561 lines
145 KiB
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561 lines
145 KiB
XML
<document id="DA1ADB7AFB171694C9AB918E6184BF35" ID-CLB-Dataset="6496" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4966.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6b65401f-a006-4e87-a6ad-6ff47d9066ea" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4736511" ID-ZooBank="2D760A10-3FE2-4CC4-A21A-46051E684131" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1620117157191" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bick, Andreas & Armendáriz, Laura" docDate="2021" docId="0388879CF561FF87FF14F729FEDAF862" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4966.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4966 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Monroika clarae Bick & Armendáriz 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="192" masterDocId="FFB1FFE4F562FF82FF83F543FFB7FFBF" masterDocTitle="A new freshwater fabriciid species (Sabellida, Fabriciidae) from the Uruguay River, Argentina, with some remarks on the relationships of Monroika Hartman 1951, Manayunkia Bourne, 1884 and Brandtika Jones, 1974" masterLastPageNumber="201" masterPageNumber="187" pageNumber="190" updateTime="1702002722263" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="0B1CC15938BFA7830ABE093C3B610CA3">A new freshwater fabriciid species (Sabellida, Fabriciidae) from the Uruguay River, Argentina, with some remarks on the relationships of Monroika Hartman 1951, Manayunkia Bourne, 1884 and Brandtika Jones, 1974</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="23B39B724A04DB69C38107663E4FCB3C">Bick, Andreas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="17E0145020A3E2D88359DDCAD62EDDF6">Universität Rostock, Institut fuer Biowissenschaften, Allgemeine & Spezielle Zoologie, Universitaetsplatz 2, D- 18055 Rostock, Deutschland. andreas. bick @ uni-rostock. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2356 - 6106</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="51288C0688B05CB7FB2C80AA4E701265">Armendáriz, Laura</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A1BF34DA762ADEFADF03627FA1150F30">Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, UNLP, Avenida 122 y 60, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina & Instituto de Limnología, Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet “ (CONICET UNLP), CC 712, 1900, La Plata, Argentina. larmendariz @ ilpla. edu. ar; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6454 - 3499</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F561FF81FF14F729FED5FD3A" ID-CoL="8H8BN" authority="Bick & Armendáriz, 2021" authorityName="Bick & Armendáriz" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,354,618,645]" class="Polychaeta" family="Fabriciidae" genus="Monroika" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="clarae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B955EA98F561FF81FF14F729FED5FD3A" bold="true" box="[151,354,618,645]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Monroika clarae</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26657E3F561FF81FEEAF728FE70FD3A" box="[361,455,619,645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C33B6501F561FF81FF14F7CCFEBCFD16" box="[151,267,655,681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9E368AF561FF81FF14F7CCFEBCFD16" blockId="3.[151,455,618,681]" box="[151,267,655,681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FF1CF7CCFEB3FD16" box="[159,260,655,681]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStart-5="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionStartId-3="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionStartId-4="9.[151,250,1237,1261]" captionStartId-5="9.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox-0="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetBox-1="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetBox-3="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetBox-4="[198,1386,187,1204]" captionTargetBox-5="[184,1403,1466,1935]" captionTargetId-0="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetId-3="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetId-4="figure-19@9.[191,1395,181,1213]" captionTargetId-5="figure-150@9.[182,1406,1466,1936]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionTargetPageId-5="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the peristomium and chaetiger one. A. Anterior part of peristomium with strongly recessed faecal groove and paired nephridial ducts (14 µm basal of section 1H). B. Posterior part of peristomium with recessed faecal groove and unpaired nephridial duct (41 µm basal of section A). C. Anterior part of chaetiger one with sperm duct, metanephridia, formation site of chaetae and ventral nerve cord (36 µm basal of section B). D. Middle part of chaetiger one with sperm duct, metanephridia, chaetae and ventral nerve cord (27 µm basal of section C). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: ch chaetae, fg faecal groove, g gut, mn metanephridia, nc nerve cord, nd nephridial duct, sd sperm duct)." captionText-5="FIGURE 7. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A,B. Clusters of spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids in the coelomic cavity of posterior thoracic chaetigers. Scale bars A,B 10 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736530" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736532" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/4736530/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/4736532/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs 2–7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B955EA98F561FF81FF14F790FEC4FD54" box="[151,371,723,747]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Manayunkia speciosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B7BF561FF81FEF9F790FE41FD54" author="Leidy, J." box="[378,502,723,747]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" refId="ref9491" refString="Leidy, J. (1858) Manayunkia speciosa. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 10, 90." type="book" year="1858">Leidy, 1858</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0A80109BF561FF81FE7DF790FBF3FD54" author="Armendariz, L. C. & Paola, A. & Rodrigues Capitulo, A." box="[510,1092,723,747]" page="281" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B7BF561FF81FE7DF790FBF3FD54" author="Armendariz, L. C. & Paola, A. & Rodrigues Capitulo, A." box="[510,1092,723,747]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" pagination="281 - 284" refId="ref8100" refString="Armendariz, L. C., Paola, A. & Rodrigues Capitulo, A. (2011) Manayunkia speciosa Leidy (Polychaeta: Sabellidae): introduction of this nonindigenous species in the neotropical region (Uruguay River, South America). Biological Invasions, 13, 281 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10530 - 010 - 9838 - 0" type="journal article" year="2011">Armendáriz, Paola & Rodrigues Capítulo 2011: 281–284</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="8B9E368AF561FF81FF14F7B1FE62FC96" blockId="3.[151,1436,723,809]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B7BF561FF81FF14F7B1FD42FCB5" author="Armendariz, L. C. & Spaccesi, F. & Rodrigues Capitulo, A." box="[151,757,754,778]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" pagination="73 - 94" refId="ref8172" refString="Armendariz, L. C., Spaccesi, F. & Rodrigues Capitulo, A. (2012) An introduced polychaete in South America - Ecological affinities of Manayunkia speciosa (Polychaeta, Sabellidae) and the oligochaetes of Uruguay River, Argentina. In: Ali, M. (Ed.), Diversity of ecosystems. In Tech, London, pp. 73 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.5772 / 35852" type="book chapter" year="2012">Armendáriz, Spaccesi & Rodrigues Capítulo, 2012: 80–84</bibRefCitation>
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, 89–90 (
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<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FCCCF7B1FC24FCB5" box="[847,915,754,778]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FC1CF7B1FC6FFCB5" box="[927,984,754,778]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">5A,B</figureCitation>
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). Paola, Armendáriz, & Rodrigues Capítulo 2013: 521–529 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FEEEF653FE18FC96" box="[365,431,784,809]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FE39F652FE7FFC96" box="[442,456,785,809]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B6501F561FF81FF14F614FD27FBF5" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF561FF81FF14F614FF57FC2A" blockId="3.[151,1437,854,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B493CD7F561FF81FF14F614FF57FC2A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3118553301" collectingDate="2008-09" country="Argentina" elevation="2" latitude="-33.08675" location="Lower" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-58.373585" municipality="River" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F561FF81FF14F614FEBCFCCE" bold="true" box="[151,267,855,881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F561FF81FF14F614FEB1FCCE" box="[151,262,855,881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F336761AF561FF81FE92F614FE34FCCE" box="[273,387,855,881]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFE6051F561FF81FE0CF614FE6FFCCE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388879CF561FF87FF14F729FEDAF862:8EFE6051F561FF81FE0CF614FE6FFCCE" box="[399,472,855,881]" country="Argentina" latitude="-33.08675" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-58.373585" municipality="River" name="Lower" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Lower</location>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F336761AF561FF81FE63F614FDF5FCCE" box="[480,578,855,881]" name="Uruguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFAACF0F561FF81FDCAF614FD3EFCCE" box="[585,649,855,881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">River</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE15504DF561FF81FD16F614FC95FCCE" box="[661,802,854,881]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="5,205" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" precision="1" value="-33.08675">33° 5,205’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE15504DF561FF81FCB3F615FC63FCCE" box="[816,980,854,881]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="22,415" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" precision="1" value="-58.373585">58º 22,415’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FBA5F615FBDEFCCE" box="[1062,1129,854,881]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="m" value="1.5">
|
||
<elevation id="000CD1B9F561FF81FBA5F615FBDEFCCE" box="[1062,1129,854,881]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FF9F104AF561FF81FBF6F614FA9BFCCE" box="[1141,1324,855,881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" value="2008-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDBE9A2F561FF81FBF6F614FA9BFCCE" box="[1141,1324,855,881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" value="2008-09">September 2008</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(MLP-Oi 4207).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF561FF81FF44F6DCFAE2FC62" blockId="3.[151,1437,854,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B493CD7F561FF81FF44F6DCFDA4FC06" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3118553304" box="[199,531,927,953]" country="Argentina" location="Lower" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F561FF81FF44F6DCFEF1FC06" bold="true" box="[199,326,927,953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F561FF81FF44F6DCFEF6FC06" box="[199,321,927,953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F336761AF561FF81FECFF6DCFE09FC06" box="[332,446,927,953]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFE6051F561FF81FE49F6DCFDA4FC06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388879CF561FF87FF14F729FEDAF862:8EFE6051F561FF81FE49F6DCFDA4FC06" box="[458,531,927,953]" country="Argentina" name="Lower" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Lower</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B493CD7F561FF81FD99F6DCFAE2FC62" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3118553302" collectingDate="2008-09" collectionCode="ZSRO-P" country="Uruguay" elevation="2" latitude="-33.08675" location="River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-58.373585" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" specimenCode="ZSRO-P2651" specimenCount="30" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F336761AF561FF81FD99F6DCFDCBFC06" box="[538,636,927,953]" name="Uruguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
<location id="8EFE6051F561FF81FD00F6DCFD74FC06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388879CF561FF87FF14F729FEDAF862:8EFE6051F561FF81FD00F6DCFD74FC06" box="[643,707,927,953]" country="Uruguay" latitude="-33.08675" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-58.373585" name="River" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">River</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE15504DF561FF81FD4CF6DCFCEBFC06" box="[719,860,926,953]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="5,205" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" precision="1" value="-33.08675">33° 5,205’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE15504DF561FF81FCEAF6DDFBBAFC06" box="[873,1037,926,953]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="22,415" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" precision="1" value="-58.373585">58º 22,415’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FBDCF6DDFB65FC06" box="[1119,1234,926,953]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.5">
|
||
<elevation id="000CD1B9F561FF81FBDCF6DDFB65FC06" box="[1119,1234,926,953]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2.5 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9F104AF561FF81FB5DF6DCFA2FFC06" box="[1246,1432,927,953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" value="2008-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDBE9A2F561FF81FB5DF6DCFA2FFC06" box="[1246,1432,927,953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" value="2008-09">September 2008</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27FD03F561FF81FF14F680FE98FC62" box="[151,303,963,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="generic">17 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(MLP-Oi 4208),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27FD03F561FF81FE77F680FD3BFC62" box="[500,652,963,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="generic">12 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB879EF1F561FF81FD18F681FC8EFC62" box="[667,825,962,989]" collectionCode="ZSRO-P" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">ZSRO-P2651</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27FD03F561FF81FCCFF680FC7CFC62" box="[844,971,963,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(microscopic slides (ZSRO-2654).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF561FF81FF44F6A5FD27FBF5" blockId="3.[151,1437,854,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F561FF81FF44F6A5FE08FBBF" bold="true" box="[199,447,998,1024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Additional Material.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F336761AF561FF81FE44F6A4FD8EFBBE" box="[455,569,999,1025]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Lower
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B493CD7F561FF81FD1AF6A4FD3BFBF5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3118553305" country="Uruguay" elevation="5" location="River" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F336761AF561FF81FD1AF6A4FD4CFBBE" box="[665,763,999,1025]" name="Uruguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
<location id="8EFE6051F561FF81FC86F6A4FCF2FBBE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388879CF561FF87FF14F729FEDAF862:8EFE6051F561FF81FC86F6A4FCF2FBBE" box="[773,837,999,1025]" country="Uruguay" latitude="-33.124016" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-58.420033" name="River" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">River</location>
|
||
, 33° 5,018’ S to 33º 7,441’ S, 58° 12,647’ W to 58º 25,202’ W, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FEDDF149FE51FB9A" box="[350,486,1034,1061]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" metricValueMax="9.6" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="m" value="5.05" valueMax="9.6" valueMin="0.5">
|
||
<elevation id="000CD1B9F561FF81FEDDF149FE51FB9A" box="[350,486,1034,1061]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" metricValueMax="9.6" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="m" value="5.05" valueMax="9.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5 to 9.6 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(MACN-In 37788) and (MLP-ZI-Oi 1384 (ex 6800)) (not studied here but collected from the same locality and at the same time)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B6501F561FF81FF44F111FE7AFA0E" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF561FF81FF44F111FE7AFA0E" blockId="3.[151,1437,854,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F561FF81FF44F111FEF5FBD3" bold="true" box="[199,322,1106,1132]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Eight thoracic and two abdominal chaetigers. Pectinated radioles present, i.e. radioles asymmetrically branched. Unbranched vascularized ventral filamentous appendages present. Dorsal lips erect, rounded. Anterior margin of anterior peristomial ring developed as a low membranous collar, clearly visible only ventrally, and narrowly separated middorsally; ciliated band ventrally on the posterior margin of the anterior peristomial ring. Border between anterior and posterior peristomial rings not discernible except in the area of the ciliated band at the posterior margin of the anterior peristomial ring. Inferior thoracic notochaetae on chaetigers 2–8 narrowly hooded. Thoracic uncini of chaetigers 2–5(6?) or 2–8 (likely sexual dimorphism) with one larger tooth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth. Abdominal uncini with one single proximal large central tooth surmounted distally by about 5 rows of equal-sized teeth, manubrium about twice as long as dentate region. Peristomial eyes black, pygidial eyes absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B6501F561FF87FF44F0F9FCA2FC1A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="192" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF561FF81FF44F0F9FDE2F936" blockId="3.[151,1437,854,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F561FF81FF44F0F9FEEEFA6B" bold="true" box="[199,345,1466,1492]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Complete specimens with eight thoracic and two abdominal chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FB22F0F8FB49FA6A" box="[1185,1278,1467,1493]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Total length of the specimens, including radiolar crown, between 1.1 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FCD6F09CFC1AFA46" box="[853,941,1503,1529]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F561FF81FC3EF09CFB96FA46" box="[957,1057,1503,1529]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FBA9F09CFB33FA46" box="[1066,1156,1503,1529]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FB54F09CFA83FA46" box="[1239,1332,1503,1529]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
), and the width between 0.08 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FE36F340FDABF9A2" box="[437,540,1539,1565]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="0.19">0.19 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F561FF81FDAEF340FD26F9A2" box="[557,657,1539,1565]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FD18F340FCB4F9A2" box="[667,771,1539,1565]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="0.19">0.19 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FCDBF340FC77F9A2" box="[856,960,1539,1565]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FC59F340FB8DF9A2" box="[986,1082,1539,1565]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FBCAF340FB3FF9A2" box="[1097,1160,1539,1565]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">3A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Length of the radiolar crown between 0.19 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FE2DF364FDA5F9FE" box="[430,530,1575,1601]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F561FF81FD9CF364FD34F9FE" box="[543,643,1575,1601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FD09F364FD58F9FE" box="[650,751,1575,1601]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="0.37">0.37 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FCBDF364FC12F9FE" box="[830,933,1575,1601]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="0.27">0.27 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Ratio between length of radiolar crown and body length between 0.14 and 0.22 (exceptionally
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FD4DF309FC83F9DA" box="[718,820,1610,1637]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F561FF81FCC3F308FC15F9DA" box="[832,930,1611,1637]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
0.21, mean
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF561FF81FBAFF308FB23F9DA" box="[1068,1172,1611,1637]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Body slender, slightly tapering posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FE01F32CFE4EF936" box="[386,505,1647,1673]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs 2A,C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FD86F32CFDFEF936" box="[517,585,1647,1673]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">3D–F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF561FF86FF44F3D0FA2FFE12" blockId="3.[151,1437,854,2033]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,150,681]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="191" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">
|
||
The radiolar crown is composed of three pairs of radioles and one pair of unbranched vascularized ventral filamentous appendages (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FE35F3F4FD99F96E" box="[438,558,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs 2A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FDB8F3F4FDCEF96E" box="[571,633,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">3A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FD05F3F4FD78F96E" box="[646,719,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">4A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The radiolar lobes are completely separated from one another (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FF23F398FEA9F94A" box="[160,286,1754,1781]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Fig. 5D–H</figureCitation>
|
||
). The surface of the radioles and especially of the ventral filamentous appendages are wrinkled (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FAE8F398FF0DF8A6" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FF46F3BCFEB1F8A6" box="[197,262,1791,1817]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">4A,D</figureCitation>
|
||
). First the dorsal radioles branch off from the branchial lobe, then the median and then the ventral radioles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FF1CF260FF4CF882" box="[159,251,1827,1853]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FE85F261FEE7F882" box="[262,336,1826,1853]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">5A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ventral and the median radioles are asymmetrical branched or pectinated, the dorsal radioles are unbranched (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FED6F204FE7AF8DE" box="[341,461,1863,1889]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs 4B,C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FE59F205FD94F8DE" box="[474,547,1862,1889]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">5A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ventral radioles have a total of 5 (left radiole) and 7 (right radiole), and the median radioles a total of 4 (left radiole) and 5 (right radiole) branches (only
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27FD03F561FF81FBC0F228FB69F83A" box="[1091,1246,1899,1925]" pageId="3" pageNumber="190" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
examined) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FAECF228FF0BF816" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). There are no morphological differences in the structure of the various branches of the radiolar crown, except the ventral filamentous appendages (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FDBDF2F0FD2BF872" box="[574,668,1971,1997]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FD2FF2F1FD5CF872" box="[684,747,1970,1997]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">5A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
). These appendages and almost all branches of the radioles end at about the same height (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FE72F294FDE7F84E" box="[497,592,2007,2033]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FDDEF294FD2CF84E" box="[605,667,2007,2033]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">3A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF561FF81FD2AF294FCB2F84E" box="[681,773,2007,2033]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="190">4A,C,D</figureCitation>
|
||
). All branches of the radioles and the vascularized ventral filamentous appendages are rectangular to square in cross-section and have an extension of about 15–20 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF566FF86FAD5F5D4FF0AFF6A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" unit="mm" value="23.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="18.0">18–28 µm</quantity>
|
||
and of about 30–35 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF566FF86FE40F5F8FD8DFF6A" box="[451,570,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" unit="mm" value="34.5" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="32.0">32–37 µm</quantity>
|
||
, respectively (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FD63F5F8FC8AFF6A" box="[736,829,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Figs 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FCC8F5F9FC38FF6A" box="[843,911,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">5A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). There is a clearly visible blood vessel in the ventral filamentous appendages (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FD84F59CFDC9FF46" box="[519,638,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Fig. 5A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The epidermis of the radioles consists adorally of ciliated and aborally of non-ciliated epithelial cells. The ciliated cells constitute the shallow or even convex food groove of the radioles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FF1CF464FF4CFEFE" box="[159,251,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Figs 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FE84F465FEE7FEFE" box="[263,336,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">5A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The lateral cilia of the food groove are clearly longer than the median cilia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FB3BF464FAA6FEFE" box="[1208,1297,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The center of all branches of the radioles is occupied by a large cavity bordered by a narrow band of cells. This is followed by a thin layer of an extracellular matrix (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FDC6F42CFD76FE36" box="[581,705,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Fig. 5A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The dorsal lips are developed as triangular lobes, rounded at the upper margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FEBFF4D0FE20FE12" box="[316,407,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Figs 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FE20F4D1FE72FE12" box="[419,453,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">5E</figureCitation>
|
||
). They have a length of about
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF566FF86FC9AF4D0FC12FE12" box="[793,933,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20 to 30 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Ventral lips or lip-like processes are absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF566FF86FF44F4F4FBB2FD16" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">
|
||
The peristomium consists of an anterior and a posterior ring. The anterior ring is distinctly shorter than the posterior ring (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FEC0F498FE2AFE4A" box="[323,413,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The anterior margin of the anterior peristomial ring is developed as a low membranous collar, clearly visible only ventrally, and narrowly separated middorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FC51F4BCFBFFFDA6" box="[978,1096,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Figs 3A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FBD7F4BCFB23FDA6" box="[1108,1172,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">4A,D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FB23F4BDFB57FDA6" box="[1184,1248,510,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">5G,H</figureCitation>
|
||
). A ciliated band is present ventrally on the posterior margin of the anterior peristomial ring (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FC69F760FBF1FD82" box="[1002,1094,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FBD1F760FBC0FD82" box="[1106,1143,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FB01F761FB1FFD82" box="[1154,1192,546,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">5H</figureCitation>
|
||
). The border between the anterior and posterior peristomial rings is not discernible except in the area of the ciliated band. One pair of black peristomial eyes is present. The spermathecae of the females are also distinctly pigmented. They are located in the anterior peristomial ring, and could be misinterpreted as a second pair of eyes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5E6602F566FF86FF14F3FAFC33F8A5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" startId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" targetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF566FF86FF14F3FAFC33F8A5" blockId="4.[151,1437,1721,1818]" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F566FF86FF14F3FAFEA4F96D" bold="true" box="[151,275,1721,1746]" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F566FF86FE99F3F9FE73F96D" authority="Bick & Armendáriz, 2021" authorityName="Bick & Armendáriz" authorityYear="2021" box="[282,452,1722,1746]" class="Polychaeta" family="Fabriciidae" genus="Monroika" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="clarae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F566FF86FE99F3F9FE73F96D" box="[282,452,1722,1746]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Monroika clarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F566FF86FE49F3F9FDACF96D" bold="true" box="[458,539,1722,1746]" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26657E3F566FF86FE49F3F9FDACF96D" box="[458,539,1722,1746]" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF566FF86FF44F22FFCF0F871" blockId="4.[151,1436,1900,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">
|
||
The faecal groove is dorsally deeply sunken in the peristomial region, and becomes considerably lower in the area of the first and the following chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FD1EF2D3FD4CF815" box="[669,763,1936,1962]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Figs 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FC8BF2D3FC9AF815" box="[776,813,1936,1962]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,181,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[151,1436,181,1618]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Arrangements of branches of radioles on radiolar crown. A. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, ventrolateral view. B. Arrangement of branches of the radiolar crown. The background colours indicate the branching of the radioles belonging to each other and their pattern in a folded radiolar crown. C. Semi-schematic diagram of radioles branching (same specimen as shown in B). D. SEM micrograph of the radiolar crown, dorsal view (some radioles broken off and in regeneration). (abbr: l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, l vvf left ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, r radioles, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, r vvf right ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736526/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FCBAF2D3FC35F814" box="[825,898,1936,1963]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1237,1261]" captionTargetBox="[198,1386,187,1204]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[191,1395,181,1213]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the peristomium and chaetiger one. A. Anterior part of peristomium with strongly recessed faecal groove and paired nephridial ducts (14 µm basal of section 1H). B. Posterior part of peristomium with recessed faecal groove and unpaired nephridial duct (41 µm basal of section A). C. Anterior part of chaetiger one with sperm duct, metanephridia, formation site of chaetae and ventral nerve cord (36 µm basal of section B). D. Middle part of chaetiger one with sperm duct, metanephridia, chaetae and ventral nerve cord (27 µm basal of section C). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: ch chaetae, fg faecal groove, g gut, mn metanephridia, nc nerve cord, nd nephridial duct, sd sperm duct)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736530/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">6A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). It shifts from the dorsal midline to the ventral midline at the border between thorax and abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FD63F2F7FC8CF871" box="[736,827,1972,1998]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF566FF87FF44F29BFC1EFF69" blockId="4.[151,1436,1900,2035]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="192" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">
|
||
The metanephridia are located in the peristomium and the first chaetiger (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF566FF86FB83F29BFBF2F84C" box="[1024,1093,2008,2035]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1237,1261]" captionTargetBox="[198,1386,187,1204]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[191,1395,181,1213]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the peristomium and chaetiger one. A. Anterior part of peristomium with strongly recessed faecal groove and paired nephridial ducts (14 µm basal of section 1H). B. Posterior part of peristomium with recessed faecal groove and unpaired nephridial duct (41 µm basal of section A). C. Anterior part of chaetiger one with sperm duct, metanephridia, formation site of chaetae and ventral nerve cord (36 µm basal of section B). D. Middle part of chaetiger one with sperm duct, metanephridia, chaetae and ventral nerve cord (27 µm basal of section C). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: ch chaetae, fg faecal groove, g gut, mn metanephridia, nc nerve cord, nd nephridial duct, sd sperm duct)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736530/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="191">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The nephridial duct is paired first and then becomes unpaired. The nephroporus is located between the basal radiolar lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FB46F5D4FA97FF0E" box="[1221,1312,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1601,1625]" captionTargetBox="[299,1289,185,1576]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[291,1297,181,1577]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the radiolar crown A. Branches of three pairs of radioles and one pair of ventral vascularized filamentous appendage, all separated. B. Branches of right ventral and left median radioles start to fuse with one another (21 µm basal of section A). C. Fusion of the branches of radioles continues (20 µm basal of section B). D. Branches of ventral and median radioles completely fused, left and right dorsal radioles still separated (27 µm basal of section C). E. All radioles fused to radiolar lobes except the right dorsal radiole, dorsal lips visible (9 µm basal of section D). F. Radiolar lobes, vascularized ventral filament appendages and dorsal lips fused with one another (12 µm basal of section E). G. Base of the radiolar lobes, and ventral extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (31 µm basal of section F). H. Base of the radiolar lobes, nephroporus, and ventral and dorsal extension (collar) of the anterior peristomial ring (15 µm basal of section G). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: br base of radiolar lobe, d dorsal, d aprl dorsal anterior peristomial ring lobe, dl dorsal lips, dr dorsal radiole, l dr left dorsal radiole, l mr left median radiole, l vr left ventral radiole, np nephropore, r dr right dorsal radiole, r mr right median radiole, r vr right ventral radiole, v ventral, v aprl ventral anterior peristomial ring lobe, vvf ventral vascularized filamentous appendages)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736528/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
|
||
). In males, the sperm duct is located directly under the faecal groove (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FCABF5F8FC2BFF69" box="[808,924,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1237,1261]" captionTargetBox="[198,1386,187,1204]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[191,1395,181,1213]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Monroika clarae sp. nov. Semithin sections (1 µm) of the peristomium and chaetiger one. A. Anterior part of peristomium with strongly recessed faecal groove and paired nephridial ducts (14 µm basal of section 1H). B. Posterior part of peristomium with recessed faecal groove and unpaired nephridial duct (41 µm basal of section A). C. Anterior part of chaetiger one with sperm duct, metanephridia, formation site of chaetae and ventral nerve cord (36 µm basal of section B). D. Middle part of chaetiger one with sperm duct, metanephridia, chaetae and ventral nerve cord (27 µm basal of section C). Scale bars A–H 50 µm (abbr: ch chaetae, fg faecal groove, g gut, mn metanephridia, nc nerve cord, nd nephridial duct, sd sperm duct)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736530/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Fig. 6C,D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF567FF87FF44F59CFD86FE12" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
The first chaetiger is slightly shorter than the peristomium and the second chaetiger, chaetigers 3–6 or 7 are each successively longer, chaetigers 6 or 7 and 8 are about the same length. First chaetigers wider than long, and last 2 or 3 thoracic chaetigers distinctly longer than wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FD63F464FC89FEFE" box="[736,830,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Figs 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FCC9F464FC3EFEFE" box="[842,905,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">3A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal chaetigers short, abdomen in total shorter than the last thoracic chaetiger. Pygidium of about same length as chaetiger 10, terminating as rounded lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FF1CF42CFEA1FE36" box="[159,278,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Figs 2A,C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FEA0F42CFED1FE36" box="[291,358,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">3D–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pygidial eyes are absent. The border between chaetigers is sometimes indistinct, especially on the posterior chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FE2FF4D0FD93FE12" box="[428,548,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Fig. 3D–F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF567FF87FF44F4F4FB2EFC3E" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
First chaetiger with about 1–3 short, and 2–4 elongate, narrowly hooded notochaetae (not discernible in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F567FF87FF14F498FF49FE49" box="[151,254,475,502]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Neuropodial uncini are absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FD04F498FD48FE4A" box="[647,767,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Fig. 3A,B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Notopodia of chaetigers 2–8 superiorly with about 3–5 elongate and inferiorly with 2–3 short narrowly hooded chaetae (
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F567FF87FCEFF4BCFC67FDA6" box="[876,976,511,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with 3-4 elongate and 2–3 short chaetae) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FF1CF760FF43FD82" box="[159,244,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Figs 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FF7DF760FE88FD82" box="[254,319,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">3G,H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Neuropodia of chaetigers 2–6 or 2–8 with 2-4 (rarely 5) uncini with one large tooth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth (
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F567FF87FDA4F704FD3CFDDE" box="[551,651,583,609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with 2–3 uncini). The single large tooth is slightly offset in relation to the main fang (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FEC0F728FE16FD3A" box="[323,417,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FE2DF728FE6DFD3A" box="[430,474,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">3I,J</figureCitation>
|
||
). In a number of specimens, transitional uncini were found on the chaetigers 7 and 8 that were distinctly different from the thoracic uncini on chaetigers 2–6. There are usually 3 transitional uncini at the position of the regular neuropodial uncini. A clear main fang is not present here. Instead, there are a multitude of rows of small, equal-sized teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FDAAF794FD2CFD4E" box="[553,667,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Fig. 3K,L</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal neuropodia with 1-3 elongate narrowly hooded chaetae (
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F567FF87FF1CF7B8FEB4FCAA" box="[159,259,763,789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with 3 chaetae on chaetiger 9 and 2 on chaetiger 10), and abdominal notopodia with 10–17 uncini on chaetiger 9, and 5–15 uncini on chaetiger 10 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F567FF87FD24F65CFCBCFC86" box="[679,779,799,825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with 12(?) and 8 uncini, respectively). Abdominal uncini with one single large central tooth proximally surmounted distally by about 5–6 rows of equal-sized teeth, about 3–5 teeth per row (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FEB9F624FE23FC3E" box="[314,404,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1721,1745]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,716,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-300@4.[151,1436,705,1698]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Total view of a complete specimen. B. Anterior end, ventro-lateral view. C. Posterior end, dorsal view. D. Thoracic uncinus, lateral view. E. Abdominal uncinus, lateral view. F. Short and elongate, narrowly hooded thoracic chaetae. Scale bars. A 200 µm, B,C 100 µm, D,E 5 µm, F 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736522/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Figs 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FE23F624FE53FC3E" box="[416,484,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">3N–P</figureCitation>
|
||
). The manubrium is about twice as long as the dentate region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF567FF87FF44F6C8FCA2FC1A" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,789,907,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Fixed specimens have no conspicuous pigmentation.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B6501F567FF87FF44F6ECFC74F9B6" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF567FF87FF44F6ECFD60FB1E" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FF44F6ECFE8CFC76" bold="true" box="[199,315,943,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
These specimens have characters that allow a clear assignment of this new species to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FF14F690FEB3FC52" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1951" box="[151,260,979,1005]" class="Polychaeta" family="Fabriciidae" genus="Monroika" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FF14F690FEB3FC52" box="[151,260,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Monroika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These are mainly the presence of asymmetrically branched radioles, unbranched vascularized ventral filamentous appendages and two abdominal chaetigers. To this genus belongs only one species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FA8FF6B4FA22FBAE" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1939" box="[1292,1429,1015,1041]" class="Polychaeta" family="Fabriciidae" genus="Manayunkia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="africana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FA8FF6B4FA22FBAE" box="[1292,1429,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">M. africana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FF14F158FEE2FB8A" authority="Bick & Armendáriz, 2021" authorityName="Bick & Armendáriz" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,341,1051,1077]" class="Polychaeta" family="Fabriciidae" genus="Monroika" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="clarae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FF14F158FEE2FB8A" box="[151,341,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Monroika clarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FEDEF158FE0EFB8A" bold="true" box="[349,441,1051,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26657E3F567FF87FEDEF158FE0EFB8A" box="[349,441,1051,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs clearly from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FD25F158FC9BFB8A" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1939" box="[678,812,1051,1077]" class="Polychaeta" family="Fabriciidae" genus="Manayunkia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="africana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FD25F158FC9BFB8A" box="[678,812,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">M. africana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of pseudospatulate chaetae on thoracic chaetigers. They are present on chaetigers 2 or
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FD32F17DFD4EFBE6" box="[689,761,1086,1113]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="0.762" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="in" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FC82F17CFC30FBE6" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1939" box="[769,903,1087,1113]" class="Polychaeta" family="Fabriciidae" genus="Manayunkia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="africana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FC82F17CFC30FBE6" box="[769,903,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">M. africana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B7BF567FF87FC14F17CFB88FBE6" author="Fitzhugh, K." box="[919,1087,1087,1113]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" pagination="116 - 131" refId="ref9146" refString="Fitzhugh, K. (1992) On the systematic position of Monroika africana (Monro) (Polychaeta: Sabellidae: Fabriciinae) and a description of a new fabriciin genus and species from Australia. Proceedings of the biological Society of Washington, 105, 116 - 131." type="journal article" year="1992">Fitzhugh 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B7BF567FF87FBCFF17CFB79FBE6" author="Jones, M. L." box="[1100,1230,1087,1113]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" pagination="217 - 230" refId="ref9439" refString="Jones, M. L. (1974) Brandtika asiatica new genus, new species, from southeastern Asia and a redescription of Monroika africana (Monro) (Polychaeta: Sabellidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 87 (20), 217 - 230." type="journal article" year="1974">Jones 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FAFDF17CFF41FBC2" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1939" class="Polychaeta" family="Fabriciidae" genus="Manayunkia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="africana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FAFDF17CFF41FBC2" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">M. africana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses 3–5 radiolar branches and 18–41 abdominal uncini whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FB90F120FB37FBC2" authority="Bick & Armendáriz, 2021" authorityName="Bick & Armendáriz" authorityYear="2021" box="[1043,1152,1123,1149]" class="Polychaeta" family="Fabriciidae" genus="Monroika" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="clarae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FB90F120FB37FBC2" box="[1043,1152,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">M. clarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FB04F120FB56FBC2" bold="true" box="[1159,1249,1123,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26657E3F567FF87FB04F120FB56FBC2" box="[1159,1249,1123,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has 4–7 radiolar branches and 5–17 uncini on abdominal chaetigers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF567FF87FF44F1E8FA35FAEA" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
A total of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27FD03F567FF87FEBFF1E8FE53FB7A" box="[316,484,1195,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="generic">360 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were found in the Lower
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F336761AF567FF87FC8CF1E8FCC6FB7A" box="[783,881,1195,1221]" name="Uruguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
River but only 35 individuals were available for this study. Fifteen specimens were studied earlier by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B7BF567FF87FD78F18CFC63FB56" author="Paola, A. & Armendariz, L. C. & Rodrigues Capitulo, A." box="[763,980,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" pagination="521 - 529" refId="ref9754" refString="Paola, A., Armendariz, L. C. & Rodrigues Capitulo, A. (2013) External ultrastructure of Manayunkia speciosa (Fabriciidae) from Uruguay River, Argentina. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 84, 521 - 529. https: // doi. org / 10.7550 / rmb. 31908" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Paola
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FCC0F18CFCC1FB56" box="[835,886,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, the presence of 3 abdominal chaetigers was not correctly described in this paper, because their
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FC0FF1B0FC78FAB2" box="[908,975,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
clearly shows that only 2 chaetigers are present. Their specimens were slightly larger than those we examined: mean total length was
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FB30F054FABDFA8E" box="[1203,1290,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
compared to
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FF14F078FF58FAEA" box="[151,239,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, mean width 0.24 rather than
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FDBEF078FD14FAEA" box="[573,675,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
|
||
, and mean length of radiolar crown
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FBBBF078FB2BFAEA" box="[1080,1180,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="0.37">0.37 mm</quantity>
|
||
instead of
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FA94F078FAC9FAEA" box="[1303,1406,1339,1365]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="0.27">0.27 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF567FF87FF44F01CFC74F9B6" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
Transitional uncini on chaetigers 7 and 8 were found in some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FBA1F01CFB26FAC6" authority="Bick & Armendáriz, 2021" authorityName="Bick & Armendáriz" authorityYear="2021" box="[1058,1169,1375,1401]" class="Polychaeta" family="Fabriciidae" genus="Monroika" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="clarae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FBA1F01CFB26FAC6" box="[1058,1169,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">M. clarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FB1BF01CFB44FAC6" bold="true" box="[1176,1267,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26657E3F567FF87FB1BF01CFB44FAC6" box="[1176,1267,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FA80F01CFAC1FAC6" box="[1283,1398,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetId="figure-19@6.[201,1387,181,1700]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A. Anterior end, dorsolateral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Tip of radiole. D. Posterior end in tube, lateral view. E,F. Posterior end, dorsal view. G. Narrowly hooded notochaetae of chaetiger 2. H. Parapodium of chaetiger 5. I. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, lateral view. J. Thoracic uncini with larger teeth above main fang followed by series of smaller teeth, frontal view. K. Parapodium of chaetiger 7, with uncini with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. L. Thoracic uncini of chaetiger 7 with series of equal-sized smaller teeth above main fang. M. Narrowly hooded neurochaetae of chaetiger 10. N. Abdominal notopodium with 14 uncini, frontal view. O. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, lateral view. P. Abdominal uncini with a single large tooth proximally surmounted distally by rows of equal-sized teeth, frontal view. Scale bars A,B,D,E 100 µm, C,G,I–M,O 10 µm, F,H 50 µm, N 20 µm, P 2 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Fig. 3K,L</figureCitation>
|
||
). A main fang is absent on these uncini, but a multitude of rows of small, equal-sized teeth are present. However, these uncini were not found in all specimens, so that a sexual dimorphism might be present (see Discussion). Furthermore, it is not certain whether these uncini start at chaetiger 7 or already at chaetiger 6. The corresponding uncini at chaetiger 6 were broken off at this chaetiger in all examined individuals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B6501F567FF87FF44F350FAB7F9CA" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF567FF87FF44F350FE21F9EE" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FF44F350FEF9F992" bold="true" box="[199,334,1555,1581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is named after Clara, the granddaughter of the first author (AB), who will start studying biochemistry this year.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF567FF87FF44F319FAB7F9CA" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,1280,1626,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FF44F319FE58F9CB" bold="true" box="[199,495,1626,1652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B493CD7F567FF87FE75F318FB8FF9CA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3118553303" box="[502,1080,1627,1653]" country="Uruguay" location="Lower" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" specimenCount="1">
|
||
Known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A8828F567FF87FD6CF318FCA8F9CA" box="[751,799,1627,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality,
|
||
<location id="8EFE6051F567FF87FC05F318FC78F9CA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388879CF561FF87FF14F729FEDAF862:8EFE6051F567FF87FC05F318FC78F9CA" box="[902,975,1627,1653]" country="Uruguay" name="Lower" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Lower</location>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F336761AF567FF87FC55F318FB8FF9CA" box="[982,1080,1627,1653]" name="Uruguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
River,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F336761AF567FF87FB0AF318FB4BF9CA" box="[1161,1276,1627,1653]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B6501F567FF87FF44F33DFEDAF862" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF567FF87FF44F33DFD81F8BA" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FF44F33DFE90F927" bold="true" box="[199,295,1662,1688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
In the material used for this study and consisting of 35 individuals there was
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27FD03F567FF87FB00F33CFB49F926" box="[1155,1278,1663,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
in a tube with
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27FD03F567FF87FF14F3E0FEB9F902" box="[151,270,1699,1725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" type="egg">three eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
. These were 160 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FE6BF3E0FDF7F902" box="[488,576,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="118.0">118 µm</quantity>
|
||
, 163 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FD17F3E0FD5AF902" box="[660,749,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="109.0">109 µm</quantity>
|
||
, and 170 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FCF2F3E0FC7DF902" box="[881,970,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1199999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="112.0">112 µm</quantity>
|
||
, and on average 164 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FB4CF3E0FA91F902" box="[1231,1318,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="mm" value="113.0">113 µm</quantity>
|
||
in size. In one damaged male, SEM examinations revealed large clusters of gametes at various stages of development in the posterior thoracic chaetigers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FE67F3A8FD9FF8BA" box="[484,552,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1959,1983]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,1466,1935]" captionTargetId="figure-150@9.[182,1406,1466,1936]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Monroika clarae sp. nov. A,B. Clusters of spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids in the coelomic cavity of posterior thoracic chaetigers. Scale bars A,B 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736532/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E368AF567FF87FF44F24CFEDAF862" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FF44F24CFE9BF896" bold="true" box="[199,300,1807,1833]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species was found mainly in calm areas with aquatic vegetation and high organic matter content. The highest abundance was 2,890 ind.
|
||
<superScript id="7C549BC2F567FF87FDCDF270FDC4F8FF" attach="left" box="[590,627,1842,1869]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">m-2</superScript>
|
||
, and average abundances were recorded at site S7 with 523 ind.
|
||
<superScript id="7C549BC2F567FF87FADBF270FACAF8FF" attach="left" box="[1368,1405,1842,1869]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
m-
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FAF7F271FACAF8FF" box="[1396,1405,1842,1856]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="in" value="2.0">2</quantity>
|
||
</superScript>
|
||
in
|
||
<date id="FF9F104AF567FF87FF14F214FEF8F8CE" box="[151,335,1879,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" value="2008-11">November 2008</date>
|
||
, and at site S3 with 517 ind.
|
||
<superScript id="7C549BC2F567FF87FD04F214FD1BF8DB" attach="left" box="[647,684,1878,1905]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">
|
||
m-
|
||
<quantity id="4CD99B6FF567FF87FD20F215FD1BF8DB" box="[675,684,1878,1892]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" unit="in" value="2.0">2</quantity>
|
||
</superScript>
|
||
in
|
||
<date id="FF9F104AF567FF87FD4CF214FCF6F8CE" box="[719,833,1879,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" value="2008-06">June 2008</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A2A0FF567FF87FCD3F214FC26F8CE" box="[848,913,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,987,1011]" captionTargetBox="[156,1437,349,962]" captionTargetId="figure-82@2.[151,1437,345,964]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of the study area in the Lower Uruguay River, Argentina, with sampling sites (modified from Paola et al. 2013), and photos of sampling sites 3 and 7." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4736518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4736518/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The main companion taxa were the mollusks
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FF14F238FEC9F82A" baseAuthorityName="R.W.Dunker" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[151,382,1915,1941]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Limnoperna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fortunei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FF14F238FEC9F82A" box="[151,382,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Limnoperna fortunei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FE09F238FDD5F82A" baseAuthorityName="O.F.Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[394,610,1915,1941]" class="Bivalvia" family="Cyrenidae" genus="Corbicula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Veneroida" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluminea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FE09F238FDD5F82A" box="[394,610,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Corbicula fluminea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(both are invasive species in America),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FB95F238FB14F82A" box="[1046,1187,1915,1941]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Heleobia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FB95F238FBCAF82A" box="[1046,1149,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Heleobia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FB2DF238FADDF82A" box="[1198,1386,1915,1941]" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Potamolithus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FB2DF238FAF4F82A" box="[1198,1347,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Potamolithus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and also oligochaetes, ostracods and insects (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FDE3F2DCFCB2F806" box="[608,773,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chironomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FC93F2DCFCDAF806" authorityName="Curtis" authorityYear="1830" box="[784,877,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Elmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Elmidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C214D09F567FF87FC20F2DCFBADF806" box="[931,1050,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Caenidae" genus="Caenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FC20F2DCFC46F806" box="[931,1009,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">Caenis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). For more details see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B7BF567FF87FA95F2DCFEAEF862" author="Armendariz, L. C. & Paola, A. & Rodrigues Capitulo, A." pageId="5" pageNumber="192" pagination="281 - 284" refId="ref8100" refString="Armendariz, L. C., Paola, A. & Rodrigues Capitulo, A. (2011) Manayunkia speciosa Leidy (Polychaeta: Sabellidae): introduction of this nonindigenous species in the neotropical region (Uruguay River, South America). Biological Invasions, 13, 281 - 284. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10530 - 010 - 9838 - 0" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Armendáriz
|
||
<emphasis id="B955EA98F567FF87FF14F280FF78F862" box="[151,207,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="192">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB04B7BF567FF87FEA7F280FED6F862" author="Armendariz, L. C. & Spaccesi, F. & Rodrigues Capitulo, A." box="[292,353,1987,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="192" pagination="73 - 94" refId="ref8172" refString="Armendariz, L. C., Spaccesi, F. & Rodrigues Capitulo, A. (2012) An introduced polychaete in South America - Ecological affinities of Manayunkia speciosa (Polychaeta, Sabellidae) and the oligochaetes of Uruguay River, Argentina. In: Ali, M. (Ed.), Diversity of ecosystems. In Tech, London, pp. 73 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.5772 / 35852" type="book chapter" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |