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<document id="AE81212552ABC344F411D3F3E2138689" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.210824" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4a3ca8ca-49ff-4de5-99fb-53dca97cd62c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="210824" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460551861589" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hayes, Polly, Justine, Jean-Lou &amp; Boxshall, Geoffrey A." docDate="2012" docId="9B238789FFE78067768BFA41FDEEFDFF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03534p039.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3534" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Caligus stromatei Kroyer 1863" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="671AFFF1FFE88077761CFFE6FFA1FFC3" masterDocTitle="The genus Caligus Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida): two new species from reef associated fishes in New Caledonia, and some nomenclatural problems resolved" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1698318448691" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="2BF9C4E1BDB03B4675B619DDEE814B12">The genus Caligus Müller, 1785 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida): two new species from reef associated fishes in New Caledonia, and some nomenclatural problems resolved</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="93B30C41B503655E443FCEBF32A26FAF">Hayes, Polly</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0C32A2D02CF1168F1D79C0DAF6F2D4E5">Justine, Jean-Lou</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0E83AD4A67147B1066E372EC61EDF028">Boxshall, Geoffrey A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="72BD1F4F4C09E3059AF4D90B1F757B69">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="9B238789FFE78067768BFA41FDEEFDFF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6167109" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119530670" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6167109" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B238789FFE78067768BFA41FDEEFDFF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B238789FFE78067768BFA41FDEEFDFF" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<subSubSection id="5B906514FFE78078768BFA41FDB5FA02" box="[151,532,1447,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1335369FFFE78078768BFA41FDB5FA02" blockId="15.[151,532,1447,1473]" box="[151,532,1447,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="487D81F3FFE78078768BFA41FDB5FA02" bold="true" box="[151,532,1447,1473]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE78078768BFA41FDB5FA02" authority="Kroyer, 1863" authorityName="Kroyer" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,532,1447,1473]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE78078768BFA41FDB5FA02" bold="true" box="[151,532,1447,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE78078768BFA41FECDFA02" bold="true" box="[151,364,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Caligus stromatei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE78078776FFA41FDB5FA02" author="Kroyer" box="[371,532,1447,1473]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" refString="Kroyer, H. (1863) Bidrag til Kundskab om Snyltekrebsene. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, series 3, 2, 75 - 320, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1863">Krøyer, 1863</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1335369FFFE78078768BFA08FED8F955" blockId="15.[151,1436,1518,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE78078768BFA08FEFCF9C5" box="[151,349,1518,1542]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE78078768BFA08FEFCF9C5" box="[151,349,1518,1542]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Caligus stromatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described based on material from
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE780787598FA09FC5EF9C5" ID-CoL="7PDY" box="[900,1023,1519,1542]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stromateidae" genus="Stromateus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE780787598FA09FC5EF9C5" box="[900,1023,1519,1542]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Stromateus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE78078720CFA08FB35F9C5" box="[1040,1172,1518,1542]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">rhomboides</emphasis>
) collected in the Indian Ocean (
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE7807876F1F9F4FE29F9E9" author="Kroyer" box="[237,392,1554,1578]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" refString="Kroyer, H. (1863) Bidrag til Kundskab om Snyltekrebsene. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, series 3, 2, 75 - 320, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1863">Krøyer, 1863</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE780787780F9F5FD9FF9E9" author="Kroyer" box="[412,574,1554,1579]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" refString="Kroyer, H. (1863) Bidrag til Kundskab om Snyltekrebsene. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, series 3, 2, 75 - 320, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1863">Krøyer (1863)</bibRefCitation>
provided illustrations of the habitus of both sexes, the antennule and lunule, the sternal furca, the rami of the third leg, and the fourth leg (1863: plate IV, figs. 1a–f). Other than mentions in lists or synthetic treatments such as Yamaguti’s (1963) compendium, this species has never been recorded since its original description.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1335369FFFE7807876DBF945FE99F8AD" blockId="15.[151,1436,1518,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE7807876DBF945FDECF979" authority="Shen, 1957" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="1957" box="[199,589,1698,1723]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multispinosus">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE7807876DBF945FE63F978" box="[199,450,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Caligus multispinosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE7807877D0F944FDECF979" author="Shen" box="[460,589,1698,1722]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" refString="Shen, C. - J. (1957) Parasitic copepods from fishes of China. Part II. Caligoida, Caligidae (I). Acta zoologica Sinica, 9, 351 - 377, pls 1 - 11. [In Chinese, English summary]." type="journal article" year="1957">Shen, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was described on the basis of females collected from
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE7807872D6F942FECBF91D" ID-CoL="4C8ZS" authority="Euphrasen, 1788" authorityName="Euphrasen" authorityYear="1788" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stromateidae" genus="Pampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argenteus">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE7807872D6F942FA3DF978" box="[1226,1436,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Pampus argenteus</emphasis>
(Euphrasen, 1788)
</taxonomicName>
[as
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE7807877BDF920FD0DF91C" box="[417,684,1734,1759]" family="Stromateidae" genus="Stromateoides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argentus">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE7807877BDF920FD0DF91C" box="[417,684,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Stromateoides argentus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] taken at Gwangtong,
<collectingCountry id="6B9D760FFFE7807875A0F920FC5EF91D" box="[956,1023,1734,1758]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">China</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE78078720EF920FB3BF91D" author="Shen" box="[1042,1178,1734,1758]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" refString="Shen, C. - J. (1957) Parasitic copepods from fishes of China. Part II. Caligoida, Caligidae (I). Acta zoologica Sinica, 9, 351 - 377, pls 1 - 11. [In Chinese, English summary]." type="journal article" year="1957">Shen, 1957</bibRefCitation>
). It has been reported subsequently from the same host in Indian waters (
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE7807874CDF90CFCF4F8C1" author="Pillai" box="[721,853,1770,1794]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" refString="Pillai, N. K. (1961) Copepods parasitic on South Indian fishes. Part I. Caligidae. Bulletin of the Central Research Institute, University of Kerala (C), 8, 87 - 130." type="journal article" year="1961">Pillai, 1961</bibRefCitation>
) and in
<collectingCountry id="6B9D760FFFE7807875ACF90CFBA3F8C1" box="[944,1026,1770,1794]" name="Taiwan" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE78078720DF90CFB6AF8C1" author="Ho" box="[1041,1227,1770,1794]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" refString="Ho, J. S. &amp; Lin, C. L. (2004) Sea Lice of Taiwan (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Caligidae). The Sueichan Press, Keelung, 388 pp." type="book" year="2004">Ho &amp; Lin, 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE7807872C1F90DFA3DF8C1" author="Ho" box="[1245,1436,1770,1794]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" refString="Ho, J. S. &amp; Lin, C. L. (2004) Sea Lice of Taiwan (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Caligidae). The Sueichan Press, Keelung, 388 pp." type="book" year="2004">Ho &amp; Lin (2004)</bibRefCitation>
noted that the specimens of “
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE7807877EFF8E8FC20F8E5" authority="Yu, 1933" authorityName="Yu" authorityYear="1933" box="[499,897,1806,1830]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundigenitalis">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE7807877EFF8E8FCA6F8E5" box="[499,775,1806,1830]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Caligus rotundigenitalis</emphasis>
Yü, 1933
</taxonomicName>
” reported from the gills of
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE7807872D2F8F6FECBF889" ID-CoL="75LLG" authority="Euphrasen, 1788" authorityName="Euphrasen" authorityYear="1788" class="Actinopterygii" family="Stromateidae" genus="Pampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE7807872D2F8F6FA3DF8E5" box="[1230,1436,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Pampus chinensis</emphasis>
(Euphrasen, 1788)
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="6B9D760FFFE78078778BF8D4FE5FF889" box="[407,510,1842,1866]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE78078742EF8D5FD6EF889" author="Leong" box="[562,719,1842,1867]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" refString="Leong, T. S. (1984) Copepoda of the genus Caligus (Caligidae) parasitic on Malaysian fishes. Tropical Biomedicine, 1, 163 - 174." type="journal article" year="1984">Leong (1984)</bibRefCitation>
were misidentified: these specimens actually belonged to
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE78078739EF8D5FE90F8AD" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multispinosus">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE78078739EF8D5FE90F8AD" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">C. multispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1335369FFFE7806776DBF89CFD1FFE37" blockId="15.[151,1436,1518,2010]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,151,573]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
Close comparison between Krøyer’s (1863) illustrations of
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE780787540F89DFC44F850" box="[860,997,1915,1939]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE780787540F89DFC44F850" box="[860,997,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">C. stromatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFE780787206F89DFB75F850" box="[1050,1236,1915,1939]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multispinosus">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFE780787206F89DFB75F850" box="[1050,1236,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">C. multispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as redescribed by
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFE78078768BF879FEF5F875" author="Ho" box="[151,340,1950,1974]" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" refString="Ho, J. S. &amp; Lin, C. L. (2004) Sea Lice of Taiwan (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Caligidae). The Sueichan Press, Keelung, 388 pp." type="book" year="2004">Ho &amp; Lin (2004)</bibRefCitation>
reveals detailed similarities. The abdomen of the adult female is elongate in both species—around 2.8 to 3.0 times longer than wide—and distinctly longer than the genital complex. The genital complex is just wider than long. The abdomen is described as two-segmented (
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFF880677578FF71FC48FF6C" author="Pillai" box="[868,1001,151,175]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" refString="Pillai, N. K. (1985) Fauna of India. Parasitic copepods of marine fishes. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, 900 pp." type="book" year="1985">Pillai, 1985</bibRefCitation>
) or indistinctly two-segmented (
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFF880677346FF71FEA6FF17" author="Ho" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" refString="Ho, J. S. &amp; Lin, C. L. (2004) Sea Lice of Taiwan (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Caligidae). The Sueichan Press, Keelung, 388 pp." type="book" year="2004">Ho &amp; Lin, 2004</bibRefCitation>
) in
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFF88067772AFF5BFE53FF17" box="[310,498,188,212]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multispinosus">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFF88067772AFF5BFE53FF17" box="[310,498,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">C. multispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but shown as one-segmented in
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFF88067756CFF5BFC5DFF17" box="[880,1020,189,212]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFF88067756CFF5BFC5DFF17" box="[880,1020,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">C. stromatei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the segmentation is not marked and we regard this as a difference in interpretation. The abdomen of the male is 2-segmented in both species, with the anal somite two to three times longer than the preceding somite. The outer spine on the first exopodal segment of leg 3 is straight and extends beyond the articulation with the second segment. Leg 4 has a stout protopodal segment and the exopodal spines are clustered together along the outer distal margin of the ramus.
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFF8806772E6FEABFA3DFEA7" author="Kroyer" box="[1274,1436,332,357]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" refString="Kroyer, H. (1863) Bidrag til Kundskab om Snyltekrebsene. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, series 3, 2, 75 - 320, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1863">Krøyer (1863)</bibRefCitation>
only show two exopodal segments rather than three, but we consider this is an error.
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFF880677251FE96FB4FFE44" author="Kroyer" box="[1101,1262,367,392]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" refString="Kroyer, H. (1863) Bidrag til Kundskab om Snyltekrebsene. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, series 3, 2, 75 - 320, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1863">Krøyer (1863)</bibRefCitation>
does show two tiny knob-like processes on the outer margin of the first exopodal segment of leg 4. The distal knob-like process is located close to the end of the elongate pecten on the first exopodal segment and is more conspicuous: it is also figured by
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFF88067770EFE3AFE3FFE37" author="Pillai" box="[274,414,476,500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" refString="Pillai, N. K. (1985) Fauna of India. Parasitic copepods of marine fishes. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, 900 pp." type="book" year="1985">Pillai (1985)</bibRefCitation>
and by
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFF8806777E4FE3BFD1BFE37" author="Ho" box="[504,698,476,500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" refString="Ho, J. S. &amp; Lin, C. L. (2004) Sea Lice of Taiwan (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida: Caligidae). The Sueichan Press, Keelung, 388 pp." type="book" year="2004">Ho &amp; Lin (2004)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1335369FFFF8806776DBFDE6FDEEFDFF" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">
In the light of these similarities we here propose to treat
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFF880677544FDE6FB3EFDD4" authority="Shen, 1957" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="1957" box="[856,1183,511,536]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multispinosus">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFF880677544FDE6FBB4FDDB" box="[856,1045,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">C. multispinosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFF880677202FE19FB3EFDD4" author="Shen" box="[1054,1183,511,535]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" refString="Shen, C. - J. (1957) Parasitic copepods from fishes of China. Part II. Caligoida, Caligidae (I). Acta zoologica Sinica, 9, 351 - 377, pls 1 - 11. [In Chinese, English summary]." type="journal article" year="1957">Shen, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
as a junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="D48A4D1CFFF88067773FFDC3FDEBFDFF" authority="Kroyer, 1863" authorityName="Kroyer" authorityYear="1863" box="[291,586,548,573]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Caligidae" genus="Caligus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stromatei">
<emphasis id="21FEEA8DFFF88067773FFDC3FE0DFDFF" box="[291,428,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">C. stromatei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="771B4B6EFFF8806777AFFDC3FDEBFDFF" author="Kroyer" box="[435,586,548,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" refString="Kroyer, H. (1863) Bidrag til Kundskab om Snyltekrebsene. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift, series 3, 2, 75 - 320, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1863">Krøyer, 1863</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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