795 lines
94 KiB
XML
795 lines
94 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="694813FF84D97A6B6F99EDDDB738C18E">A Taxonomic Revision of Arapatiella (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae): An Endemic and Threatened Genus from the Brazilian Coast</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BDC8137F7214B2D40B3726E766682E70">Rodrigues, Ana Tereza Novaes Parga</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A0902D3647B2B1B84B1F360ABE7ECA0D">Falcão, Marcus José De Azevedo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7C15CFBF0296158F164A4AE41A2707FB">Mansano, Vidal De Freitas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B38F43E3B4DA561ACCA62A2D7466D1A4">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03871557FFAA624BFF639155FA49FBA6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8221924" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212425103" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8221924" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03871557FFAA624BFF639155FA49FBA6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03871557FFAA624BFF639155FA49FBA6" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">
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<subSubSection id="C334F7CAFFAA6241FF639155FAB1FECA" box="[136,1363,352,379]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAA6241FF639155FAB1FECA" blockId="3.[136,1363,352,379]" box="[136,1363,352,379]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">
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<heading id="D0D9132DFFAA6241FF639155FAB1FECA" box="[136,1363,352,379]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" reason="3">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8F8250FFAA6241FF639155FB53FECA" author="Harms" box="[136,1201,352,379]" issue="39" journal="Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington" page="447" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" score="56.5648924641664" volume="86" year="1973">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAA6241FF639155FCA4FECA" ID-CoL="G5TS" ID-ENA="323100" authority="(Harms) R. S. Cowan. Proc. Biol. Soc." baseAuthorityName="Harms" box="[136,838,352,379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FF639155FE6CFECB" bold="true" box="[136,398,352,379]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
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||
(Harms) R. S. Cowan. Proc. Biol. Soc.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EA6AA3FFAA6241FCA79155FC33FECA" box="[844,977,352,378]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Washington</collectingRegion>
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86(39): 447 (1973)
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</treatmentCitation>
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. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315B8C4FFAA6241FB289155FAA8FECA" box="[1219,1354,352,378]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="4.[137,240,1919,1943]" captionStartId-1="5.[137,240,1919,1943]" captionStartId-2="6.[137,240,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox-0="[222,1367,201,1874]" captionTargetBox-1="[214,1371,189,1895]" captionTargetBox-2="[183,1404,189,1896]" captionTargetId-0="figure-24@4.[211,1377,183,1890]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@5.[214,1373,189,1896]" captionTargetId-2="figure-24@6.[183,1404,189,1896]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. A–B. A. psilophylla var. emarginata; C–P. A. psilophylla var. psilophylla. A. Leaf and stipule; B. Detail of leaflet apex; C. Leaf and stipule with young leaf emerging; D. Detail of leaflet apex; E. Detail of the stipule; F. Inflorescence; G. Flower bud; H. Flower; I. Detail of hypanthium with gynoecium; J Detail of the calyx; K. Petal; L. Anther; M Detail of the carpel; N. Detail of the stigma; O. Fruit; P. Seed.A–B. Pinheiro 1548; C–D. Santos 729; E. Amorim 1402; F–G; I–N. Aona 2304; H. Mansano 2022-6; O–P. Amorim 2641. Drawn by Marcus Falcão." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Arapatiella psilophylla var. psilophylla. A. Habit. B. Detail of the trunk. C. Detail of the pair of stipules. D. Flowers and young fruits. E. Flowers and buds. F. Leaf. G. Inflorescence with young fruits and bracts. H. Fruits. I. Leaf and inflorescence. J. Open fruit with seeds. Image authors: A–D, F–H, J: A. T. Novaes and M. J. Falcão; E, I: SpeciesLink. A–C, E–F. Lima, H. C. 8228; D, G–H. Mansano 2022-6; I. Aona, L. Y. S. 2034; J. Matos, F. B. 1732. Scale bar: A:1 m; B: 20 cm; C–E, G, J: 1 cm; F, I: 5 cm; H: 10 cm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. A–H, J–L. Arapatiella psilophylla var. emarginata. I. Arapatiella psilophylla var. psilophylla.A. Holotype; B. Detail of inflorescence indumentum; C. Flower bud; D. Flower; E. Anther; F–H. Variation in leaflet apex from emarginate to truncate to obtuse; I. acuminate apex in var. psilophylla; J. Stipule; K. Leaves and fruits; L. opened and spiral fruits. Image authors:A. Reflora; B–I, K. A.T. Novaes; J, L. SpeciesLink. A. R. S. Pinheiro 1548; B–E, H. J.G. Jardim, 294; F, J–L. A. M. Amorim, 1402; G. W. W. Thomas 8167; I. F. S. Gomes 1599. A, K. 10 cm; B–D. 5 mm; E. 2 mm; F, H–I. 1 cm; G, J, L. 5 cm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202766" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202769" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202771" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8202766/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8202769/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8202771/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">
|
||
Figures 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FAC59154FADEFECA" box="[1326,1340,353,378]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">–</emphasis>
|
||
3
|
||
</figureCitation>
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||
)
|
||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C334F7CAFFAA6241FF63919FFEF4FDC6" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAA6241FF63919FFBC5FDBA" blockId="3.[136,1452,426,630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">
|
||
≡
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAA6241FF76919FFCD3FE72" authority="Harms, Notizbl. Konigl. Bot. Gart. Berlin" authorityName="Harms, Notizbl. Konigl. Bot. Gart. Berlin" authorityYear="1915" box="[157,817,426,450]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tachigalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FF76919FFE63FE72" box="[157,385,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Tachigalia psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
Harms, Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
59: 305–306. (1915). ≡
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8F8250FFAA6241FBC6919FFD72FE56" author="Dwyer" journal="Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard." page="223" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" score="1322.337434474795" volume="41" year="1954">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAA6241FBC6919FFF12FE56" ID-CoL="35W4J" authority="(Harms) Dwyer, Ann." authorityName="Dwyer, Ann." baseAuthorityName="Harms" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dicymbe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FBC6919FFB1DFE72" box="[1069,1279,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Dicymbe psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
(Harms) Dwyer, Ann.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Missouri Bot. Gard. 41: 223–224 (1954)
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Type:—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339E4D1FFAA6241FD0091FBFCABFE56" box="[747,841,462,486]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
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,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EA6AA3FFAA6241FCB891FBFC73FE56" box="[851,913,462,486]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Bahia</collectingRegion>
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||
, in silvis pr. Esperanza.
|
||
<date id="FF908281FFAA6241FB6891FBFB02FE56" box="[1155,1248,462,486]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" value="1822-06">VI–1822</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FB0291FBFAB7FE56" box="[1257,1365,462,486]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Riedel 804</emphasis>
|
||
barcode K000057195 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54951AE3FFAA6241FEA491C7FE5AFDBA" box="[335,440,498,522]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, designated here: K; isolectotypes: E; F; K; MNHN;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339E4D1FFAA6241FC3991C7FC17FDBA" box="[978,1013,498,522]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">US</collectingCountry>
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; W).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAA6241FF639223FEF4FDC6" blockId="3.[136,1452,426,630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAA6241FF769223FD56FD9E" ID-CoL="G5TT" authority="Rizzini & A. Mattos, Revista" authorityName="Rizzini & A. Mattos, Revista" authorityYear="1972" box="[157,692,534,558]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trepocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FF769223FE65FD9E" box="[157,391,534,558]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Arapatiella trepocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
Rizzini & A. Mattos, Revista
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Brasil. Biol. 32(3):323–333.
|
||
<date id="FF908281FFAA6241FC0B9223FBDAFD9E" box="[992,1080,534,558]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" value="1972-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD47B69FFAA6241FC0B9223FBDAFD9E" box="[992,1080,534,558]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" value="1972-09">IX-1972</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8EF1F29AFFAA6241FBA99223FB95FD9E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03871557FFAA624BFF639155FA49FBA6:8EF1F29AFFAA6241FBA99223FB95FD9E" box="[1090,1143,534,558]" country="Brazil" name="Type" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" stateProvince="Bahia">Type</location>
|
||
:—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339E4D1FFAA6241FB7F9223FB10FD9E" box="[1172,1266,534,558]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EA6AA3FFAA6241FB169223FAD9FD9E" box="[1277,1339,534,558]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Camacan-Mascote.
|
||
<date id="FF908281FFAA6241FECB920FFE8CFDE2" box="[288,366,570,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" value="1970-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD47B69FFAA6241FECB920FFE8CFDE2" box="[288,366,570,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" value="1970-05">V-1970</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FE92920EFDABFDE2" box="[377,585,570,594]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">
|
||
T.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAA6241FE78920FFDFEFDE1" authority="Santos" authorityName="Santos" box="[403,540,570,594]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Swartzia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dos">S. dos Santos</taxonomicName>
|
||
834
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
RB barcode
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB880C3AFFAA6241FD3A920FFCBBFDE2" box="[721,857,570,594]" collectionCode="RB" country="Brazil" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15528" name="Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" type="Herbarium">RB00585685</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54951AE3FFAA6241FC8D920FFC2DFDE2" box="[870,975,570,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, designated here: RB!; isolectotypes: HUEFS; K; RB!).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334F7CAFFAA6241FF639291FD76F87E" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAA6241FF639291FD76F87E" blockId="3.[136,1452,676,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FF639291FF2AFD0E" bold="true" box="[136,200,676,702]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Trees</emphasis>
|
||
small to medium-sized, heartwood reddish brown, lenticels small and sparse; bark rough, gray to brownish to reddish; branches cylindrical, gray, usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely puberulent in terminal regions, indumentum gray to brown.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FED592D9FE72FCB6" bold="true" box="[318,400,748,774]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
paripinnate, alternate, coriaceous, (2
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FCD592D8FCAEFCB6" box="[830,844,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">–</emphasis>
|
||
) 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FC8592D8FC9EFCB6" box="[878,892,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">–</emphasis>
|
||
4 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FC7592D8FC4EFCB6" box="[926,940,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">–</emphasis>
|
||
5) pairs, opposite leaflets, elliptic to oval to oblong, less frequently ovate or rotund, rarely obovate, apex almost always acuminate to cuspidate, less frequently acute to truncate to emarginate, rarely retuse, sometimes with a small mucron, base cuneate, margin entire, glabrous to sparsely puberulent at the base of the abaxial side and central vein, rarely puberulent at the base of the adaxial side, distal half always glabrous, coriaceous to subcoriaceous, green, often matte, sometimes glossy; rachis, petioles and petiolules cylindrical to slightly conical, glabrous to sparsely puberulent, indumentum golden to brown, leaflets progressively larger from proximal to distal, rarely the opposite; stipules persistent, one pair per bud, reniform to semicircular to orbicular, glabrous to sparsely puberulent at the base of both sides; axillary and terminal buds ovate to semicircular, rounded apex, pubescent, golden to brown indumentum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FC0B9439FB6BFB96" bold="true" box="[992,1161,1036,1062]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
in racemes organized in fascicles that may or may not be compound, axillary, densely flowered at the apex of the rachis, less frequently sparsely flowered, alternate spiral flowers, rachis quadrangular to cylindrical, densely strigulate, indumentum green to golden to brown, less frequently reddish brown; bracts similar to the stipules, persistent, in pairs at the base of fascicles, reniform to semicircular to orbicular, glabrous to puberulent at the base on both sides; bracteoles deciduous, one per pedicel, ovate, apex acute, base truncate, pubescent, indumentum brown; pedicel cylindrical with quadrangular base, strigulate, light green to golden to brown indumentum.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FCAE94D1FC7BFB4E" bold="true" box="[837,921,1252,1278]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Flower</emphasis>
|
||
buds pyriform, erect, apex rounded, with four of the five sepals commonly not touching each other at their apices; flowers dichlamydeous, heterochlamydeous, actinomorphic, with campanulate hypanthium, glabrous; sepals 5, partially gamosepalous, free from the hypanthium upwards, unequal, sepals from the outermost to the innermost progressively larger in length and width, less coriaceous at their margins, imbricate, light green to brown, densely strigulate externally and on the basal ⅓ internally, indumentum golden to brown to reddish brown, base truncate, apex acute to rounded to truncate, margin entire, erect, coriaceous with membranous margin; petals 5, free, erect, equal, unguiculate, blade glabrous, strigulate nail on the outer side, golden indumentum, margin wavy to lobed, obtuse to truncate, blades rather imbricated in the pre anthesis, white; stamens 10, outer antesepalous and inner antepetalous whorls, equal, free; filaments erect, glabrous, strigulate at the base, golden indumentum, filiform, white; anthers dorsifixed, introrse, erect, glabrous, cream, rounded to oblong, apex truncate to acute to acuminate, with two thecae, 4 sporangia, rimose; gynoecium monocarpellate, ovary laterally compressed, polygonal, stipitate, brown, densely strigose, indumentum golden to coppery to brown, erect, partially included in the hypanthium, apical style, emerging slightly displaced to one side of the ovary, glabrous, strigose at base, white, stipe glabrous at base and strigose at top, stigma peltate, glabrous, 6
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FC17968CFBE8F962" box="[1020,1034,1721,1746]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">–</emphasis>
|
||
10 ovules.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FB69968DFB29F962" bold="true" box="[1154,1227,1720,1746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Fruits</emphasis>
|
||
legumes, dehiscent, lignified, green when young, brown to dark brown when mature, laterally compressed, oblanceolate to lanceolate, with reduced stipe, base slightly asymmetric, cuneate, apex slightly asymmetric, acute to rounded to obtuse, densely strigulate, golden to dark brown indumentum, epicarp, mesocarp and endocarp lignified, thicker at its margins, mainly when young, the fruit curls at dehiscence forming a spiral; seeds chamber usually occupying the last ⅔ of the fruit, inconspicuous venation.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FE4D9759FE0BF836" bold="true" box="[422,489,1900,1926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||
4
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAA6241FDE99758FDF2F836" box="[514,528,1901,1926]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="276">–</emphasis>
|
||
6, 3–4.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFAA6241FD7F9759FCFAF837" box="[660,792,1900,1927]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="276" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
, not arillate, ellipsoid, brown to black, slightly flattened laterally, asymmetrical, testa glabrous, slightly to strongly rugose, endosperm solid, brown; hypocotyl-radicular axis diagonally, displaced somewhat from the base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF51F4C9FFAD6246FF62974AFDBCF797" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202766" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8202766" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202766/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="277" startId="4.[137,240,1919,1943]" targetBox="[222,1367,201,1874]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAD6246FF62974AFDBCF797" blockId="4.[136,1451,1919,2087]" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAD6246FF62974AFEEAF827" bold="true" box="[137,264,1919,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
A–B.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAD6246FEAC97B5FD94F827" box="[327,630,1919,1943]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dicymbe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="277" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAD6246FEAC97B5FE31F827" box="[327,467,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">A. psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAD6246FDE997B5FD94F827" box="[514,630,1920,1943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; C–P.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAD6246FD5D97B5FC00F827" authority="var. psilophylla" box="[694,994,1919,1943]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dicymbe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="277" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAD6246FD5D97B5FCA0F827" box="[694,834,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">A. psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAD6246FC9A974AFC00F827" box="[881,994,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. Leaf and stipule; B. Detail of leaflet apex; C. Leaf and stipule with young leaf emerging; D. Detail of leaflet apex; E. Detail of the stipule; F. Inflorescence; G. Flower bud; H. Flower; I. Detail of hypanthium with gynoecium; J Detail of the calyx; K. Petal; L. Anther; M Detail of the carpel; N. Detail of the stigma; O. Fruit; P. Seed. A–B.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAD6246FE0297DEFD98F7B3" box="[489,634,2027,2051]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">Pinheiro 1548</emphasis>
|
||
; C–D.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAD6246FD2897D9FCD0F7B3" box="[707,818,2027,2051]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">Santos 729</emphasis>
|
||
; E.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAD6246FCB097D9FC07F7B3" box="[859,997,2027,2051]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">Amorim 1402</emphasis>
|
||
; F–G; I–N.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAD6246FBB497D9FB2FF7B3" box="[1119,1229,2027,2051]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">Aona 2304</emphasis>
|
||
; H.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAD6246FB1397D9FA46F7B3" box="[1272,1444,2027,2051]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">Mansano 2022-6</emphasis>
|
||
; O–P.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAD6246FF549825FEA8F797" box="[191,330,2063,2087]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="277">Amorim 2641</emphasis>
|
||
. Drawn by Marcus Falc ã o.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF51F4C9FFAC6247FF62974AFEF8F797" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202769" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8202769" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202769/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="278" startId="5.[137,240,1919,1943]" targetBox="[214,1371,189,1895]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAC6247FF62974AFEF8F797" blockId="5.[136,1452,1919,2087]" pageId="5" pageNumber="278">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAC6247FF62974AFEEBF827" bold="true" box="[137,265,1919,1943]" pageId="5" pageNumber="278">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAC6247FEFB974AFD7CF827" authority="var. psilophylla" box="[272,670,1919,1943]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="278" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAC6247FEFB974AFE19F827" box="[272,507,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="278">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAC6247FDC6974AFD7CF827" box="[557,670,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="278">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A. Habit. B. Detail of the trunk. C. Detail of the pair of stipules. D. Flowers and young fruits. E. Flowers and buds. F. Leaf. G. Inflorescence with young fruits and bracts. H. Fruits. I. Leaf and inflorescence. J. Open fruit with seeds. Image authors: A–D, F–H, J: A. T. Novaes and M. J. Falc ã o; E, I: SpeciesLink. A–C, E–F.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAC6247FAD997FDFF59F7B3" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="278">Lima, H. C. 8228</emphasis>
|
||
; D, G–H.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAC6247FECD97D9FE30F7B3" box="[294,466,2027,2051]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="278">Mansano 2022-6</emphasis>
|
||
; I.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAC6247FE1E97D9FD5AF7B3" box="[501,696,2027,2051]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="278">Aona, L. Y. S. 2034</emphasis>
|
||
; J.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAC6247FD3797D9FC72F7B3" box="[732,912,2027,2051]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="278">Matos, F. B. 1732</emphasis>
|
||
. Scale bar: A:1 m; B: 20 cm; C–E, G, J: 1 cm; F, I: 5 cm; H: 10 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF51F4C9FFAF6244FF62974AFB98F797" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202771" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8202771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202771/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="279" startId="6.[137,240,1919,1943]" targetBox="[183,1404,189,1896]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAF6244FF62974AFB98F797" blockId="6.[136,1452,1919,2088]" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FF62974AFEEAF827" bold="true" box="[137,264,1919,1943]" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
A–H, J–L.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAF6244FE6897B5FCF3F827" box="[387,785,1920,1944]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="6" pageNumber="279" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FE6897B5FD8FF828" box="[387,621,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FD7697B5FCF3F827" box="[669,785,1920,1943]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. I.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAF6244FCD997B5FB22F828" authority="var. psilophylla" box="[818,1216,1920,1944]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="6" pageNumber="279" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FCD997B5FBFEF828" box="[818,1052,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FBA797B5FB22F828" box="[1100,1216,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FB2B97B5FB26F828" box="[1216,1220,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">.</emphasis>
|
||
A. Holotype; B. Detail of inflorescence indumentum; C. Flower bud; D. Flower; E. Anther; F–H. Variation in leaflet apex from emarginate to truncate to obtuse; I. acuminate apex in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAF6244FE4D97FDFDA0F850" box="[422,578,1992,2016]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="6" pageNumber="279" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="psilophylla">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FE3A97FDFDA0F850" box="[465,578,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; J. Stipule; K. Leaves and fruits; L. opened and spiral fruits. Image authors: A. Reflora; B–I, K. A.T. Novaes; J, L. SpeciesLink. A.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FDA997D9FCF3F7B4" box="[578,785,2028,2052]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">R. S. Pinheiro 1548;</emphasis>
|
||
B–E, H.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FC9A97D9FBFEF7B4" box="[881,1052,2028,2052]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">J.G. Jardim, 294</emphasis>
|
||
; F, J–L.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FB9D97D9FAA4F7B4" box="[1142,1350,2028,2052]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">A. M. Amorim, 1402</emphasis>
|
||
; G.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FA9997D9FEF0F797" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">W. W. Thomas 8167</emphasis>
|
||
; I.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAF6244FEDF9825FE04F798" box="[308,486,2064,2088]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="279">F. S. Gomes 1599</emphasis>
|
||
. A, K. 10 cm; B–D. 5 mm; E. 2 mm; F, H–I. 1 cm; G, J, L. 5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334F7CAFFAE6245FF5690ABFC26FE94" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAE6245FF5690ABFC26FE94" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FF5690ABFED8FF08" bold="true" box="[189,314,158,184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAE6245FEBD90ABFE34FF08" authorityName="Rizzini & A. Mattos. Revista" authorityYear="1972" box="[342,470,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FEBD90ABFE34FF08" box="[342,470,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Arapatiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAE6245FCD290ABFC32FF08" box="[825,976,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Leguminosae</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera by its large and numerous persistent semicircular to reniform stipules in the axils of the branches, leaves, and inflorescences, its paripinnate leaves with usually 3
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FF1990D2FEE2FEB0" box="[242,256,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">–</emphasis>
|
||
4 opposite pairs of leaflets, inflorescences in fascicles of racemes, flowers with slightly heteromorphic calyx, white petals, and its large lanceolate spiral-shaped fruits when ripe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334F7CAFFAE6245FF56911BFD4AFE4C" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAE6245FF56911BFD4AFE4C" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,509]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FF56911BFE09FEF8" bold="true" box="[189,491,302,328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Distribution and habitat:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAE6245FDEC911BFCE9FEF8" box="[519,779,302,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FDEC911BFCE9FEF8" box="[519,779,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is endemic to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339E4D1FFAE6245FC59911BFC14FEF8" box="[946,1014,302,328]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and to the Atlantic Forest biome, with distribution along the coast of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EA6AA3FFAE6245FE309167FDBBFEDD" box="[475,601,338,365]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Bahia state</collectingRegion>
|
||
, especially from the center to the south of the state. It predominates in dense ombrophilous and tableland forests, often occurring in Restinga regions, although at lower relative density (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFAE6245FADD9143FEADFE05" author="Fernandes, M. F. & Queiroz, L. P." pageId="7" pageNumber="280" pagination="51 - 73" refId="ref10073" refString="Fernandes, M. F. & Queiroz, L. P. (2015) Floristic surveys of restinga forests in southern Bahia, Brazil, reveal the effects of geography on community composition. Rodriguesia 66 (1): 51 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 2175 - 7860201566104" type="journal article" year="2015">Fernandes & Queiroz, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAE6245FE8891AEFDE3FE04" box="[355,513,410,437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FE8891AEFDE3FE04" box="[355,513,410,437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">A. psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in areas of primary forest, but it is also common in cocoa plantations and regenerating areas.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFAE6245FE8A918BFD8AFE68" author="Sambuichi, R. H. R. & Mielke, M. S. & Pereira, C. E. & Orgs" box="[353,616,446,473]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" pagination="7455 - 515" refId="ref11360" refString="Sambuichi, R. H. R., Mielke, M. S. & Pereira, C. E. (Orgs.) (2009) Nossas arvores: conservacao, uso e manejo de arvores nativas no sul da Bahia. Bahia [online]. Ilheus, BA: Editus, 296 pp. [ISBN: 978 - 85 - 7455 - 515 - 7] https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788574555157" type="book chapter" year="2009">
|
||
Sambuichi
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FE34918AFDF2FE68" box="[479,528,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated occurrence north of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EA6AA3FFAE6245FC50918BFB75FE69" box="[955,1175,446,473]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Espírito Santo state</collectingRegion>
|
||
; however, no occurrence records were observed for this region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315B8C4FFAE6245FDD391D7FD79FE4C" box="[568,667,482,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[137,240,1332,1356]" captionTargetBox="[267,1319,532,1308]" captionTargetId="figure-177@7.[267,1319,532,1308]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution map of Arapatiella psilophylla varieties. Source: Arc Gis with modifications." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202773" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202773/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF51F4C9FFAE6245FF629501FB7DFAFC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8202773" box="[137,1183,1332,1357]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202773/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" startId="7.[137,240,1332,1356]" targetBox="[267,1319,532,1308]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAE6245FF629501FB7DFAFC" blockId="7.[137,1183,1332,1357]" box="[137,1183,1332,1357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FF629501FEEBFAFC" bold="true" box="[137,265,1332,1356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAE6245FE359501FD2BFAFC" box="[478,713,1332,1356]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FE359501FD2BFAFC" box="[478,713,1332,1356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
varieties. Source: Arc Gis with modifications.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334F7CAFFAE6245FF56954EFE8AF921" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAE6245FF56954EFE8AF921" blockId="7.[136,1452,1402,2041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FF56954EFEC4FA25" bold="true" box="[189,294,1403,1429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Ecology:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFAE6245FEA9954FFE0EFA24" author="Lorenzi, H." box="[322,492,1402,1428]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" refId="ref10883" refString="Lorenzi, H. (2016) Arvores brasileiras: Manual de Identificacao e Cultivo de Plantas Arboreas Nativas do Brasil. Editora Plantarum, Nova Odessa, SP, pp. 352." type="book" year="2016">Lorenzi (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
describes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAE6245FD8E954EFCE3FA24" box="[613,769,1402,1429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FD8E954EFCE3FA24" box="[613,769,1402,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">A. psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a perennial plant, usually under shade environments, but can also be a heliophyte. It occurs predominantly in more interior portions of the forest. Still, it can also occur at edge areas, especially in regions disturbed by anthropic action. It also occurs on gentle slopes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFAE6245FB6D95F7FA7DFA6D" author="Rocha, D. S. B. & Amorim, A. M. A." box="[1158,1439,1474,1501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" pagination="309 - 327" refId="ref11297" refString="Rocha, D. S. B. & Amorim, A. M. A. (2012) Heterogeneidade altitudinal na Floresta Atlantica setentrional: um estudo de caso no sul da Bahia, Brasil. Acta Botanica Brasilica 26 (2): 309 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0102 - 33062012000200008" type="journal article" year="2012">Rocha & Amorim, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), hilltops and riverbanks. Commonly reported in clay and sandy-clay soil substrates, but also humic and sandy-siliceous soil. There are no studies regarding the pollination patterns of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAE6245FCA6963FFC2FF994" authorityName="Rizzini & A. Mattos. Revista" authorityYear="1972" box="[845,973,1546,1572]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FCA6963FFC2FF994" box="[845,973,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Arapatiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the only mention of it is made in the collection
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FF16961AFE5EF9F9" box="[253,444,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">S. A. Mori 14130</emphasis>
|
||
, reporting the plant as visited by hummingbirds. However, its floral morphology indicates a possible bee pollination syndrome. The flowers are commonly described as very odoriferous (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FB469667FA9DF9DC" box="[1197,1407,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Hatschbach 53496</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FA669666FEBAF921" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">M. T. Monteiro 23085</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334F7CAFFAE624BFF5696AEFCF7FD48" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="282" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAE6245FF5696AEFC6FF8F4" blockId="7.[136,1452,1402,2041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FF5696AEFEAAF905" bold="true" box="[189,328,1691,1717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
—The genus name was given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFAE6245FD2796AFFC05F905" author="Rizzini, C. T. & de Mattos, A." box="[716,999,1690,1717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" pagination="324" refId="ref11255" refString="Rizzini, C. T. & de Mattos, A. (1972) Sobre Arapatiella trepocarpa N. G. & SP. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 32 (3): 324." type="journal article" year="1972">Rizzini & Mattos (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the function of the vernacular name “arapati”. Other names are also given, such as “faveca-vermelha” and, less commonly, “brinco de cabocla” and “quiri” (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FF0396D7FE46F94D" box="[232,420,1762,1789]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAE6245FF0396D7FEDEF94C" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1865" box="[232,316,1762,1788]" class="Mammalia" family="Viverridae" genus="Bondar" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Bondar</taxonomicName>
|
||
, G. 2351
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
). The same popular names are given to both varieties. The term
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAE6245FB6296D7FAE7F94C" box="[1161,1285,1762,1788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FB6296D7FAE7F94C" box="[1161,1285,1762,1788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not have its attribution justified by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFAE6245FE409732FDA9F891" author="Harms, H. A. T." box="[427,587,1798,1825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" pagination="305" refId="ref10198" refString="Harms, H. A. T. (1915) Notizblatt des K ˆ niglichen botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin 59: 305." type="journal article" year="1915">Harms (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, the word’s etymology and description suggest that it refers to bare (=psilo) leaves (=phylla), due to the leaves’ glabrous adaxial surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFAE6245FF56977AFAF6F848" blockId="7.[136,1452,1402,2041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FF56977AFF1FF8D9" bold="true" box="[189,253,1871,1897]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Uses:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFAE6245FEF2977BFDFCF8D8" box="[281,542,1870,1896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FEF2977BFDFCF8D8" box="[281,542,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a species of great local economic importance (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFAE6245FBBE977BFAB6F8D9" author="Sambuichi, R. H. R. & Mielke, M. S. & Pereira, C. E. & Orgs" box="[1109,1364,1870,1897]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" pagination="7455 - 515" refId="ref11360" refString="Sambuichi, R. H. R., Mielke, M. S. & Pereira, C. E. (Orgs.) (2009) Nossas arvores: conservacao, uso e manejo de arvores nativas no sul da Bahia. Bahia [online]. Ilheus, BA: Editus, 296 pp. [ISBN: 978 - 85 - 7455 - 515 - 7] https: // doi. org / 10.7476 / 9788574555157" type="book chapter" year="2009">
|
||
Sambuichi
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FB33977AFAE9F8D8" box="[1240,1291,1870,1896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) due to its rigid hardwood being widely used in civil and hydraulic construction (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFAE6245FC299747FB81F83C" author="Lorenzi, H." box="[962,1123,1906,1932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" refId="ref10883" refString="Lorenzi, H. (2016) Arvores brasileiras: Manual de Identificacao e Cultivo de Plantas Arboreas Nativas do Brasil. Editora Plantarum, Nova Odessa, SP, pp. 352." type="book" year="2016">Lorenzi, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) by local people in its region of occurrence. The wood is used to make beams, stakes, and other structures (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFAE6245FBEA97A3FAF6F801" author="Rizzini, C. T. & de Mattos, A." box="[1025,1300,1942,1969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" pagination="324" refId="ref11255" refString="Rizzini, C. T. & de Mattos, A. (1972) Sobre Arapatiella trepocarpa N. G. & SP. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 32 (3): 324." type="journal article" year="1972">Rizzini & Mattos, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In addition, studies demonstrate its potential for reincorporating nutrients into the soil (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFAE6245FC3C978FFB3DF865" author="Montagnini, F. & Fanzeres, A. & Vinha, S. G." box="[983,1247,1978,2005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="280" pagination="841 - 856" refId="ref10982" refString="Montagnini, F., Fanzeres, A. & Vinha, S. G. (1995) The potentials of 20 indigenous trees for soil rehabilitation in the Atlantic Forest in the region of Bahia, Brazil. Journal of Applied Ecology 32 (4): 841 - 856. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2404824" type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||
Montagnini
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FB8F978EFB74F864" box="[1124,1174,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFAE6245FB07978FFEE1F849" author="Gama-Rodrigues, A. C. & Barros, N. F. & Comerford, N. B." pageId="7" pageNumber="280" pagination="287 - 298" refId="ref10131" refString="Gama-Rodrigues, A. C., Barros, N. F. & Comerford, N. B. (2007) Biomass and nutrient cycling in pure and mixed stands of native tree species in southeastern Bahia, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Ciencia do Solo 31: 287 - 298. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0100 - 06832007000200011" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Gama-Rodrigues
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFAE6245FF6397EAFF5BF848" box="[136,185,2014,2040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="280">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and its cultivation is profitable in rehabilitating worn-out soils and mixed planting cultures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA1624AFF5690ABFB7BFE45" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,2086]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFF5690ABFE85FF08" bold="true" box="[189,359,158,184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">Conservation:</emphasis>
|
||
—An EOO of about
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA1624AFDB990ABFD28FF0B" box="[594,714,158,187]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2782" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" unit="km" value="72.782">72.782 km</quantity>
|
||
² was estimated for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFC4C90AAFBA0FF08" box="[935,1090,158,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFC4C90AAFBA0FF08" box="[935,1090,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">A. psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and also for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54951AE3FFA1624AFAEC90AAFAD5FF09" box="[1287,1335,159,185]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">type</typeStatus>
|
||
variety
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFA7890AAFE55FF6B" authority="var. psilophylla" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFA7890AAFEE6FF6B" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">A. psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFED090F4FE55FF6B" box="[315,439,193,219]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, since the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFD3890F7FBC7FF6B" box="[723,1061,193,220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFD3890F7FC8CFF6B" box="[723,878,193,220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">A. psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFC4E90F7FBC7FF6B" box="[933,1061,194,219]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is completely contained within the distribution of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54951AE3FFA1624AFEBE90D0FE67FF4F" box="[341,389,229,255]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">type</typeStatus>
|
||
variety. The EOO alone is insufficient to indicate a degree of threat according to IUCN criteria; however, most of the 125 records of the species are considerably old, with only
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA1624AFBED913DFBDDFE92" box="[1030,1087,264,290]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.588" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" unit="in" value="22.0">22 in</quantity>
|
||
the last ten years. The species is rarely mentioned as common (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFE349119FDA9FEF5" box="[479,587,299,325]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">Mattos, A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFDB2911EFD61FEF5" box="[601,643,299,325]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">507</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFD79911EFC7CFEF5" author="Rocha, D. S. B. & Amorim, A. M. A." box="[658,926,299,325]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" pagination="309 - 327" refId="ref11297" refString="Rocha, D. S. B. & Amorim, A. M. A. (2012) Heterogeneidade altitudinal na Floresta Atlantica setentrional: um estudo de caso no sul da Bahia, Brasil. Acta Botanica Brasilica 26 (2): 309 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0102 - 33062012000200008" type="journal article" year="2012">Rocha & Amorim 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), with records commonly in anthropized areas, although they can also be found in primary forests. There are numerous mentions of the high quality of its wood, which is widely used (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFEDD9147FD5CFE3C" box="[310,702,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">Duarte, A. P. 8018; Mattos, A. 507;</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFD289144FC2EFE3C" author="Rizzini, C. T. & de Mattos, A." box="[707,972,369,396]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" pagination="324" refId="ref11255" refString="Rizzini, C. T. & de Mattos, A. (1972) Sobre Arapatiella trepocarpa N. G. & SP. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 32 (3): 324." type="journal article" year="1972">Rizzini & Mattos, 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFC3C9144FB9AFE3B" author="Lorenzi, H." box="[983,1144,369,395]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" refId="ref10883" refString="Lorenzi, H. (2016) Arvores brasileiras: Manual de Identificacao e Cultivo de Plantas Arboreas Nativas do Brasil. Editora Plantarum, Nova Odessa, SP, pp. 352." type="book" year="2016">Lorenzi, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is also worth noting that the species is endemic to the Atlantic Forest, one of the most threatened and fragmented biomes in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339E4D1FFA1624AFB0691A0FAD6FE1F" box="[1261,1332,405,431]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, occurring uniquely in a region that has been suffering intense deforestation for agricultural and urban expansion for centuries, but with renewed intensity in the last 30 years (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFD7291EEFCBFFE45" author="Ranta, P. & Blom, T. & Niemela, J. & Joensuu, E. & Siitonen, M." box="[665,861,475,502]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" pagination="385 - 403" refId="ref11149" refString="Ranta, P., Blom, T., Niemela, J., Joensuu, E. & Siitonen, M. (1998) The fragmented Atlantic Rain forest of Brazil: size, shape and distribution of forest fragments. Biodiversity and Conservation 7: 385 - 403. https: // doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1008885813543" type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||
Ranta
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFD0891E9FCF7FE45" box="[739,789,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFC8291EEFC1DFE45" author="Landau, E. C." box="[873,1023,475,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" refId="ref10745" refString="Landau, E. C. (2003) Padries de ocupac " o espacial da paisagem na Mata Atlantica do Sudeste da Bahia, Brasil. Corredor de Biodiversidade da Mata Atlantica do sul da Bahia. CD-ROM, IESB / CI / CABS / UFMG / UNICAMP, Ilheus." type="book" year="2003">Landau 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFBE091E9FB6FFE45" author="INPE & National Institute & Space Research, Brazil" box="[1035,1165,475,502]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" refId="ref10335" refString="INPE (National Institute for Space Research, Brazil). (2020) Earth Observation General Coordination (OBT). Satellite Monitoring of the Brazilian Amazon and Other Biomes Alerts - Amazon Biome. Available from: http: // terrabrasilis. dpi. inpe. br / downloads / (accessed 16 January 2023)." type="url" year="2020">INPE 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA1624AFF5691CBFF38FD15" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,2086]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">
|
||
Given this, and seeing that only a few records of the species are found in protected areas such as Rebio UNA (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFF7A9217FDA4FD8C" box="[145,582,545,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">Amorim, A. M. 2641; Hage, J. L. 804</emphasis>
|
||
), Monte Pascoal National Park (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFC299214FB0BFD8B" box="[962,1257,545,572]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">Hatschbach, G. G. 53496</emphasis>
|
||
), and Pau
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339E4D1FFA1624AFA839214FA49FD8B" box="[1384,1451,545,571]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">Brasil</collectingCountry>
|
||
National Park (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFEDC9270FE16FDEF" box="[311,500,581,607]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">Matos, F. B. 172</emphasis>
|
||
), considering
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFD729270FCD2FDEF" author="IUCN Standards & Petitions Committee" box="[665,816,581,607]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" refId="ref10394" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https: // nc. iucnredlist. org / redlist / content / attachment _ files / RedListGuidelines. pdf (Accessed: 16 January 2023)" type="url" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
criteria A, C, and D, we indicated vulnerable status for both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFF29925DFEBDFD32" box="[194,351,616,642]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFF29925DFEBDFD32" box="[194,351,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">A. psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its
|
||
<typeStatus id="54951AE3FFA1624AFE50925DFE09FD32" box="[443,491,616,642]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">type</typeStatus>
|
||
variety:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFDB9925DFC46FD32" authority="var. psilophylla" box="[594,932,616,642]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFDB9925DFD0CFD32" box="[594,750,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">A. psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFCC3925DFC46FD32" box="[808,932,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, corroborating the result obtained by WCMC (1998).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA1624AFF56929BFC06FC82" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,2086]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">
|
||
Concerning
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFEAC929AFD7EFD78" box="[327,668,686,713]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFEAC929AFE00FD78" box="[327,482,686,713]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">A. psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFDF2929AFD7EFD78" box="[537,668,687,712]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFD77929AFD42FD78" box="[668,672,687,712]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">,</emphasis>
|
||
we obtained a significantly reduced EOO of
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA1624AFB71929BFB13FD78" box="[1178,1265,686,712]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" unit="km" value="211.0">211 km</quantity>
|
||
2, with only nine known specimens, only two of them collected after 2000. Having this and associating the inferences mentioned for the species, according to the A–D criteria of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFD9492C0FCFAFCBF" author="IUCN Standards & Petitions Committee" box="[639,792,757,783]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" refId="ref10394" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee. (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Available from: https: // nc. iucnredlist. org / redlist / content / attachment _ files / RedListGuidelines. pdf (Accessed: 16 January 2023)" type="url" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, we indicate the preliminary category of threatened for the variety, highlighting the importance of further studies about its conservation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA1624AFF56930EFCAEFBB6" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,2086]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFF56930EFE2BFCE5" bold="true" box="[189,457,827,853]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">Taxonomic comments:</emphasis>
|
||
—In the present work, two groups of morphologically distinct specimens were identified, here recognized as two varieties. Different gradations were observed regarding the characteristics that separate them, evidencing some level of intersection between these two groups and, therefore, their incomplete separation. Our analysis did not corroborate some of the delimiting characters that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFC609390FBCCFC0F" author="Cowan, R. S." box="[907,1070,933,959]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" pagination="11" refId="ref10004" refString="Cowan, R. S. (1981) New taxa of Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae from Bahia, Brazil. Brittonia 33 (1): 11. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2806570" type="journal article" year="1981">Cowan (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out, while others proved accurate and are reiterated here. In addition, other distinguishing characters not pointed out by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFB7093FDFAD9FC52" author="Cowan, R. S." box="[1179,1339,968,994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" pagination="11" refId="ref10004" refString="Cowan, R. S. (1981) New taxa of Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae from Bahia, Brazil. Brittonia 33 (1): 11. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2806570" type="journal article" year="1981">Cowan (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are added and may be helpful in a more precise delineation of the groups.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA1624AFF56943BFB13FB68" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,2086]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFF56943BFE80FB98" author="Cowan, R. S." box="[189,354,1038,1064]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" pagination="11" refId="ref10004" refString="Cowan, R. S. (1981) New taxa of Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae from Bahia, Brazil. Brittonia 33 (1): 11. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2806570" type="journal article" year="1981">Cowan (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out characteristics that were not considered useful here, such as 1) the length of the petioles and rachis, which is quite variable in many specimens of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFC429404FBC7FBFB" box="[937,1061,1073,1099]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFC429404FBC7FBFB" box="[937,1061,1073,1099]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
variety, sometimes longer than in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFF5A9460FED3FBDE" box="[177,305,1109,1134]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFF5A9460FED3FBDE" box="[177,305,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
variety. It should be noted that the petiole and rachis are often longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFB8A9460FB03FBDE" box="[1121,1249,1109,1134]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFB8A9460FB03FBDE" box="[1121,1249,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
variety; however, due to the significant overlap in the length range of these structures in the two groups, this characteristic is not good in differentiating them; 2) the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFE3694AEFD50FB05" box="[477,690,1179,1205]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="emarginata">
|
||
variety
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFDD994A9FD50FB05" box="[562,690,1180,1205]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would have more pairs of leaflets; however, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFB3194AEFA49FB05" box="[1242,1451,1179,1205]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="psilophylla">
|
||
variety
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFAC494AEFA49FB05" box="[1327,1451,1179,1205]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
often presents four pairs of leaflets, with variation in the number of pairs even in the same specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA1624AFF5694D4FAC7F9CF" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,2086]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">
|
||
The characteristics pointed out by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFDA194D7FD0FFB4C" author="Cowan, R. S." box="[586,749,1250,1276]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" pagination="11" refId="ref10004" refString="Cowan, R. S. (1981) New taxa of Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae from Bahia, Brazil. Brittonia 33 (1): 11. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2806570" type="journal article" year="1981">Cowan (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that are supported here as distinctive for the two groups are: 1) the emarginate to truncate apex of the leaflets of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFCED9530FC64FAAE" box="[774,902,1285,1310]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFCED9530FC64FAAE" box="[774,902,1285,1310]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFC649530FBB1FAAF" box="[911,1107,1285,1311]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" rank="variety" variety="compared">variety compared</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the acuminate or cuspidate apex of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFEE6951DFE6BFAF2" box="[269,393,1320,1346]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFEE6951DFE6BFAF2" box="[269,393,1320,1346]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
variety. Although we observed that, sometimes, the apex could vary among the leaflets of the same specimen (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFEAF9579FDE1FAD5" box="[324,515,1355,1381]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">J. G. Jardim 294</emphasis>
|
||
), this character is stronger in separating both taxa, and it was used here to identify the specimens which present intermediate states in other characters; 2) the color of the indumentum covering the inflorescences and sepals, whose shade of brown is much darker, sometimes being reddish in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFB5B95A7FAD2FA1B" box="[1200,1328,1426,1451]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFB5B95A7FAD2FA1B" box="[1200,1328,1426,1451]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, there is a subtle transition of colors between the two taxa; 3) the oblong shape of the leaflet in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFB5F9580FAD6FA7E" box="[1204,1332,1461,1486]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFB5F9580FAD6FA7E" box="[1204,1332,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although Cowan states that such character defines the taxon, such a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54951AE3FFA1624AFCFD95EDFCA4FA42" box="[790,838,1496,1522]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of leaflet is commonly found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFB5E95EDFAD3FA42" box="[1205,1329,1496,1522]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFB5E95EDFAD3FA42" box="[1205,1329,1496,1522]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the elliptical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFEF795CEFE30F9A5" box="[284,466,1531,1557]" form="commonly" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" rank="form">form commonly</taxonomicName>
|
||
found in most of the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFC8895CEFC3DF9A5" box="[867,991,1531,1557]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFC8895CEFC3DF9A5" box="[867,991,1531,1557]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is never found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFB4595C9FACCF9A5" box="[1198,1326,1532,1557]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFB4595C9FACCF9A5" box="[1198,1326,1532,1557]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 4) finally, the size of the flowers, even in the bud, is longer and wider in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFCB1962AFC38F988" box="[858,986,1567,1592]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFCB1962AFC38F988" box="[858,986,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, a specimen identified here as belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFECB9677FE42F9EB" box="[288,416,1602,1627]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFECB9677FE42F9EB" box="[288,416,1602,1627]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presents flowers like those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFCE89674FC9DF9EB" box="[771,895,1601,1627]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFCE89674FC9DF9EB" box="[771,895,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Among the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFB5E9674FAD3F9EB" box="[1205,1329,1601,1627]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFB5E9674FAD3F9EB" box="[1205,1329,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there is a variation in the size of the flowers, but it never reaches the size observed in the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFB759650FAFCF9CE" box="[1182,1310,1637,1662]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFB759650FAFCF9CE" box="[1182,1310,1637,1662]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA1624AFF5696BDFCA9F796" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,2086]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">
|
||
The differences not highlighted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA1624AFDB196BDFD1DF912" author="Cowan, R. S." box="[602,767,1672,1698]" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" pagination="11" refId="ref10004" refString="Cowan, R. S. (1981) New taxa of Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae from Bahia, Brazil. Brittonia 33 (1): 11. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2806570" type="journal article" year="1981">Cowan (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and observed here are: 1) the greater length and width of the stipules in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFEDD9699FE54F975" box="[310,438,1708,1733]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFEDD9699FE54F975" box="[310,438,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that can reach
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA1624AFD84969EFD5AF976" box="[623,696,1707,1734]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
in length, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFC4E969EFBC3F975" box="[933,1057,1707,1733]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFC4E969EFBC3F975" box="[933,1057,1707,1733]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they do not exceed
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA1624AFAFE969EFAB1F976" box="[1301,1363,1707,1734]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
|
||
, except one intermediate specimen (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFE3A96FAFD4AF958" box="[465,680,1742,1769]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">Gomes, F. S. 1599</emphasis>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFCD096FAFC59F958" box="[827,955,1743,1768]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFCD096FAFC59F958" box="[827,955,1743,1768]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also present smaller stipules like those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFF6396C4FEE6F8BB" box="[136,260,1777,1803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFF6396C4FEE6F8BB" box="[136,260,1777,1803]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 2) the length of the inflorescence is higher in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFCDC96C7FC55F8BB" box="[823,951,1778,1803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFCDC96C7FC55F8BB" box="[823,951,1778,1803]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reaching
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA1624AFBDF96C7FB62F8BC" box="[1076,1152,1778,1804]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
, while most of the fertile specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFECD9720FE40F89F" box="[294,418,1813,1839]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFECD9720FE40F89F" box="[294,418,1813,1839]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not have inflorescences longer than
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA1624AFC879721FC55F89F" box="[876,951,1812,1839]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||
. Only a few individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFB1A9720FA8FF89F" box="[1265,1389,1813,1839]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFB1A9720FA8FF89F" box="[1265,1389,1813,1839]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have inflorescences similar in size to those observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFD50970CFCD9F8E2" box="[699,827,1849,1874]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFD50970CFCD9F8E2" box="[699,827,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFCA7970DFBBFF8E2" box="[844,1117,1848,1874]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">Mattos-Silva, L. A. 3109</emphasis>
|
||
); 3) the rachis and petioles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFF639769FEEAF8C5" box="[136,264,1884,1909]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFF639769FEEAF8C5" box="[136,264,1884,1909]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are commonly thicker, besides always being glabrous, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFC28976EFBDDF8C5" box="[963,1087,1883,1909]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFC28976EFBDDF8C5" box="[963,1087,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that can present these structures glabrous or puberulent. 4)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFE51974AFD8EF828" box="[442,620,1919,1945]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="emarginata">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFE07974AFD8EF828" box="[492,620,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
commonly has glossier leaflets with a subcoriaceous consistency, which contrasts with the often matted and leathery leaflets of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFD119794FC94F80B" box="[762,886,1953,1979]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFD119794FC94F80B" box="[762,886,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, there are also intermediate cases, with some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFF2797F0FEAEF86E" box="[204,332,1989,2014]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFF2797F0FEAEF86E" box="[204,332,1989,2014]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
more like the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA1624AFE1E97F0FD93F86F" box="[501,625,1989,2015]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA1624AFE1E97F0FD93F86F" box="[501,625,1989,2015]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="281">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pattern. Therefore, seven of the eight characters separating the two taxa show higher or lower levels of intersection between them. They cannot support the two groups as distinct species, with only the leaflet apex being a strong delimitation between them.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA0624BFF5690AAFCECFE20" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">
|
||
We considered factors other than the phenetic approach to determine the most appropriate ranking for the allocation of the identified taxa since many delimiting morphological characters overlapped in the specimens. Thus, we considered the hypothesis of an incomplete separation between the two groupings, with the possibility of gene flow still occurring between them. To evidence that,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D286FC8FFA0624BFD0F913FFC6FFE94" box="[740,909,266,292]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" type="generic">five specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
analyzed were considered to have intermediate characteristics between the two groupings, making it difficult to define them as one of the two varieties, three were here included as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA0624BFEE69166FD77FEDC" authority=": Gomes, F. S. 1599" authorityName="Gomes, F. S." authorityYear="1599" box="[269,661,338,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="psilophylla">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFED69167FE5BFEDC" box="[317,441,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFE239166FD77FEDC" box="[456,661,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">Gomes, F. S. 1599</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFD7F9167FB8AFEDC" box="[660,1128,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">, Loureiro, D. M. 578, W. W. Thomas 8081</emphasis>
|
||
, and two as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA0624BFB1F9166FEC5FE20" authority=": W. W. Thomas" authorityName="W. W. Thomas" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="emarginata">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFAC89166FA41FEDC" box="[1315,1443,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFF639142FEC5FE20" box="[136,295,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">W. W. Thomas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFEC69143FD6DFE20" box="[301,655,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">8167, and W. W. Thomas 10913</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315B8C4FFA0624BFD759143FCE2FE20" box="[670,768,374,400]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[137,240,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,189,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[183,1404,189,1896]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. A–H, J–L. Arapatiella psilophylla var. emarginata. I. Arapatiella psilophylla var. psilophylla.A. Holotype; B. Detail of inflorescence indumentum; C. Flower bud; D. Flower; E. Anther; F–H. Variation in leaflet apex from emarginate to truncate to obtuse; I. acuminate apex in var. psilophylla; J. Stipule; K. Leaves and fruits; L. opened and spiral fruits. Image authors:A. Reflora; B–I, K. A.T. Novaes; J, L. SpeciesLink. A. R. S. Pinheiro 1548; B–E, H. J.G. Jardim, 294; F, J–L. A. M. Amorim, 1402; G. W. W. Thomas 8167; I. F. S. Gomes 1599. A, K. 10 cm; B–D. 5 mm; E. 2 mm; F, H–I. 1 cm; G, J, L. 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202771" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202771/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA0624BFF5691AEFAA5FE69" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">
|
||
We observed that territorial and environmental occurrences overlap, including in different habitats and substrates. The phenology of both also overlaps, despite the reduced availability of flowering specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA0624BFB2B918AFAA2FE68" box="[1216,1344,447,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFB2B918AFAA2FE68" box="[1216,1344,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA0624BFF5691D7FAD7FDD8" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">
|
||
Given these factors, we chose to recombine infra-specific taxa within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA0624BFBE891D7FAE9FE4C" box="[1027,1291,482,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFBE891D7FAE9FE4C" box="[1027,1291,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, defining the two clusters delimited in the present work as two varieties:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA0624BFCDE9233FB13FD90" authority="var. psilophylla" box="[821,1265,518,545]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFCDE9233FBD8FD90" box="[821,1082,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFB9E9233FB13FD90" box="[1141,1265,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA0624BFAC79233FE59FDF4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFAC79233FEE6FDF4" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFED0921EFE59FDF4" box="[315,443,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The most striking characters to differentiate them are the size of the flowers, stipules, and inflorescences, the color of the indumentum of the inflorescences, and the shape of the apex of the leaflets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA0624BFF569247FCF7FD48" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA0624BFF569247FE5CFD3C" author="Polhill, R. M. & Vidal, J. E." box="[189,446,626,652]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" pagination="81 - 95" refId="ref11097" refString="Polhill, R. M. & Vidal, J. E. (1981) Caesalpinieae. In: Polhill, R. M. & Raven, P. H. (eds.) Advances in legume systematics, vol. 1. pp. 81 - 95." type="journal article" year="1981">Polhill & Vidal (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as well as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA0624BFDAB9247FCB5FD3C" author="Rizzini, C. T. & de Mattos, A." box="[576,855,626,653]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" pagination="324" refId="ref11255" refString="Rizzini, C. T. & de Mattos, A. (1972) Sobre Arapatiella trepocarpa N. G. & SP. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 32 (3): 324." type="journal article" year="1972">Rizzini & Mattos (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA0624BFC659247FBD2FD3C" author="Cowan, R. S." box="[910,1072,626,652]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" pagination="447" refId="ref9973" refString="Cowan, R. S. (1973) Studies of tropical american Leguminosae - VII. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 86 (39): 447." type="journal article" year="1973">Cowan (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that the species might have paripinnate or imparipinnate leaves, but we observed here only paripinnate leaves.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBFD9B0FFA0624BFB8692A3FAECFD00" author="Cowan, R. S." box="[1133,1294,662,688]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" pagination="11" refId="ref10004" refString="Cowan, R. S. (1981) New taxa of Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae from Bahia, Brazil. Brittonia 33 (1): 11. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2806570" type="journal article" year="1981">Cowan (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicates that the inflorescences of the genus were racemes or panicles of racemes. Here we identified that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA0624BFB6D928FFAE4FD64" authorityName="Rizzini & A. Mattos. Revista" authorityYear="1972" box="[1158,1286,698,724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFB6D928FFAE4FD64" box="[1158,1286,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">Arapatiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inflorescences are racemes organized in fascicules that can be composed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334F7CAFFA0624BFF639319FA49FBA6" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA0624BFF639319FC87FCF6" blockId="9.[136,869,812,838]" box="[136,869,812,838]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFF639319FDA6FCF6" bold="true" box="[136,580,812,838]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">Identification key to the varieties of</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA0624BFDA09319FCB8FCF6" ID-CoL="G5TS" box="[587,858,812,838]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFDA09319FCB8FCF6" box="[587,858,812,838]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DABCE4FFA0624BFF639344FA49FBA6" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<key id="FFBFF370FFA0624BFF639344FA49FBA6" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA0624BFF639344FA49FC0F" blockId="9.[136,1452,880,1046]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF0774FFA0624BFF639344FA49FC0F" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">
|
||
1 Leaflets commonly elliptic, sometimes oval to oblong, with apex acuminate to cuspidate, rarely acute; stipules 0.7
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFAE09344FAF5FC36" box="[1291,1303,881,902]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA0624BFAD19344FA45FC36" box="[1338,1447,880,902]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" unit="cm" value="3.6" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="0.7">
|
||
0.7
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFAB39344FA86FC36" box="[1368,1380,881,902]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
6.5 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
; inflorescences 4
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFE8593BBFE98FC13" box="[366,378,910,931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
14 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFE4A93BBFE4FFC13" box="[417,429,910,931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
20) cm long, indumentum golden to brown; flower buds up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA0624BFBE193B8FBA9FC13" box="[1034,1099,909,931]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" unit="cm" value="1.4">1.4 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, pedicels 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFB0193BBFB14FC13" box="[1258,1270,910,931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
10 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFAF793BBFACAFC13" box="[1308,1320,910,931]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
14) mm long, petals 9
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFEF6939EFECBFC70" box="[285,297,939,960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
14 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFEA4939EFEB9FC70" box="[335,347,939,960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
16) mm long, ovary
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA0624BFDF4939FFD8CFC70" box="[543,622,938,960]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">
|
||
4
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFDC0939EFDD5FC70" box="[555,567,939,960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
6 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long .................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA0624BFBD8939FFA49FC0F" ID-CoL="G5TS" authority="var. psilophylla" box="[1075,1451,938,960]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="psilophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFBD8939FFAF3FC0F" box="[1075,1297,938,959]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFAAB939FFA49FC0F" box="[1344,1451,938,959]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91A441FFA0624BFF6393F2FA49FBA6" blockId="9.[136,1452,880,1046]" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DF0774FFA0624BFF6393F2FA49FBA6" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">
|
||
- Leaflets never elliptic, being oblong to rotund, apex emarginate to retuse, sometimes truncate; stipules 1.1
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFAEC93FDFAF1FC6D" box="[1287,1299,968,989]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
10 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA0624BFAA693F2FA45FC6C" box="[1357,1447,967,989]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="1.0">
|
||
1
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFAB293FDFA87FC6D" box="[1369,1381,968,989]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
10 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
; inflorescences
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA0624BFE8993D1FE22FC49" box="[354,448,996,1017]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" unit="cm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">
|
||
20
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFE9193D1FE64FC49" box="[378,390,996,1017]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
30 cm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long, indumentum dark brown to reddish brown; flower buds up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA0624BFBA293D1FB68FC49" box="[1097,1162,996,1017]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" unit="cm" value="1.7">1.7 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, pedicels
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA0624BFAF193D1FA97FC49" box="[1306,1397,996,1017]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="8.0">
|
||
8
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFACD93D1FAD0FC49" box="[1318,1330,996,1017]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
22 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long, petals
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA0624BFEFA9434FE9AFBA6" box="[273,376,1025,1046]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="13.0">
|
||
13
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFEC29434FED7FBA6" box="[297,309,1025,1046]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
18 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long, ovary
|
||
<quantity id="4CD609A4FFA0624BFE1A9434FDA9FBA6" box="[497,587,1025,1046]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">
|
||
9
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFE169434FDEBFBA6" box="[509,521,1025,1046]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">–</emphasis>
|
||
11 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long ......................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2EDFC2FFA0624BFBDB9435FA49FBA6" ID-CoL="G5TR" box="[1072,1451,1024,1046]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Arapatiella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="psilophylla" variety="emarginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFBDB9435FAECFBA5" box="[1072,1294,1024,1045]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">Arapatiella psilophylla</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A7853FFA0624BFAD69434FA49FBA6" box="[1341,1451,1025,1046]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="282">emarginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |