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<document id="3347B87BE7B07A069B186E9F85414C97" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.917.2395" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10495738" ID-ZooBank="3C2B9600-0276-4B8E-A3FD-36653D7D79B6" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1705057166066" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Suárez-Morales, Eduardo" docDate="2024" docId="03CE094BFFBCF20BE262F917FAEEFE69" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.917.152-169.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 917" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2395/10573" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Monstrilla annulata Suárez-Morales 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="FFF77133FFBBF200E00DFFE4FFC8FFD9" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Monstrilla (Copepoda: Monstrilloida: Monstrillidae) from a protected reef system of the Mexican Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="169" masterPageNumber="152" pageNumber="159" updateTime="1705077941642" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="20205B6E4C09DE149796689F1353A63E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="4A4BB12E71FC665447E14ED281909422">
<mods:title id="5212A1EF611EC784A4F9879FCBA3C3D9">Two new species of Monstrilla (Copepoda: Monstrilloida: Monstrillidae) from a protected reef system of the Mexican Caribbean</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6CAE5D3FFC8AE3E49B3B5C7B76B09E9C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BC4951BAD90F2BF9C9CEF01FEE7932A8">
<mods:roleTerm id="5F1EC54E65BCE091B20CB31ED337F8DA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B488B98C9EE9A86DB0DE0EEF904A56C1">Suárez-Morales, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9F1B0AA0A61E0161A84136B89A67E65C">El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR) Unidad Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico, 77014.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9B0A22E5C38391C81358EC5241E09E43" type="email">esuarez@ecosur.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="5878303A87B744AB5BCE8F651C2AEDFA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C7F3BB3C38996C5844F14A7D7D675866">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="5115FA78558EB80DD240CC25F13E013F">
<mods:date id="E01C638332A6696574F865155EAB76B3">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="18D4594CDA094BD4E117248885808C46" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="68E37512C0E1F710C186839C8369B45E">2024-01-12</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="9FCDB9AC8224B64B56BCCB4D212B6EDB" type="volume">
<mods:number id="225A494C24F0CA544236D6D4635BB6CC">917</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="48A324C7BFD84671235950A19210092B">https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2395/10573</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="44488CA44C5C69D75F8B58EDA3BBA2DA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4B5D626D2103E65A6B5E66FC3268A9B5" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2024.917.2395</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8E4347EE9A9518196103DF84691B0AE7" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5CB7692383B3C915D9EB037DA22B10CD" type="Zenodo-Dep">10495738</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2D25529F026EECA191184CBCF5378166" type="ZooBank">3C2B9600-0276-4B8E-A3FD-36653D7D79B6</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03CE094BFFBCF20BE262F917FAEEFE69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE094BFFBCF20BE262F917FAEEFE69" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CE094BFFBCF20BE262F917FAEEFE69" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">
<subSubSection id="C37DEBD6FFBCF207E262F917FC0DF8D7" box="[623,965,1779,1806]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFBCF207E262F917FC0DF8D7" blockId="7.[367,1220,1779,1876]" box="[623,965,1779,1806]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">
<heading id="D0900F31FFBCF207E262F917FC0DF8D7" box="[623,965,1779,1806]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFBCF207E262F917FCABF8D7" authority="Suárez-Morales, 2024" authorityName="Suárez-Morales" authorityYear="2024" box="[623,867,1779,1806]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFBCF207E262F917FCABF8D7" bold="true" box="[623,867,1779,1806]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">Monstrilla annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220D934FFBCF207E367F910FC0DF8D7" box="[874,965,1780,1806]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37DEBD6FFBCF207E162F8F2FC85F88D" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFBCF207E162F8F2FB0CF8E8" blockId="7.[367,1220,1779,1876]" box="[367,1220,1814,1841]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">
<uri id="FFF6B45FFFBCF207E162F8F2FB0CF8E8" box="[367,1220,1814,1841]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFC18288FFBCF207E29CF8F2FB0CF8E8" box="[657,1220,1814,1841]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">6AFE4500-1C37-4AC0-87B5-AF4D511B8842</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFBCF207E2EAF8DEFC85F88D" blockId="7.[367,1220,1779,1876]" box="[743,845,1850,1876]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFBCF207E2EAF8DEFC85F88D" box="[743,845,1850,1876]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionStartId-1="11.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionStartId-2="12.[189,232,1735,1761]" captionTargetBox-0="[215,1383,295,1752]" captionTargetBox-1="[242,1359,498,1809]" captionTargetBox-2="[213,1374,303,1652]" captionTargetId-0="figure-11@10.[189,1398,275,1767]" captionTargetId-1="figure-104@11.[220,1368,483,1822]" captionTargetId-2="figure-12@12.[189,1398,279,1672]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionText-0="Fig. 4. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Left antennule with some setal elements or setal groups (v.gr., 2v1-3, 2d 1-3) labeled following Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka’s (1995) nomenclature, ventral view. B. Distal (fourth) segment of right antennule, ventral view, showing truncate, disc-like apical modification. C. Detail of ring-like constrictions of fourth antennulary segment, ventral view. D. Truncate, disc-like apical process of antennule, showing reduced aesthetasc 6aes and absence of usual apical elements 6 1 and 6 2 (sensu Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka 1995)." captionText-1="Fig. 5. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Cluster of three crater-like pores (arrow) between the antennule bases, ventral view. B. Urosome, showing fifth leg and short ovigerous spines, semi-lateral view. C. Fifth leg showing fine integumental sculpturing and hirsute outer margin, ventral view. D. Detail of inner margin of fifth leg’s exopodal lobe showing diagonal incisions, ventral view." captionText-2="Fig. 6. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Leg 2, outer spine of first exopodal segment, showing ornamentation. B. Leg 1, outer spine of third exopodal segment and outer apical spiniform seta, both showing ornamentation. C. Anterior half of cephalothorax showing oral cone (oc) and preoral ornamentation, ventral view. D. Detail of caudal setae II and III, lateral view, showing grooves. E. Last urosomites showing dense pattern of fine, undulate thread-like integumental sculpturing, ventral view. F. Caudal rami showing large ventral pore (CP) and modified caudal setae II, III, and IV, with lateral grooves." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495748" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495752" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495754" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10495748/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10495752/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10495754/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">Figs 4–6</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37DEBD6FFBCF208E0B0F89FFCFFFDE4" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="160" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFBCF207E0B0F89FFE01F84C" blockId="7.[189,457,1915,1941]" box="[189,457,1915,1941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">
<heading id="D0900F31FFBCF207E0B0F89FFE01F84C" bold="true" box="[189,457,1915,1941]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFBCF207E0B0F89FFE01F84C" bold="true" box="[189,457,1915,1941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFBCF208E0B0F84EFCFFFDE4" blockId="7.[187,1399,1962,2030]" lastBlockId="8.[189,1400,265,573]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="160" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">
Medium- to large-sized female
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFBCF207E22DF84EFD53F81D" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1849" box="[544,667,1962,1988]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="7" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFBCF207E22DF84EFD53F81D" box="[544,667,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">Monstrilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with long cephalothorax.Antennule 4-segmented, with reduced setal armature: segment 1 unmodified; segment 2 lacking all elements of ‘2v’ group (i.e., 2v
<subScript id="17E3BA18FFBCF207E4DEF804FB22F837" attach="right" box="[1235,1258,2016,2030]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="159">1-3</subScript>
); segment 3 with usual armature and 3 weak integumental constrictions; and segment 4 with 5–7 deep integumental constrictions making it appear multi-annulate, with apex modified into diagonally truncate tip forming flat, disc-like structure with reduced armature, i.e., lacking usual apical elements 6
<subScript id="17E3BA18FFB3F208E48CFE86FB42FEA9" attach="left" box="[1153,1162,354,368]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">1</subScript>
and 6
<subScript id="17E3BA18FFB3F208E4DFFE86FB13FEA9" attach="left" box="[1234,1243,354,368]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">2</subScript>
but retaining reduced 6aes. Fifth legs weakly bilobed, with endopodal lobe represented by short, flat protuberance on proximal inner margin of exopodal lobe, latter represented by large, subrectangular plate with incised inner margin, distinctively pilose outer margin, and one distal and one subdistal seta. Ovigerous spines not reaching to distal margins of caudal rami. Surface of caudal rami and other appendages, including proximal parts of ovigerous spines and urosomites (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB3F208E324FE1BFC4BFDC0" box="[809,899,511,537]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1735,1761]" captionTargetBox="[213,1374,303,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[189,1398,279,1672]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Leg 2, outer spine of first exopodal segment, showing ornamentation. B. Leg 1, outer spine of third exopodal segment and outer apical spiniform seta, both showing ornamentation. C. Anterior half of cephalothorax showing oral cone (oc) and preoral ornamentation, ventral view. D. Detail of caudal setae II and III, lateral view, showing grooves. E. Last urosomites showing dense pattern of fine, undulate thread-like integumental sculpturing, ventral view. F. Caudal rami showing large ventral pore (CP) and modified caudal setae II, III, and IV, with lateral grooves." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495754/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
), densely sculptured with fine, thread-like undulate patterns. Caudal rami each bearing five setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37DEBD6FFB3F208E0B0FD80FE47FD2A" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0B0FD80FE8CFDA7" blockId="8.[189,324,612,638]" box="[189,324,612,638]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<heading id="D0900F31FFB3F208E0B0FD80FE8CFDA7" bold="true" box="[189,324,612,638]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB3F208E0B0FD80FE8CFDA7" bold="true" box="[189,324,612,638]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0B0FD76FE47FD2A" blockId="8.[189,1399,658,755]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">The specific name is a Latin adjective with a feminine suffix to match the gender of the genus, meaning ‘ringed’ in reference to the worm-like appearance of the integumental constrictions of antennular segments 3 and 4.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37DEBD6FFB3F208E0B0FCFEFEC9FA4A" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0B0FCFEFEA4FCED" blockId="8.[189,364,794,820]" box="[189,364,794,820]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<heading id="D0900F31FFB3F208E0B0FCFEFEA4FCED" bold="true" box="[189,364,794,820]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB3F208E0B0FCFEFEA4FCED" bold="true" box="[189,364,794,820]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<materialsCitation id="3B0FB200FFB3F208E0E7FCADFC82FC14" collectingDate="2022-03-03" collectorName="L. Vasquez-Yeomans &amp; J. A. Cohuo-Colli &amp; J. Lopez-May &amp; F. Andrade" country="Mexico" elevation="3" latitude="18.267792" location="Xcalak" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.82896" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" specimenCode="ECO-CH-Z 11810" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0E7FCADFE94FCBA" blockId="8.[189,1399,841,973]" box="[234,348,841,867]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB3F208E0E7FCADFE94FCBA" bold="true" box="[234,348,841,867]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<typeStatus id="54DC06FFFFB3F208E0E7FCADFE94FCBA" box="[234,348,841,867]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0B0FC88FC82FC14" blockId="8.[189,1399,841,973]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<collectingCountry id="F370F8CDFFB3F208E0B0FC88FEF9FC5F" box="[189,305,876,902]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="9D6173D4FFB3F208E16EFC89FEB1FC5E" box="[355,377,877,903]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, undissected glycerin-preserved in vial;
<location id="8EB8EE86FFB3F208E398FC88FC20FC5F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CE094BFFBCF20BE262F917FAEEFE69:8EB8EE86FFB3F208E398FC88FC20FC5F" box="[917,1000,876,902]" country="Mexico" latitude="18.267792" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.82896" name="Xcalak" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Xcalak</location>
reef lagoon;
<geoCoordinate id="EE53DE9AFFB3F208E4A6FC8FFABAFC5E" box="[1195,1394,875,903]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" precision="1" seconds="04.05" value="18.267792">18°16′04.05″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE53DE9AFFB3F208E0B0FC6AFEB4FC73" box="[189,380,910,938]" degrees="87" direction="west" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" precision="1" seconds="44.24" value="-87.82896">87°49′44.24″ W</geoCoordinate>
; depth
<quantity id="4C9F15B8FFB3F208E1DDFC6BFDDEFC73" box="[464,534,911,938]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" unit="m" value="2.5">
<elevation id="004A5F6EFFB3F208E1DDFC6BFDDEFC73" box="[464,534,911,938]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" unit="m" value="2.5">2.5 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<date id="FFD99E9DFFB3F208E22CFC6BFD7AFC70" box="[545,690,911,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" value="2022-03-03">
<collectingDate id="EF9D6775FFB3F208E22CFC6BFD7AFC70" box="[545,690,911,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" value="2022-03-03">3 Mar. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="2692DD8BFFB3F208E2B3FC74FC74FC70" box="[702,956,911,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">L. Vásquez-Yeomans</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="2692DD8BFFB3F208E3CBFC74FB5AFC70" box="[966,1170,911,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">J.A. Cohuo-Colli</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="2692DD8BFFB3F208E490FC74FA89FC70" box="[1181,1345,911,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">J. López-May</collectorName>
, and
<collectorName id="2692DD8BFFB3F208E0B0FC57FEF5FC15" box="[189,317,946,973]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">F. Andrade</collectorName>
leg.; plankton light-trap;
<specimenCode id="DBC11026FFB3F208E267FC57FC8EFC14" box="[618,838,947,973]" collectionCode="ECO-CH-Z" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rbd5-ct7f" name="El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal Unit" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="Museum">ECO-CH-Z 11810</specimenCode>
.
</paragraph>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B0FB200FFB3F208E0E7FC10FCAEFB8D" collectingDate="2022-03-03" collectorName="L. Vasquez-Yeomans &amp; J. A. Cohuo-Colli &amp; J. Lopez-May &amp; F. Andrade" country="Mexico" elevation="3" latitude="18.267792" location="MEXICO" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.82896" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" specimenCode="ECO-CH-Z 11811" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" typeStatus="paratype">
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0E7FC10FEAFFBD7" blockId="8.[189,1398,1012,1144]" box="[234,359,1012,1038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB3F208E0E7FC10FEAFFBD7" bold="true" box="[234,359,1012,1038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<typeStatus id="54DC06FFFFB3F208E0E7FC10FEAFFBD7" box="[234,359,1012,1038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0B0FBF3FB7FFBA1" blockId="8.[189,1398,1012,1144]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<collectingCountry id="F370F8CDFFB3F208E0B0FBF3FEF9FBE8" box="[189,305,1047,1073]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="9D6173D4FFB3F208E147FBF3FE45FBEB" box="[330,397,1047,1074]" count="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6173D4FFB3F208E196FBF3FE0FFBEB" box="[411,455,1047,1074]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
of them undissected, mounted in glycerine on slide, sealed with acrylic varnish; same collection data as for holotype;
<specimenCode id="DBC11026FFB3F208E286FBDEFCAEFB8D" box="[651,870,1082,1108]" collectionCode="ECO-CH-Z" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rbd5-ct7f" name="El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal Unit" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="Museum">ECO-CH-Z 11811</specimenCode>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B0FB200FFB3F208E38AFBDEFB7CFBA1" collectingDate="2022-03-03" collectorName="L. Vasquez-Yeomans &amp; J. A. Cohuo-Colli &amp; J. Lopez-May &amp; F. Andrade" country="Mexico" elevation="3" latitude="18.267792" location="Xcalak" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.82896" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" specimenCode="ECO-CH-Z 11818" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D6173D4FFB3F208E38AFBDEFC06FB8C" box="[903,974,1082,1109]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, two partly dissected, gold-coated, mounted on single SEM stub; same collection data as for holotype;
<specimenCode id="DBC11026FFB3F208E3DAFBBAFB7CFBA1" box="[983,1204,1118,1144]" collectionCode="ECO-CH-Z" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rbd5-ct7f" name="El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal Unit" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="Museum">ECO-CH-Z 11818</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</materialsCitation>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0E7FB7BFE6EFB60" blockId="8.[189,1399,1183,1280]" box="[234,422,1183,1209]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB3F208E0E7FB7BFE6EFB60" bold="true" box="[234,422,1183,1209]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Other material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0B0FB26FE18FB26" blockId="8.[189,1399,1183,1280]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<materialsCitation id="3B0FB200FFB3F208E0B0FB26FE05FB26" collectingDate="2022-03-03" collectionCode="ECOSUR" collectorName="L. Vasquez-Yeomans &amp; J. A. Cohuo-Colli &amp; J. Lopez-May &amp; F. Andrade" country="Mexico" elevation="3" latitude="18.267792" location="MEXICO" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-87.82896" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<collectingCountry id="F370F8CDFFB3F208E0B0FB26FEF9FB05" box="[189,305,1218,1244]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="9D6173D4FFB3F208E15CFB26FE50FB04" box="[337,408,1218,1245]" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
, undissected in vial with glycerol; same collection data as for holotype; author’s collection at
<collectionCode id="ED762098FFB3F208E158FB01FE05FB26" box="[341,461,1253,1279]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dtqq-2t5p" name="El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (Mexico)" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="Museum">ECOSUR</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0B0FAC3FE95FA98" blockId="8.[189,349,1319,1345]" box="[189,349,1319,1345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<heading id="D0900F31FFB3F208E0B0FAC3FE95FA98" bold="true" box="[189,349,1319,1345]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB3F208E0B0FAC3FE95FA98" bold="true" box="[189,349,1319,1345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0B0FAB1FEC9FA4A" blockId="8.[189,1399,1364,1427]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
Reef lagoon of Xcalak (
<geoCoordinate id="EE53DE9AFFB3F208E1E9FAB0FD6CFAA9" box="[484,676,1364,1392]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" precision="1" seconds="04.05" value="18.267792">18°16′04.05″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE53DE9AFFB3F208E2BEFAB0FCB0FAB6" box="[691,888,1364,1392]" degrees="87" direction="west" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" precision="1" seconds="44.24" value="-87.82896">87°49′44.24″ W</geoCoordinate>
), southern part of the Mexican Caribbean coast.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37DEBD6FFB3F209E0B0FA5EFE98FBBF" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0B0FA5EFE09FA0D" blockId="8.[189,449,1466,1495]" box="[189,449,1466,1495]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB3F208E0B0FA5EFE86FA0D" bold="true" box="[189,334,1466,1492]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Description</emphasis>
(adult
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB3F208E1ACFA5FFE7FFA0E" bold="true" box="[417,439,1467,1495]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<specimenCount id="9D6173D4FFB3F208E1ACFA5FFE7FFA0E" box="[417,439,1467,1495]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0B0FA0DFE95F9B5" blockId="8.[189,1399,1512,1644]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E2E81FFB3F208E0B0FA0DFEA6F9D8" baselines="1532,1532" box="[189,366,1513,1539]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
. Body length of
<typeStatus id="54DC06FFFFB3F208E230FA0CFD6CF9DB" box="[573,676,1512,1538]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<quantity id="4C9F15B8FFB3F208E2A0FA0CFCDFF9DA" box="[685,791,1512,1539]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="1.96">1.96 mm</quantity>
measured from ‘forehead’ to posterior end of anal somite,
<specimenCount id="9D6173D4FFB3F208E116F9E8FE06F9FF" box="[283,462,1548,1574]" count="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">three paratypes</specimenCount>
2.00, 2.12, and
<quantity id="4C9F15B8FFB3F208E29CF9E8FD33F9FF" box="[657,763,1548,1575]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="2.25">2.25 mm</quantity>
long, two non-type individuals 2.0 and
<quantity id="4C9F15B8FFB3F208E4D5F9E8FAFBF9FF" box="[1240,1331,1548,1574]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
long. Body tagmosis as usual in female
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB3F208E267F9CBFD2EF990" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1849" box="[618,742,1583,1609]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB3F208E267F9CBFD2EF990" box="[618,742,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Monstrilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF6C5ACFFB3F208E2F7F9CBFC4AF993" author="Isaac M. J." box="[762,898,1583,1610]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref7589" refString="Isaac M. J. 1975. Copepoda, Suborder: Monstrilloida. Fiches d'Identification du Zooplancton 144 / 145: 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1975">Isaac 1975</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF6C5ACFFB3F208E39FF9CBFABAF990" author="Suarez-Morales E. &amp; Islas-Landeros M." box="[914,1394,1583,1609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" pagination="45 - 48" refId="ref8706" refString="Suarez-Morales E. &amp; Islas-Landeros M. 1993. A new species of Monstrilla (Copepoda: Monstrilloida) from a reef lagoon off the Mexican coast of the Caribbean Sea. Hydrobiologia 271: 45 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00005694" type="journal article" year="1993">Suárez-Morales &amp; Islas-Landeros 1993</bibRefCitation>
; Chang 2014).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F208E0B0F970FC82F858" blockId="8.[188,1399,1683,1921]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E2E81FFB3F208E0B0F970FEB1F975" baselines="1703,1703" box="[189,377,1684,1710]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Cephalothorax" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">CEPHALOTHORAX</smallCapsWord>
. Relatively robust, representing about 63% of total body length and fully incorporating first pedigerous somite. Oral cone prominent, located 30% of way back along ventral surface of cephalothorax. Cephalic region anteriorly subquadrate in dorsal view, ‘forehead’ flat, sensilla not observed. Nauplius eye as in
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB3F208E218F91AFD0BF8CE" authority="Suárez-Morales, 2024" authorityName="Suárez-Morales" authorityYear="2024" box="[533,707,1789,1815]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xcalakensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB3F208E218F91AFD0BF8CE" box="[533,707,1789,1815]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">M. xcalakensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220D934FFB3F208E2C6F91AFCEDF8C1" box="[715,805,1790,1816]" pageId="8" pageNumber="160" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
except for lateral cups being almost unpigmented. Cuticular ornamentation of cephalothorax including medial cluster of minute, crater-like pores between antennule bases (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB3F208E18EF8A7FE28F887" box="[387,480,1859,1886]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[242,1359,498,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-104@11.[220,1368,483,1822]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 5. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Cluster of three crater-like pores (arrow) between the antennule bases, ventral view. B. Urosome, showing fifth leg and short ovigerous spines, semi-lateral view. C. Fifth leg showing fine integumental sculpturing and hirsute outer margin, ventral view. D. Detail of inner margin of fifth leg’s exopodal lobe showing diagonal incisions, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495752/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
), two pairs of nipple-like processes between oral cone and antennule bases, and field of transverse striae adjacent to oral cone (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB3F208E2EDF883FCF4F858" box="[736,828,1895,1921]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1735,1761]" captionTargetBox="[213,1374,303,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[189,1398,279,1672]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Leg 2, outer spine of first exopodal segment, showing ornamentation. B. Leg 1, outer spine of third exopodal segment and outer apical spiniform seta, both showing ornamentation. C. Anterior half of cephalothorax showing oral cone (oc) and preoral ornamentation, ventral view. D. Detail of caudal setae II and III, lateral view, showing grooves. E. Last urosomites showing dense pattern of fine, undulate thread-like integumental sculpturing, ventral view. F. Caudal rami showing large ventral pore (CP) and modified caudal setae II, III, and IV, with lateral grooves." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495754/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB3F209E0B0F84CFEF8FD5A" blockId="8.[189,1399,1960,2022]" lastBlockId="9.[188,1399,265,643]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E2E81FFB3F208E0B0F84CFE84F818" baselines="1979,1980" box="[189,332,1960,1986]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Antennules" pageId="8" pageNumber="160">ANTENNULES</smallCapsWord>
. About 40% as long as body, almost 65% as long as cephalothorax, four-segmented as usual in female monstrilloids, with second and third segments separate from each other and fourth (longest) segment separated from third by well-defined suture (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E3A4FEEDFBE3FEFA" box="[937,1067,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[215,1383,295,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[189,1398,275,1767]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Left antennule with some setal elements or setal groups (v.gr., 2v1-3, 2d 1-3) labeled following Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka’s (1995) nomenclature, ventral view. B. Distal (fourth) segment of right antennule, ventral view, showing truncate, disc-like apical modification. C. Detail of ring-like constrictions of fourth antennulary segment, ventral view. D. Truncate, disc-like apical process of antennule, showing reduced aesthetasc 6aes and absence of usual apical elements 6 1 and 6 2 (sensu Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka 1995)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4A–B</figureCitation>
). Length ratio of antennular segments (proximal to distal) 8.3: 22.2: 13.9: 56.1 = 100. Following Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka’s (1995) setal nomenclature for antennules of female monstrilloids, first segment lacking spiniform setal element 1. Second segment bearing elements 2d
<subScript id="17E3BA18FFB2F209E266FE61FD4AFE4A" attach="left" box="[619,642,389,403]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">1-3</subScript>
(dots in
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E2EBFE96FC8AFE54" box="[742,834,370,397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[215,1383,295,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[189,1398,275,1767]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Left antennule with some setal elements or setal groups (v.gr., 2v1-3, 2d 1-3) labeled following Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka’s (1995) nomenclature, ventral view. B. Distal (fourth) segment of right antennule, ventral view, showing truncate, disc-like apical modification. C. Detail of ring-like constrictions of fourth antennulary segment, ventral view. D. Truncate, disc-like apical process of antennule, showing reduced aesthetasc 6aes and absence of usual apical elements 6 1 and 6 2 (sensu Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka 1995)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
), but dorsal seta IId not observed. Third segment with short, spiniform element 3 and slender ventral seta IIIv (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E38AFE72FC2DFE69" box="[903,997,406,432]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[215,1383,295,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[189,1398,275,1767]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Left antennule with some setal elements or setal groups (v.gr., 2v1-3, 2d 1-3) labeled following Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka’s (1995) nomenclature, ventral view. B. Distal (fourth) segment of right antennule, ventral view, showing truncate, disc-like apical modification. C. Detail of ring-like constrictions of fourth antennulary segment, ventral view. D. Truncate, disc-like apical process of antennule, showing reduced aesthetasc 6aes and absence of usual apical elements 6 1 and 6 2 (sensu Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka 1995)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
), but dorsal seta IIId absent. Third and fourth segments with three and five to seven regular ring-like constrictions respectively; annulation more clearly expressed in fourth segment (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E2BEFE38FCFDFE2F" box="[691,821,476,502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[215,1383,295,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[189,1398,275,1767]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Left antennule with some setal elements or setal groups (v.gr., 2v1-3, 2d 1-3) labeled following Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka’s (1995) nomenclature, ventral view. B. Distal (fourth) segment of right antennule, ventral view, showing truncate, disc-like apical modification. C. Detail of ring-like constrictions of fourth antennulary segment, ventral view. D. Truncate, disc-like apical process of antennule, showing reduced aesthetasc 6aes and absence of usual apical elements 6 1 and 6 2 (sensu Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka 1995)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4A–C</figureCitation>
). Fourth segment armed with setal elements 4v
<subScript id="17E3BA18FFB2F209E56DFE0BFABFFE24" attach="left" box="[1376,1399,495,509]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">1-3</subScript>
(arrowheads in
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E179FE1BFE1AFDC0" box="[372,466,511,537]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[215,1383,295,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[189,1398,275,1767]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Left antennule with some setal elements or setal groups (v.gr., 2v1-3, 2d 1-3) labeled following Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka’s (1995) nomenclature, ventral view. B. Distal (fourth) segment of right antennule, ventral view, showing truncate, disc-like apical modification. C. Detail of ring-like constrictions of fourth antennulary segment, ventral view. D. Truncate, disc-like apical process of antennule, showing reduced aesthetasc 6aes and absence of usual apical elements 6 1 and 6 2 (sensu Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka 1995)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
), 4aes, IVd, IVv, Vm, 5 (broken), Vv, Vd, 6aes, 6
<subScript id="17E3BA18FFB2F209E411FDF6FBEDFDF9" attach="none" box="[1052,1061,530,544]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">1</subScript>
, 6
<subScript id="17E3BA18FFB2F209E44FFDF6FB83FDF9" attach="left" box="[1090,1099,530,544]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">2</subScript>
(both vestigial) (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E51BFE1BFF1DFDE4" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[215,1383,295,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[189,1398,275,1767]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Left antennule with some setal elements or setal groups (v.gr., 2v1-3, 2d 1-3) labeled following Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka’s (1995) nomenclature, ventral view. B. Distal (fourth) segment of right antennule, ventral view, showing truncate, disc-like apical modification. C. Detail of ring-like constrictions of fourth antennulary segment, ventral view. D. Truncate, disc-like apical process of antennule, showing reduced aesthetasc 6aes and absence of usual apical elements 6 1 and 6 2 (sensu Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka 1995)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4B, D</figureCitation>
), and subapical ‘b’ setal group on outer margin comprising only four elements (b
<subScript id="17E3BA18FFB2F209E492FDD1FB7FFD9A" attach="left" box="[1183,1207,565,579]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">1-4</subScript>
, thus lacking b
<subScript id="17E3BA18FFB2F209E563FDD1FABFFD9A" attach="left" box="[1390,1399,565,579]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">5</subScript>
and b 6) (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E125FDA2FE66FDB9" box="[296,430,582,608]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[215,1383,295,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[189,1398,275,1767]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Left antennule with some setal elements or setal groups (v.gr., 2v1-3, 2d 1-3) labeled following Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka’s (1995) nomenclature, ventral view. B. Distal (fourth) segment of right antennule, ventral view, showing truncate, disc-like apical modification. C. Detail of ring-like constrictions of fourth antennulary segment, ventral view. D. Truncate, disc-like apical process of antennule, showing reduced aesthetasc 6aes and absence of usual apical elements 6 1 and 6 2 (sensu Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka 1995)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4A–B</figureCitation>
). Antennular surface densely sculptured with fine, undulate thread-like patterns (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E0CBFD8DFEEBFD5A" box="[198,291,617,643]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[215,1383,295,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-11@10.[189,1398,275,1767]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 4. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Left antennule with some setal elements or setal groups (v.gr., 2v1-3, 2d 1-3) labeled following Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka’s (1995) nomenclature, ventral view. B. Distal (fourth) segment of right antennule, ventral view, showing truncate, disc-like apical modification. C. Detail of ring-like constrictions of fourth antennulary segment, ventral view. D. Truncate, disc-like apical process of antennule, showing reduced aesthetasc 6aes and absence of usual apical elements 6 1 and 6 2 (sensu Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka 1995)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB2F209E0B0FD4FFD1CFD31" blockId="9.[189,1399,682,744]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E2E81FFB2F209E0B0FD4FFEE4FD1A" baselines="702,702" box="[189,300,683,709]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Thoracic" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">THORACIC</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E2E81FFB2F209E13FFD54FE43FD1A" baselines="702" box="[306,395,688,707]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="somites" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">SOMITES</smallCapsWord>
. Swimming legs 1–4 on posterior cephalothorax and first three free pedigerous somites armed as in
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E141FD2AFE32FD31" authority="Suárez-Morales, 2024" authorityName="Suárez-Morales" authorityYear="2024" box="[332,506,718,744]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xcalakensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E141FD2AFE32FD31" box="[332,506,718,744]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. xcalakensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220D934FFB2F209E20CFD2AFD94FD31" box="[513,604,718,744]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<tableCitation id="C6E58DE6FFB2F209E267FD2AFD0BFD31" box="[618,707,718,744]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="5.[189,259,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Table 1. Armature of swimming legs 1–4, including basipodites, endopodites, and exopodites, of Monstrilla xcalakensis sp. nov. and M. annulata sp. nov. (coxae lacking setae). Roman numerals indicate spiniform elements; Arabic numbers indicate setiform elements." pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB2F209E0B0FCF4FE98FBBF" blockId="9.[188,1399,783,1126]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
<smallCapsWord id="8D3E2E81FFB2F209E0B0FCF4FEE0FCF1" baselines="803,803" box="[189,296,784,810]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Urosome" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">UROSOME</smallCapsWord>
. As usual in
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E1C2FCEBFD83FCF0" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1849" box="[463,587,783,809]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E1C2FCEBFD83FCF0" box="[463,587,783,809]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Monstrilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, urosome consisting of four somites (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E417FCEBFB69FCF0" box="[1050,1185,783,809]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1785,1811]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,291,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-12@6.[207,1380,265,1750]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. Monstrilla xcalakensis sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11812). A. Urosome showing fifth legs and insertion of ovigerous spines, ventral view. B. Cephalic morphology and ornamentation, lateral view, showing eye complex with naupliar eye medial cup (vcu), lateral cup (lc), cluster of three minite conical pores (large arrowhead), oral cone (oc), and pair of oral pores (op). C. Urosome, lateral view. D. Swimming leg 2 showing setation pattern with long exopodal spines (arrowheads) and hirsute outer margins of endopodal segments. E. Antennular armature with setal elements labelled following Grygier &amp; Ohtsuka’s (1995) nomenclature, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495746/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 3A, C</figureCitation>
): fifth pedigerous somite carrying fifth legs, genital double-somite with anterior half expanded and bearing pair of posteriorly-directed ovigerous spines, one short free somite, and anal somite. Length ratio of urosomites (from anterior to posterior) 25.3: 26.6:31.4: 16.6 = 100. Fifth legs well developed, bilobed, with finely sculptured integument. Endopodal lobe reduced, unarmed, fused to outer lobe. Outer lobe large, subrectangular, plate-like, with hirsute outer margin (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E333FC5BFC08FC03" box="[830,960,959,986]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[242,1359,498,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-104@11.[220,1368,483,1822]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 5. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Cluster of three crater-like pores (arrow) between the antennule bases, ventral view. B. Urosome, showing fifth leg and short ovigerous spines, semi-lateral view. C. Fifth leg showing fine integumental sculpturing and hirsute outer margin, ventral view. D. Detail of inner margin of fifth leg’s exopodal lobe showing diagonal incisions, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495752/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 5B–C</figureCitation>
), three to four diagonal incisions on inner margin (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E169FC06FE2DFC24" box="[356,485,994,1021]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[242,1359,498,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-104@11.[220,1368,483,1822]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 5. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Cluster of three crater-like pores (arrow) between the antennule bases, ventral view. B. Urosome, showing fifth leg and short ovigerous spines, semi-lateral view. C. Fifth leg showing fine integumental sculpturing and hirsute outer margin, ventral view. D. Detail of inner margin of fifth leg’s exopodal lobe showing diagonal incisions, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495752/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 5C–D</figureCitation>
), and one apical and one subapical seta. Ovigerous spines (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E490FC06FB3FFC24" box="[1181,1271,994,1021]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1857,1883]" captionTargetBox="[242,1359,498,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-104@11.[220,1368,483,1822]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 5. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Cluster of three crater-like pores (arrow) between the antennule bases, ventral view. B. Urosome, showing fifth leg and short ovigerous spines, semi-lateral view. C. Fifth leg showing fine integumental sculpturing and hirsute outer margin, ventral view. D. Detail of inner margin of fifth leg’s exopodal lobe showing diagonal incisions, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495752/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
) relatively short, not reaching tips of caudal rami. Caudal rami subrectangular, 1.7 times as long as broad in dorsal view, armed with five caudal setae (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E27DFBCDFD04FB9B" box="[624,716,1064,1091]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1735,1761]" captionTargetBox="[213,1374,303,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[189,1398,279,1672]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Leg 2, outer spine of first exopodal segment, showing ornamentation. B. Leg 1, outer spine of third exopodal segment and outer apical spiniform seta, both showing ornamentation. C. Anterior half of cephalothorax showing oral cone (oc) and preoral ornamentation, ventral view. D. Detail of caudal setae II and III, lateral view, showing grooves. E. Last urosomites showing dense pattern of fine, undulate thread-like integumental sculpturing, ventral view. F. Caudal rami showing large ventral pore (CP) and modified caudal setae II, III, and IV, with lateral grooves." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495754/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
), with setae II, III and IV grooved along lateral surfaces (
<figureCitation id="135CA4D8FFB2F209E0CBFBA8FE8BFBBF" box="[198,323,1100,1126]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1735,1761]" captionTargetBox="[213,1374,303,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[189,1398,279,1672]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 6. Monstrilla annulata sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (ECO-CH-Z 11818). A. Leg 2, outer spine of first exopodal segment, showing ornamentation. B. Leg 1, outer spine of third exopodal segment and outer apical spiniform seta, both showing ornamentation. C. Anterior half of cephalothorax showing oral cone (oc) and preoral ornamentation, ventral view. D. Detail of caudal setae II and III, lateral view, showing grooves. E. Last urosomites showing dense pattern of fine, undulate thread-like integumental sculpturing, ventral view. F. Caudal rami showing large ventral pore (CP) and modified caudal setae II, III, and IV, with lateral grooves." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10495754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10495754/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Fig. 6D, F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37DEBD6FFB2F20BE0B0FB69FAEEFE69" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="163" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB2F209E0B0FB69FC91FB7E" blockId="9.[189,857,1165,1192]" box="[189,857,1165,1192]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
<heading id="D0900F31FFB2F209E0B0FB69FC91FB7E" bold="true" box="[189,857,1165,1192]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E0B0FB69FC91FB7E" bold="true" box="[189,857,1165,1192]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
Justification for establishment of
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E253FB6AFD3BFB71" authority="Suárez-Morales, 2024" authorityName="Suárez-Morales" authorityYear="2024" box="[606,755,1165,1192]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E253FB6AFD3BFB71" bold="true" box="[606,755,1165,1192]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220D934FFB2F209E2F6FB69FC91FB7E" box="[763,857,1165,1191]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB2F209E0B0FB58FE27FA14" blockId="9.[187,1401,1212,1485]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
The new species
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E193FB58FD5AFB0F" authority="Suárez-Morales, 2024" authorityName="Suárez-Morales" authorityYear="2024" box="[414,658,1212,1238]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E193FB58FD5AFB0F" box="[414,658,1212,1238]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Monstrilla annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220D934FFB2F209E2ACFB58FCCCFB0F" box="[673,772,1212,1238]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has two distinctive features that make it readily distinguishable among its congeners and support its status as a new member of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E4BBFB3BFAFAFB20" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1849" box="[1206,1330,1247,1273]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E4BBFB3BFAFAFB20" box="[1206,1330,1247,1273]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Monstrilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. First is the modified antennule with integumental constrictions appearing as rings, particularly in segments 3 and 4. A generally similar pattern is known in
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E2F9FAC1FAEBFA99" authority="Suarez-Morales, 2019" authorityName="Suarez-Morales" authorityYear="2019" box="[756,1315,1317,1344]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Spinomonstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E2F9FAC1FBDBFAE6" box="[756,1043,1317,1343]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Spinomonstrilla spinosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF6C5ACFFB2F209E417FAC1FAEBFA99" author="Suarez-Morales E." box="[1050,1315,1317,1344]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" pagination="1099 - 1112" refId="ref8366" refString="Suarez-Morales E. 2019. A new genus of the Monstrilloida (Copepoda) with large rostral process and metasomal spines, and redescription of Monstrilla spinosa Park, 1967. Crustaceana 92: 1099 - 1112. https: / doi. org / 10.1163 / 15685403 - 00003925" type="journal article" year="2019">Suárez-Morales, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but in that species the annulated appearance is imparted by arcuate protruding scales, not by simple circular constrictions (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF6C5ACFFB2F209E19CFA88FD5BFA5F" author="Suarez-Morales E." box="[401,659,1388,1414]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" pagination="1099 - 1112" refId="ref8366" refString="Suarez-Morales E. 2019. A new genus of the Monstrilloida (Copepoda) with large rostral process and metasomal spines, and redescription of Monstrilla spinosa Park, 1967. Crustaceana 92: 1099 - 1112. https: / doi. org / 10.1163 / 15685403 - 00003925" type="journal article" year="2019">Suárez-Morales 2019</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2d–e). Also, the antennules are remarkably elongate and narrow in
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E136FA6BFE7DFA70" authorityName="Suarez-Morales" authorityYear="2019" box="[315,437,1423,1449]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Spinomonstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E136FA6BFE7DFA70" box="[315,437,1423,1449]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">S. spinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the setal groups of segments 2–4 being more widely separated from each other than in
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E154FA57FE20FA15" authorityName="Suárez-Morales" authorityYear="2024" box="[345,488,1458,1484]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E154FA57FE20FA15" box="[345,488,1458,1484]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB2F209E0B0FA10FABFF938" blockId="9.[189,1400,1524,1761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
Other antennular modifications are found among species of
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E390FA10FBD1F9D7" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1849" box="[925,1049,1524,1550]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E390FA10FBD1F9D7" box="[925,1049,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Monstrilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as the absence of any intersegmental articulations in
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E23BF9FCFCDBF9E8" authorityName="Suarez-Morales &amp; Islas-Landeros" authorityYear="1993" box="[566,787,1560,1585]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariaeugeniae">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E23BF9FCFCDBF9E8" box="[566,787,1560,1585]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. mariaeugeniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the segmental divisions only being marked by segmental constrictions (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF6C5ACFFB2F209E23BF9DEFBD8F98D" author="Suarez-Morales E. &amp; Islas-Landeros M." box="[566,1040,1594,1620]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" pagination="45 - 48" refId="ref8706" refString="Suarez-Morales E. &amp; Islas-Landeros M. 1993. A new species of Monstrilla (Copepoda: Monstrilloida) from a reef lagoon off the Mexican coast of the Caribbean Sea. Hydrobiologia 271: 45 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00005694" type="journal article" year="1993">Suárez-Morales &amp; Islas-Landeros 1993</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1b) and a similar pattern involving only segments 2–4, described in
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E2B1F9BAFCF0F9AE" authorityName="Suarez-Morales &amp; Escamilla" authorityYear="2001" box="[700,824,1629,1655]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humesi">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E2B1F9BAFCF0F9AE" box="[700,824,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. humesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="49A376BFFFB2F209E406F9B9FBADF9AE" box="[1035,1125,1629,1655]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Mexico</collectingRegion>
(cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF6C5ACFFB2F209E493F9B9FEB7F942" author="Suarez-Morales E. &amp; Escamilla J. B." pageId="9" pageNumber="161" pagination="1433 - 1445" refId="ref8529" refString="Suarez-Morales E. &amp; Escamilla J. B. 2001. Taxonomic report on some monstrilloids (Copepoda, Monstrilloida) from southeast Mexico with the description of a new species of Monstrilla. Journal of Natural History 35: 1433 - 1445. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 002229301317067629" type="journal article" year="2001">Suárez-Morales &amp; Escamilla 2001</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 3b). An inflated margin of some antennular segments has been reported in
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E0B0F940FEA4F967" authorityName="Suarez-Morales &amp; Dias" authorityYear="2000" box="[189,364,1700,1726]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E0B0F940FEA4F967" box="[189,364,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. brasiliensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(now in
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E1D7F940FC7BF967" authority="Jeon, Soh &amp; Lee, 2018" authorityName="Jeon, Soh &amp; Lee" authorityYear="2018" box="[474,947,1700,1726]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Caromiobenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E1D7F940FD50F967" box="[474,664,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Caromiobenella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF6C5ACFFB2F209E292F940FC7BF967" author="Jeon D. &amp; Lee W. &amp; Soh H. Y." box="[671,947,1700,1726]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" pagination="45 - 65" refId="ref7614" refString="Jeon D., Lee W. &amp; Soh H. Y. 2018 a. A new genus and two new species of monstrilloid copepods (Copepoda: Monstrillidae): integrating morphological, molecular phylogenetic, and ecological evidence. Journal of Crustacean Biology 38: 45 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jcbiol / rux 095" type="journal article" year="2018">Jeon, Soh &amp; Lee, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; see
<bibRefCitation id="EFF6C5ACFFB2F209E3E3F940FAA2F967" author="Cruz Lopes da Rosa J. &amp; Dias C. O. &amp; Suarez-Morales E. &amp; Weber L. I. &amp; Gomes Fischer L." box="[1006,1386,1700,1726]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" pagination="241" refId="ref7069" refString="Cruz Lopes da Rosa J., Dias C. O., Suarez-Morales E., Weber L. I. &amp; Gomes Fischer L. 2021. Record of Caromiobenella (Copepoda, Monstrilloida) in Brazil and discovery of the male of C. brasiliensis: morphological and molecular evidence. Diversity 13: 241. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / d 13060241" type="journal article" year="2021">
Cruz Lopes da Rosa
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E4E5F940FAEAF967" box="[1256,1314,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E0B3F92CFD94F938" authority="Suarez-Morales, 2000 a" authorityName="Suarez-Morales" authorityYear="2000" box="[190,604,1735,1761]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grygieri">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E0B3F92CFE8CF938" box="[190,324,1736,1761]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. grygieri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF6C5ACFFB2F209E147F923FD94F938" author="Suarez-Morales E." box="[330,604,1735,1761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" pagination="680 - 686" refId="ref8075" refString="Suarez-Morales E. 2000 a. A new species and new geographic records of Monstrilla (Copepoda: Monstrilloida) from the Philippines. Journal of Crustacean Biology 20: 680 - 686. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 20021975 - 99990092" type="journal article" year="2000">Suárez-Morales, 2000a</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E294F92CFC09F938" authority="A. Scott, 1909" authorityName="A. Scott" authorityYear="1909" box="[665,961,1735,1761]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inserta">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E294F92CFCD9F938" box="[665,785,1736,1761]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. inserta</emphasis>
A. Scott, 1909
</taxonomicName>
(for both, see Suárez-Morales 2001).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD8B85DFFB2F20BE0B0F8ECFAEEFE69" blockId="9.[189,1399,1800,2003]" lastBlockId="11.[189,1399,265,432]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="163" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">
The second distinctive feature of
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E25EF8EDFD2CF8FB" authority="Suárez-Morales, 2024" authorityName="Suárez-Morales" authorityYear="2024" box="[595,740,1800,1826]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E25EF8EDFD2CF8FB" box="[595,740,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A220D934FFB2F209E2E1F8EDFC81F8FA" box="[748,841,1801,1827]" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is the uniquely modified exopodal lobe of the female’s fifth leg; no other member of
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E276F8CFFD3FF89C" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1849" box="[635,759,1835,1861]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E276F8CFFD3FF89C" box="[635,759,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Monstrilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a fifth leg combining an indented inner margin and a heavily hirsute outer margin.A lightly hirsute outer margin is known only in the female
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E4BAF8ABFD70F855" authority="(Suarez-Morales &amp; Dias 2000)" baseAuthorityName="Suarez-Morales &amp; Dias" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Caromiobenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brasiliensis">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E4BAF8ABFE8CF855" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">Caromiobenella brasiliensis</emphasis>
(Suárez-Morales &amp; Dias 2000)
</taxonomicName>
, in which, however, the exopodal lobe carries three seta and the endopodal lobe is cylindrical and narrow (cf. Suárez-Morales &amp; Dias 2000: fig. 3d), thus differing from
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F209E0F6F85DFE4FF80B" authorityName="Suárez-Morales" authorityYear="2024" box="[251,391,1976,2002]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E0F6F85DFE4FF80B" box="[251,391,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.A spinulose outer margin of the fifth leg is present in the poorly described
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB2F20BE4DBF85DFE83FEFA" authority="Davis, 1949" authorityName="Davis" authorityYear="1949" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="163" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="9" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dakinensis">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB2F209E4DBF85DFABFF80B" box="[1238,1399,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="161">M. dakinensis</emphasis>
Davis, 1949
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F370F8CDFFB0F20BE19DFEEDFE34FEFA" box="[400,508,265,291]" name="Australia" pageId="11" pageNumber="163">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF6C5ACFFB0F20BE207FEEDFCD4FEFA" author="Dakin W. J. &amp; Colefax A. N." box="[522,796,265,291]" pageId="11" pageNumber="163" pagination="1 - 215" refId="ref7139" refString="Dakin W. J. &amp; Colefax A. N. 1940. The Plankton of the Australian Coastal Waters off New South Wales, Part 1. University of Sydney, Department of Zoology, Monograph 1: 1 - 215." type="journal article" year="1940">Dakin &amp; Colefax 1940</bibRefCitation>
), which shares with
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB0F20BE407FEEEFB50FEFA" authorityName="Suárez-Morales" authorityYear="2024" box="[1034,1176,265,291]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="11" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB0F20BE407FEEEFB50FEFA" box="[1034,1176,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="163">M. annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the same armature of two setae on the exopodal lobe and a reduced endopodal lobe, but differs in lacking the indentations in the exopodal lobe’s inner margin that help to define the new species. An exopodal lobe with two setae is also known in the Caribbean
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB0F20BE238FE97FD0BFE55" authorityName="Suarez-Morales" authorityYear="1994" box="[565,707,370,396]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="11" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB0F20BE238FE97FD0BFE55" box="[565,707,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="163">M. elongata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the lobe is bulbous, not plate-like, and the antennules are unsegmented (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF6C5ACFFB0F20BE1B7FE72FD72FE69" author="Suarez-Morales E." box="[442,698,406,432]" pageId="11" pageNumber="163" pagination="262 - 267" refId="ref7943" refString="Suarez-Morales E. 1994. Monstrilla elongata, a new monstrilloid copepod (Crustacea: Copepoda: Monstrilloida) from a reef lagoon of the Caribbean coast of Mexico. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 107: 262 - 267." type="journal article" year="1994">Suárez-Morales 1994</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1c–d, g), unlike in the new species
<taxonomicName id="4C67C3DEFFB0F20BE482FE73FAD6FE69" authorityName="Suárez-Morales" authorityYear="2024" box="[1167,1310,406,432]" class="Copepoda" family="Monstrillidae" genus="Monstrilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Monstrilloida" pageId="11" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="B913644FFFB0F20BE482FE73FAD6FE69" box="[1167,1310,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="163">M. annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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