361 lines
66 KiB
XML
361 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0149556" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f02345d5-4425-434a-8574-883833ae0b6f" ID-PMC="PMC4784953" ID-PubMed="26958842" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1161582" checkinTime="1517115034139" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Benny K. K. Chan, H. - N. Chen, P. R. Dando, A. J. Southward & E. C. Southward" docDate="2016" docId="03D887BE6317842CC77949DE0A34FE20" docLanguage="en" docName="journal.pone.0149556.PDF" docOrigin="PLoS ONE 11 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Chthamalus Ranzani 1817" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="FFE1FFC6630B840EC56C4C1A0E10FFDD" masterDocTitle="Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1668134660285" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Benny K. K. Chan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>H. - N. Chen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>P. R. Dando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>A. J. Southward</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>E. C. Southward</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>PLoS ONE</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2016-03-09</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>3</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>51</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1371/journal.pone.0149556</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">f02345d5-4425-434a-8574-883833ae0b6f</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PMC">PMC4784953</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PubMed">26958842</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4426658" ID-GBIF-Taxon="140512813" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4426658" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887BE6317842CC77949DE0A34FE20" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887BE6317842CC77949DE0A34FE20" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection box="[533,1065,1476,1506]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[533,1535,1476,1897]" box="[533,1065,1476,1506]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<heading box="[533,1065,1476,1506]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
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<emphasis box="[533,876,1476,1506]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[533,701,1476,1506]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthamalus</taxonomicName>
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panamensis
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</emphasis>
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Pilsbry, 1916
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[533,805,1526,1550]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[533,1535,1476,1897]" box="[533,805,1526,1550]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<figureCitation box="[533,689,1526,1550]" captionStart="Fig2" captionStartId="8.[96,128,1511,1531]" captionTargetBox="[99,1277,211,1487]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[96,1280,208,1490]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161639/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 2E and 2F</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation box="[740,805,1526,1550]" captionStart-0="Fig18" captionStart-1="Fig19" captionStart-2="Fig20" captionStart-3="Fig21" captionStart-4="Fig22" captionStartId-0="28.[96,128,1145,1165]" captionStartId-1="30.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionStartId-2="31.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionStartId-3="32.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionStartId-4="33.[96,128,1735,1755]" captionTargetBox-0="[98,1502,210,1122]" captionTargetBox-1="[100,1148,211,1708]" captionTargetBox-2="[98,1185,210,1710]" captionTargetBox-3="[100,1135,214,1710]" captionTargetBox-4="[99,1217,213,1711]" captionTargetId-0="figure@28.[96,1504,208,1124]" captionTargetId-1="figure@30.[96,1151,208,1712]" captionTargetId-2="figure@31.[96,1187,208,1712]" captionTargetId-3="figure@32.[96,1138,208,1712]" captionTargetId-4="figure@33.[96,1220,210,1714]" captionTargetPageId-0="28" captionTargetPageId-1="30" captionTargetPageId-2="31" captionTargetPageId-3="32" captionTargetPageId-4="33" captionText-0="Fig18. Chthamaluspanamensisspecimens.A.fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama,Panama,showingthetopviewofshellandtheappearance ofthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontergum,throughtheorifice.B,TheintactspecimenillustratedinPilsbry’sPlate75,fig2aisselectedbythepresentauthors astheLectotype,showingthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontheoutersurfaceofthetergum.C-F,fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMsofscutum andtergumfrom4specimens.Notethevariationintheshapeofthetergumamongindividuals.C,outerviewofscutumandtergum,showinghorizontal growthlinesandlongitudinalfurrowontergum(LF).D,scutumandtergum(innerandouterview)showinglongitudinalfurrowontergumoutersurface.E,F, innersideofscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g018" captionText-1="Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019" captionText-2="Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020" captionText-3="Fig21. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.LightMicrographs.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C.mandible.D,secondto fourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E-F,mandibularpalp,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp(F).G,labrum. H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g021" captionText-4="Fig22. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-C,maxilla.B,C,detailsofserrulatesetaeontipsofthetwo lobesofmaxilla.D,E,maxillule,withdetailofsimplesetae(E).F-H,mandible.G,detailsofthebidenticulatesecond,thirdandfourthteethonthemandible. H-J,Mandible,withdetailofpecten(I)andsimplesetaeonoutermargin(J).K,Pectenofmandible fromadditionalspecimen.L-N,Mandibularpalpwith detailsofserrulatesetaeontip(M)andonsuperiormargin(N).O,P,Labrumwithdetailofcuttingedge(P).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g022" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1161620/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/1161626/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/1161628/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">18–22</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[565,1340,1560,1585]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[533,1535,1476,1897]" box="[565,1340,1560,1585]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<treatmentCitation box="[565,1340,1560,1585]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,989,1560,1584]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,832,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[565,698,1560,1584]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthamalus</taxonomicName>
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panamensis
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</emphasis>
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Pilsbry, 1916:
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</emphasis>
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pp 319–320, Plate 75 fig 2–2e [
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<bibRefCitation box="[1319,1332,1561,1585]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="2. Pilsbry HA. The sessile barnacles (Cirripedia) contained in the collections of the U. S. National Museum; including a monograph of the American species. U. S. National Museum Bulletin no. 93: 1 - 366.">2</bibRefCitation>
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]
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</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[533,1535,1476,1897]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,802,1595,1619]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
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ANSP(Crustacea)-2008, type collection of 7 syntypes deposited by Pilsbry 1916, Quarantine Island, Panama (=
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<taxonomicName box="[1003,1057,1631,1654]" class="Anthozoa" family="Arachnophyllidae" genus="Naos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rugosa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Naos</taxonomicName>
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Island), the intact specimen illustrated in Pilsbry’ s Plate 75, fig 2a is selected by the present authors as the Lectotype; AJS-1970. 12 specimens, rock ledges,
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<taxonomicName authority="Statue" authorityName="Statue" box="[732,877,1699,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Balboa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Balboa Statue</taxonomicName>
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, Panama City, Panama. 8° 58.1' N, 79° 32' W, 31 Oct 1970; PWG-1, 10 specimens, intertidal rocks, 200 m N of
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<taxonomicName box="[1077,1131,1735,1758]" class="Anthozoa" family="Arachnophyllidae" genus="Naos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rugosa" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Naos</taxonomicName>
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Island on the west side of Avenida Amador, 8°58.12' N, 79° 31.81' W, 3 Feb 1979.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="28.[533,1535,1476,1897]" lastBlockId="29.[533,1536,208,1896]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Diagnosis.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[682,810,1803,1827]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[682,810,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Chthamalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with a deep longitudinal furrow on outer surface of the tergum, scutal margin of tergum straight. Bidenticulate setae absent from cirrus I. Outer surface of anterior ramus of cirrus I with a longitudinal array of setae. Cirrus II, distalmost segment of both anterior and posterior rami bears bidenticulate setae with basal guards, anterior ramus of cirrus III is about 1.5 times longer than the posterior ramus. Tergoscutal flaps orange. COI sequence (Gene Bank Numbers: KU356706—KU356708).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="29.[533,1536,208,1896]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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Description. Shell pink to purple in unbleached or uneroded specimens, otherwise white, with six plates (
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<figureCitation box="[696,853,346,370]" captionStart="Fig2" captionStartId="8.[96,128,1511,1531]" captionTargetBox="[99,1277,211,1487]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[96,1280,208,1490]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161639/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 2E and 2F</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation box="[905,1042,346,370]" captionStart="Fig18" captionStartId="28.[96,128,1145,1165]" captionTargetBox="[98,1502,210,1122]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[96,1504,208,1124]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig18. Chthamaluspanamensisspecimens.A.fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama,Panama,showingthetopviewofshellandtheappearance ofthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontergum,throughtheorifice.B,TheintactspecimenillustratedinPilsbry’sPlate75,fig2aisselectedbythepresentauthors astheLectotype,showingthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontheoutersurfaceofthetergum.C-F,fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMsofscutum andtergumfrom4specimens.Notethevariationintheshapeofthetergumamongindividuals.C,outerviewofscutumandtergum,showinghorizontal growthlinesandlongitudinalfurrowontergum(LF).D,scutumandtergum(innerandouterview)showinglongitudinalfurrowontergumoutersurface.E,F, innersideofscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161620/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">18A and 18B</figureCitation>
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). Surface with ribs extending to the apex. Orifice elliptical. Scutum and tergum articulated slightly obliquely. Scutum triangular, basal margin twice the length of the tergal margin, external surface with horizontal growth lines, and the upper portion often eroded, tergal margin with shallow articular ridge, not extending beyond the tergal margin, occludent margin straight to slightly convex, with teeth on proximal 1/3 of the margin in uneroded specimens (
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<figureCitation box="[913,1091,520,544]" captionStart="Fig18" captionStartId="28.[96,128,1145,1165]" captionTargetBox="[98,1502,210,1122]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[96,1504,208,1124]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig18. Chthamaluspanamensisspecimens.A.fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama,Panama,showingthetopviewofshellandtheappearance ofthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontergum,throughtheorifice.B,TheintactspecimenillustratedinPilsbry’sPlate75,fig2aisselectedbythepresentauthors astheLectotype,showingthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontheoutersurfaceofthetergum.C-F,fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMsofscutum andtergumfrom4specimens.Notethevariationintheshapeofthetergumamongindividuals.C,outerviewofscutumandtergum,showinghorizontal growthlinesandlongitudinalfurrowontergum(LF).D,scutumandtergum(innerandouterview)showinglongitudinalfurrowontergumoutersurface.E,F, innersideofscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161620/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 18C and 18D</figureCitation>
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). Adductor muscle pit oval, not extending to basal margin. Lateral depressor muscle pit deep and smooth (
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<figureCitation box="[1207,1344,554,578]" captionStart="Fig18" captionStartId="28.[96,128,1145,1165]" captionTargetBox="[98,1502,210,1122]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[96,1504,208,1124]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig18. Chthamaluspanamensisspecimens.A.fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama,Panama,showingthetopviewofshellandtheappearance ofthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontergum,throughtheorifice.B,TheintactspecimenillustratedinPilsbry’sPlate75,fig2aisselectedbythepresentauthors astheLectotype,showingthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontheoutersurfaceofthetergum.C-F,fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMsofscutum andtergumfrom4specimens.Notethevariationintheshapeofthetergumamongindividuals.C,outerviewofscutumandtergum,showinghorizontal growthlinesandlongitudinalfurrowontergum(LF).D,scutumandtergum(innerandouterview)showinglongitudinalfurrowontergumoutersurface.E,F, innersideofscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161620/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 18D–18F</figureCitation>
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). Tergum triangular to trapezoid, external surface with horizontal striations and a deep longitudinal furrow is visible in the basal region (
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<figureCitation box="[815,951,623,648]" captionStart="Fig18" captionStartId="28.[96,128,1145,1165]" captionTargetBox="[98,1502,210,1122]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[96,1504,208,1124]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig18. Chthamaluspanamensisspecimens.A.fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama,Panama,showingthetopviewofshellandtheappearance ofthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontergum,throughtheorifice.B,TheintactspecimenillustratedinPilsbry’sPlate75,fig2aisselectedbythepresentauthors astheLectotype,showingthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontheoutersurfaceofthetergum.C-F,fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMsofscutum andtergumfrom4specimens.Notethevariationintheshapeofthetergumamongindividuals.C,outerviewofscutumandtergum,showinghorizontal growthlinesandlongitudinalfurrowontergum(LF).D,scutumandtergum(innerandouterview)showinglongitudinalfurrowontergumoutersurface.E,F, innersideofscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161620/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 18D–18F</figureCitation>
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). Such a furrow can be observed from above through the orifice of uneroded, undissected specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1040,1216,658,682]" captionStart="Fig18" captionStartId="28.[96,128,1145,1165]" captionTargetBox="[98,1502,210,1122]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[96,1504,208,1124]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig18. Chthamaluspanamensisspecimens.A.fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama,Panama,showingthetopviewofshellandtheappearance ofthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontergum,throughtheorifice.B,TheintactspecimenillustratedinPilsbry’sPlate75,fig2aisselectedbythepresentauthors astheLectotype,showingthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontheoutersurfaceofthetergum.C-F,fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMsofscutum andtergumfrom4specimens.Notethevariationintheshapeofthetergumamongindividuals.C,outerviewofscutumandtergum,showinghorizontal growthlinesandlongitudinalfurrowontergum(LF).D,scutumandtergum(innerandouterview)showinglongitudinalfurrowontergumoutersurface.E,F, innersideofscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161620/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 18A and 18B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Inner surface of tergum smooth, scutal margin straight, spur flat and not obvious, depressor muscle crests 3–4 (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1451,1516,693,717]" captionStart="Fig18" captionStartId="28.[96,128,1145,1165]" captionTargetBox="[98,1502,210,1122]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[96,1504,208,1124]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig18. Chthamaluspanamensisspecimens.A.fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama,Panama,showingthetopviewofshellandtheappearance ofthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontergum,throughtheorifice.B,TheintactspecimenillustratedinPilsbry’sPlate75,fig2aisselectedbythepresentauthors astheLectotype,showingthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontheoutersurfaceofthetergum.C-F,fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMsofscutum andtergumfrom4specimens.Notethevariationintheshapeofthetergumamongindividuals.C,outerviewofscutumandtergum,showinghorizontal growthlinesandlongitudinalfurrowontergum(LF).D,scutumandtergum(innerandouterview)showinglongitudinalfurrowontergumoutersurface.E,F, innersideofscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161620/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 18</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="29.[533,1536,208,1896]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
The original description of
|
||
<emphasis box="[853,1111,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[853,981,728,752]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthamalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
panamensis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Pilsbry, 1916, (pp. 219–320 and Plate75 fig 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d and 2e) describes only the shell and opercular plates (also see
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1381,1461,762,786]" captionStart="Fig18" captionStartId="28.[96,128,1145,1165]" captionTargetBox="[98,1502,210,1122]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[96,1504,208,1124]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig18. Chthamaluspanamensisspecimens.A.fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama,Panama,showingthetopviewofshellandtheappearance ofthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontergum,throughtheorifice.B,TheintactspecimenillustratedinPilsbry’sPlate75,fig2aisselectedbythepresentauthors astheLectotype,showingthelongitudinalfurrow(LF)ontheoutersurfaceofthetergum.C-F,fromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMsofscutum andtergumfrom4specimens.Notethevariationintheshapeofthetergumamongindividuals.C,outerviewofscutumandtergum,showinghorizontal growthlinesandlongitudinalfurrowontergum(LF).D,scutumandtergum(innerandouterview)showinglongitudinalfurrowontergumoutersurface.E,F, innersideofscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161620/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 18B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pilsbry’ s figure of the exterior of the tergum (Plate 75 fig 2e) is closely similar to the exterior of terga in our new material. The following description of the arthropodal characters is based on new material [Avenida Amador,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[880,934,867,890]" class="Anthozoa" family="Arachnophyllidae" genus="Naos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rugosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Naos</taxonomicName>
|
||
Island].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="29.[533,1536,208,1896]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Quantitative data on segments counts in cirrus I-III were based on five specimens collected from Avenida Amador,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[787,841,936,959]" class="Anthozoa" family="Arachnophyllidae" genus="Naos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rugosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Naos</taxonomicName>
|
||
Island (PWG-1). Segment counts on cirri IV-VI were based on a single specimen from Avenida Amador,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[960,1014,971,994]" class="Anthozoa" family="Arachnophyllidae" genus="Naos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rugosa" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Naos</taxonomicName>
|
||
Island (PWG-1) (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1207,1285,970,995]" captionStart="Table4" captionStartId="12.[96,151,207,227]" captionTargetBox="[96,1536,250,661]" captionTargetId="graphics@12.[96,1536,380,505]" captionText="Table4. Segmentcounts(n=5individuals)ofChthamalusintheTropicalEasternPacificwaters." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0E662063078402C50C4CD50A0EFF3E" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="DF0E662063078402C50C4CD50A0EFF3E">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Cirrus I: posterior ramus 5- to 7-segmented, anterior ramus 6- to 8-segmented, outer surface with a longitudinal array of long setae, with almost one seta per segment, serrulate setae common on both rami (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[540,728,1074,1099]" captionStart="Fig19" captionStartId="30.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1148,211,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[96,1151,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 19A and 19B</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[780,883,1074,1099]" captionStart="Fig20" captionStartId="31.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[98,1185,210,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[96,1187,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">20A–20D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cirrus I without bidenticulate setae (absent from all specimens examined), pappose setae on basipodite (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1029,1108,1109,1133]" captionStart="Fig20" captionStartId="31.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[98,1185,210,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[96,1187,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 20E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cirrus II: posterior ramus 5 to 7 segments, anterior ramus 6 to 8 segments (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[949,1043,1144,1168]" captionStart="Fig19" captionStartId="30.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1148,211,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[96,1151,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 19C</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1095,1140,1144,1168]" captionStart="Fig20" captionStartId="31.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[98,1185,210,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[96,1187,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">20G</figureCitation>
|
||
), the most distal segment of each ramus with bidenticulate setae with basal guards, serrulate setae common on both rami (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Fig19" captionStartId="30.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1148,211,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[96,1151,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 19C and 19D</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[725,817,1213,1237]" captionStart="Fig20" captionStartId="31.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[98,1185,210,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[96,1187,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">20G–20I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation box="[829,907,1213,1237]" captionStart="Table4" captionStartId="12.[96,151,207,227]" captionTargetBox="[96,1536,250,661]" captionTargetId="graphics@12.[96,1536,380,505]" captionText="Table4. Segmentcounts(n=5individuals)ofChthamalusintheTropicalEasternPacificwaters." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0E662063078402C50C4CD50A0EFF3E" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="DF0E662063078402C50C4CD50A0EFF3E">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Pappose setae on basipodite (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1238,1406,1213,1237]" captionStart="Fig20" captionStartId="31.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[98,1185,210,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[96,1187,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 20J and 20K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cirrus III: posterior 12- to 16-segmented, anterior ramus 16- to 22-segmented, 1.4 to 1.5 times the length of the anterior ramus (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[772,852,1282,1307]" captionStart="Fig19" captionStartId="30.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1148,211,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[96,1151,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 19E</figureCitation>
|
||
), intermediate segments bear 3 pairs of long and 1 pair of short setae (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[598,690,1317,1341]" captionStart="Fig19" captionStartId="30.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1148,211,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[96,1151,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 19E</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[741,840,1317,1341]" captionStart="Fig20" captionStartId="31.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[98,1185,210,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[96,1187,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">20L–20N</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cirrus IV: anterior and posterior rami similar in length (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Fig19" captionStartId="30.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1148,211,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[96,1151,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 19F</figureCitation>
|
||
), anterior and posterior rami 16 segmented (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1046,1136,1352,1376]" captionStart="Fig19" captionStartId="30.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1148,211,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[96,1151,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 19F</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1188,1325,1352,1376]" captionStart="Fig20" captionStartId="31.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[98,1185,210,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[96,1187,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">20O and 20P</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cirrus V: anterior and posterior rami 16-segmented (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[900,984,1386,1411]" captionStart="Fig19" captionStartId="30.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1148,211,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[96,1151,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig 19G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cirrus VI: anterior ramus 19-segmented, posterior ramus 20-segmented (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[767,864,1421,1445]" captionStart="Fig19" captionStartId="30.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1148,211,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[96,1151,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 19H</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[916,961,1421,1445]" captionStart="Fig20" captionStartId="31.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[98,1185,210,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[96,1187,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">20Q</figureCitation>
|
||
). The intermediate segments of cirri IV-VI bear three pairs of long and one or two pairs of short simple setae (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1122,1271,1455,1480]" captionStart="Fig19" captionStartId="30.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1148,211,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[96,1151,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig19. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.Lightmicrographs.A,B,cirrusI.B,detailshowingtheabsenceofa bidenticulatesetaontheanteriorramus.C,D,cirrusII.D,showingthebidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards,in theinsert,andthepresenceofbidenticulate setaewithbasalguardsonthefirstsegmentofanteriorandposteriorrami.E,cirrusIII:notethedifference inlengthsofthetworami.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV. H,cirrusVI.IntermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirriIII-VIareshownas insertsinE-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 19F–19H</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1324,1456,1456,1480]" captionStart="Fig20" captionStartId="31.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[98,1185,210,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[96,1187,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig20. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-F,cirrusI,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeinB,C,D,Fonrami andpapposesetae(E)onbasipodite.G–K,cirrusII,showingdetailsof:H,bidenticulatesetaewithbasalguards;I,serrulatesetaeonfirstsegmentsof anteriorandposteriorrami;J,K,papposesetaeonbasipodite.L,cirrusIII(leftandrightpair),notethedifferenceinlengthofanteriorandposteriorrami.M, intermediatesegmentsofposteriorramusofcirrus III.N,intermediatesegmenstofanteriorramusofcirrusIII.O-P,cirrusIV,withdetailofintermediate segmentinP.Q-S,cirrusVI,withdetailsofintermediatesegmentsin(S)and(R).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">20S and 20R</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="29.[533,1536,208,1896]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Maxilla bilobed, with dense serrulate setae on each lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1161,1255,1490,1515]" captionStart="Fig21" captionStartId="32.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1135,214,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[96,1138,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig21. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.LightMicrographs.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C.mandible.D,secondto fourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E-F,mandibularpalp,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp(F).G,labrum. H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g021" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161626/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 21A</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1307,1408,1490,1515]" captionStart="Fig22" captionStartId="33.[96,128,1735,1755]" captionTargetBox="[99,1217,213,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[96,1220,210,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig22. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-C,maxilla.B,C,detailsofserrulatesetaeontipsofthetwo lobesofmaxilla.D,E,maxillule,withdetailofsimplesetae(E).F-H,mandible.G,detailsofthebidenticulatesecond,thirdandfourthteethonthemandible. H-J,Mandible,withdetailofpecten(I)andsimplesetaeonoutermargin(J).K,Pectenofmandible fromadditionalspecimen.L-N,Mandibularpalpwith detailsofserrulatesetaeontip(M)andonsuperiormargin(N).O,P,Labrumwithdetailofcuttingedge(P).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161628/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">22A–22C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Maxillule notched, notch weak, two large setae above notch, 10 setae below notch (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1296,1388,1525,1549]" captionStart="Fig21" captionStartId="32.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1135,214,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[96,1138,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig21. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.LightMicrographs.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C.mandible.D,secondto fourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E-F,mandibularpalp,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp(F).G,labrum. H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g021" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161626/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 21B</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Fig22" captionStartId="33.[96,128,1735,1755]" captionTargetBox="[99,1217,213,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[96,1220,210,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig22. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-C,maxilla.B,C,detailsofserrulatesetaeontipsofthetwo lobesofmaxilla.D,E,maxillule,withdetailofsimplesetae(E).F-H,mandible.G,detailsofthebidenticulatesecond,thirdandfourthteethonthemandible. H-J,Mandible,withdetailofpecten(I)andsimplesetaeonoutermargin(J).K,Pectenofmandible fromadditionalspecimen.L-N,Mandibularpalpwith detailsofserrulatesetaeontip(M)andonsuperiormargin(N).O,P,Labrumwithdetailofcuttingedge(P).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161628/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">22D and 22E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mandible has 4 major teeth, second to fourth teeth bidenticulate, pecten with 21 very small teeth, inferior angle tipped with 3 pointed teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1106,1297,1594,1618]" captionStart="Fig21" captionStartId="32.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1135,214,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[96,1138,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig21. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.LightMicrographs.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C.mandible.D,secondto fourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E-F,mandibularpalp,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp(F).G,labrum. H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g021" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161626/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 21C and 21D</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1349,1445,1594,1618]" captionStart="Fig22" captionStartId="33.[96,128,1735,1755]" captionTargetBox="[99,1217,213,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[96,1220,210,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig22. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-C,maxilla.B,C,detailsofserrulatesetaeontipsofthetwo lobesofmaxilla.D,E,maxillule,withdetailofsimplesetae(E).F-H,mandible.G,detailsofthebidenticulatesecond,thirdandfourthteethonthemandible. H-J,Mandible,withdetailofpecten(I)andsimplesetaeonoutermargin(J).K,Pectenofmandible fromadditionalspecimen.L-N,Mandibularpalpwith detailsofserrulatesetaeontip(M)andonsuperiormargin(N).O,P,Labrumwithdetailofcuttingedge(P).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161628/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">22F–22K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mandibular palp rectangular, with long simple setae on tip and serrulate setae on superior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[540,723,1664,1688]" captionStart="Fig21" captionStartId="32.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1135,214,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[96,1138,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig21. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.LightMicrographs.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C.mandible.D,secondto fourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E-F,mandibularpalp,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp(F).G,labrum. H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g021" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161626/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 21E and 21F</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[775,972,1664,1688]" captionStart="Fig22" captionStartId="33.[96,128,1735,1755]" captionTargetBox="[99,1217,213,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[96,1220,210,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig22. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-C,maxilla.B,C,detailsofserrulatesetaeontipsofthetwo lobesofmaxilla.D,E,maxillule,withdetailofsimplesetae(E).F-H,mandible.G,detailsofthebidenticulatesecond,thirdandfourthteethonthemandible. H-J,Mandible,withdetailofpecten(I)andsimplesetaeonoutermargin(J).K,Pectenofmandible fromadditionalspecimen.L-N,Mandibularpalpwith detailsofserrulatesetaeontip(M)andonsuperiormargin(N).O,P,Labrumwithdetailofcuttingedge(P).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161628/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">22L, 22M and 22N</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labrum concave, with 6 or 7 small fine teeth on cutting edge (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[675,868,1698,1722]" captionStart="Fig21" captionStartId="32.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1135,214,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[96,1138,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig21. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.LightMicrographs.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C.mandible.D,secondto fourthteeth,pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E-F,mandibularpalp,withdetailsofserrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp(F).G,labrum. H,cuttingmarginoflabrumshowingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g021" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161626/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 21G and 21H</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation box="[920,1057,1698,1722]" captionStart="Fig22" captionStartId="33.[96,128,1735,1755]" captionTargetBox="[99,1217,213,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[96,1220,210,1714]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig22. ChthamaluspanamensisfromAvenidaAmador,NaosIsland,Panama.SEMs.A-C,maxilla.B,C,detailsofserrulatesetaeontipsofthetwo lobesofmaxilla.D,E,maxillule,withdetailofsimplesetae(E).F-H,mandible.G,detailsofthebidenticulatesecond,thirdandfourthteethonthemandible. H-J,Mandible,withdetailofpecten(I)andsimplesetaeonoutermargin(J).K,Pectenofmandible fromadditionalspecimen.L-N,Mandibularpalpwith detailsofserrulatesetaeontip(M)andonsuperiormargin(N).O,P,Labrumwithdetailofcuttingedge(P).Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g022" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161628/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">22O and 22P</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="29.[533,1536,208,1896]" box="[565,902,1733,1757]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Penis without basi-dorsal point.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="29.[533,1536,208,1896]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,712,1767,1791]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Pacific coast of Central America from about 14° N to 8° 15' N (southern limit unknown).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="29.[533,1536,208,1896]" lastBlockId="34.[533,1536,208,509]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Remarks. Specimens of
|
||
<emphasis box="[816,833,1838,1861]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[844,967,1838,1861]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">panamensis</emphasis>
|
||
collected for the present study agreed with the syntypes of
|
||
<emphasis box="[621,638,1872,1895]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[650,774,1872,1895]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">panamensis</emphasis>
|
||
described by Pilsbry [
|
||
<bibRefCitation box="[1006,1019,1872,1896]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="2. Pilsbry HA. The sessile barnacles (Cirripedia) contained in the collections of the U. S. National Museum; including a monograph of the American species. U. S. National Museum Bulletin no. 93: 1 - 366.">2</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] in having a deep groove on the outer surface of the tergum, which is the key diagnostic feature of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1056,1073,208,231]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1084,1207,208,231]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">panamensis</emphasis>
|
||
. This morphological feature of the tergum was also reported in Pitombo & Burton [
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pitombo FB & Burton R." box="[1084,1110,243,267]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 30" part="1547" refString="12. Pitombo FB, Burton R. Systematics and biogeography of Tropical Eastern Pacific Chthamalus with descriptions of two new species (Cirripedia, Thoracica). Zootaxa. 2007; 1547: 1 - 30." title="Systematics and biogeography of Tropical Eastern Pacific Chthamalus with descriptions of two new species (Cirripedia, Thoracica)" type="journal article" year="2007">12</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161622/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[100,1148,211,1708]" targetPageId="30">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="30.[96,1518,1733,1870]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[96,865,1733,1753]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Fig 19.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,416,1733,1753]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[168,290,1733,1753]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthamalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
panamensis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Avenida Amador,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[649,701,1733,1753]" class="Anthozoa" family="Arachnophyllidae" genus="Naos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rugosa" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Naos</taxonomicName>
|
||
Island, Panama.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Light micrographs. A, B, cirrus I. B, detail showing the absence of a bidenticulate seta on the anterior ramus. C, D, cirrus II. D, showing the bidenticulate setae with basal guards,in the insert, and the presence of bidenticulate setae with basal guards on the first segment of anterior and posterior rami. E, cirrus III: note the difference in lengths of the two rami. F, cirrus IV. G, cirrus V. H, cirrus VI. Intermediate segments of anterior rami of cirri III-VI are shown as inserts in E-H. Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g019
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161624/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[98,1185,210,1710]" targetPageId="31">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="31.[96,1509,1733,1854]" lastBlockId="31.[96,398,1875,1895]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[96,865,1733,1753]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Fig 20.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,416,1733,1753]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[168,290,1733,1753]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthamalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
panamensis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Avenida Amador,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[649,701,1733,1753]" class="Anthozoa" family="Arachnophyllidae" genus="Naos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rugosa" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Naos</taxonomicName>
|
||
Island, Panama.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SEMs. A-F, cirrus I, with details of serrulate setae in B, C, D, F on rami and pappose setae (E) on basipodite. G–K, cirrus II, showing details of: H, bidenticulate setae with basal guards; I, serrulate setae on first segments of anterior and posterior rami; J, K, pappose setae on basipodite. L, cirrus III (left and right pair), note the difference in length of anterior and posterior rami. M, intermediate segments of posterior ramus of cirrus III. N, intermediate segmenst of anterior ramus of cirrus III. O-P, cirrus IV, with detail of intermediate segment in P. Q-S, cirrus VI, with details of intermediate segments in (S) and (R). Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g020
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161626/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[100,1135,214,1710]" targetPageId="32">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[96,1528,1733,1845]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[96,865,1733,1753]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Fig 21.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,416,1733,1753]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[168,290,1733,1753]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthamalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
panamensis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Avenida Amador,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[649,701,1733,1753]" class="Anthozoa" family="Arachnophyllidae" genus="Naos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rugosa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Naos</taxonomicName>
|
||
Island, Panama.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Light Micrographs. A, maxilla. B, maxillule. C. mandible. D, second to fourth teeth, pecten and inferior angle of mandible. E- F, mandibular palp, with details ofserrulate setae on superior margin of mandibular palp (F). G, labrum. H, cutting margin of labrum showing the fine teeth. Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g021
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161628/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" targetBox="[99,1217,213,1711]" targetPageId="33">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[96,1514,1735,1831]" lastBlockId="33.[96,398,1852,1872]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[96,865,1735,1755]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Fig 22.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,416,1735,1755]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[168,290,1735,1755]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthamalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
panamensis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Avenida Amador,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[649,701,1735,1755]" class="Anthozoa" family="Arachnophyllidae" genus="Naos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rugosa" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Naos</taxonomicName>
|
||
Island, Panama.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SEMs. A-C, maxilla. B, C, details of serrulate setae on tips of the two lobes of maxilla. D, E, maxillule, with detail of simple setae (E). F-H, mandible. G, details of the bidenticulate second, third and fourth teeth on the mandible. H-J, Mandible, with detail of pecten (I) and simple setae on outer margin (J). K, Pecten of mandible from additional specimen. L-N, Mandibular palp with details of serrulate setae on tip (M) and on superior margin (N). O, P, Labrum with detail of cutting edge (P). Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g022
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[533,1536,208,509]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Benny K. K. Chan & H. -N. Chen & P. R. Dando & A. J. Southward & E. C. Southward, 2016" authorityName="Benny K. K. Chan & H. -N. Chen & P. R. Dando & A. J. Southward & E. C. Southward" authorityYear="2016" box="[724,850,277,301]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="newmani" status="sp. nov">
|
||
<emphasis box="[724,741,277,300]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[752,850,278,301]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">newmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[856,931,278,301]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is distinguishable from
|
||
<emphasis box="[1184,1201,277,300]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1212,1407,278,301]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">panamensis in situ</emphasis>
|
||
by its lack of deep tergal grooves. In addition, it has has brown tergo-scutal flaps while those of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1423,1440,312,335]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">panamensis</emphasis>
|
||
are orange. The flaps are visible in the living barnacle when the orifice is open under water (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[607,751,381,405]" captionStart="Fig2" captionStartId="8.[96,128,1511,1531]" captionTargetBox="[99,1277,211,1487]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[96,1280,208,1490]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161639/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig 2E and 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Arthropodal character differences are: Cirrus I of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benny K. K. Chan & H. -N. Chen & P. R. Dando & A. J. Southward & E. C. Southward" authorityYear="2016" box="[1294,1420,381,405]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="newmani">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1294,1311,381,404]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1322,1420,382,405]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">newmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has bidenticulate setae, Cirrus I of
|
||
<emphasis box="[795,812,416,439]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[824,947,416,439]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">panamensis</emphasis>
|
||
does not. Cirrus III of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Benny K. K. Chan & H. -N. Chen & P. R. Dando & A. J. Southward & E. C. Southward" authorityYear="2016" box="[1188,1314,416,439]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="newmani">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1188,1205,416,439]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1216,1314,416,439]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">newmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has equal rami. Cirrus III of
|
||
<emphasis box="[632,649,451,474]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[661,785,451,474]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">panamensis</emphasis>
|
||
has unequal rami. This feature of cirrus III in
|
||
<emphasis box="[1271,1288,451,474]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1299,1422,451,474]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">panamensis</emphasis>
|
||
was not reported by Pilsbry [
|
||
<bibRefCitation box="[750,763,485,509]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="2. Pilsbry HA. The sessile barnacles (Cirripedia) contained in the collections of the U. S. National Museum; including a monograph of the American species. U. S. National Museum Bulletin no. 93: 1 - 366.">2</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] or Pitombo & Burton [
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pitombo FB & Burton R." box="[1020,1046,485,509]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 30" part="1547" refString="12. Pitombo FB, Burton R. Systematics and biogeography of Tropical Eastern Pacific Chthamalus with descriptions of two new species (Cirripedia, Thoracica). Zootaxa. 2007; 1547: 1 - 30." title="Systematics and biogeography of Tropical Eastern Pacific Chthamalus with descriptions of two new species (Cirripedia, Thoracica)" type="journal article" year="2007">12</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |