475 lines
71 KiB
XML
475 lines
71 KiB
XML
<document id="D662512CA5F5B2B60EB04F254D70DED5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3838.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="95162697-db5d-4e65-ae89-ccf6aa1ac03d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5109825" checkinTime="1623430773561" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Takaoka, Hiroyuki, Sofian-Azirun, Mohd, Ya’Cob, Zubaidah, Chen, Chee Dhang, Lau, Koon Weng & Pham, Hong Thai" docDate="2014" docId="03D047680278FFE5FF5CFD18FBC8F888" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03838p366.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3838 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Simulium (Simulium) xuandai Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="364" masterDocId="FFE93F100276FFF4FFCBFF88FFE7FF86" masterDocTitle="New species and records of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam" masterLastPageNumber="366" masterPageNumber="347" pageNumber="361" updateTime="1698303708898" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="4E1C2B9FA9322CB48EE2E22B528DC5F3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0681F1540D2886F614A9F17B891088C3">
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<mods:title id="D53F731CF6AF74B54375C32FF105BD4A">New species and records of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="D247E0FB22F28E0DE857D01CA27B75E5" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="2B416C0FAB873CCE2E90243C8253A6C6">
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<mods:roleTerm id="359940BD5FB2E386E2E1F52A5D6543E4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1CC00FBD1B0654A722CD3C57EAD06941">Takaoka, Hiroyuki</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E371DCE09CCAC9EF825466F7C5805DEB" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B025128BA6C3AE73C7CCB9CFA4214818">
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<mods:roleTerm id="85FCE9559564B7E5DAE8DB59F628F734">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9CCA0B403674FE0D691912F3939A3EE5">Sofian-Azirun, Mohd</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="840EFA765EA7F97D0EC930055CBCFC30" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="1DFB2B88A1C894F68A26B8547DD60463">
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<mods:roleTerm id="48E9F3909C65C716997DF0F38AB0EB60">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BEC362BF71267C36AC589184CC7DC570">Ya’Cob, Zubaidah</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4B56E42C7736F2917BDD75BCEC4FC6C5" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FB9203FB9A6B0D26F42A6D5C9B49E936">
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<mods:roleTerm id="51170D2099128BE695A05F08F9378EFE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D6B548601E938A1A9A624EC541336F74">Chen, Chee Dhang</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="ABA5865BB54F1E24B9797CF2B382F906" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BCA646AFAD5F77F0565CBF07CADAB9F3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6B4C3E86612765D048CF677E8AA84F92">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="55293926B3E5B9832E648E9A1B1FD215">Lau, Koon Weng</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="C5934D54419FA1AD64005207F713B11D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2BFAD1A8D3EDDEE1FC40E2BE63681B8D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EDFF63C53B62D32A2B590400015AA54E">Pham, Hong Thai</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D00FD4745550E1855408171D3880F684">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="91D4E9608F5D8A96BB197E6D211D0D50">
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<mods:title id="344CE06EC4D7EFDB5B827405E5BA0D34">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="957A86358DB9DC4893165347DA4C2985">
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<mods:date id="42CCFB63644E3A370B1CD2F25EFE32CC">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="FD6E4A0C8251FDC2E9AC3D1A257CBF31" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="2B2F39A95300CA9614E3B9B31EDBAC35">2014-07-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="85BFAD415D01DF373558C2BBB14E5BC0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1372A1CB35D20724DA9CE74BF7ECE216">3838</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="FDD3D326DBAC5F6D01B2B6F00E12C878" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="4BB1C621C5F7CBB282BCAB074F2FFE5F">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7F97537842994CFF34045EE099017D9B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="61DA643A1FEC652386D39E3E70AFED05" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3838.3.6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3F84A3A02052AF40E7926ECB54632938" type="GBIF-Dataset">95162697-db5d-4e65-ae89-ccf6aa1ac03d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="801A1469E33DF9BBAC47F40137063C2C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9145A21996F096E86EDF53F39F820EF6" type="Zenodo-Dep">5109825</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D047680278FFE5FF5CFD18FBC8F888" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927391" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183549055" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927391" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D047680278FFE5FF5CFD18FBC8F888" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D047680278FFE5FF5CFD18FBC8F888" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="364" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">
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<subSubSection id="C363A5F50278FFFAFF5CFD18FBDAFD2C" box="[151,1085,655,682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="361" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0278FFFAFF5CFD18FBDAFD2C" blockId="14.[151,1085,655,682]" box="[151,1085,655,682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">
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<heading id="D08E41120278FFFAFF5CFD18FBDAFD2C" bold="true" box="[151,1085,655,682]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="361" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFF5CFD18FBDAFD2C" bold="true" box="[151,1085,655,682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">
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4.
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<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0278FFFAFF7FFD07FCBCFD2C" ID-CoL="9HTZN" authority="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun" authorityName="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun" box="[180,859,655,682]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xuandai" subGenus="Simulium">
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFF7FFD07FECCFD2F" bold="true" box="[180,299,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Simulium</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFEF7FD07FE54FD2F" bold="true" box="[316,435,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Simulium</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFE0FFD07FDC0FD2F" bold="true" box="[452,551,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">xuandai</emphasis>
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Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun
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</taxonomicName>
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& Ya’cob sp. nov.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C363A5F50278FFE5FF5CFD5EFD93FC2D" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="364" pageId="14" pageNumber="361" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0278FFFBFF5CFD5EFB32FF7E" blockId="14.[151,1437,726,2011]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFF5CFD5EFF33FD69" bold="true" box="[151,212,726,751]" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Male</emphasis>
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. Body length 3.0 mm.
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFE16FD5EFDFCFD69" bold="true" box="[477,539,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Head</emphasis>
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. Slightly wider than thorax. Upper eye consisting of large facets in 20 vertical columns and 20 horizontal rows. Clypeus black, thickly white pruinose and brilliantly iridescent when illuminated at certain angles, sparsely covered with dark brown hairs along and near lateral margins (most of central portion bare). Antenna composed of scape, pedicel and 9 flagellomeres, dark brown except scape, pedicel and base of first flagellomere yellow and rest of first flagellomere and second and third flagellomeres dark yellow; first flagellomere elongate, 1.6 times length of second one. Maxillary palp with 5 segments, medium-brown except first and second segments ochreous and fifth segment grayish light-brown; proportional lengths of third, fourth, and fifth segments 1.0:1.0:2.4; third segment (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFDA0FC5AFD24FC6D" box="[619,707,978,1003]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
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) of normal size; sensory vesicle (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFBF3FC5AFB77FC6D" box="[1080,1168,978,1003]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
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) globular or ellipsoidal, 0.2 times length of third segment, and with small opening.
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFCFDFC7EFC6CFB89" bold="true" box="[822,907,1014,1039]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Thorax</emphasis>
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. Similar to that of male of
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<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0278FFFAFB08FC7FFA7BFB88" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[1219,1436,1014,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taythienense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Simulium">
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFB08FC7FFB3FFB88" box="[1219,1240,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">S.</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFB22FC7FFB19FB88" box="[1257,1278,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">S.</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFADBFC7EFA7BFB88" box="[1296,1436,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">taythienense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170278FFFAFF5CFB93FF09FBB4" box="[151,238,1051,1074]" pageId="14" pageNumber="361" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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except scutum uniformly and moderately covered with whitish-yellow recumbent short hairs interspersed with dark-brown short hairs near anterior margin and dark-brown long upright hairs on prescutellar area, and scutellum dark brown, with dark-brown long upright hairs and yellow short hairs.
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFBF6FBEBFB94FBFC" bold="true" box="[1085,1139,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Legs</emphasis>
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. Foreleg: coxa yellowishwhite; trochanter yellow, with lower surface somewhat darkened; femur yellow except apical tip on inner surface, dark yellow with apical tip light brown on outer surface; tibia brownish-black to black except basal tip light brown; tarsus black, with moderate dorsal hair crest; basitarsus greatly dilated, 6.1 times as long as its greatest width. Midleg: coxa brownish-black; trochanter brownish-black except base whitish; femur brownish-black except apical cap black; tibia dark-brown to brownish-black except base yellowish-white, and with whitish sheen widely on posterior surface when illuminated at certain angles; tarsus medium brown except basal 3/4 to2/3 of basitarsus and basal tip of second tarsomere yellowish-white. Hind leg: coxa brownish-black; trochanter yellowish-white; femur dark brown except base whitish-yellow and apical cap brownish-black; tibia brownish-black except base yellowish-white; tarsus brownish-black except little more than basal 1/2 of basitarsus and basal 1/2 of second tarsomere whitish-yellow; basitarsus (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFD9FFA42FD57FA65" box="[596,688,1482,1507]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
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) somewhat enlarged, slightly widened toward apical 1/3, then slightly narrowed, 4.1–4.3 times as long as wide, and 0.8 and 0.8 times as wide as greatest width of hind tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFE25F99AFDA4F9AD" box="[494,579,1554,1579]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
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) developed, small, little shorter than its basal width, and 0.3 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus; pedisulcus (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFDA1F9BEFD25F9C9" box="[618,706,1590,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
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) well developed.
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFC5AF9BEFC29F9C9" bold="true" box="[913,974,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Wing</emphasis>
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. Length
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<quantity id="4C815B9B0278FFFAFBF3F9BEFB73F9C8" box="[1080,1172,1590,1615]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="361" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
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. Other characters as in male of
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<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0278FFFAFF3EF9D3FE28F9F5" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[245,463,1626,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taythienense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Simulium">
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFF3EF9D3FEE4F9F4" box="[245,259,1627,1650]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">S</emphasis>
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. (
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFED7F9D3FECDF9F4" box="[284,298,1627,1650]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">S</emphasis>
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.)
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFE88F9D3FE28F9F5" box="[323,463,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">taythienense</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170278FFFAFE1CF9D3FDC8F9F4" box="[471,559,1627,1650]" pageId="14" pageNumber="361" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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except right subcosta bare and left subcosta with two hairs.
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFB2AF9D2FAA8F9F5" bold="true" box="[1249,1359,1626,1651]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Abdomen</emphasis>
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. As in male of
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<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0278FFFAFF3FF9F7FE2AF910" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[244,461,1662,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taythienense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Simulium">
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFF3FF9F7FEE5F910" box="[244,258,1663,1686]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">S</emphasis>
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. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFED0F9F7FECEF910" box="[283,297,1663,1686]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFE8AF9F6FE2AF910" box="[321,461,1662,1686]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">taythienense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170278FFFAFE1EF9F7FDCAF910" box="[469,557,1663,1686]" pageId="14" pageNumber="361" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0278FFFAFDFFF9F6FD78F911" bold="true" box="[564,671,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. Coxite in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFC77F9F6FBF4F911" box="[956,1043,1662,1687]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
) nearly quadrate, little longer than wide; coxite in ventrolateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFDE9F92AFD9CF93D" box="[546,635,1698,1723]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
) rectangular, 0.7 times as long as wide. Style in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFAF6F92AFA73F93D" box="[1341,1428,1698,1723]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
) elongate, slightly narrowed toward middle, nearly parallel-sided to apical 1/3, then slightly narrowed to apex, inner margin gently concave, with subapical spine; style in ventrolateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFC10F962FBD2F885" box="[987,1077,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
) 1.9 times length of coxite, 3.4 times as long as greatest width near apex; style in medial view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFCBCF886FC2AF8A1" box="[887,973,1806,1831]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
) somewhat flattened dorsoventally, with short basal protuberance directed dorsomedially, with several cone-like spines along its anterior margin; style in dorsomedial view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFEBAF8DEFE21F8E9" box="[369,454,1878,1903]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
|
||
) with short basal protuberance with well sclerotized, saw-like ragged anterior margin. Ventral plate in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0278FFFAFE28F8F2FDDEF815" box="[483,569,1914,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="361">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with body broad, with lateral margins gently convex, anterior margin deeply concave, and posterior margin nearly straight; body bearing prominent median process sharply narrowed to round tip; body covered with minute setae medially; arms short, stout, divergent from base; ventral plate in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0279FFFBFF54FF1FFF1FFF36" box="[159,248,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="362">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
|
||
) with median process abruptly bent ventrally at nearly right angle; ventral plate in caudal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0279FFFBFAF7FF1FFA73FF36" box="[1340,1428,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="362">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
|
||
) in form of equilateral triangle, and bare. Median sclerite, paramere, aedeagal membrane, abdominal segment 10 and cercus nearly as in those of
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0279FFFBFE36FF68FDECFF71" box="[509,523,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="362">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0279FFFBFDE8FF68FDD6FF71" box="[547,561,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="362">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0279FFFBFD83FF68FD38FF7E" box="[584,735,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="362">taythiensense</emphasis>
|
||
sp. nov. except cercus with 14 distinct hairs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF06A6F60279FFFBFF5CF8ABFA7FF812" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="362" startId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" targetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0279FFFBFF5CF8ABFA7FF812" blockId="15.[151,1436,1827,1940]" pageId="15" pageNumber="362">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0279FFFBFF5CF8ABFEF2F8BE" bold="true" box="[151,277,1827,1849]" pageId="15" pageNumber="362">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0279FFFBFEB3F8ABFDF5F8BF" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[376,530,1827,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="362" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xuandai" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0279FFFBFEB3F8ABFE6CF8BF" box="[376,395,1827,1849]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="362">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0279FFFBFE57F8ABFE57F8BF" box="[412,432,1827,1849]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="362">S.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0279FFFBFE0BF8ABFDF5F8BF" box="[448,530,1827,1849]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="362">xuandai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170279FFFBFDD1F8ABFD8CF8BE" box="[538,619,1827,1848]" pageId="15" pageNumber="362" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF06A6F60266FFE4FF5CF8DBFACAF823" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="363" startId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" targetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0266FFE4FF5CF8DBFACAF823" blockId="16.[151,1436,1875,1958]" pageId="16" pageNumber="363">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0266FFE4FF5CF8DBFEF2F8EE" bold="true" box="[151,277,1875,1897]" pageId="16" pageNumber="363">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0266FFE4FEBDF8DBFDF6F8EF" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[374,529,1875,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="363" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xuandai" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0266FFE4FEBDF8DBFE6DF8EF" box="[374,394,1875,1897]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="363">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0266FFE4FE50F8DBFE49F8EF" box="[411,430,1875,1897]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="363">S.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0266FFE4FE74F8DBFDF6F8EF" box="[447,529,1875,1897]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="363">xuandai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170266FFE4FDD2F8DBFD8DF8EE" box="[537,618,1875,1896]" pageId="16" pageNumber="363" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0267FFE5FF0CFF1FFC1BFC0E" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1806]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF0CFF1FFEE2FF36" bold="true" box="[199,261,151,176]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0267FFE5FE7DFF1FFDF2FF29" box="[438,533,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FDEEFF1FFD84FF36" bold="true" box="[549,611,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Integument light ochreous, moderately covered with relatively large tubercles having few to several secondary projections of which some are sharply pointed on frons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FAC8FF32FAB9FF55" box="[1283,1374,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-90@16.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupa of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||
), and moderately with round or cone-like small ones without secondary projections on face; frons with two pairs of unbranched or bifid long trichomes with coiled or uncoiled apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FC45FF77FC01FE9E" box="[910,998,255,280]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-90@16.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupa of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||
); face with pair of unbranched or bifid long trichomes with coiled or uncoiled apices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FD13FEAAFCD0FEBD" box="[728,823,290,315]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-90@16.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupa of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
|
||
), subequal in length to frontal trichomes.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FAF4FEAAFA73FEBD" bold="true" box="[1343,1428,290,315]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Integument light ochreous, moderately covered with relatively large tubercles (similar to those on frons) except lateral surfaces and dorsal surface of posterior 1/2 of thorax moderately covered with relatively smaller round or cone-like tubercles; thorax on each side with 3 long trichomes with 4 or 5 branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FB8FFE02FB7DFE25" box="[1092,1178,394,419]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-90@16.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupa of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||
) anterodorsally, 2 long trichomes with 4 or 5 branches (similar to
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FDB0FE25FD34FE40" box="[635,723,429,454]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-90@16.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupa of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||
) anterolaterally, 1 medium-long trichome with 3 or 4 branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FF54FE47FF11FE6E" box="[159,246,463,488]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-90@16.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupa of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
|
||
) mediolaterally, and 3 trichomes with uncoiled apices (2 bifid or quadrifid long, 1unbranched or bifid medium-long) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FE8CFE7AFE7CFD8D" box="[327,411,498,523]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-90@16.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupa of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
|
||
) ventrolaterally. Gill (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FD5DFE7AFD0AFD8D" box="[662,749,498,523]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-90@16.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupa of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 10 thread-like filaments arranged as 2+(2+1)+(2+1)+2 filaments from dorsal to ventral; dorsal and ventral pairs with short stalk, two middle triplets with short stalk; all filaments subequal in length (about 1.0 mm) and thickness, though filaments of middle triplets slightly thinner than those of dorsal and ventral pairs (relative thickness of filaments from dorsal to ventral when compared basally 1.0:1.0:0.8:0.8:0.9:0.8:0.8:0.8:1.0:1.0); all filaments medium brown, covered with sharply-defined annular ridges and furrows and densely covered with minute tubercles, relatively larger ones on ridges and smaller one on interridges.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FED6FD4AFE6CFD5D" bold="true" box="[285,395,706,731]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsally, nearly transparent except segment 1 light ochreous; segment 1 without tubercles, with 1 bifid medium-long seta on each side; segment 2 without tubercle, with 1 bifid medium-long seta and 5 short spinous setae, of which 1 is much smaller than others, on each side; other characters as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FB50FC80FA93FCA6" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[1179,1396,775,800]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taythienense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FB50FC80FB4EFC99" box="[1179,1193,776,799]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FB0AFC80FB28FC99" box="[1217,1231,776,799]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FB23FC80FA93FCA6" box="[1256,1396,776,800]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">taythienense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170267FFE5FAB7FC80FF20FCC4" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
except right inner hook of ventral surface of segment 6 trifid.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC4DFCA2FC38FCC5" bold="true" box="[902,991,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Cocoon</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FC24FCA2FBD9FCC5" box="[1007,1086,810,835]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 7I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Light ochreous, shoe-shaped, with several small to large open spaces anterolaterally on each side; posterior half with floor; posterior half thickly woven and individual threads almost invisible;
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0267FFE5FD61FCE7FD18FC01" box="[682,767,879,904]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long by
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0267FFE5FCA9FCE7FC5FFC01" box="[866,952,879,904]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0267FFE5FF0CFC1AFD93FC2D" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1806]" box="[199,628,914,939]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF0CFC1AFEF9FC2D" bold="true" box="[199,286,914,939]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Female</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FE9FFC1AFE17FC2D" bold="true" box="[340,496,914,939]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">mature larva</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C363A5F50267FFE5FF0CFC3EFAFAFBB0" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0267FFE5FF0CFC3EFAFAFBB0" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1806]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF0CFC3EFE9CFC48" bold="true" box="[199,379,949,974]" inLineHeading="true" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" reason="1">Type specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B11FC230267FFE5FE4DFC3DFAFAFBB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323288303" collectingDate="2013-11-09" collectorName="H. Takaoka." country="Vietnam" county="Tam Dao" elevation="5" location="Male" municipality="Tam Dao Resort Hotel" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Vinh Phuc" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C248DC0267FFE5FE4DFC3DFE15FC48" box="[390,498,949,974]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8EA6A0A50267FFE5FDCAFC3DFDDCFC48" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D047680278FFE5FF5CFD18FBC8F888:8EA6A0A50267FFE5FDCAFC3DFDDCFC48" box="[513,571,949,974]" country="Vietnam" county="Tam Dao" municipality="Tam Dao Resort Hotel" name="Male" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" stateProvince="Vinh Phuc">Male</location>
|
||
(reared from a pupa and preserved with its associated pupal exuviae and cocoon in a vial with 80% ethanol), collected from a moderately-flowing forest stream (width
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0267FFE5FB77FC5FFAE2FC69" box="[1212,1285,983,1008]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" unit="m" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0054114D0267FFE5FB77FC5FFAE2FC69" box="[1212,1285,983,1008]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" unit="m" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0267FFE5FA9DFC5FFF5BFB94" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" unit="cm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 cm</quantity>
|
||
, bed gravelly, stony and rocky, water temperature 18.0˚C, shaded, altitude
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0267FFE5FC30FC72FBA4FB94" box="[1019,1091,1018,1043]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" unit="m" value="700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0054114D0267FFE5FC30FC72FBA4FB94" box="[1019,1091,1018,1043]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, N21˚27’054”/E105˚38’470”), behind the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA26C040267FFE5FED8FB96FDF5FBB0" box="[275,530,1053,1078]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Tam Dao Resort Hotel</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62A78EF20267FFE5FDD5FB96FD60FBB3" box="[542,647,1054,1077]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Tam Dao</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BD389C0267FFE5FD58FB95FC92FBB0" box="[659,885,1053,1078]" country="Vietnam" name="Vinh Phuc" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Vinh Phuc Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0267FFE5FC4AFB95FC04FBB0" box="[897,995,1053,1078]" name="Vietnam" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC7D0BE0267FFE5FC26FB95FB81FBB0" box="[1005,1126,1053,1078]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" value="2013-11-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8329560267FFE5FC26FB95FB81FBB0" box="[1005,1126,1053,1078]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" value="2013-11-09">9-XI-2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, by
|
||
<collectorName id="268C93A80267FFE5FB5FFB96FAFAFBB0" box="[1172,1309,1053,1078]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">H. Takaoka.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C363A5F50267FFE5FF0CFBB7FBEBFBFD" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0267FFE5FF0CFBB7FBEBFBFD" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1806]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF0CFBB7FEC3FBD1" box="[199,292,1087,1112]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF0CFBB7FEF9FBDE" bold="true" box="[199,286,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The pupa of this new species was collected from a plastic tape trailing in water. Associated species were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FF1FFBEBFEADFBFC" authorityName="Takaoka & Davies" authorityYear="1995" box="[212,330,1122,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tani" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF1FFBEBFF0EFBFC" box="[212,233,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF31FBEBFEE8FBFC" box="[250,271,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FED4FBEBFEADFBFC" box="[287,330,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">tani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FE4AFBEBFE0CFBFD" baseAuthorityName="Adler & Crosskey" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[385,491,1123,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FE4AFBEBFE0CFBFD" box="[385,491,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FE30FBEBFDF7FBFC" box="[507,528,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
) sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FD9BFBEBFCBFFBFD" authorityName="Rubtsov" authorityYear="1947" box="[592,856,1123,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multistriatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FD9BFBEBFCBFFBFD" box="[592,856,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Simulium multistriatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C363A5F50267FFE5FF0CFB0DFF1AFB65" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0267FFE5FF0CFB0DFF1AFB65" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1806]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF0CFB0DFEA0FB1B" box="[199,327,1157,1182]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF0CFB0DFEA7FB18" bold="true" box="[199,320,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FDD7FB0DFD91FB1B" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[540,630,1157,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xuandai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FDD7FB0DFD91FB1B" box="[540,630,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">xuandai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in honor of Dr. Pham Xuan Da, director general, National Institute of Food Control, Ministry of Health,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0267FFE5FDE1FB2FFD6CFB46" box="[554,651,1191,1216]" name="Vietnam" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
, for his contribution as a pioneer in faunal studies of black flies in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0267FFE5FF5CFB42FF1DFB65" box="[151,250,1226,1251]" name="Vietnam" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C363A5F50267FFE5FF0CFB65FBC8F888" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0267FFE5FF0CFB65FCFAFA50" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1806]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF0CFB65FED3FA83" box="[199,308,1261,1286]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF0CFB65FEC9FA80" bold="true" box="[199,302,1261,1286]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FEF6FB66FE01FA83" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[317,486,1261,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xuandai" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FEF6FB66FEB4FA83" box="[317,339,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FEAEFB66FE9DFA83" box="[357,378,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FE47FB65FE01FA83" box="[396,486,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">xuandai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170267FFE5FE3BFB66FDAFFA83" box="[496,584,1262,1285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FCEBFB66FC9AFA83" authorityName="Brunetti" authorityYear="1912" box="[800,893,1262,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FCEBFB66FC9AFA83" box="[800,893,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">striatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group by the unique shape of the male ventral plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FEFDFA87FE76FAAE" box="[310,401,1295,1320]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,331,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-170@15.[151,1436,303,1802]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); C, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); D, right coxite and style (ventrolateral view); E & F, left styles (E, dorsolateral view; F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, and 0.02 mm for A & C–H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109839/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
). This new species is characterized by having the male scutum covered with yellow short hairs and the pupal gill with 10 slender filaments of almost the same thickness, arranged as 2+(2+1)+(2+1)+2 filaments from dorsal to ventral (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FDEDFADDFD62FAE8" box="[550,645,1365,1390]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-90@16.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupa of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
|
||
). In having these characters, this new species is similar to
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FA98FADEFA8FFAEB" box="[1363,1384,1366,1389]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FAB6FADEFA6CFAEB" box="[1405,1419,1366,1389]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF5CFAF0FEFFFA16" box="[151,280,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">lineothorax</emphasis>
|
||
Puri,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FE90FAF0FE97FA09" box="[347,368,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FE4BFAF0FE69FA09" box="[384,398,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FE6EFAF0FDEEFA16" box="[421,521,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">pallidum</emphasis>
|
||
Puri, both from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0267FFE5FD09FAFFFD1BFA16" box="[706,764,1399,1424]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE88B8F0267FFE5FCC1FAFFFC9AFA16" author="Puri, I. M." box="[778,893,1399,1424]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" pagination="515 - 532" refId="ref13587" refString="Puri, I. M. (1932) Studies on Indian Simuliidae. Part V. Species and varieties of the striatum series. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 20, 515 - 532." type="journal article" year="1932">Puri 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC5BFAF0FC42FA09" box="[912,933,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC7EFAF0FC24FA09" box="[949,963,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC11FAF0FBA2FA16" box="[986,1093,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">consimile</emphasis>
|
||
Puri from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0267FFE5FB74FAFFFB1FFA16" box="[1215,1272,1399,1424]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0267FFE5FAE5FAFFFA7BFA16" box="[1326,1436,1399,1424]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE88B8F0267FFE5FF55FA12FEF6FA35" author="Puri, I. M." box="[158,273,1434,1459]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" pagination="515 - 532" refId="ref13587" refString="Puri, I. M. (1932) Studies on Indian Simuliidae. Part V. Species and varieties of the striatum series. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 20, 515 - 532." type="journal article" year="1932">Puri 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE88B8F0267FFE5FED7FA12FDC8FA35" author="Davies, D. M. & Gyorkos, H." box="[284,559,1434,1459]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" pagination="1029 - 1046" refId="ref13263" refString="Davies, D. M. & Gyorkos, H. (1992) The Simuliidae (Diptera) of Sri Lanka. Description of additional species of Simulium (Simulium), with keys for Sri Lankan species in the subgenus and a checklist for the country. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 70, 1029 - 1046. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 92 - 145" type="journal article" year="1992">Davies & Györkös 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FD8AFA13FC4BFA35" authority="(Shiraki)" baseAuthorityName="Shiraki" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[577,940,1434,1459]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinquestriatum" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FD8AFA13FDB0FA34" box="[577,599,1435,1458]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FDADFA13FD9CFA34" box="[614,635,1435,1458]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FD40FA13FCA5FA34" box="[651,834,1435,1458]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">quinquestriatum</emphasis>
|
||
(Shiraki)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0267FFE5FC24FA12FBA6FA35" box="[1007,1089,1434,1459]" name="Taiwan" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE88B8F0267FFE5FB84FA12FB03FA35" author="Shiraki, T." box="[1103,1252,1434,1459]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" pagination="1 - 90" refId="ref13694" refString="Shiraki, T. (1935) Simuliidae of the Japanese Empire. Memories of Faculty of Science and Agriculture of Taihoku Imperial University, 16, 1 - 90." type="journal article" year="1935">Shiraki 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Takaoka 1979), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FF0DFA36FE1DFA50" authority="Chen" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="2003" box="[198,506,1469,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuzhishanense" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF0DFA36FF3CFA53" box="[198,219,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF27FA36FEE7FA53" box="[236,256,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FEDAFA35FE5EFA53" box="[273,441,1469,1493]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">wuzhishanense</emphasis>
|
||
Chen
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0267FFE5FDF4FA35FD65FA50" box="[575,642,1469,1494]" name="China" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Chen 2003).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0267FFE5FF0CFA57FB43F923" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1806]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
|
||
This new species is distinguished in the male from
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FCC1FA68FCF8FA71" box="[778,799,1504,1527]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FCFBFA68FCD9FA71" box="[816,830,1504,1527]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC9EFA68FC31FA7E" box="[853,982,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">lineothorax</emphasis>
|
||
by the absence of longitudinal vittae on the scutum, from
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FEA8F98BFE9FF99C" box="[355,376,1539,1562]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FE40F98BFE7EF99C" box="[395,409,1539,1562]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FE79F98BFDF1F99D" box="[434,534,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">pallidum</emphasis>
|
||
by the darker legs (e.g., the mid tibia is dark-brown to brownish-black except base yellowish-white in this new species but is entirely yellow in
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FCB9F9AEFC60F9BB" box="[882,903,1574,1597]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC5CF9AEFC42F9BB" box="[919,933,1574,1597]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC77F9ADFBC7F9BB" box="[956,1056,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">pallidum</emphasis>
|
||
), and from the other three species by the number of upper-eye enlarged facets, which are in 20 vertical columns and 20 horizontal rows in this new species but in 16 vertical columns and 15 or 16 horizontal rows in
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC4AF9E3FC70F904" box="[897,919,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC6CF9E3FC52F904" box="[935,949,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC07F9E3FBD0F905" box="[972,1079,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">consimile</emphasis>
|
||
, in 16 horizontal rows in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FA93F9E3FEA8F923" baseAuthorityName="Shiraki" baseAuthorityYear="1935" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinquestriatum" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FA93F9E3FA8AF904" box="[1368,1389,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FAB6F9E3FA6CF904" box="[1405,1419,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF5CF906FEA8F923" box="[151,335,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">quinquestriatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in 12 vertical columns and 14 horizontal rows in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FC60F906FB7AF923" authorityName="Chen" authorityYear="2003" box="[939,1181,1677,1702]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuzhishanense" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC60F906FC27F923" box="[939,960,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC1BF906FC39F923" box="[976,990,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC3EF905FB7AF923" box="[1013,1181,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">wuzhishanense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0267FFE5FF0CF938FBC8F888" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1806]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FF0CF938FE8AF94E" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[199,365,1711,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xuandai" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF0CF938FF3BF941" box="[199,220,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FF26F938FEE5F941" box="[237,258,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FED8F938FE8AF94E" box="[275,365,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">xuandai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170267FFE5FEBFF938FE2BF941" box="[372,460,1712,1735]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is readily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0267FFE5FCD5F938FC11F94E" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[798,1014,1711,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="361" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taythienense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FCD5F938FCCBF941" box="[798,812,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FC8FF938FCB5F941" box="[836,850,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0267FFE5FCA1F938FC11F94E" box="[874,1014,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">taythienense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170267FFE5FC36F938FBB3F941" box="[1021,1108,1712,1735]" pageId="17" pageNumber="364" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in the male by the yellowish short hairs on the scutum, and in the pupa by the relatively large tubercles having secondary projections on the head and thoracic integument (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FE7EF97DFDE9F888" box="[437,526,1781,1806]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-90@16.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupa of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||
), and branched trichomes on the frons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0267FFE5FC01F97DFBC5F888" box="[970,1058,1781,1806]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,227,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-90@16.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pupa of S. (S.) xuandai sp. nov. A, tubercles on frons; B, frontal trichomes; C, facial trichomes; D–F, thoracic trichomes (D, mediodorsal; E, mediolateral; F, ventrolateral); G, right gill filaments (outer view); H, seta on dorsal surface of abdominal segment 1; I, cocoon (lateral view). Scale bars = 1.0 mm for I, 0.2 mm for G, and 0.02 mm for A–F & H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109841/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |