aspect of genital capsule (a) and aedeagus with vesica everted, right lateral aspect. 3) G. nevadensis superba (Oliver, BC), 4) G. behrii (Kern Co., CA), 5) G. incorrupta (Pima Co., AZ), 6) G. williamsii (Jenner, AB), 7) G. eureka (PARATYPE, Eureka, UT), 8) G. bowmani (PARATYPE, Mesa Co., CO)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175495/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FC1CED777116A50D" box="[936,1076,1352,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bowmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FC1CED777116A50D" box="[936,1076,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">G. bowmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A60252BFF84FBF1ED7771AFA50E" box="[1093,1165,1352,1378]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1917,1941]" captionTargetBox="[212,1383,389,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[160,1441,377,1910]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. Male genitalia Grammia nevadensis group species; caudoventral aspect of genital capsule (a) and aedeagus with vesica everted, right lateral aspect. 3) G. nevadensis superba (Oliver, BC), 4) G. behrii (Kern Co., CA), 5) G. incorrupta (Pima Co., AZ), 6) G. williamsii (Jenner, AB), 7) G. eureka (PARATYPE, Eureka, UT), 8) G. bowmani (PARATYPE, Mesa Co., CO)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175495/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). The genitalia of only one male was examined so that the other could be kept intact for future reference and illustration, since the abdominal markings are sometimes important in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FD61EDA77667A5DD" box="[725,837,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FD61EDA77667A5DD" box="[725,837,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Grammia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E36E5252BFF84FF72EDFF7707A72E" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
FEMALE.
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FEFAEDFF74B5A5B5" box="[334,407,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
palpus with or without pale tip. Eye reduced as in male; gena large, partly scaled; antenna somewhat laminate, appearing serrate at sides, black.
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FCDBEDD776ECA66D" box="[879,974,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Thorax:</emphasis>
|
||
Legs black with creamcoloured markings as in male; tibiae characteristically pale outwardly (laterally), blackish inwardly (proximally). Markings of both wings much like those of male, except that basal and antemedial bands of forewing tend to be further reduced; basal band essentially absent; antemedial band wide and prominent, although broken in the middle in the Utah female, absent except for a trace at costa in the Idaho female. It should be emphasized that in most members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FEDDEE8F74C8A6A5" box="[361,490,1712,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FEDDEE8F74C8A6A5" box="[361,490,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">nevadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex and other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FCC2EE8F76C4A6A5" box="[886,998,1712,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FCC2EE8F76C4A6A5" box="[886,998,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Grammia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the hindwings are more intensely coloured than those of the male, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FDF7EEE77790A69D" box="[579,690,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eureka">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FDF7EEE77790A69D" box="[579,690,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">G. eureka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in having the sexes coloured alike. Length of forewing:
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B00252BFF84FF23EF3F75CEA776" box="[151,236,1792,1818]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
|
||
; lengthwidth ratio = 2.25 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FD9AEF3F771FA775" box="[558,573,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2).
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FD3DEF3F77D5A775" box="[649,759,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Generally similar to male but larger, and nearly all black ventrally. Genitalia not examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B656E252BFF85FF72EF7076D5A146" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E36E5252BFF84FF72EF7077BCA7FE" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FF72EF707460A705" bold="true" box="[198,322,1871,1897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8847252BFF84FF72EF70741FA705" box="[198,317,1871,1897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Male.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED30AE20252BFF84FE2DEF6F74C9A706" box="[409,491,1872,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">UTAH</collectionCode>
|
||
, [Juab County],
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252BFF84FD07EF6F762BA706" box="[691,777,1872,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eureka">Eureka</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9F1025252BFF84FCA3EF6F7698A706" box="[791,954,1872,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" value="1909-05-16">16 May 1909</date>
|
||
, Tom Spalding (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A60252BFF84FB36EF6F71E5A706" box="[1154,1223,1872,1898]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1047,1071]" captionTargetBox="[296,1291,397,1007]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[296,1292,397,1010]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adult males of the Grammia nevadensis species group, a) G. n. nevadensis (Winnemuca, Humboldt Co., NV); b) G. n. superba (Victoria, Vancouver Is., BC); c) G. n. geneura (Estes Park, Larimer Co., CO); d) G. n. gibsoni (Burstall dunes, SK); e) G. behrii (Eight Dollar Mtn., Josephine Co., OR); f) G. i n c o r r u p t a (Comanche Natl. Grassland, Baca Co., CO); g) G. williamsii (Jenner, AB); h) G. eureka (HOLOTYPE, Eureka, Juab Co., UT); i) G. bowmani (PARATYPE, Black Ridge, Mesa Co., CO)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175493/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
h). (illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B14252BFF84FF23EF477727A7FE" author="Barnes" box="[151,517,1912,1938]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" refString="Barnes, W. & McDunnough. J. (1912) Contributions to the Natural History of the Lepidoptera of North America. Vol. 2. The Review Press, Decatur, IL." type="book" year="1912">Barnes & McDunnough (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pl. 3, fig. 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E36E5252BFF85FF72EFA075D2A0B6" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,978]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252BFF84FF72EFA0746FA7D5" bold="true" box="[198,333,1951,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8847252BFF84FF72EFA0746AA7D5" box="[198,328,1951,1977]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27FD6C252BFF84FEE1EF9F748BA7D6" box="[341,425,1952,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27FD6C252BFF84FE02EF9F770EA7D6" box="[438,556,1952,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
. Male, same locality and collector as
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8847252BFF84FC58EF9F7177A7D6" box="[1004,1109,1952,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9F1025252BFF84FBD6EF9F71D7A7D6" box="[1122,1269,1952,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" value="1910-05-09">9 May 1910</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED30AE20252BFF84FAB6EF9F7075A7D6" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1282,1367,1952,1978]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="43">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
Slide No. 56401; female, same locality and collector,
|
||
<date id="FF9F1025252BFF84FD65EFF7765AA78E" box="[721,888,1992,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="43" value="1910-04-20">20 April 1910</date>
|
||
(illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B14252BFF84FB93EFF770BBA78E" author="Barnes" box="[1063,1433,1992,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" refString="Barnes, W. & McDunnough. J. (1912) Contributions to the Natural History of the Lepidoptera of North America. Vol. 2. The Review Press, Decatur, IL." type="book" year="1912">Barnes & McDunnough (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pl. 3, fig. 8); female,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED30AE20252AFF85FE20E8A774D4A0DE" box="[404,502,152,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">IDAHO</collectionCode>
|
||
, Ada Co., Boise, Jim Manning [no date, and locality not certain see Remarks below].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E36E5252AFF85FF72E8D776D5A146" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
|
||
All
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8847252AFF85FF40E8D77410A16E" box="[244,306,232,258]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">types</typeStatus>
|
||
deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED30AE20252AFF85FE66E8D77709A16E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[466,555,232,258]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
. The female dated
|
||
<date id="FF9F1025252AFF85FCB8E8D77691A16E" box="[780,947,232,258]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" value="1910-04-20">20 April 1910</date>
|
||
has slightly crumpled wings as though it had been reared or perhaps collected before the wings had fully hardened.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B656E252AFF85FF72E9087773A116" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E36E5252AFF85FF72E9087065A13E" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,978]" box="[198,1351,311,338]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252AFF85FF72E9087444A13D" bold="true" box="[198,358,311,337]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Eastern and northern edges of the Great Basin in Utah and Idaho, insofar as known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E36E5252AFF85FF72E9607773A116" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,978]" box="[198,593,351,378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252AFF85FF72E9607453A115" bold="true" box="[198,369,351,377]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Flight period.</emphasis>
|
||
<date id="FF9F1025252AFF85FECBE95F7773A116" box="[383,593,352,378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">20 April–16 May.</date>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B656E252AFF85FF72E9B876D7A3BE" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E36E5252AFF85FF72E9B876D7A3BE" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252AFF85FF72E9B87462A1CD" bold="true" box="[198,320,391,417]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252AFF85FEE6E9B77739A1CD" box="[338,539,392,417]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eureka">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252AFF85FEE6E9B77739A1CD" box="[338,539,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">Grammia eureka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on three old specimens from the Barnes collection in the USNM, collected in Utah by Tom Spalding almost a century ago, and a female
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8847252AFF85FC78E98F7113A1A6" box="[972,1073,432,458]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
thought to have been collected near Boise, Idaho (see below). The three Utah specimens collected in
|
||
<date id="FF9F1025252AFF85FC70E9E77150A19E" box="[964,1138,472,498]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" value="1909" valueMax="1910">1909 and 1910</date>
|
||
were acquired by Barnes and McDunnough for the Barnes Collection, the largest privately held North American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252AFF85FB26EA3F703DA276" box="[1170,1311,512,538]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
collection of its day. Spalding was one of several field collectors from whom Barnes purchased western material or paid to collect for him, and the Barnes collection was later purchased by the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3367675252AFF85FBB8EA6F7162A206" box="[1036,1088,592,618]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
Dept. of Agriculture for the National Collection.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B14252AFF85FE2DEA47711BA2FE" author="Barnes" box="[409,1081,632,658]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Barnes, W. & McDunnough. J. (1912) Contributions to the Natural History of the Lepidoptera of North America. Vol. 2. The Review Press, Decatur, IL." type="book" year="1912" yearSuffix="p">Barnes and McDunnough (1912: p. 10, pl. 3, figs. 1, 8)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
published photographs of the specimen here designated as
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8847252AFF85FE5CEA9F776CA2D6" box="[488,590,672,698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252AFF85FDC0EA9F77FDA2D5" box="[628,735,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">G. e u re k a</emphasis>
|
||
and the female from Utah as examples of what "is probably the true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252AFF85FF43EAF7741CA28D" box="[247,318,712,737]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blakei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EAF7252AFF85FF43EAF7741CA28D" box="[247,318,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="44">blakei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.” This determination was wrong, as McDunnough must later have realized, but no one pursued the matter further. These specimens remained intact just as McDunnough (Barnes’ curator) had left them. Their specific identity has remained somewhat of a puzzle without additional specimens coming to light, with the exception of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8847252AFF85FE3DEB7F74CCA336" box="[393,494,832,858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
female; this specimen was received in the 1950s by the senior author from Jim Manning, a butterfly collector of Boise, Idaho. Received as a papered specimen, it bore no data and it is merely assumed that the collection locality was at or near Boise. That region, like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D66252AFF85FBC5EBAF71E5A3C6" box="[1137,1223,912,938]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Grammia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eureka">Eureka</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Utah, is near the edge of the Great Basin, which may provide a clue to the species’ habitat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |