treatments-xml/data/E5/3F/66/E53F663EFFE6FFDDFA2EF405FAD0F84E.xml
2024-06-21 12:55:36 +02:00

207 lines
22 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="0C552B2EA6215EA0E292F37FCED0A967" ID-CLB-Dataset="65413" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6615351" ID-GBIF-Dataset="13dedbee-a497-4fe8-88ea-be26ee34927e" ID-ISBN="978-84-941892-3-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6615351" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1654286923339" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Thomas E. Lacher, Jr &amp; Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2016" docId="E53F663EFFE6FFDDFA2EF405FAD0F84E" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_6_Octodontidae_0536.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Octodontomys gliroides" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="540" masterDocId="19061E46FFE5FFD9FFEEFFDDFFC0FFC3" masterDocTitle="Octodontidae" masterLastPageNumber="541" masterPageNumber="536" pageNumber="539" updateTime="1699338928679" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="C0514BE8B69635396922F7E0CEF5137A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="12D6EA9E0588B2C1EBF7BAEB1844F359">
<mods:title id="F3AA70D0B255901AC916C5F0171005CF">Octodontidae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="7A984C7933B076FD0BEA45A1DB7E1D98" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0C0688C664373AFFF27F54A846781FED">
<mods:roleTerm id="46316E3F481E8D25971D917DC8B0F965">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D10B093D4AD91589365FB1DB4D858354">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A908B6BBFBB5219AAC30DBB2781A88E1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="835200F960DB8107EC46086E2CFCFA5E">
<mods:roleTerm id="78252665D02EBE626D099CEA7F0CE4B4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="36669EC3DDE29BEBB5FCAD6C7AAFF1E1">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A19AD3A158E5A03F85161A82F65C0EE0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E1E10A6D7D5D89B5489AD0A484155279">
<mods:roleTerm id="9B962FD37DDCB2B3FD6EF9D9DB6967CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3AB1CD2F4410CC52DBF4DDE797F68E92">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="FC1CF23ED20AD7F99FDA82AFF4A6BA7F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="A5824654FD64F3F0A17DDBCE400C7A1E" type="host">
<mods:originInfo id="AA5EC5C255E961F169BE7D9D229C151D">
<mods:dateIssued id="D346E93EE9792A47E37A552173AFC0FF">2016</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:dateOther id="5AB816663F4FE103CFEADB9D467EE27F" type="pubDate">2016-07-31</mods:dateOther>
<mods:publisher id="D8E841BD54F95E50ADAD99C10C8B112D">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="46559BBA9F83ADF4D44993AA2735FA17">
<mods:placeTerm id="D321FBBB13BB157B20516439064C4D83">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:titleInfo id="4F757D0A0099D3AF2E806370FDFA9AFD">
<mods:title id="676D6B3517172749CE8930D552585E4F">Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="03532C6953153E02085F6013936E872C">
<mods:extent id="B32851979912E86EC92CD353488D7488" unit="page">
<mods:start id="2AB9558FC4D052500F4A84081636B400">536</mods:start>
<mods:end id="79D0DD5B953D8A5136F31827FDFED4C3">541</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="DA2E7D845A1E5737DB73A703142044DA">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A36821078866B4179B127E510AB67ED2" type="CLB-Dataset">65413</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="32CE302B623B5027EE098CFA3EC3C503" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6615351</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5BFD7E7CB0019A0E2B3056CC87834722" type="GBIF-Dataset">13dedbee-a497-4fe8-88ea-be26ee34927e</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="44C1D8981FFD31F1C73DF937E4B1D5BA" type="ISBN">978-84-941892-3-4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6558C398425F1895D5C0D68C4CBE36C4" type="Zenodo-Dep">6615351</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="E53F663EFFE6FFDDFA2EF405FAD0F84E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6612398" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195759686" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6612398" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E53F663EFFE6FFDDFA2EF405FAD0F84E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E53F663EFFE6FFDDFA2EF405FAD0F84E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE6FFDAFA2EF405FA1FF3C5" box="[1472,1503,3032,3078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE6FFDAFA2EF405FA1FF3C5" blockId="3.[1469,2398,3032,3159]" box="[1472,1503,3032,3078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<heading id="36616044FFE6FFDAFA2EF405FA1FF3C5" box="[1472,1503,3032,3078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<figureCitation id="F5ADCBADFFE6FFDAFA2EF405FA1FF3C5" box="[1472,1503,3032,3078]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="2.[132,162,3368,3393]" captionTargetBox="[12,2775,13,3642]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="On following pages: 4. Chalchalero Viscacha Rat (Salinoctomys loschalchalerosorum); 5. Common Viscacha Rat (Octomys mimax); 6. Mountain Degu (Octodontomys gliroides); 7. Bridges's Degu (Octodon bridgesii); 8. Pacific Degu (Octodon pacificus); 9. Coastal Degu (Octodon lunatus); 10. Common Degu (Octodon degus); 11. Porter's Rock Rat (Aconaemys porteri); 12. Chilean Rock Rat (Aconaemys fuscus); 13. Sages Rock Rat (Aconaemys sage), 14. Coruro (Spalacopus cyanus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6615391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6615391/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">6.</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE6FFDAFA1EF405F8FCF3C5" box="[1520,1852,3032,3078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE6FFDAFA1EF405F8FCF3C5" blockId="3.[1469,2398,3032,3159]" box="[1520,1852,3032,3078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<heading id="36616044FFE6FFDAFA1EF405F8FCF3C5" box="[1520,1852,3032,3078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<vernacularName id="E395A706FFE6FFDAFA1EF405F8FCF3C5" box="[1520,1852,3032,3078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Mountain Degu</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE6FFDAF869F405F6D6F3C5" box="[1927,2326,3032,3078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE6FFDAF869F405F6D6F3C5" blockId="3.[1469,2398,3032,3159]" box="[1927,2326,3032,3078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<heading id="36616044FFE6FFDAF869F405F6D6F3C5" box="[1927,2326,3032,3078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE6FFDAF869F405F6D6F3C5" ID-CoL="48JW6" baseAuthorityName="Gervais &amp; d'Orbigny" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[1927,2326,3032,3078]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Octodontomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gliroides">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE6FFDAF869F405F6D6F3C5" box="[1927,2326,3032,3078]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Octodontomys gliroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE6FFDAFA51F3C5F838F396" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE6FFDAFA51F3C5F69EF3EE" blockId="3.[1469,2398,3032,3159]" box="[1471,2398,3096,3117]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<heading id="36616044FFE6FFDAFA51F3C5F69EF3EE" box="[1471,2398,3096,3117]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE6FFDAFA51F3C5F9CAF3EE" bold="true" box="[1471,1546,3096,3117]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="E395A706FFE6FFDAF9FDF3C5F8CAF3EE" box="[1555,1802,3096,3117]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Octodon a longue queue</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE6FFDAF8F1F3C5F8B9F3EE" bold="true" box="[1823,1913,3096,3117]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="E395A706FFE6FFDAF86DF3C5F782F3EE" box="[1923,2114,3096,3117]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Pinselschwanzratte</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE6FFDAF7B9F3C5F772F3EE" bold="true" box="[2135,2226,3096,3117]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="E395A706FFE6FFDAF752F3C5F69EF3EE" box="[2236,2398,3096,3117]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Degu del Monte</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE6FFDAFA50F39DF838F396" blockId="3.[1469,2398,3032,3159]" box="[1470,2040,3136,3157]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<heading id="36616044FFE6FFDAFA50F39DF838F396" box="[1470,2040,3136,3157]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE6FFDAFA50F39DF974F396" bold="true" box="[1470,1716,3136,3157]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Other common names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="E395A706FFE6FFDAF950F39DF8E0F396" box="[1726,1824,3136,3157]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Chozchori</vernacularName>
,
<vernacularName id="E395A706FFE6FFDAF8C0F39DF838F396" box="[1838,2040,3136,3157]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Long-tailed Octodon</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE6FFDAFA53F356F735F367" box="[1469,2293,3211,3236]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE6FFDAFA53F356F735F367" blockId="3.[1468,2675,3208,3480]" box="[1469,2293,3211,3236]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE6FFDAFA53F356F998F367" bold="true" box="[1469,1624,3211,3236]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE6FFDAF984F356F730F367" authority="P. Gervais &amp; d'Orbigny, 1844" authorityName="P. Gervais &amp; d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1844" box="[1642,2288,3211,3236]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Octodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gliroides">Octodon gliroides P. Gervais &amp; dOrbigny, 1844</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE6FFDAF6EAF356F8C0F309" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE6FFDAF6EAF356F8C0F309" blockId="3.[1468,2675,3208,3480]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<materialsCitation id="DDFEDD75FFE6FFDAF6EAF356F93CF309" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3803267310" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">“des Andes boliviennes, a Lapaz,” La Paz, Bolivia</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE6FFDAFA50F308F821F2A4" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE6FFDAFA50F308F821F2A4" blockId="3.[1468,2675,3208,3480]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
Phylogenetic position of
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE6FFDAF8CFF308F80DF331" authorityName="Palmer" authorityYear="1903" box="[1825,1997,3285,3314]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Octodontomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Octodontomys</taxonomicName>
remains uncertain. Most molecular studies support a sister relationship with the Chilean clade (
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE6FFDAF769F325F733F2DA" box="[2183,2291,3320,3353]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Octodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Octodon</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE6FFDAF6E7F325F657F2DA" authorityName="Ameghino" authorityYear="1891" box="[2313,2455,3320,3353]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Aconaemys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Aconaemys</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE6FFDAF62FF325F59AF2DA" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1832" box="[2497,2650,3320,3353]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Spalacopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Spalacopus</taxonomicName>
]), while others place it basal to the desert-adapted Argentinean clade (
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE6FFDAF67EF2FDF63BF282" box="[2448,2555,3360,3393]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Octomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Octomys</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE6FFDAF5F9F2FDF9EEF2A4" authorityName="Yepes" authorityYear="1941" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Tympanoctomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tympanoctomys</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE6FFDAF9BEF297F8E5F2A4" authorityName="Mares, Braun, Barquez &amp; Diaz" authorityYear="2000" box="[1616,1829,3402,3431]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Pipanacoctomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pipanacoctomys</taxonomicName>
]). Monotypic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE6FFDAFA53F2ABF5AEF24C" box="[1469,2670,3446,3471]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" type="distribution">
<caption id="39E987A0FFE6FFDAFA53F2ABF5AEF24C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6615367" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6615367" box="[1469,2670,3446,3471]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6615367/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="539" targetBox="[116,707,288,702]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE6FFDAFA53F2ABF5AEF24C" blockId="3.[1468,2675,3208,3480]" box="[1469,2670,3446,3471]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE6FFDAFA53F2ABF9A9F24C" bold="true" box="[1469,1641,3446,3471]" pageId="3" pageNumber="539">Distribution.</emphasis>
Andean and sub-Andean zones of SW Bolivia, N Chile, and NW Argentina.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE1FFDDFD34FEC7FCC7FCFE" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" type="description">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE1FFDDFD34FEC7FAEAFD06" blockId="4.[730,1324,282,709]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE1FFDDFD34FEC7FC33FEF8" bold="true" box="[730,1011,282,315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head-body 161-182 mm, tail 100-190 mm; weight 100-200 g. The Mountain Degu is mediumsized to large-sized. Skull is nearly similar to that of species of
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE1FFDDFBDFFE65FB58FE1A" box="[1073,1176,440,473]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Octomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Octomys</taxonomicName>
. Rostrum is relatively long and narrow. Tympanic bullae are large and well developed, like other desert-adapted octodontids. Pelage is long and silky. Dorsal fur is grayish brown, and venteris white, with gray bases to hairs. Chin and throat are pure white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE1FFDDFF96FD11FCC7FCFE" blockId="4.[120,1327,716,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Ears are large and covered with short grayish hairs. Tail is long (c.80% of head-body length) and bicolored, with well-developed, brown-ocher brush extending from tip. Chromosome complement is 2n = 38, FN = 64.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE1FFDDFF96FC9EFD8CFBE9" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE1FFDDFF96FC9EFD8CFBE9" blockId="4.[120,1327,716,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE1FFDDFF96FC9EFF27FCA7" bold="true" box="[120,231,835,868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Habitat.</emphasis>
Open, xeric, and rocky areas of the
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE1FFDDFD12FC9EFC85FCA7" authorityName="Roewer" authorityYear="1925" box="[764,837,835,868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Puna" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Puna</taxonomicName>
, dominated by columniform cacti (
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE1FFDDFF6BFCAEFEDEFC4F" box="[133,286,883,908]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Browningia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Browningia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE1FFDDFED6FCAEFDF9FC4F" authority=", Trichocereus" authorityName="Trichocereus" box="[312,569,883,908]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Cereus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cereus, Trichocereus</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE1FFDDFD77FCAEFCC4FC4F" box="[665,772,883,908]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Opuntia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE1FFDDFCF2FCAEFC6EFC4F" box="[796,942,883,908]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cactaceae</taxonomicName>
), shrubs, and herbaceous plants, at elevations of 2000-5000 m. The Mountain Degu is a scansorial species, but it can make superficial burrows in patches of columnar and ground-level cacti or shrubs, where they feed on vegetation, hide from predators, and rear offspring. Tail is used for substrate support when climbing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE1FFDDFF97FBF2FD10FB0B" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE1FFDDFF97FBF2FD10FB0B" blockId="4.[120,1327,716,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE1FFDDFF97FBF2FEBDFB93" bold="true" box="[121,381,1071,1104]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
The Mountain Degu is herbivorous and eats on cacti and pods and seeds of acacia (
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE1FFDDFE8AFB86FE7DFBBB" box="[356,445,1115,1144]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE1FFDDFE3EFB86FD98FBBB" authorityName="Lindley &amp; John" authorityYear="1830" box="[464,600,1115,1144]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
). Individuals feed on acacia sheaths in winter and cactus fruits in summer; they also eat leaves and bark of resinous shrubs and can use cactus tissues to satisfy water requirements.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE1FFDDFF97FB10FDEDFAA5" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE1FFDDFF97FB10FDEDFAA5" blockId="4.[120,1327,716,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE1FFDDFF97FB10FEC0FB2D" bold="true" box="[121,256,1229,1262]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Breeding.</emphasis>
Gestation of the Mountain Degu is 100-109 days, with litter sizes of 1-3 offspring. Precocial young are born completely furred and with open eyes. Juveniles in various stages of development have been found in November, and pregnant females and young in January and May.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE1FFDDFF96FAB6FE3AFA77" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" type="activity">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE1FFDDFF96FAB6FE3AFA77" blockId="4.[120,1327,716,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE1FFDDFF96FAB6FEA6FA4F" bold="true" box="[120,358,1387,1420]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
The Mountain Degu is nocturnal. Its activity is highest after sunset and decreases after sunrise.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE1FFDDFF94FA67FB5DF9BA" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE1FFDDFF94FA67FB5DF9BA" blockId="4.[120,1327,716,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE1FFDDFF94FA67FC82FA18" bold="true" box="[122,834,1466,1499]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
The Mountain Degu is social and communicates with gurgles, twitters, and squeaks in low, mid-, and high frequencies. A recent study of two populations of Mountain
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE1FFDDFD15F9D5FC91F9EA" box="[763,849,1544,1577]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Octodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="degus">Degus</taxonomicName>
identified social groups of 2-3 or 2—4 individuals. Mountain
<taxonomicName id="AA96ACABFFE1FFDDFE1BF9EDFD8BF992" box="[501,587,1584,1617]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Octodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="degus">Degus</taxonomicName>
from the same social group always used one burrow system for resting and hiding. Males have larger home ranges than females.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE1FFDDFF95F9A2FB04F92C" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE1FFDDFF95F9A2FB04F92C" blockId="4.[120,1327,716,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE1FFDDFF95F9A2FE16F963" bold="true" box="[123,470,1663,1696]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Mountain Degu has no apparent conservation threats, and it can live in areas of high human densities. It has a wide distribution and presumably a large overall population.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258C84A3FFE1FFDDFF92F920FAD0F84E" pageId="4" pageNumber="540" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="6D29D728FFE1FFDDFF92F920FAD0F84E" blockId="4.[120,1327,716,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">
<emphasis id="5FE20B3AFFE1FFDDFF92F920FECCF8D5" bold="true" box="[124,268,1789,1814]" pageId="4" pageNumber="540">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Contreras, Torres-Mura, Spotorno &amp; Walker (1994), Contreras, Torres-Mura &amp; Yanez (1987), Diaz, G.B. &amp; Ojeda (2000), Diaz, M.M. (1999), Gallardo (1992), Gallardo &amp; Kirsch (2001), George &amp; Weir (1972b), Honeycutt et al. (2003), Iriarte (2008), Mann (1978), Munoz-Pedreros (2000), Opazo (2005), Pine et al. (1979), Reig (1986), Rivera (2013), Rivera et al. (2014), Rowe etal. (2010), Tirira, Boada, Weksler et al. (2008a), Upham &amp; Patterson (2012), Weir (1974).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>