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<document id="BBE0A970A2612C397184E3B3B5FCE496" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5190.1.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a7a433be-8d1c-45d6-a408-2a42f7ea164b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7119993" ID-ZooBank="936A4880-DFAE-4244-8DD7-2FA2D90A2476" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1664371689908" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="YANG, DIAN-CHENG, HUANG, RU-YI, JIANG, KE, BURBRINK, FRANK T., GONG, YAN-AN, YU, JING, ZHANG, YI, HUANG, TIAN-QI &amp; HUANG, SONG" docDate="2022" docId="8D5887ACB8353D39BBCEFBC86576D859" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5190.1.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5190 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.1.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Achalinus ningshanensis Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="136" masterDocId="7161FFD4B8333D30BB59FB5F6128DD68" masterDocTitle="A new species of the genus Achalinus (Squamata: Xenodermidae) from Ningshan County, Shaanxi Province, China" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="133" updateTime="1732565718772" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="57C5557E3B627ED80562723E22BA790D">A new species of the genus Achalinus (Squamata: Xenodermidae) from Ningshan County, Shaanxi Province, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EA3F1DF1C5CBAF43F0194DF3A3DB5947">YANG, DIAN-CHENG</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B7133EC56ACA4AC3ABC929974A45ABD2">1 Anhui Province Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resource, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China. &amp; Huangshan Noah Biodiversity Institute, Huangshan 245000, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8DA5EF3E48DA7BBD546A1C6A9FCE64A5">HUANG, RU-YI</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7B32DABC8B8DB232B8499F150D61FF10">1 Anhui Province Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resource, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China. &amp; Huangshan Noah Biodiversity Institute, Huangshan 245000, China. &amp; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="B97F9803C7A55A8DEF4EEF30582B0FC5">Department of Herpetology, The American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 th Street, New York NY 10024, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E15E590A8ECD8D4D343343C13A6C4A7C">ZHANG, YI</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="8D5887ACB8353D39BBCEFBC86576D859" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7126109" ID-GBIF-Taxon="210360260" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7126109" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D5887ACB8353D39BBCEFBC86576D859" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D5887ACB8353D39BBCEFBC86576D859" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" scope_class="Squamata" scope_family="Xenodermidae">
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<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B8353D36BBCEFBC860E0DDDA" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,456,151,178]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8353D36BBCEFBC860E0DDDA" bold="true" box="[151,456,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
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D.C. Yang, R.Y Huang, K. JIANG, F.T. BURBRINK &amp; S. Huang (
<figureCitation id="9DCA2A3FB8353D36BE06FBC861EDDDBD" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="6.[152,255,1991,2015]" captionStartId-1="7.[152,255,1698,1722]" captionStartId-2="10.[152,255,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,937,1968]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetBox-2="[224,1364,182,1919]" captionTargetId-0="figure-325@6.[151,1436,937,1968]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetId-2="figure-23@10.[224,1364,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the preserved holotype of Achalinus ningshanensis (ANU 20220001)." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Right (A), left (B), ventral (C) and dorsal (D) views of the head, lateral view of dorsal (E), and ventral views of the tail (F) of the holotype of Achalinus ningshanensis (ANU 20220001), after preservation." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. General aspect of the paratype of Achalinus ningshanensis (JK0918) after preservation. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views; right (C), left (D), dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views of head." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7119999" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120001" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120004" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7119999/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7120001/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7120004/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Figs. 3–5</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8353D36BBCEFBA36307DC7E" bold="true" box="[151,559,252,278]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Suggested English common name:</emphasis>
Ningshan Odd-scaled Snake.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8353D36BB9EFA40634CDC51" bold="true" box="[199,612,287,313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Suggested Chinese common name:</emphasis>
Ťkḛffi (Bopomofo: Níng Shǎn Jǐ Shé).
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.
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(field number JK0917, 
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), an 
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, collected in summer of 2008 from 
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(
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a. s. l.
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), 
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, 
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, 
<collectingCountry id="7DE6762AB8353D36BF88FA39643CDCE8" box="[1233,1300,358,384]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">China</collectingCountry>
by the team of 
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.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB8353D36BB9EFAF362C7DC81" blockId="6.[151,1437,252,913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<materialsCitation id="B5993CE7B8353D36BB9EFAF362C3DC81" accessionNumber="HSR19131, HSR19132" collectionCode="ANU" country="China" county="Ningshan County" elevation="1372" latitude="33.5434" location="Xunyangba Town" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="108.5439" municipality="Ke Jiang" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" specimenCode="ANU20220002-7" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="6" stateProvince="Shaanxi Province" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8353D36BB9EFAF3606EDCAE" bold="true" box="[199,326,428,454]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<typeStatus id="DA4A8818B8353D36BB9EFAF36069DCAE" box="[199,321,428,454]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="13F7FD33B8353D36BA09FAF360F1DCAE" box="[336,473,428,454]" count="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="female">Six females</specimenCount>
, JK0918, JK0889, JK0890, JK0891, HSR19131, and HSR19132 (Voucher number: 
<specimenCode id="55579EC1B8353D36BBCEFA90604DDC81" box="[151,357,463,489]" collectionCode="ANU" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xny3-ga2w" name="Australian National University" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">ANU20220002–7</specimenCode>
), all with the same collecting information as the holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DEB6531B8353D36BB9EFAAD62E7DE6B" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="054E36BAB8353D36BB9EFAAD62E7DE6B" blockId="6.[151,1437,252,913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8353D36BB9EFAAD6010DF64" bold="true" box="[199,312,498,524]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B8353D36BA1AFAAD6378DF64" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[323,592,498,524]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8353D36BA1AFAAD6378DF64" box="[323,592,498,524]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8353D36B90DFAAC6381DF65" bold="true" box="[596,681,499,525]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B8353D36B90DFAAC6381DF65" box="[596,681,499,525]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be differentiated from all other members of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B8353D36BE56FAAD6455DF64" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1869" box="[1295,1405,498,524]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8353D36BE56FAAD6455DF64" box="[1295,1405,498,524]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Achalinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of morphological characters:(1) dorsum iridescent and uniformly dark brown in preservative, longitudinal vertebral line absent; (2) brown beneath; (3) dotted black streak in the middle of the subcaudals absent; (4) tail length relatively short, TaL/ToL 12–16% in females; (5) fewer subcaudals, 41–46, in females; (6) dorsal scales 23 rows throughout, strongly keeled, and the outer-most rows on both sides of the body also keeled and slightly enlarged; (7) one loreal; (8) internasal not fused to prefrontal; (9) suture between internasals is similar size when compared to the suture between prefrontals; (10) preocular and postocular absent; (11) 6 supralabials; (12) 5 infralabials, the first 3 (rarely 2) touching the first pair of chin shields; (13) 3 pairs of chin shields.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DEB6531B8353D39BB9EF85360E1DEE9" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="description">
<paragraph id="054E36BAB8353D36BB9EF8536320DEF8" blockId="6.[151,1437,252,913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8353D36BB9EF853630EDE4E" bold="true" box="[199,550,780,806]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
Description of the 
<typeStatus id="DA4A8818B8353D36BAE1F8536309DE4E" box="[440,545,780,806]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
An adult female in excellent condition (
<figureCitation id="9DCA2A3FB8353D36BF40F8536545DE4E" box="[1049,1133,780,806]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[152,255,1991,2015]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,937,1968]" captionTargetId="figure-325@6.[151,1436,937,1968]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the preserved holotype of Achalinus ningshanensis (ANU 20220001)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7119999" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7119999/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="9DCA2A3FB8353D36BFC7F8536587DE4E" box="[1182,1199,780,806]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetId="figure-18@7.[151,1436,181,1674]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Right (A), left (B), ventral (C) and dorsal (D) views of the head, lateral view of dorsal (E), and ventral views of the tail (F) of the holotype of Achalinus ningshanensis (ANU 20220001), after preservation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120001/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">4</figureCitation>
). Body slender and subcylindrical, total length 
<quantity id="C2099B5FB8353D36BA8BF870631ADE22" box="[466,562,815,842]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.36" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="436.0">436 mm</quantity>
(SVL 
<quantity id="C2099B5FB8353D36B9DAF87063CBDE22" box="[643,739,815,842]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7399999999999998" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="374.0">374 mm</quantity>
and Tal 
<quantity id="C2099B5FB8353D36B815F870628ADE21" box="[844,930,815,841]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="62.0">62 mm</quantity>
); tail relatively shorter, TaL/ToL 14%; head slightly distinct from neck dorsally covered with large head scales, head length 
<quantity id="C2099B5FB8353D36BF7FF80C65B4DE05" box="[1062,1180,851,877]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.372" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="13.72">13.72 mm</quantity>
; head width 
<quantity id="C2099B5FB8353D36BE76F80D64B0DE05" box="[1327,1432,850,877]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.16" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="7.16">7.16 mm</quantity>
; eyes small with subround pupils.
</paragraph>
<caption id="518E6632B8353D36BBC1FC98647BDA88" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7119999" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7119999" box="[152,1363,1991,2016]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7119999/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" startId="6.[152,255,1991,2015]" targetBox="[151,1436,937,1968]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="054E36BAB8353D36BBC1FC98647BDA88" blockId="6.[152,1363,1991,2016]" box="[152,1363,1991,2016]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8353D36BBC1FC98603ADA88" bold="true" box="[152,274,1991,2016]" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the preserved holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B8353D36B8CEFC9765BBDA88" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[919,1171,1992,2016]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="133" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8353D36B8CEFC9765BBDA88" box="[919,1171,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="133">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ANU 20220001).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="518E6632B8343D37BBC1FDFD6531DBB6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120001" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7120001" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120001/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" startId="7.[152,255,1698,1722]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1674]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="054E36BAB8343D37BBC1FDFD6531DBB6" blockId="7.[151,1436,1698,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8343D37BBC1FDFD6030DBD2" bold="true" box="[152,280,1698,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Right (A), left (B), ventral (C) and dorsal (D) views of the head, lateral view of dorsal (E), and ventral views of the tail (F) of the holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B8343D37BAC7FD9963B2DBB6" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[414,666,1734,1758]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B8343D37BAC7FD9963B2DBB6" box="[414,666,1734,1758]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ANU 20220001), after preservation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB8343D38BB9EFC5262B2DCB9" blockId="7.[151,1437,1805,2011]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="7" pageNumber="134">
Rostral small, subtriangular in frontal view, barely visible from above. Internasals paired, the suture between internasals (
<quantity id="C2099B5FB8343D37BA46FC6E60AFDA23" box="[287,391,1841,1867]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="1.94">1.94 mm</quantity>
) subequal to that between prefrontals (
<quantity id="C2099B5FB8343D37B81AFC6E6285DA23" box="[835,941,1841,1867]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.63" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="1.63">1.63 mm</quantity>
); prefrontals paired, subrectangular. Frontal shield-shaped, nearly straight anteriorly, pointed backwards, slightly broader than it is long, and much shorter than the parietals. Parietals paired, the parietal suture longer than frontal. Nostril in the anterior part of the nasal. One loreal, rectangular, LorH: 
<quantity id="C2099B5FB8343D37BAE6FCC2630FDADF" box="[447,551,1949,1975]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="0.97">0.97 mm</quantity>
, LorL: 
<quantity id="C2099B5FB8343D37B927FCC263CBDADF" box="[638,739,1949,1975]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="134" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.90 mm</quantity>
(LorH/LorL: 0.51), extending from the nasal to the eye. One supraocular, in contact with loreal, prefrontals, frontal, parietals, and superior anterior temporals. No preocular or postocular. Temporals 2+3+4, two anterior temporals elongated, the upper one smaller in contact with parietal, the lower one in contact with fifth and sixth supralabials, both in contact with the eye; three elongated middle temporals; four elongated posterior temporals, the uppermost (super-temporal) significantly enlarged, the supertemporal split into two parts on the left, surrounding the parietal; the super-temporals from two sides contacting at the midline. Supralabials six, the first very small, 1–3 contacting the nasal, fourth and fifth contacting the orbit, fourth in narrow contact, fifth in broad contact, and sixth the longest and largest. One mental. Five infralabials, the first pair in contact blocking the mental from contacting an anterior pair of chin shields; first infralabial smallest, increasing in size until the fifth infralabial that is the longest. Three pairs of chin shields followed by ventrals. First three infralabials touching the first pair of chin shields on both sides.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83B3D38BB9EFA846001DF55" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Dorsal scale rows 23–23–23, dorsal scales fusiform, not overlapping, distinctly keeled posterior to nape, and outermost dorsal scale row on both sides slightly keeled and enlarged. Ventrals 167; cloacal plate entire; subcaudals 43, uniserial.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83B3D38BB9EF919637CDFC1" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BB9EF91963B3DF08" bold="true" box="[199,667,582,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
Coloration of 
<typeStatus id="DA4A8818B83B3D38BA28F91860F0DF09" box="[369,472,583,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in preservative.
</emphasis>
Dorsum uniformly dark brown with metallic luster under light, the anterior portion of the head ash black, interstitial skin of dorsal dark brown. Ventral ground color brown, free margins of ventral scales grayish white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83B3D38BB9EF9ED630EDE35" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BB9EF9ED6017DFA4" bold="true" box="[199,319,690,716]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Variation.</emphasis>
Measurements, body proportions, and scale counts are listed in 
<tableCitation id="48730301B83B3D38B8A2F9EC6565DFA5" box="[1019,1101,691,717]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,368,392]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (mm) and pholidosis for the holotype and paratypes of Achalinus ningshanensis sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/518E6632B8303D33BBCEFA2F644BDCE1" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" tableUuid="518E6632B8303D33BBCEFA2F644BDCE1">Table 1</tableCitation>
. All 
<typeStatus id="DA4A8818B83B3D38BFD9F9EC65C3DFA5" box="[1152,1259,691,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are very similar to the 
<typeStatus id="DA4A8818B83B3D38BBB8F988606BDF99" box="[225,323,727,753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
except in the following: 
<materialsCitation id="B5993CE7B83B3D38B93CF98864B0DF99" accessionNumber="HSR19132" box="[613,1432,727,753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="DA4A8818B83B3D38B93CF98863F8DF99" box="[613,720,727,753]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
JK0889, JK0891, and HSR19132 have two middle temporals
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="B5993CE7B83B3D38BBCEF9A465A7DE7D" accessionNumber="HSR19131" box="[151,1167,763,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="DA4A8818B83B3D38BBCEF9A4602ADE7D" box="[151,258,763,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
JK0890 and HSR19131 have two middle temporals and three posterior temporals
</materialsCitation>
; 
<typeStatus id="DA4A8818B83B3D38BFC0F9A4642CDE7D" box="[1177,1284,763,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
JK0890 have the first two infralabials touching the first pair of chin shields on both sides. The number of anterior temporals that contact the eyes is not a stable trait.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83B3D38BB9EF8396260DE85" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BB9EF8396045DEE8" bold="true" box="[199,365,870,896]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Comparisons.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BA2CF83863A3DEE9" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[373,651,871,897]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BA2CF83863A3DEE9" box="[373,651,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B9CAF83863C5DEE9" bold="true" box="[659,749,871,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83B3D38B9CAF83863C5DEE9" box="[659,749,871,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be differentiated from all other known species of snakes in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BA72F8D460B3DECD" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1869" box="[299,411,907,933]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BA72F8D460B3DECD" box="[299,411,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Achalinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by a combination of the following morphological characters: infralabials five, three pairs of chin shields, relatively shorter tail length (TaL/ToL 12–16% in females), longitudinal vertebral line absent, and missing a dotted black streak in the middle of the subcaudals.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83B3D38BB9EF8A86300D811" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BB9EF8A860F7D979" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,479,1015,1041]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BB9EF8A860F7D979" box="[199,479,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BAB1F8A8636BD979" bold="true" box="[488,579,1015,1041]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83B3D38BAB1F8A8636BD979" box="[488,579,1015,1041]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from all other species in 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38B8E4F8A86505D979" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1869" box="[957,1069,1015,1041]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B8E4F8A86505D979" box="[957,1069,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Achalinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BFD1F8A864B0D979" authority="Peters, 1869" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1869" box="[1160,1432,1015,1041]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spinalis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BFD1F8A86428D979" box="[1160,1280,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. spinalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61604B4BB83B3D38BE50F8A864B0D979" author="Peters, W. C. H." box="[1289,1432,1015,1041]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" pagination="445 - 447" refId="ref7803" refString="Peters, W. C. H. (1869) Nachtrag zu Uber neue Gattungen und neue oder weniger bekannte Arten von Amphibien (Eremias, Dicrodon, Euprepes, Lygosoma, Typhlops, Eryx, Rhynchonyx, Elapomorphus, Achalinus, Coronella, Dromicus, Xenopholis, Anoplodipsas, Spilotes, Tropidonotus). Monatsberichte der koniglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1869, 445 - 447." type="journal article" year="1869">Peters, 1869</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BBCEFF446091D95D" authority="Huang, 1975" authorityName="Huang" authorityYear="1975" box="[151,441,1050,1077]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hainanus">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BBCEFF446180D95D" box="[151,168,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BBEEFF446036D95D" box="[183,286,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">hainanus</emphasis>
Huang, 1975
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BA9DFF4464B0D95D" authority="Ziegler, Nguyen, Pham, Nguyen, Pham, Van Schingen, Nguyen &amp; Le, 2019" authorityName="Ziegler, Nguyen, Pham, Nguyen, Pham, Van Schingen, Nguyen &amp; Le" authorityYear="2019" box="[452,1432,1051,1077]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="emilyae">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BA9DFF446313D95D" box="[452,571,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. emilyae</emphasis>
Ziegler, Nguyen, Pham, Nguyen, Pham, Van Schingen, Nguyen &amp; Le, 2019
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BBCEFF606398D931" authority="Huang, Peng, &amp; Huang, 2021" authorityName="Huang, Peng, &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,688,1087,1113]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="huangjietangi">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BBCEFF60607CD931" box="[151,340,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. huangjietangi</emphasis>
Huang, Peng, &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="61604B4BB83B3D38B942FF606398D931" author="Huang, R. Y. &amp; Peng, L. F. &amp; Yu, L. &amp; Huang, T. Q. &amp; Jiang, K. &amp; Ding, L. &amp; Chang, J. K. &amp; Yang, D. C. &amp; Xu, Y. H. &amp; Huang, S." box="[539,688,1087,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" pagination="178 - 187" refId="ref6978" refString="Huang, R. Y., Peng, L. F., Yu, L., Huang, T. Q., Jiang, K., Ding, L., Chang, J. K., Yang, D. C., Xu, Y. H. &amp; Huang, S. (2021) A New Species of the Genus Achalinus from Huangshan, Anhui, China (Squamata: Xenodermidae). Asian Herpetological Research, 12 (2), 178 - 187. https: // doi. org / 10.16373 / j. cnki. ahr. 200075" type="journal article" year="2021">Huang, 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38B9B4FF606450D931" authority="Li, Wu, Xu, Zhu, Ren, Guo &amp; Dong, 2021" authorityName="Li, Wu, Xu, Zhu, Ren, Guo &amp; Dong" authorityYear="2021" box="[749,1400,1087,1113]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dehuaensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B9B4FF6063D6D931" box="[749,766,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B857FF6062A2D931" box="[782,906,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">dehuaensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61604B4BB83B3D38B8CAFF606450D931" author="Li, K. &amp; Wu, Y. Y. &amp; Xu, R. Y. &amp; Zhu, F. &amp; Ren, J. L. &amp; Guo, P. &amp; Dong, B. J." box="[915,1400,1087,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" pagination="239 - 254" refId="ref7297" refString="Li, K., Wu, Y. Y., Xu, R. Y., Zhu, F., Ren, J. L., Guo, P. &amp; Dong, B. J. (2021) A new species of the Achalinus rufescens complex (Xenodermidae: Achalinus) from Fujian Province, China. Zootaxa, 5026 (2), 239 - 254. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5026.2.5" type="journal article" year="2021">Li, Wu, Xu, Zhu, Ren, Guo &amp; Dong, 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by having fewer infralabials (five vs. six). Furthermore, it differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38B8F4FF3C650ED915" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1869" box="[941,1062,1123,1149]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spinalis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B8F4FF3C650ED915" box="[941,1062,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. spinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BF3BFF3C6408D915" authorityName="Huang, Peng, &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2021" box="[1122,1312,1123,1149]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="huangjietangi">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BF3BFF3C6408D915" box="[1122,1312,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. huangjietangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the following characters: absent longitudinal vertebral line, and missing a dotted black streak in the middle of the subcaudals; from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BA39FFF460CED9AD" authorityName="Huang" authorityYear="1975" box="[352,486,1195,1221]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hainanus">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BA39FFF46059D9AD" box="[352,369,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BA26FFF460CED9AD" box="[383,486,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">hainanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having two anterior temporals (vs. only one), three pairs of chin shields (vs. two pairs), fewer subcaudals in females (41–46 vs. 67–69); from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38B800FF9062FAD981" authorityName="Ziegler, Nguyen, Pham, Nguyen, Pham, Van Schingen, Nguyen &amp; Le" authorityYear="2019" box="[857,978,1231,1257]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="emilyae">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B800FF9062FAD981" box="[857,978,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. emilyae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having fewer subcaudals in females (41–46 vs. 63), three pairs of chin shields (vs. two pairs), outermost dorsal scales rows keeled (vs. outmost rows smooth); from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BA18FE4860F5D859" authorityName="Li, Wu, Xu, Zhu, Ren, Guo &amp; Dong" authorityYear="2021" box="[321,477,1303,1329]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dehuaensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BA18FE48607AD859" box="[321,338,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BA38FE4860F5D859" box="[353,477,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">dehuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a relatively shorter tail length (TaL/ToL 12–16% vs. 21–22% in females), fewer subcaudals in females (41–46 vs. 63–65), uniformly dark brown above, light brown beneath (vs. greyish brown above, pale yellow beneath).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83B3D38BB9EFEDC65DFD8A9" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BB9EFEDC60F3D8F5" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,475,1411,1437]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BB9EFEDC60F3D8F5" box="[199,475,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BA86FEDC631ED8F5" bold="true" box="[479,566,1411,1437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83B3D38BA86FEDC631ED8F5" box="[479,566,1411,1437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38B99BFEDC653ED8F5" authority="Van denburgh, 1912" authorityName="Van" authorityYear="1912" box="[706,1046,1411,1437]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="werneri">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B99BFEDC621DD8F4" box="[706,821,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. werneri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61604B4BB83B3D38B860FEDC653ED8F5" author="Van Denburgh, J." box="[825,1046,1411,1437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" pagination="187 - 258" refId="ref8249" refString="Van Denburgh, J. (1912) Concerning certain species of reptiles and amphibians from China, Japan, the Loo Choo Islands, and Formosa. Proceedings of The California Academy of Sciences, 3, 187 - 258." type="journal article" year="1912">Van denburgh, 1912</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by having the following characters: absent longitudinal vertebral line, and missing a dotted black streak in the middle of the subcaudals.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83B3D38BB9EFE946436DB61" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BB9EFE9460F6D88D" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,478,1483,1509]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BB9EFE9460F6D88D" box="[199,478,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BABFFE946368D88D" bold="true" box="[486,576,1483,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83B3D38BABFFE946368D88D" box="[486,576,1483,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38B98FFE9462AAD88D" authorityName="Hou, Wang, Guo, Chen, Yuan &amp; Che" authorityYear="2021" box="[726,898,1483,1509]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yangdatongi">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B98FFE9463CFD88D" box="[726,743,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B9AFFE9462AAD88D" box="[758,898,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">yangdatongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having fewer infralabials (5 vs. 6), different dorsal scale row counts (23–23–23 vs. 23–23–19) and having three pairs of chin shields (vs. two pairs).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83B3D38BB9EFD4C6043DB1D" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BB9EFD4C60F4DB45" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,476,1555,1581]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BB9EFD4C60F4DB45" box="[199,476,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BAB8FD4C6311DB45" bold="true" box="[481,569,1555,1581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83B3D38BAB8FD4C6311DB45" box="[481,569,1555,1581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38B991FD4C623ADB44" authorityName="Bourret" authorityYear="1937" box="[712,786,1555,1581]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ater">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B991FD4C63F1DB45" box="[712,729,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B9BCFD4C623ADB44" box="[741,786,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">ater</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the suture between internasals subequal to that between prefrontals (vs. suture between internasals distinctly longer than between prefrontals) and having fewer subcaudals (41–46 vs. 56–63).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83B3D38BB9EFD2065F1DA6D" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BB9EFD2060C8DBF1" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,480,1663,1689]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BB9EFD2060C8DBF1" box="[199,480,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BAB3FD20636FDBF1" bold="true" box="[490,583,1663,1689]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83B3D38BAB3FD20636FDBF1" box="[490,583,1663,1689]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38B9BDFD206278DBF1" authorityName="Ziegler, Nguyen, Pham, Nguyen, Pham, Van Schingen, Nguyen &amp; Le" authorityYear="2019" box="[740,848,1663,1689]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juliani">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B9BDFD206278DBF1" box="[740,848,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. juliani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the suture between internasals subequal to that between prefrontals (vs. the suture between internasals distinctly longer than between prefrontals) and having a relatively shorter tail length (TaL/ToL 12–16% vs. 22–37%), fewer subcaudals (41–46 vs. 77–91), different dorsal scale row counts (23–23–23 vs. 25–23–23), and having three pairs of chin shields (vs. two pairs).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83B3D38BB9EFC50632DDA19" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BB9EFC5060C9DA41" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,481,1807,1833]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BB9EFC5060C9DA41" box="[199,481,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BAB2FC506360DA41" bold="true" box="[491,584,1807,1833]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83B3D38BAB2FC506360DA41" box="[491,584,1807,1833]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38B9BEFC50625BDA41" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1888" box="[743,883,1807,1833]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufescens">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B9BEFC50625BDA41" box="[743,883,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. rufescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having six supralabials, the fourth and fifth widely in contact with the eye (vs. five supralabials, third and fourth entering the eye) and being light brown beneath (vs. uniform yellowish beneath).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83B3D39BB9EFC2465BADCB9" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="136" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BB9EFC2460F5DAFD" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,477,1915,1941]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BB9EFC2460F5DAFD" box="[199,477,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BABDFC246316DAFD" bold="true" box="[484,574,1915,1941]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83B3D38BABDFC246316DAFD" box="[484,574,1915,1941]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38B98AFC246511DAFD" authority="Boulenger, 1908" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1908" box="[723,1081,1915,1941]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B98AFC24625EDAFD" box="[723,886,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. formosanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61604B4BB83B3D38B824FC246511DAFD" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[893,1081,1915,1941]" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" pagination="221 - 222" refId="ref6505" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1908) Description of a new frog and a new snake from Formosa. Annals &amp; Magazine of Natural History, 8 (2), 221 - 222. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930808692472" type="journal article" year="1908">Boulenger, 1908</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BF1CFC2461F3DAD1" authority="(Zong &amp; Ma, 1983)" baseAuthorityName="Zong &amp; Ma" baseAuthorityYear="1983" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jinggangensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BF1CFC246428DAFC" box="[1093,1280,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. jinggangensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="61604B4BB83B3D38BE56FC2461FADAD1" author="Zong, Y. &amp; Ma, J." pageId="8" pageNumber="135" pagination="61 - 63" refId="ref8900" refString="Zong, Y. &amp; Ma, J. (1983) A new species of the genus Achalinopsis from Jiangxi and the restoration of this genus. Acta Herpetologica Sinica, 2 (2), 61 - 63. [in Chinese]" type="journal article" year="1983">Zong &amp; Ma, 1983</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BBBFFCC065ADDAD1" authority="Ziegler, Nguyen, Pham, Nguyen, Pham, Van Schingen, Nguyen &amp; Le, 2019" authorityName="Ziegler, Nguyen, Pham, Nguyen, Pham, Van Schingen, Nguyen &amp; Le" authorityYear="2019" box="[230,1157,1951,1977]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="timi">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BBBFFCC06019DAD0" box="[230,305,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. timi</emphasis>
Ziegler, Nguyen, Pham, Nguyen, Pham, Van Schingen, Nguyen &amp; Le, 2019
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D38BFC9FCC06338DAB5" authority="Li, Yu, Wu, Liao, Tang, Liu &amp; Guo, 2020" authorityName="Li, Yu, Wu, Liao, Tang, Liu &amp; Guo" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pingbianensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38BFC9FCC06462DAD1" box="[1168,1354,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. pingbianensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61604B4BB83B3D38BE08FCC06338DAB5" author="Li, K. &amp; Yu, M. &amp; Wu, Y. Y. &amp; Liao, L. H. &amp; Tang, K. &amp; Liu, Q. &amp; Guo, P." pageId="8" pageNumber="135" pagination="116 - 128" refId="ref7384" refString="Li, K., Yu, M., Wu, Y. Y., Liao, L. H., Tang, K., Liu, Q. &amp; Guo, P. (2020) A new species of the genus Achalinus (Squamata: Xenodermatidae) from southeastern Yunnan Province, China. Zootaxa, 4860 (1), 116 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4860.1.6" type="journal article" year="2020">Li, Yu, Wu, Liao, Tang, Liu &amp; Guo, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83B3D39B943FC9C6070DDD9" authority="Miller, Davis, Luong, Do, Pham, Ziegler, Lee, De Queiroz, Reynolds &amp; Nguyen, 2020" authorityName="Miller, Davis, Luong, Do, Pham, Ziegler, Lee, De Queiroz, Reynolds &amp; Nguyen" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="136" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="135" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zugorum">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83B3D38B943FC9C63B2DAB4" box="[538,666,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="135">A. zugorum</emphasis>
Miller, Davis, Luong, Do, Pham, Ziegler, Lee, De Queiroz, Reynolds &amp; Nguyen, 2020
</taxonomicName>
, by having a separated loreal (vs. absence). Further it is different from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BFD8FBC8640CDDD9" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1908" box="[1153,1316,151,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="formosanus">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BFD8FBC8640CDDD9" box="[1153,1316,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A. formosanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having fewer midbody dorsal scale rows (23 vs. 27), three pairs of chin shields (vs. two pairs), fewer subcaudals in females (41–46 vs. 61–70); from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BAF6FB806342DD90" baseAuthorityName="Zong &amp; Ma" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[431,618,223,249]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jinggangensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BAF6FB806342DD90" box="[431,618,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A. jinggangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having fewer infralabials (5 vs. 6), three pairs of chin shields (vs. two pairs), fewer subcaudals in females (41–46 vs. 51); from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39B84BFA5C6275DC74" authorityName="Ziegler, Nguyen, Pham, Nguyen, Pham, Van Schingen, Nguyen &amp; Le" authorityYear="2019" box="[786,861,259,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="timi">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B84BFA5C6275DC74" box="[786,861,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A. timi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by different dorsal scale row counts (23–23–23 vs. 25–25–23), fewer infralabials (5 vs. 6), three pairs of chin shields (vs. two pairs), and the suture between internasals subequal to that between prefrontals (vs. the suture between internasals distinctly longer than between prefrontals); from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BB8DFA3060A7DCE1" authorityName="Li, Yu, Wu, Liao, Tang, Liu &amp; Guo" authorityYear="2020" box="[212,399,367,393]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pingbianensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BB8DFA3060A7DCE1" box="[212,399,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A. pingbianensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having fewer infralabials (5 vs. 6), fewer supralabials (6 vs. 7), 3 pairs of chin shields (vs. 2 pairs), and being uniformly dark brown above, light brown beneath (vs. uniform black above and beneath), and from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BB8CFAE8607EDCB8" authorityName="Miller, Davis, Luong, Do, Pham, Ziegler, Lee, De Queiroz, Reynolds &amp; Nguyen" authorityYear="2020" box="[213,342,439,465]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zugorum">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BB8CFAE8607EDCB8" box="[213,342,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A. zugorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having fewer infralabials (5 vs. 6), 3 pairs of chin shields (vs. 2 pairs).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83A3D39BB9EFA84659EDF09" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BB9EFA8460F4DC9D" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,476,475,501]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BB9EFA8460F4DC9D" box="[199,476,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BAB8FA846311DC9D" bold="true" box="[481,569,475,501]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83A3D39BAB8FA846311DC9D" box="[481,569,475,501]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39B990FA846503DC9D" authority="Hu &amp; Zhao, 1966" authorityName="Hu &amp; Zhao" authorityYear="1966" box="[713,1067,475,501]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meiguensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B990FA8463F2DC9D" box="[713,730,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B9BEFA84624BDC9C" box="[743,867,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">meiguensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61604B4BB83A3D39B830FA846503DC9D" author="Hu, S. Q. &amp; Zhao, E. M." box="[873,1067,475,501]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" pagination="158 - 164" refId="ref6880" refString="Hu, S. Q. &amp; Zhao, E. M. (1966) Three new species of reptiles from Szechwan. Acta Zootaxon Sinica, 3 (2), 158 - 164. [In Chinese with English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1966">Hu &amp; Zhao, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BF07FA846401DC9D" authorityName="Hou, Wang, Guo, Chen, Yuan &amp; Che" authorityYear="2021" box="[1118,1321,475,501]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="panzhihuaensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BF07FA846547DC9D" box="[1118,1135,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BF25FA846401DC9D" box="[1148,1321,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">panzhihuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having divided internasals (vs. absent), absence of postocular (vs. presence), fewer infralabials (5 vs. 6), mental separated from anterior chin shields (vs. in contact), and the first pair of infralabials in contact (vs. separated). Furthermore, it differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BA7DF91860D8DF09" authorityName="Hou, Wang, Guo, Chen, Yuan &amp; Che" authorityYear="2021" box="[292,496,583,609]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="panzhihuaensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BA7DF918601DDF09" box="[292,309,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BA1AF91860D8DF09" box="[323,496,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">panzhihuaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by different dorsal scale row counts (23–23–23 vs. 23–23–19).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83A3D39BB9EF93464A9DFC1" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BB9EF93460F6DFED" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,478,619,645]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BB9EF93460F6DFED" box="[199,478,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BABCF9346368DFED" bold="true" box="[485,576,619,645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83A3D39BABCF9346368DFED" box="[485,576,619,645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39B98FF9346292DFED" authority="Maki, 1931" authorityName="Maki" authorityYear="1931" box="[726,954,619,645]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B98FF9346219DFEC" box="[726,817,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A. niger</emphasis>
Maki, 1931
</taxonomicName>
by having fewer infralabials (five vs. six), different dorsal scale row counts (23–23–23 vs. 25–25–23), and fewer subcaudals in females (41–46 vs. 52–58).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83A3D39BB9EF9EC65F0DE7D" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BB9EF9EC60C8DFA5" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,480,691,717]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BB9EF9EC60C8DFA5" box="[199,480,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BAB0F9EC636EDFA5" bold="true" box="[489,582,691,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83A3D39BAB0F9EC636EDFA5" box="[489,582,691,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39B9BBF9EC607DDF99" authority="Luu, Ziegler, Ha, Lo, Hoang, Ngo, Le, Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2020" authorityName="Luu, Ziegler, Ha, Lo, Hoang, Ngo, Le, Tran &amp; Nguyen" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tranganensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B9BBF9EC62BDDFA4" box="[738,917,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A. tranganensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61604B4BB83A3D39B8C7F9EC607DDF99" author="Luu, V. Q. &amp; Ziegler, T. &amp; Van Ha, N. &amp; Van Lo, O. &amp; Hoang, T. T. &amp; Ngo, H. T. &amp; Le, M. D. &amp; Tran, D. H. &amp; Nguyen, T. Q." pageId="9" pageNumber="136" pagination="174 - 184" refId="ref7467" refString="Luu, V. Q., Ziegler, T., Van Ha, N., Van Lo, O., Hoang, T. T., Ngo, H. T., Le, M. D., Tran, D. H. &amp; Nguyen, T. Q. (2020) A new species of Achalinus (Squamata: Xenodermidae) from Trang An Landscape Complex, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam. Zootaxa, 4877 (1), 174 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4877.1.8" type="journal article" year="2020">Luu, Ziegler, Ha, Lo, Hoang, Ngo, Le, Tran &amp; Nguyen, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by having fewer infralabials (five vs. six), three pairs of chin shields (vs. two pairs), a relatively shorter tail length (TaL/ToL 12–16% vs. 25%), and fewer subcaudals in females (41–46 vs. 73+).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83A3D39BB9EF84060E1DEE9" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BB9EF84060CBDE51" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,483,799,825]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BB9EF84060CBDE51" box="[199,483,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BAB6F8406366DE51" bold="true" box="[495,590,799,825]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83A3D39BAB6F8406366DE51" box="[495,590,799,825]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39B9AAF84065E6DE51" authority="Wang, Li &amp; Wang, 2019" authorityName="Wang, Li &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[755,1230,799,825]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yunkaiensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B9AAF84062B3DE51" box="[755,923,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A. yunkaiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61604B4BB83A3D39B8FEF84065E6DE51" author="Wang, J. &amp; Li, Y. &amp; Zeng, Z. C. &amp; Lyu, Z. T. &amp; Sung, Y. H. &amp; Li, Y. Y. &amp; Lin, C. Y. &amp; Wang, Y. Y." box="[935,1230,799,825]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" pagination="471 - 481" refId="ref8476" refString="Wang, J., Li, Y., Zeng, Z. C., Lyu, Z. T., Sung, Y. H., Li, Y. Y., Lin, C. Y. &amp; Wang, Y. Y. (2019) A new species of the genus Achalinus from southwestern Guangdong Province, China (Squamata: Xenodermatidae). Zootaxa, 4674 (4), 471 - 481. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4674.4.6" type="journal article" year="2019">Wang, Li &amp; Wang, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by having fewer infralabials (five vs. six), three pairs of chin shields (vs. two pairs), and the outer-most dorsal scales rows keeled (vs. outmost rows smooth).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DEB6531B83A3D39BB9EF8D46089DE85" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83A3D39BB9EF8D46089DE85" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BB9EF8D46066DECD" bold="true" box="[199,334,907,933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet refers to the location of 
<typeStatus id="DA4A8818B83A3D39B81CF8D4625DDECD" box="[837,885,907,933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">type</typeStatus>
specimens, Ningshan County, 
<collectingRegion id="C735F858B83A3D39BF89F8D464B0DECD" box="[1232,1432,907,933]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Shaanxi Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="7DE6762AB83A3D39BBCEF8F061F6DEA1" box="[151,222,943,969]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">China</collectingCountry>
. We suggest Níng Shǎn Jǐ Shé (Ťkḛffi) as Chinese common name, and Ningshan Odd-scaled Snake as English common name.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DEB6531B83A3D39BB9EF8A96576D859" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="054E36BAB83A3D39BB9EF8A96576D859" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BB9EF8A960C4D978" bold="true" box="[199,492,1014,1041]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Distribution and habits.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BAAFF8A86227D979" authority="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang, 2022" authorityName="Yang &amp; Huang &amp; Jiang &amp; Burbrink &amp; Yu &amp; Zhang &amp; Huang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2022" box="[502,783,1015,1041]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BAAFF8A86227D979" box="[502,783,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Achalinus ningshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B840F8A8625ED979" bold="true" box="[793,886,1015,1041]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB657D3B83A3D39B840F8A8625ED979" box="[793,886,1015,1041]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is currently known only from the 
<typeStatus id="DA4A8818B83A3D39BE57F8A86416D979" box="[1294,1342,1015,1041]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">type</typeStatus>
locality Ningshan County, 
<collectingRegion id="C735F858B83A3D39BA34FF44631ED95D" box="[365,566,1051,1077]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Shaanxi Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="7DE6762AB83A3D39B91DFF4463A3D95D" box="[580,651,1051,1077]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">China</collectingCountry>
. All the specimens were found in farmland. The surrounding habitat was composed of secondary conifer/broad-leaved mixed forest. The new species is sympatric with 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BFA0FF6064BDD931" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1869" box="[1273,1429,1087,1113]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spinalis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BFA0FF60643AD931" box="[1273,1298,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A.</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BE67FF6064BDD931" box="[1342,1429,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">spinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BBCEFF3C6065D915" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,333,1123,1149]" class="Reptilia" family="Xenodermatidae" genus="Achalinus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufescens">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BBCEFF3C6198D915" box="[151,176,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">A.</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BBBAFF3C6065D915" box="[227,333,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">rufescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BA06FF3C6278D915" authority="(Yuan, 1983)" baseAuthorityName="Yuan" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[351,848,1123,1149]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Stichophanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ningshaanensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BA06FF3C6384D915" box="[351,684,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Stichophanes ningshaanensis</emphasis>
(Yuan, 1983)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39B839FF3C6415D915" authority="(Cantor, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Cantor" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[864,1341,1123,1149]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Euprepiophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mandarinus">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B839FF3C65AFD915" box="[864,1159,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Euprepiophis mandarinus</emphasis>
(Cantor, 1842)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BE14FF3C60BBD9C9" authority="(Cope, 1861)" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Elaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taeniura">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BE14FF3C61DED9C8" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Elaphe taeniura</emphasis>
(Cope, 1861)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BAC6FFD86335D9C8" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[415,541,1159,1184]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Elaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carinata">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BAC6FFD86335D9C8" box="[415,541,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">E. carinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Günther, 1864), 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39B9BFFFD864B0D9C9" authority="Qi, Shi, Ma, Gao, Bu, Grismer, Li, Wang 2021" authorityName="Qi, Shi, Ma, Gao, Bu, Grismer, Li, Wang" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Qi et al." baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[742,1432,1159,1185]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Elaphe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xiphodonta">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B9BFFFD862ABD9C9" box="[742,899,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">E. xiphodonta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="61604B4BB83A3D39B8D3FFD864B0D9C9" author="Qi, S. &amp; Shi, J. S. &amp; Ma, Y. B. &amp; Gao, Y. F. &amp; Bu, S. H. &amp; Grismer, L. L. &amp; Li, P. P. &amp; Wang, Y. Y." box="[906,1432,1159,1185]" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" pagination="23 - 47" refId="ref7984" refString="Qi, S., Shi, J. S., Ma, Y. B., Gao, Y. F., Bu, S. H., Grismer, L. L., Li, P. P. &amp; Wang, Y. Y. (2021) A sheep in wolf's clothing: Elaphe xiphodonta sp. nov. (Squamata, Colubridae) and its possible mimicry to Protobothrops jerdonii. ZooKeys 1048, 23 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1048.65650" type="journal article" year="2021">Qi, Shi, Ma, Gao, Bu, Grismer, Li, Wang 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BBCEFFF46389D9AD" authority="(Cantor, 1839)" baseAuthorityName="Cantor" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[151,673,1195,1221]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oreocryptophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="porphyraceus">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BBCEFFF460C3D9AD" box="[151,491,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Oreocryptophis porphyraceus</emphasis>
(Cantor, 1839)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39B9EBFFF462A4D9AC" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[690,908,1195,1221]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Cyclophiops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B9EBFFF462A4D9AC" box="[690,908,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Cyclophiops major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Günther, 1858), 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BF3BFFF461F3D981" authority="(Fischer, 1886)" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1886" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ruhstrati">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BF3BFFF46407D9AD" box="[1122,1327,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Lycodon ruhstrati</emphasis>
(Fischer, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BBB1FF906268D981" authority="Zhang, Jiang, Vogel and Rao, 2011" authorityName="Zhang, Jiang, Vogel and Rao" authorityYear="2011" box="[232,832,1231,1257]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="liuchengchaoi">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BBB1FF90608ED981" box="[232,422,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">L. liuchengchaoi</emphasis>
Zhang, Jiang, Vogel and Rao, 2011
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39B814FF906421D981" authority="(Blyth, 1855)" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[845,1289,1230,1257]" class="Reptilia" family="Pseudoxenodontidae" genus="Pseudoxenodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrops">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B814FF90654ED980" box="[845,1126,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Pseudoxenodon macrops</emphasis>
(Blyth, 1855)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BE4FFF9060E0D865" authority="(Boulenger, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Reptilia" family="Natricidae" genus="Rhabdophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nuchalis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BE4FFF9061DED865" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Rhabdophis nuchalis</emphasis>
(Boulenger, 1891)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BA8AFFAC6279D865" authority="(Cantor, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Cantor" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[467,849,1267,1293]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Zaocys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dhumnades">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BA8AFFAC6380D865" box="[467,680,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Zaocys dhumnades</emphasis>
(Cantor, 1842)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39B802FFAC64B0D865" authority="Orlov, Ryabov and Nguyen, 2013" authorityName="Orlov, Ryabov and Nguyen" authorityYear="2013" box="[859,1432,1267,1293]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Azemiops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kharini">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B802FFAC6535D865" box="[859,1053,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Azemiops kharini</emphasis>
Orlov, Ryabov and Nguyen, 2013
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39BBCEFE4860A2D859" box="[151,394,1303,1329]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Gloydius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="qinlingensis">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39BBCEFE4860A2D859" box="[151,394,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Gloydius qinlingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Song and Chen, 1985), 
<taxonomicName id="C2F14D39B83A3D39B9FAFE48628CD859" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[675,932,1303,1329]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Protobothrops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="136" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jerdonii">
<emphasis id="3785EAA8B83A3D39B9FAFE48628CD859" box="[675,932,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="136">Protobothrops jerdonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Günther, 1875)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>