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<document id="17A5F71A10A251963082483B668F4B33" ID-CLB-Dataset="159647" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.839.1935" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d57136df-42d7-415f-8187-081cb6c9bab6" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154776" ID-ZooBank="671A18B9-2DF6-41E2-A0C9-5DE155A1D906" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1665100032786" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Le-Le, HE &amp; Bao-Zhen, HUA" docDate="2022" docId="03E48401FF89E82990539349D8A9DA48" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-839_103-119.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 839" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.839.1935" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Bittacus multisetus Hua 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="117" masterDocId="FFDDFC79FF82E8279225902FDC5DDC2C" masterDocTitle="A review of Bittacidae (Mecoptera) in Guizhou, China with descriptions of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="119" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1699388909831" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="D7D1A6FD7175BFC58AE0368BE825AB61">A review of Bittacidae (Mecoptera) in Guizhou, China with descriptions of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DAE90EFFEF5E10CAD30F1E855C9508E6" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="53983B481BDFEEF8A690C9005254E1BC">Le-Le, HE</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="50592F0412DFF2E55934E3DC93CAA4A6">Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A3191E6DD518777097CE0D8E562D2985">Bao-Zhen, HUA</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6B4B442A6B6EE70C1EEDED46EC400FDD">Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A &amp; F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="12ACAF1A86BDA810252771757BF6BA80" type="email">huabzh@nwafu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="1E87CDFFBD6E96AE7C746EB47D492C1F">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="92E399F9DEA27004647808656571B7D6">
<mods:date id="AFA9F6777D57D1FCC7AA2765C9EEC491">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="90B5DD50E26CC5C6D05AC0D8A55DEEAC">2022-10-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="ABFC0817AB9EBCB5E0C6493C206B734C">839</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E48401FF89E82990539349D8A9DA48" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154788" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202149824" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154788" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E48401FF89E82990539349D8A9DA48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48401FF89E82990539349D8A9DA48" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF89E82C90539349DFE3DFAC" box="[630,958,869,896]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C90539349DFE3DFAC" blockId="11.[364,1223,869,968]" box="[630,958,869,896]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF89E82C90539349DFE3DFAC" box="[630,958,869,896]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4E94FF89E82C90539349DF01DFAC" authority="Hua, 2022" authorityName="Hua" authorityYear="2022" box="[630,860,869,896]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multisetus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C90539349DF01DFAC" bold="true" box="[630,860,869,896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Bittacus multisetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A547EFF89E82C91419349DFE3DFAC" box="[868,958,870,896]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
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<subSubSection id="C357669CFF89E82C934993A5D89ADF89" box="[364,1223,906,933]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C934993A5D89ADF89" blockId="11.[364,1223,869,968]" box="[364,1223,906,933]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<subSubSection id="C357669CFF89E82C90FA9381DF09DFE4" box="[735,852,942,968]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C90FA9381DF09DFE4" blockId="11.[364,1223,869,968]" box="[735,852,942,968]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<figureCitation id="13762992FF89E82C90FA9381DF09DFE4" box="[735,852,942,968]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="12.[191,234,1892,1918]" captionStartId-1="13.[190,233,929,955]" captionStartId-2="13.[189,231,1831,1857]" captionTargetBox-0="[277,1320,300,1855]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1363,289,852]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1394,1076,1793]" captionTargetId-0="figure-14@12.[251,1337,265,1855]" captionTargetId-1="figure-11@13.[189,1398,265,891]" captionTargetId-2="figure-12@13.[189,1398,1066,1793]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionText-0="Fig. 8. Bittacus multisetus sp. nov., ♀, paratype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg. E. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B = 0.2 mm; CD = 0.5 mm; E = 0.1 mm." captionText-1="Fig. 9. Right wings of Bittacus multisetus sp. nov., ♀, paratype (NWAU). Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar = 2.0 mm." captionText-2="Fig. 10. Bittacus multisetus sp. nov.AC. ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Terminalia in lateral view.B. Terminalia in dorsal view. C. Terminalia in posterior view.DE. ♀, paratype (NWAU). D. Terminalia in lateral view. E. Terminalia in dorsal view. F. Terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154798" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154800" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154802" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7154798/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7154800/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7154802/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Figs 810</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF89E82C929893DFDD60D8E6" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C929893DFDD6BD826" blockId="11.[189,310,1008,1034]" box="[189,310,1008,1034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF89E82C929893DFDD6BD826" bold="true" box="[189,310,1008,1034]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C929893DFDD6BD826" bold="true" box="[189,310,1008,1034]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C9298940FDD60D8E6" blockId="11.[187,1399,1056,1226]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the following features: 1) few markings on wings (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF89E82C9334946BDD0AD872" box="[273,343,1092,1118]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[190,233,929,955]" captionTargetBox="[189,1363,289,852]" captionTargetId="figure-11@13.[189,1398,265,891]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 9. Right wings of Bittacus multisetus sp. nov., ♀, paratype (NWAU). Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar = 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154800/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
); 2) the epandrial appendages greatly elongated, subrectangular in lateral aspect (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF89E82C96DB946BD934D872" box="[1278,1385,1092,1118]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,231,1831,1857]" captionTargetBox="[189,1394,1076,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[189,1398,1066,1793]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 10. Bittacus multisetus sp. nov.AC. ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Terminalia in lateral view.B. Terminalia in dorsal view. C. Terminalia in posterior view.DE. ♀, paratype (NWAU). D. Terminalia in lateral view. E. Terminalia in dorsal view. F. Terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154802/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
); 3) the upper branch of the proctiger elongated, expanded distally, bent anteriorly, bearing an apical hair bundle (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF89E82C933A94A3DDD3D88A" box="[287,398,1164,1190]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,231,1831,1857]" captionTargetBox="[189,1394,1076,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[189,1398,1066,1793]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 10. Bittacus multisetus sp. nov.AC. ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Terminalia in lateral view.B. Terminalia in dorsal view. C. Terminalia in posterior view.DE. ♀, paratype (NWAU). D. Terminalia in lateral view. E. Terminalia in dorsal view. F. Terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154802/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
); and 4) numerous long setae along the lateral sides of the female subgenital plates (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF89E82C92E2949FDD6DD8E6" box="[199,304,1200,1226]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,231,1831,1857]" captionTargetBox="[189,1394,1076,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[189,1398,1066,1793]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 10. Bittacus multisetus sp. nov.AC. ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Terminalia in lateral view.B. Terminalia in dorsal view. C. Terminalia in posterior view.DE. ♀, paratype (NWAU). D. Terminalia in lateral view. E. Terminalia in dorsal view. F. Terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154802/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF89E82C929894DDD860D94C" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C929894DDDD19D920" blockId="11.[189,324,1266,1292]" box="[189,324,1266,1292]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF89E82C929894DDDD19D920" bold="true" box="[189,324,1266,1292]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C929894DDDD19D920" bold="true" box="[189,324,1266,1292]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C9298950DD860D94C" blockId="11.[189,1399,1314,1376]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
The specific epithet ʻ
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4E94FF89E82C9394950DDE75D910" authorityName="Hua" authorityYear="2022" box="[433,552,1314,1340]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multisetus">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C9394950DDE75D910" box="[433,552,1314,1340]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">multisetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ʼ is derived from the Latin ʻ
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C914C950DDFC0D910" box="[873,925,1314,1340]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">mult</emphasis>
-ʼ (many) and ʻ
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C9668950DD833D917" box="[1101,1134,1314,1339]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">set</emphasis>
-ʼ (bristle), referring to the numerous setae along the lateral margins of the female subgenital plates.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF89E82C929895A7D850DA88" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C929895A7DD31D98E" blockId="11.[189,364,1416,1442]" box="[189,364,1416,1442]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF89E82C929895A7DD31D98E" bold="true" box="[189,364,1416,1442]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C929895A7DD31D98E" bold="true" box="[189,364,1416,1442]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C92CF9597D874DA36" blockId="11.[189,1399,1464,1562]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<materialsCitation id="3B253F4AFF89E82C92CF9597D874DA36" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921373305" collectingDate="2012-07-04" collectingDateMax="2012-07-06" collectingDateMin="2012-07-04" collectionCode="NWAU" collectorName="Jing Chen &amp; Ying Miao" country="China" county="Shuicheng County" elevation="2050" latitude="26.460001" location="Yushe National Forest" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="104.810005" municipality="Yushe National Forest Park" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guizhou" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C92CF9597DD01D9FE" bold="true" box="[234,348,1464,1490]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<typeStatus id="54F68BB5FF89E82C92CF9597DD01D9FE" box="[234,348,1464,1490]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F35A7587FF89E82C929895F3DD4BD9DA" box="[189,278,1500,1526]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">CHINA</collectingCountry>
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;
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,
<collectingCounty id="62934D9BFF89E82C900195F4DEAAD9DA" box="[548,759,1499,1526]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Shuicheng County</collectingCounty>
,
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<location id="8E9263CCFF89E82C90DA95F4DFAAD9DA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E48401FF89E82990539349D8A9DA48:8E9263CCFF89E82C90DA95F4DFAAD9DA" box="[767,1015,1499,1526]" country="China" county="Shuicheng County" latitude="26.460001" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="104.810005" municipality="Yushe National Forest Park" name="Yushe National Forest" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" stateProvince="Guizhou">Yushe National Forest</location>
Park
</collectingMunicipality>
;
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,
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;
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a.s.l.
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;
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<collectingDate id="EFB7EA3FFF89E82C938995D0DE12DA36" box="[428,591,1535,1562]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" value="2012-07-04" valueMax="2012-07-06" valueMin="2012-07-04">46 Jul. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26B850C1FF89E82C907E962FDE8CDA36" box="[603,721,1536,1562]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Jing Chen</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26B850C1FF89E82C912C962FDFDADA36" box="[777,903,1536,1562]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Ying Miao</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectionCode id="ED5CADD2FF89E82C91EC962FD878DA36" box="[969,1061,1536,1562]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k16p-fpz9" name="North-West Agricultural University" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">NWAU</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C92CF966DD850DA88" blockId="11.[189,1398,1602,1701]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<materialsCitation id="3B253F4AFF89E82C92CF966DD854DA88" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3921373301" collectingDate="2021-07-10" collectionCode="NWAU" collectorName="Le-Le He" country="China" county="Shuicheng County" elevation="2150" latitude="26.460001" location="Yushe National Forest Park" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="104.810005" municipality="Yushe National Forest Park" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Guizhou Province" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C92CF966DDD3ADA70" bold="true" box="[234,359,1602,1628]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<typeStatus id="54F68BB5FF89E82C92CF966DDD3ADA70" box="[234,359,1602,1628]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F35A7587FF89E82C92989649DD47DAAC" box="[189,282,1638,1664]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">CHINA</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="9D4BFE9EFF89E82C931C9649DDDDDAAD" box="[313,384,1638,1665]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectingRegion id="4989FBF5FF89E82C93B79649DE2CDAAC" box="[402,625,1638,1664]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62934D9BFF89E82C90A59649DF3EDAAC" box="[640,867,1638,1664]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Shuicheng County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B96AF6DFF89E82C91549649D89ADAAC" box="[881,1223,1638,1665]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Yushe National Forest Park</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE7953D0FF89E82C96F3964BD92CDAAD" box="[1238,1393,1636,1665]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" precision="15" seconds="36" value="26.460001">26°2736″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7953D0FF89E82C929896A7DD02DA89" box="[189,351,1672,1701]" degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" precision="15" seconds="36" value="104.810005">104°4836″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="0060D224FF89E82C934E96A5DE10DA88" box="[363,589,1674,1701]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" unit="m" value="2150.0" valueMax="2200.0" valueMin="2100.0">
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF89E82C934E96A5DE50DA89" box="[363,525,1674,1701]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" unit="m" value="2150.0" valueMax="2200.0" valueMin="2100.0">21002200 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="FFF313D7FF89E82C907E96A5DEB3DA88" box="[603,750,1674,1700]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" value="2021-07-10">
<collectingDate id="EFB7EA3FFF89E82C907E96A5DEB3DA88" box="[603,750,1674,1700]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" value="2021-07-10">10 Jul. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="26B850C1FF89E82C90DF96A4DF36DA89" box="[762,875,1675,1701]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Le-Le He</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectionCode id="ED5CADD2FF89E82C918896A5D854DA88" box="[941,1033,1674,1700]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k16p-fpz9" name="North-West Agricultural University" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">NWAU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF89E829929896E3D956D929" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C929896E3DD13DACA" blockId="11.[189,334,1740,1766]" box="[189,334,1740,1766]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF89E82C929896E3DD13DACA" bold="true" box="[189,334,1740,1766]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF89E82C929896E3DD13DACA" bold="true" box="[189,334,1740,1766]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C929896D3DE5DDB16" blockId="11.[189,1399,1788,1850]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
MEASUREMENTS. AL
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF89E82C939396D3DE14DB3A" box="[438,585,1788,1815]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="6.8" valueMin="5.2">5.26.8 mm</quantity>
, BL
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF89E82C90A096D3DF6BDB3A" box="[645,822,1788,1815]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4149999999999998" metricValueMax="1.52" metricValueMin="1.31" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="14.149999999999999" valueMax="15.2" valueMin="13.1">13.115.2 mm</quantity>
, FL
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF89E82C914A96D3D87DDB3A" box="[879,1056,1788,1814]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.785" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.7399999999999998" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="17.85" valueMax="18.3" valueMin="17.4">17.418.3 mm</quantity>
, FW
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF89E82C964696D3D8ABDB3A" box="[1123,1270,1788,1815]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="5.1" valueMax="5.7" valueMin="4.5">4.55.7 mm</quantity>
, HL
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF89E82C971696D3DD74DB16" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6149999999999998" metricValueMax="1.69" metricValueMin="1.54" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="16.15" valueMax="16.9" valueMin="15.4">15.4 16.9 mm</quantity>
, HW
<quantity id="4CB598F2FF89E82C9349970FDDA1DB16" box="[364,508,1824,1850]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="3.3">3.34.2 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF89E82C9298974DD90DDBC4" blockId="11.[189,1399,1890,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">
HEAD (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF89E82C9335974DDD36DB50" box="[272,363,1890,1917]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[191,234,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[277,1320,300,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-14@12.[251,1337,265,1855]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Bittacus multisetus sp. nov., ♀, paratype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg. E. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B = 0.2 mm; CD = 0.5 mm; E = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154798/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
). Vertex blackish brown; frons yellowish brown; median ocellus similar to lateral ocelli; black transverse band passing through ocellar triangle to compound eyes; clypeus and labrum blackish brown; maxillary palps unevenly colored, most segments black except distal segment yellowish brown; 3
<superScript id="7C38985FFF89E82C92E997E1DC87DBF0" attach="left" box="[204,218,1998,2012]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">rd</superScript>
segment slightly longer than 4
<superScript id="7C38985FFF89E82C906197E1DE0CDBF0" attach="left" box="[580,593,1998,2012]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">th</superScript>
and 5
<superScript id="7C38985FFF89E82C90BC97E1DEFBDBF0" attach="left" box="[665,678,1998,2012]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="114">th</superScript>
segments combined. Antennae yellowish brown, filiform.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF32659FFF8EE82B929A974BDE4DDBC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154798" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154798/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="115" startId="12.[191,234,1892,1918]" targetBox="[277,1320,300,1855]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8EE82B929A974BDE4DDBC5" blockId="12.[190,1399,1892,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8EE82B929A974BDD51DB52" bold="true" box="[191,268,1892,1918]" pageId="12" pageNumber="115">Fig. 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4E94FF8EE82B9336974ADDACDB53" authority="Hua, 2022" authorityName="Hua" authorityYear="2022" box="[275,497,1893,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multisetus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8EE82B9336974ADDACDB53" box="[275,497,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="115">Bittacus multisetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A547EFF8EE82B93DD974ADE08DB53" box="[504,597,1893,1919]" pageId="12" pageNumber="115" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀, paratype (NWAU).
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8EE82B914F974BDF22DB52" bold="true" box="[874,895,1892,1918]" pageId="12" pageNumber="115">A</emphasis>
. Habitus in lateral view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8EE82B9686974AD8EADB53" bold="true" box="[1187,1207,1893,1919]" pageId="12" pageNumber="115">B</emphasis>
. Head in frontal view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8EE82B932197A7DD44DB8E" bold="true" box="[260,281,1928,1954]" pageId="12" pageNumber="115">C</emphasis>
. Thorax in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8EE82B901697A7DE15DB8E" bold="true" box="[563,584,1928,1954]" pageId="12" pageNumber="115">D</emphasis>
. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8EE82B96AF97A7D8C3DB8E" bold="true" box="[1162,1182,1928,1954]" pageId="12" pageNumber="115">E</emphasis>
. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B = 0.2 mm; CD = 0.5 mm; E = 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF32659FFF8FE82A929B938EDE12DFF3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154800" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154800/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="116" startId="13.[190,233,929,955]" targetBox="[189,1363,289,852]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8FE82A929B938EDE12DFF3" blockId="13.[190,1398,929,991]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A929B938EDD50DF97" bold="true" box="[190,269,929,955]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">Fig. 9.</emphasis>
Right wings of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4E94FF8FE82A93EA938DDEF2DF97" authority="Hua, 2022" authorityName="Hua" authorityYear="2022" box="[463,687,929,955]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multisetus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A93EA938DDEF2DF97" box="[463,687,929,955]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">Bittacus multisetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A547EFF8FE82A9093938DDF48DF90" box="[694,789,930,956]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀, paratype (NWAU). Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar = 2.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF32659FFF8FE82A92989708DDEADB80" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154802" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7154802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154802/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="116" startId="13.[189,231,1831,1857]" targetBox="[189,1394,1076,1793]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8FE82A92989708DDEADB80" blockId="13.[186,1399,1831,1964]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A92989708DD48DB6D" bold="true" box="[189,277,1831,1857]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">Fig. 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4E94FF8FE82A933C9707DDADDB6E" authority="Hua, 2022" authorityName="Hua" authorityYear="2022" box="[281,496,1832,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="116" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multisetus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A933C9707DDADDB6E" box="[281,496,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">Bittacus multisetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A547EFF8FE82A93D09707DE16DB6E" box="[501,587,1832,1858]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A90689708DED8DB6D" bold="true" box="[589,645,1831,1857]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">AC</emphasis>
. ♂, holotype (NWAU).
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A91B69708DFF5DB6D" bold="true" box="[915,936,1831,1857]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">A</emphasis>
. Terminalia in lateral view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A96FF9707D8B0DB6E" bold="true" box="[1242,1261,1832,1858]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">B</emphasis>
. Terminalia in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A934C9765DD23DB48" bold="true" box="[361,382,1866,1892]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">C</emphasis>
. Terminalia in posterior view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A90F99764DF49DB49" bold="true" box="[732,788,1867,1893]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">DE</emphasis>
. ♀, paratype (NWAU).
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A960D9764D860DB49" bold="true" box="[1064,1085,1867,1893]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">D</emphasis>
. Terminalia in lateral view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A929E9741DC92DBA4" bold="true" box="[187,207,1902,1928]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">E</emphasis>
. Terminalia in dorsal view.
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8FE82A903A9741DE6CDBA4" bold="true" box="[543,561,1902,1928]" pageId="13" pageNumber="116">F</emphasis>
. Terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8CE82992989126DFF5DD85" blockId="14.[187,1398,265,425]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
THORAX (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8CE829930E9126DDDCDD0F" box="[299,385,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[191,234,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[277,1320,300,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-14@12.[251,1337,265,1855]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Bittacus multisetus sp. nov., ♀, paratype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg. E. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B = 0.2 mm; CD = 0.5 mm; E = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154798/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
). Pronotum blackish brown, without setae along anterior or posterior margins; mesonotum dark brown except scutum and median part light brown, two long setae along posterior margin; metanotum brown to light brown. Pleura unevenly yellowish brown. Legs yellowish brown, with femora and tibiae darker apically; two tibial spurs long (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8CE82990509142DE8FDDAB" box="[629,722,365,391]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[191,234,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[277,1320,300,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-14@12.[251,1337,265,1855]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Bittacus multisetus sp. nov., ♀, paratype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg. E. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B = 0.2 mm; CD = 0.5 mm; E = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154798/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
); hind basitarsus as long as tarsomeres IIIV together, one black spine along each side of proximal tarsomere IV (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8CE829916591A0DFC6DD85" box="[832,923,399,425]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[191,234,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[277,1320,300,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-14@12.[251,1337,265,1855]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 8. Bittacus multisetus sp. nov., ♀, paratype (NWAU). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Thorax in dorsal view. D. Tibia with two apical tibial spurs of left foreleg. E. Tarsomeres IV, V and claw of left foreleg. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 5.0 mm; B = 0.2 mm; CD = 0.5 mm; E = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154798" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154798/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8CE829929891E0DE00DEBC" blockId="14.[189,1399,462,656]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
WINGS (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8CE829933B91E1DD38DDC5" box="[286,357,462,489]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[190,233,929,955]" captionTargetBox="[189,1363,289,852]" captionTargetId="figure-11@13.[189,1398,265,891]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 9. Right wings of Bittacus multisetus sp. nov., ♀, paratype (NWAU). Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar = 2.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154800" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154800/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Forewing membrane hyaline with light brown tinge, apex faintly subacute; pterostigma brown; three small grayish brown clouding speckles on OM, ORs, and FRs respectively; remaining cross-veins with diffuse light grayish brown cloudings; sparse short spinules along outer margin. Pcv two. Sc ending slightly beyond level of FRs; Scv before FRs; Cuv near level of FM; CuP near FM 3+4; Cuv two; 1A ending far before FM; 2A ending before OM; Av absent. Hindwing similar to forewing, but Sc ending before FRs, Pcv one.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8CE82992989299D860DFD1" blockId="14.[189,1400,693,1021]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
ABDOMEN OF MALE (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8CE829938A929ADE62DEFC" box="[431,575,693,720]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,231,1831,1857]" captionTargetBox="[189,1394,1076,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[189,1398,1066,1793]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 10. Bittacus multisetus sp. nov.AC. ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Terminalia in lateral view.B. Terminalia in dorsal view. C. Terminalia in posterior view.DE. ♀, paratype (NWAU). D. Terminalia in lateral view. E. Terminalia in dorsal view. F. Terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154802/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Fig. 10AC</figureCitation>
). Terga IIIV yellowish to light brown; terga VVIII blackish brown; tergum VIII slightly emarginate on posterior margin; each with a dark antecosta. Epandrial appendage pale brown, approximately twice as long as gonocoxite, subrectangular with caudal margin rounded, two or three rows of black spines on inner surface along dorsal and apical margins, bearing a cluster of long black subapical setae on ventral margin. Tergum X greatly vestigial. Upper branch of proctiger yellowish brown, expanded distally, bent anteriorly, with apical hair bundle; lower branch of proctiger shorter, tapering toward apex. Cerci yellowish brown, clavate, longer than half length of gonocoxites. Gonocoxites blackish brown, shortened; distal portion protruding into subtriangular lobes separated by a deep V-shaped membranous median area; gonostylus with a process on inner side, and surrounded by sparse black setae. Aedeagus with paired elongated lobes; penisfilum coiled.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8CE8299298940CD956D929" blockId="14.[188,1400,1058,1286]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
ABDOMEN OF FEMALE (
<figureCitation id="13762992FF8CE82993E0940DDE0FD811" box="[453,594,1058,1085]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,231,1831,1857]" captionTargetBox="[189,1394,1076,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[189,1398,1066,1793]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 10. Bittacus multisetus sp. nov.AC. ♂, holotype (NWAU). A. Terminalia in lateral view.B. Terminalia in dorsal view. C. Terminalia in posterior view.DE. ♀, paratype (NWAU). D. Terminalia in lateral view. E. Terminalia in dorsal view. F. Terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7154802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7154802/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Fig. 10DF</figureCitation>
). Terga IIIV yellowish to light brown; terga VX blackish brown; a black antecosta on each tergum. Subgenital plate dull yellowish brown, greatly sclerotized; subgenital plate connected basally with lateral margin of tergum VIII, and curved dorsally for distal portion in lateral view; proximal two-thirds of plates prominently separated by V-shaped membrane, with a row of black setae along distal margin; approximately seven long black setae at median and lateral edge of each subgenital plate. Tergum X extending to base of cerci. Supra- and subanal plate acute caudally, bearing dense yellow hairs. Cerci yellowish brown, tapering toward apex, longer than supraanal plate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF8CE82992989504DDB3D95E" box="[189,494,1323,1394]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8CE82992989504DD0BD969" blockId="14.[189,342,1323,1349]" box="[189,342,1323,1349]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF8CE82992989504DD0BD969" bold="true" box="[189,342,1323,1349]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8CE82992989504DD0BD969" bold="true" box="[189,342,1323,1349]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8CE82992989577DDB3D95E" blockId="14.[189,494,1368,1394]" box="[189,494,1368,1394]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
<collectingRegion id="4989FBF5FF8CE82992989577DDC9D95E" box="[189,404,1368,1394]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35A7587FF8CE82993859577DDB7D95E" box="[416,490,1368,1394]" name="China" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357669CFF8CE829929895B7D8A9DA48" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8CE829929895B7DD72D99E" blockId="14.[189,303,1432,1458]" box="[189,303,1432,1458]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
<heading id="D0BA827BFF8CE829929895B7DD72D99E" bold="true" box="[189,303,1432,1458]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8CE829929895B7DD72D99E" bold="true" box="[189,303,1432,1458]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF23517FF8CE829929895EBD8A9DA48" blockId="14.[188,1399,1476,1637]" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">
The new species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4E94FF8CE829901195EADFE6D9F2" authority="Cai &amp; Hua, 2006" authorityName="Cai &amp; Hua" authorityYear="2006" box="[564,955,1476,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Bittacidae" genus="Bittacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mecoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puripennis">
<emphasis id="B939E905FF8CE829901195EADE87D9F2" box="[564,730,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">B. puripennis</emphasis>
Cai &amp; Hua, 2006
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="4989FBF5FF8CE829962E95EBD8B8D9F2" box="[1035,1253,1476,1502]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="14" pageNumber="117">Shaanxi Province</collectingRegion>
, but can be differentiated from the latter by the following characters: no prominent meso- and metanotum median streak (cf. the median meso- and metanotum streak pale); the distal margins of the epandrial appendages rounded (cf. the distal margins of the epandrial appendages acute); and the upper branch of the proctiger expanded distally, bent anteriorly (cf. the upper branch of the proctiger finger-like, straight).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>