490 lines
71 KiB
XML
490 lines
71 KiB
XML
<document id="F1CE89C9BD58C5635BBD1229B6F337FA" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.211847" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9ac583a7-c77c-49a4-93a5-dedcd7789325" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="211847" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460545287262" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Grismer, Lee, Wood, Perry L., Quah, Evan S. H., Anuar, Shahrul, Muin, Abdul, Sumontha, Montri, Ahmad, Norhayati & Bauer, Aaron M." docDate="2012" docId="593687E8C120825AFF1EF97CFB62FE97" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03520p055.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3520" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis Grismer, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad & Bauer, 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="A50FFF90C1088277FF89FFC1FFC8FF80" masterDocTitle="A phylogeny and taxonomy of the Thai-Malay Peninsula Bent-toed Geckos of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex (Squamata: Gekkonidae): combined morphological and molecular analyses with descriptions of seven new species" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1698317727883" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B5AAA439EB749151432DBFE612561BC5">
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<mods:title id="A73A4630630C84FAFD584E0ED363EB71">A phylogeny and taxonomy of the Thai-Malay Peninsula Bent-toed Geckos of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex (Squamata: Gekkonidae): combined morphological and molecular analyses with descriptions of seven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A0681EA8672C63463FFDFC2213260CFD">Grismer, Lee</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="79F1EBFF0AC65CFC5DC946A5A48AC5E5">Wood, Perry L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4CC6E5D9CF8BD36CCECDD9C1D1292FEC">Quah, Evan S. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FD9CAD38223B96067258536B254301DA">Anuar, Shahrul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D0CE1C50830C537E466EFE5574C5B0C1">Muin, Abdul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F33267582B1343EC6449EDE22D525A3E">Sumontha, Montri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="77F40E5CAEB28BEDC1CBFB137552F7B9">Ahmad, Norhayati</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4B72200D1D00D8CA37FE227F97F85AAC">Bauer, Aaron M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9B144D991C2FB5944E8CC3413E4B71DF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0C708AB19DBF5B8C9E2DB21B83298747">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="32274F7482FE194A4C373EECF53557AF">3520</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="4BB51B35EF1DADF80C577A7C8087A94D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="534161B86469D8FC86BF569B274C792E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.211847</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2F750C0A167FF36ABACDB45CED850177" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="593687E8C120825AFF1EF97CFB62FE97" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6181175" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119528901" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6181175" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:593687E8C120825AFF1EF97CFB62FE97" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/593687E8C120825AFF1EF97CFB62FE97" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection id="99856575C120825FFF1EF97CFEDCF89B" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D12036FEC120825FFF1EF97CFD0CF956" blockId="40.[151,708,1724,1819]" box="[151,708,1724,1751]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<heading id="8A688192C120825FFF1EF97CFD0CF956" bold="true" box="[151,708,1724,1751]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC120825FFF1EF97CFD0CF956" bold="true" box="[151,708,1724,1751]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC120825FFF1EF97CFD97F957" box="[151,607,1725,1751]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australotitiwangsaensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC120825FFF1EF97CFD97F957" bold="true" box="[151,607,1725,1751]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C120825FFDEEF97DFD0CF956" box="[615,708,1724,1750]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D12036FEC120825FFF1EF91EFEDCF89B" blockId="40.[151,708,1724,1819]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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Southern Titiwangsa Bent-toed Gecko
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<figureCitation id="49A42A7BC120825FFF1EF8C2FF3AF89B" box="[151,242,1795,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1787,1810]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,502,1751]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,502,1753]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 17. Upper: Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis (LSUDPC 6431) from Fraser’s Hill, Pahang, Malaysia. Lower left: Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis (LSUHC 8090) from Fraser’s Hill, Pahang, Malaysia. Lower right: Lower montane forest habitat of C. australotitiwangsaensis at Fraser’s Hill, Pahang, Malaysia. All photos by L. Grismer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211863/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figs. 17</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="49A42A7BC120825FFF7EF8C2FEDCF89B" box="[247,276,1795,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,918,941]" captionTargetBox="[313,1273,203,895]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[313,1273,203,895]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Type series and additional specimens examined of Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis. Upper row: type series from left to right; holotype ZRC 2.6979, paratypes LSUHC 8089 – 90, ZRC 2.6980, LSUHC 8088, 6637. Lower row: additional specimens examined from type locality from left to right; LSUHC 8087, 9107, 9108, from Genting Highlands from left to right ZRC 2.5396, from Gunung Angsi from left to right ZRC 2.1181, 2.1180." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211864/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">18</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="99856575C120825FFF1EF88DFCB3F8E2" box="[151,891,1867,1890]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D12036FEC120825FFF1EF88DFCB3F8E2" blockId="40.[151,891,1867,1890]" box="[151,891,1867,1890]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="F18F11D0C120825FFF1EF88DFCB3F8E2" box="[151,891,1867,1890]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC120825FFF1EF88DFD90F8E1" authority="Lim et al. 2002:51" authorityName="Lim et al." authorityPageNumber="51" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,600,1867,1890]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
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<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC120825FFF1EF88DFE5BF8E2" box="[151,403,1868,1890]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Cyrtodactylus pulchellus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="503E10EFC120825FFE13F88AFD90F8E1" author="Lim" box="[410,600,1867,1890]" page="51" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="B50E4B0FC120825FFE13F88AFDF4F8E1" author="Lim" box="[410,572,1867,1890]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Lim, K. K. P., Leong, T. M. & Lim, B. L. (2002) Herpetofaunal records from Cameron Highlands, peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Wildlife and Parks, 20, 49 - 57." type="journal article" year="2002">
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||
Lim
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||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC120825FFE43F88CFE35F8E2" box="[458,509,1868,1890]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2002
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
:51
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="503E10EFC120825FFDEAF88AFCD3F8E1" author="Grismer" box="[611,795,1867,1889]" page="420" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" year="2011">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="B50E4B0FC120825FFDEAF88AFD27F8E1" author="Grismer" box="[611,751,1867,1889]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refString="Chan, K. O., Grismer, L. L., Shahrul, A., Quah, E., Grismer, L. L., Wood, Jr., P. L., Muin, M. A., Norhayati, A. (2011) A new species of Chiromantis (Peters 1854 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Perlis State Park in extreme northern Peninsular Malaysia with additional herpetofaunal records for the park. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 18, 253 - 259." type="journal article" year="2011">Grismer 2011</bibRefCitation>
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||
:420
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(in part).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="99856575C120825EFF1EF84EFE3DFE9F" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC120825FFF1EF84EFE82F871" blockId="40.[151,1436,1934,2033]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC120825FFF1EF84EFECCF827" bold="true" box="[151,260,1935,1959]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<typeStatus id="0E24885CC120825FFF1EF84EFECCF827" box="[151,260,1935,1959]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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.—Adult male (
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<collectionCode id="B78EAE3BC120825FFE3CF84FFE25F826" box="[437,493,1934,1958]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ZRC</collectionCode>
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2.6979) collected on
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<date id="A521103EC120825FFD6DF84FFC51F826" box="[740,921,1934,1959]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2006-08-27">27 August 2006</date>
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by L. Grismer. P. Wood, Jr., and T. Youmans on the back road up to Fraser’s Hill, Pahang, Peninsular
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<collectingCountry id="A988766EC120825FFC86F872FCBDF84B" box="[783,885,1971,1995]" name="Malaysia" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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(03°
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<geoCoordinate id="B4AB5039C120825FFC3DF872FBE4F84B" box="[948,1068,1971,1995]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="5" value="43.1699">43.1699 N</geoCoordinate>
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, 101°
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<geoCoordinate id="B4AB5039C120825FFBFDF872FB20F84B" box="[1140,1256,1971,1995]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="5" value="45.4789">45.4789 E</geoCoordinate>
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) at 1059 meters above sea level.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D12036FEC121825EFF4EFF59FE3DFE9F" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2006]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC121825EFF4EFF59FEF7FF30" bold="true" box="[199,319,152,176]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
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<typeStatus id="0E24885CC121825EFF4EFF59FEF7FF30" box="[199,319,152,176]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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.—
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<typeStatus id="0E24885CC121825EFED6FF59FE06FF30" box="[351,462,152,176]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="B78EAE3BC121825EFE5EFF56FDC5FF2F" box="[471,525,151,175]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ZRC</collectionCode>
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2.6980 and
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<collectionCode id="B78EAE3BC121825EFD14FF56FD31FF2F" box="[669,761,151,175]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/gc15-4qsc" name="La Sierra University, Herpetological Collection" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">LSUHC</collectionCode>
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8088–90 (adult female and adult males, respectively) have the same collection data as the
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<typeStatus id="0E24885CC121825EFE7FFF7CFD94FF55" box="[502,604,189,213]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<typeStatus id="0E24885CC121825EFDEFFF7FFD00FF56" box="[614,712,190,214]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="B78EAE3BC121825EFD46FF7CFCE3FF55" box="[719,811,189,213]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/gc15-4qsc" name="La Sierra University, Herpetological Collection" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">LSUHC</collectionCode>
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6637 (adult male) was collected on
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<date id="A521103EC121825EFB4CFF7CFAB1FF55" box="[1221,1401,189,214]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2004-08-18">18 August 2004</date>
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by P. Wood, Jr., and T. Youmans at Genting Highlands, Pahang, Peninsular
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<collectingCountry id="A988766EC121825EFC35FF23FBEBFF7A" box="[956,1059,226,250]" name="Malaysia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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(03°
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<geoCoordinate id="B4AB5039C121825EFBE8FF23FB11FF7A" box="[1121,1241,226,250]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="5" value="25.2388">25.2388 N</geoCoordinate>
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, 101°
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<geoCoordinate id="B4AB5039C121825EFAA9FF23FA5CFF7A" box="[1312,1428,226,250]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="5" value="47.33">47.3300 E</geoCoordinate>
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) at 1346 meters above sea level.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="99856575C121825EFF4EFEECFE27FDEF" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D12036FEC121825EFF4EFEECFE27FDEF" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2006]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC121825EFF4EFEECFEF2FEC6" bold="true" box="[199,314,301,326]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.—Adult males reaching
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||
<quantity id="16679B1BC121825EFDDEFEECFD02FEC5" box="[599,714,301,325]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.201" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="120.1">120.1 mm</quantity>
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SVL, adult females reaching
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<quantity id="16679B1BC121825EFB97FEECFB4AFEC5" box="[1054,1154,301,325]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.72" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="97.2">97.2 mm</quantity>
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SVL; 9–12 supralabials, 9–13 infralabials; tubercles of dorsum small to moderately large with no intervening smaller tubercles; no tubercles on ventral surfaces of forelimbs, gular region, or in ventrolateral body fold; 37–45 paravertebral tubercles; 22–30 longitudinal rows of dorsal tubercles; 32–40 rows of ventral scales; 21–25 subdigital lamellae on fourth toe; 39–45 femoro-precloacal pores in males; dorsum not bearing a scattered pattern of white tubercles; three or four body bands in adults lacking lightened centers and light colored tubercles; band to interspace ratio 1.00–2.00; seven or eight dark, caudal bands on original tail; white caudal bands in adults immaculate; and posterior portion of tail in hatchlings and juveniles banded not white. These characters are scored across all species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC121825EFB76FDF2FEC2FDF0" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC121825EFB76FDF2FEC2FDF0" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Cyrtodactylus pulchellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex in
|
||
<tableCitation id="9C1D0345C121825EFE1CFD96FE23FDEF" box="[405,491,599,623]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,241,1433]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 6. Diagnostic characters separating the species of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex. w = week, S = strong. Numbers in parentheses represent numbers of specimens." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/85E06676C104827BFF1EFF56FD34FF52" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" tableUuid="85E06676C104827BFF1EFF56FD34FF52">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99856575C121825DFF4EFDBCFCAAFB1F" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC121825EFF4EFDBCFB8FFA8F" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2006]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC121825EFF4EFDBCFE2DFD15" bold="true" box="[199,485,637,662]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="0E24885CC121825EFEF5FDBCFE2DFD15" box="[380,485,637,661]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.—Adult male SVL
|
||
<quantity id="16679B1BC121825EFD46FDBCFC8EFD15" box="[719,838,637,661]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.182" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="118.2">118.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; head large, moderate in length (HL/SVL 0.28) and wide (HW/HL 0.73), somewhat flattened (HD/HL 0.37), distinct from neck, and triangular in dorsal profile; lores concave anteriorly, inflated posteriorly; frontal and prefrontal regions deeply concave; canthus rostralis sharply rounded anteriorly; snout elongate (ES/HL 0.40), rounded in dorsal profile, laterally constricted; eye large (ED/HL 0.22); ear opening elliptical, moderate in size (EL/HL 0.06), obliquely oriented; eye to ear distance greater than diameter of eye; rostral rectangular, divided dorsally by an inverted Y-shaped furrow, bordered posteriorly by left and right supranasals, and three small medial postrostrals (=internasals), bordered laterally by first supralabials; external nares bordered anteriorly by rostral, dorsally by a large anterior supranasal and small posterior supranasal, posteriorly by two smaller postnasals, ventrally by first supralabial; 11(R,L) rectangular supralabials extending to just beyond upturn of labial margin, tapering abruptly below midpoint of eye; first supralabial largest; 11(R) 10(L) infralabials tapering in size posteriorly; scales of rostrum and lores flat, larger than granular scales on top of head and occiput, those on posterior portion of canthus rostralis slightly larger; scales of occiput and top of head between eyes intermixed with small tubercles; large, boney frontal ridges bordering orbit confluent with boney, V-shaped, transverse, parietal ridge; dorsal superciliaries elongate, smooth, largest anteriorly; mental triangular, bordered laterally by first infralabials and posteriorly by left and right, rectangular postmentals which contact medially for 50% of their length; single row of enlarged, elongate sublabials extending posteriorly to seventh infralabial; small, granular to flat, gular scales grading posteriorly into larger, flat, smooth, imbricate, pectoral and ventral scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC121825EFF4EFADCFDAEF9BB" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2006]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Body relatively short (AG/SVL 0.47) with well-defined, non-tuberculate, ventrolateral folds; dorsal scales small, granular, interspersed with larger, trihedral, regularly arranged, keeled tubercles, smaller intervening tubercles absent; tubercles extend from top of head from between eyes to caudal constriction and onto tail where they occur in transverse rows separated by six or seven small, flat scales; caudal tubercles largest dorsally, absent laterally and ventrally; caudal tubercles decrease in size posteriorly; tubercles on occiput and nape small, those on body largest; approximately 30 longitudinal rows of tubercles at midbody; 45 paravertebral tubercles; 38 flat imbricate ventral scales between ventrolateral body folds, ventral scales larger than dorsal scales; precloacal scales large, smooth; distinct precloacal groove.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC121825DFF4EF986FF09FEEA" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,2006]" lastBlockId="42.[151,1437,151,2005]" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Forelimbs moderate, relatively short (FL/SVL 0.18); scales on dorsal surfaces of forelimbs subimbricate, intermixed with larger tubercles; scales of ventral surface of forearm flat, subimbricate, lacking tubercles; palmar scales rounded; digits well-developed, inflected at basal, interphalangeal joints; subdigital lamellae rectangular proximal to joint inflection, only slightly expanded distal to inflection; digits more narrow distal to joints; claws well-developed, sheathed by a dorsal and ventral scale; hind limbs more robust than forelimbs, moderate in length (TBL/SVL 0.20), larger tubercles on dorsal surface of thigh separated by smaller granular scales, tubercles on dorsal surfaces of foreleg same size as those on thigh; ventral scales of thigh flat, smooth, imbricate, larger than dorsal granular scales; ventral, tibial scales flat, smooth, imbricate; single row of greatly enlarged, flat, rectangular, imbricate, pore-bearing femoral scales extend from knee to knee through precloacal region where they are continuous with enlarged, pore-bearing precloacal scales; 43 contiguous, pore-bearing femoro-precloacal scales forming an inverted T bearing a deep, precloacal groove in which eight pore-bearing scales are found (four on each side of groove); postfemoral scales immediately posterior to pore-bearing scale row smaller, forming an abrupt union with pore-bearing postfemoral scales on posteroventral margin of thigh; plantar scales low, slightly raised; digits well-developed, inflected at basal, interphalangeal joints; subdigital lamellae proximal to joint inflection rectangular, only slightly expanded distal to inflection; digits more narrow distal to joints; claws well-developed, sheathed by a dorsal and ventral scale; 24(R,L) subdigital lamellae on 4th toe.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC122825DFF4EFEB6FEC1FDCA" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Tail
|
||
<quantity id="16679B1BC122825DFF72FEB6FE93FE0F" box="[251,347,375,399]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="146.0">146 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length,
|
||
<quantity id="16679B1BC122825DFE53FEB6FDFBFE0F" box="[474,563,375,399]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="9.8">9.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width at base, tapering to a point; dorsal scales of tail flat, squarish; tail segmented with six or seven transverse scale rows per segment; posterior margin of segments bordered by four larger tubercles dorsally in anterior one-third of tail, fewer posteriorly; subcaudal region bearing large, transverse scales; shallow dorsal and lateral caudal furrows extend entire length of tail; base of tail bearing hemipenial swellings; three small, postcloacal tubercles on hemipenial swellings; postcloacal scales smooth, flat, large, imbricate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC122825DFF4EFD96FB88FC3F" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFF4EFD96FE6FFDF0" bold="true" box="[199,423,599,624]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal ground color of head, body, limbs, and tail dark beige; no white chevron on rostrum; wide, dark brown nuchal band extends from posterior margin of one eye to posterior margin of other eye, edged with prominent thin, cream-colored, lines; three wide, similarly colored dorsal bands between limb insertions with immaculate, white tubercles forming a dotted line edging the bands; first band terminates at shoulders, second band terminates just dorsal to ventrolateral fold midway between limb insertions, third band terminates in groin and on anterior margin of hind limb; body band/interspace ratio of 1.25; one additional dark brown band posterior to hind limbs; no band on posterior margin of thigh; seven wide, dark bands approximately twice the width of seven white bands extend onto tail; all bands encircle tail, no bands on tail or body have lighten centers or encompass yellowish to white tubercles; ventral surfaces of head, limbs, and tail dull white; gular scales stippled; abdomen immaculate, beige; weakly stippled ventral scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC122825DFF4EFC0CFCAAFB1F" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFF4EFC0CFEF3FC65" bold="true" box="[199,315,973,998]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The dorsal color of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="0E24885CC122825DFDEFFC0FFD19FC66" box="[614,721,974,998]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
closely matches that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="0E24885CC122825DFBACFC0CFB4FFC65" box="[1061,1159,973,997]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
although there is some departure in pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="49A42A7BC122825DFE0BFC33FE1DFB8A" box="[386,469,1010,1034]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,918,941]" captionTargetBox="[313,1273,203,895]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[313,1273,203,895]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Type series and additional specimens examined of Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis. Upper row: type series from left to right; holotype ZRC 2.6979, paratypes LSUHC 8089 – 90, ZRC 2.6980, LSUHC 8088, 6637. Lower row: additional specimens examined from type locality from left to right; LSUHC 8087, 9107, 9108, from Genting Highlands from left to right ZRC 2.5396, from Gunung Angsi from left to right ZRC 2.1181, 2.1180." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211864/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). The second and third body bands of LSUHC 6637 are broken just left of the midline and are offset. The second body band in LSUHC 8090 and ZRC 2.6980 is broken laterally with a fragment occurring on the right and left side of the midline respectively. LSUHC 6637 and 8089 have four instead of three body bands LSUHC 8089 has a regenerated tail, and LSUHC 6637 has eight instead of six dark caudal bands. Meristic differences in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="0E24885CC122825DFE4DFB49FE3CFB20" box="[452,500,1160,1184]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series are presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="9C1D0345C122825DFD73FB46FC96FB1F" box="[762,862,1159,1183]" captionStart="TABLE 13" captionStartId="46.[151,239,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 13. Morphological data of type series and additional specimens of Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis from" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Table 13</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99856575C122825DFF4EFB6CFEC8FA8F" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC122825DFF4EFB6CFEC8FA8F" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFF4EFB6CFD9CFB46" bold="true" box="[199,596,1197,1222]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Additional specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
Variation in meristic characters for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="0E24885CC122825DFBB5FB6FFBA4FB46" box="[1084,1132,1198,1222]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series and the additional specimens examined is listed in
|
||
<tableCitation id="9C1D0345C122825DFD83FB13FDB8FB6A" box="[522,624,1234,1258]" captionStart="TABLE 13" captionStartId="46.[151,239,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 13. Morphological data of type series and additional specimens of Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis from" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Table 13</tableCitation>
|
||
. Juveniles have a much bolder and contrasted color pattern than adults (
|
||
<figureCitation id="49A42A7BC122825DFF16FB36FF3BFA8F" box="[159,243,1271,1295]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="44.[151,250,918,941]" captionTargetBox="[313,1273,203,895]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[313,1273,203,895]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 18. Type series and additional specimens examined of Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis. Upper row: type series from left to right; holotype ZRC 2.6979, paratypes LSUHC 8089 – 90, ZRC 2.6980, LSUHC 8088, 6637. Lower row: additional specimens examined from type locality from left to right; LSUHC 8087, 9107, 9108, from Genting Highlands from left to right ZRC 2.5396, from Gunung Angsi from left to right ZRC 2.1181, 2.1180." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211864/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99856575C122825DFF4EFADCFC9EF9DF" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC122825DFF4EFADCFB90FA25" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFF4EFADCFEA8FAB6" bold="true" box="[199,352,1309,1334]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFEE3FADCFCD4FAB5" box="[362,796,1309,1333]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australotitiwangsaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFEE3FADCFCD4FAB5" box="[362,796,1309,1333]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C122825DFCAFFADFFC48FAB5" box="[806,896,1310,1333]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
ranges along the upland areas of the southern portion of the Titiwangsa Mountains from at least Fraser’s Hill, Pahang in the north to Gunung Angsi, Negeri Sembilan in the south. Presumably it ranges farther to the north where it is likely to come in contact with its sister species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFF66FA4FFE71FA25" box="[239,441,1421,1445]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trilatofasciatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFF66FA4FFE71FA25" box="[239,441,1421,1445]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C. trilatofasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C122825DFE49FA4FFDDEFA25" box="[448,534,1422,1445]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and as far south perhaps as Gunung Ledang, Johor.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC122825DFF4EFA72FC9EF9DF" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFF4EFA72FE4DFA4B" bold="true" box="[199,389,1458,1483]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFE04FA72FCF4FA4B" box="[397,828,1459,1483]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australotitiwangsaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFE04FA72FCF4FA4B" box="[397,828,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C122825DFCCAFA72FC53FA4A" box="[835,923,1459,1482]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
occurs in hill dipterocarp and lower montane forests (
|
||
<figureCitation id="49A42A7BC122825DFF78FA16FE8BFA6F" box="[241,323,1495,1519]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1787,1810]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,502,1751]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,502,1753]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 17. Upper: Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis (LSUDPC 6431) from Fraser’s Hill, Pahang, Malaysia. Lower left: Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis (LSUHC 8090) from Fraser’s Hill, Pahang, Malaysia. Lower right: Lower montane forest habitat of C. australotitiwangsaensis at Fraser’s Hill, Pahang, Malaysia. All photos by L. Grismer." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211863/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
) from approximately 1000–1500 meters in elevation. It is a saxicolous lizard that emerges at night to forage among rocks or on nearby vegetation. At Fraser’s Hill and Genting Highlands, Pahang, lizards are quite common along rocky road cuts. This species does not occur in forested areas where rocks are absent. Juveniles from Fraser’s Hill have been collected in June (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B50E4B0FC122825DFD20F986FC82F9DF" author="Grismer" box="[681,842,1607,1631]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Chan, K. O., Grismer, L. L., Shahrul, A., Quah, E., Grismer, L. L., Wood, Jr., P. L., Muin, M. A., Norhayati, A. (2011) A new species of Chiromantis (Peters 1854 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Perlis State Park in extreme northern Peninsular Malaysia with additional herpetofaunal records for the park. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 18, 253 - 259." type="journal article" year="2011">Grismer 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99856575C122825CFF4EF9ACFD71FE35" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC122825DFF4EF9ACFCAEF950" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFF4EF9ACFE86F905" bold="true" box="[199,334,1645,1669]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet adjective
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFD35F9ACFC0EF905" box="[700,966,1645,1669]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australotitiwangsaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFD35F9ACFC0EF905" box="[700,966,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">australotitiwangsaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is derived from the combination of the Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFF51F952FEF2F92B" box="[216,314,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">australis</emphasis>
|
||
meaning southern and the name of the mountain range, Titiwangsa, in which this species is endemic and refers to its occurrence in the southern portion of this range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC122825DFF4EF91CFA54F855" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,2005]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFF4EF91CFEB8F976" bold="true" box="[199,368,1757,1782]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFEF2F91CFCFFF975" box="[379,823,1757,1781]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australotitiwangsaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFEF2F91CFCFFF975" box="[379,823,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C122825DFCC8F91FFC56F975" box="[833,926,1758,1781]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFBF6F91FFAB3F975" box="[1151,1403,1757,1781]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFBF6F91FFAB3F975" box="[1151,1403,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C. macrotuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in lacking large tubercles on the dorsal surface of the head, body and limbs, on the underside of the forearms, in the gular region, and in the ventrolateral body fold, and in having 32–40 ventral scales vs. 17–28. It is separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFF5EF88FFE80F8E5" box="[215,328,1870,1893]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astrum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFF5EF88FFE80F8E5" box="[215,328,1870,1893]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C. astrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C122825DFED8F88FFE61F8E5" box="[337,425,1870,1893]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFE33F88FFDB7F8E5" box="[442,639,1869,1893]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="langkawiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFE33F88FFDB7F8E5" box="[442,639,1869,1893]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C. langkawiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C122825DFD0EF88FFD29F8E5" box="[647,737,1870,1893]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFD79F88FFCA7F8E5" box="[752,879,1869,1893]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lekaguli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFD79F88FFCA7F8E5" box="[752,879,1869,1893]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C. lekaguli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C122825DFCFEF88FFC19F8E5" box="[887,977,1870,1893]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFB9BF88FFB62F8E5" box="[1042,1194,1869,1893]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFB9BF88FFB62F8E5" box="[1042,1194,1869,1893]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C. pulchellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having more than 38 femoro-precloacal pores (it overlaps with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFD16F8B2FCFFF80B" box="[671,823,1907,1931]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFD16F8B2FCFFF80B" box="[671,823,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C. pulchellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by one pore at 39). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFB45F8B2FA54F80B" box="[1228,1436,1907,1931]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trilatofasciatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFB45F8B2FA54F80B" box="[1228,1436,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C. trilatofasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C122825DFF1EF858FF38F830" box="[151,240,1945,1968]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
with a body band/interspace ratio of 1.00–2.00 (three specimens [LSUHC 9107–08, ZRC 2.5396] out of 13 had a ratio of 2.00) vs. 2.00–2.75.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC122825DFDCAF87CFC33F855" box="[579,1019,1981,2005]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australotitiwangsaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFDCAF87CFC33F855" box="[579,1019,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C122825DFB8BF87FFB93F855" box="[1026,1115,1982,2005]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is further separated from
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC122825DFA0BF87FFA54F855" box="[1410,1436,1982,2005]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC123825CFF1EFF58FD71FE35" blockId="43.[151,1436,151,437]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFF1EFF58FF2EFF30" box="[151,230,153,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astrum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFF1EFF58FF2EFF30" box="[151,230,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">astrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFF64FF59FE8CFF30" box="[237,324,152,176]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in lacking a scattered dorsal pattern of white tubercles. Having hatchlings and juveniles that lack white tail tips separate it from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFE7DFF7FFDACFF55" box="[500,612,190,213]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astrum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFE7DFF7FFDACFF55" box="[500,612,190,213]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. astrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFDE5FF7FFD0BFF55" box="[620,707,190,213]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFD5BFF7FFC87FF55" box="[722,847,189,213]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lekaguli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFD5BFF7FFC87FF55" box="[722,847,189,213]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. lekaguli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFCDFFF7FFC79FF55" box="[854,945,190,213]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFC65FF7FFB67FF55" box="[1004,1199,189,213]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="langkawiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFC65FF7FFB67FF55" box="[1004,1199,189,213]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. langkawiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFB3EFF7FFAC6FF55" box="[1207,1294,190,213]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Having less than nine dark caudal bands differentiates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFD15FF22FC1BFF7B" box="[668,979,227,251]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australotitiwangsaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFD15FF22FC1BFF7B" box="[668,979,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. australotitiwangsaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFC69FF22FBF6FF7A" box="[992,1086,227,250]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFB07FF22FACCFF7B" box="[1166,1284,227,251]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astrum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFB07FF22FACCFF7B" box="[1166,1284,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. astrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFA98FF22FAA4FF7B" box="[1297,1388,227,251]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFA08FF22FEF1FEA0" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="langkawiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFA08FF22FEF1FEA0" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. langkawiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFEC9FEC9FE51FE9F" box="[320,409,264,287]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFE51FEC9FD9FFEA0" box="[472,599,264,288]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lekaguli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFE51FEC9FD9FFEA0" box="[472,599,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. lekaguli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFDD4FEC9FD7DFEA0" box="[605,693,264,288]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
It is further separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFC70FEC9FBA2FEA0" box="[1017,1130,264,288]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astrum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFC70FEC9FBA2FEA0" box="[1017,1130,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. astrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFBF8FEC9FB01FEA0" box="[1137,1225,264,288]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFB51FEC9FA54FEA0" box="[1240,1436,264,288]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="langkawiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFB51FEC9FA54FEA0" box="[1240,1436,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. langkawiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFF1EFEEFFF39FEC5" box="[151,241,302,325]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFE89FEEFFE48FEC5" box="[256,384,301,325]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lekaguli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFE89FEEFFE48FEC5" box="[256,384,301,325]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. lekaguli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFE01FEEFFE2DFEC5" box="[392,485,302,325]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFDADFEEFFCD5FEC5" box="[548,797,301,325]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFDADFEEFFCD5FEC5" box="[548,797,301,325]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. macrotuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having immaculate white caudal bands as adults as opposed to white bands that are infused with dark pigment. Its large size (maximum SVL
|
||
<quantity id="16679B1BC123825CFB11FE93FAC5FEEA" box="[1176,1293,338,362]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.201" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="120.1">120.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
) separates it from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFF51FEB9FE83FE10" box="[216,331,376,400]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="astrum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFF51FEB9FE83FE10" box="[216,331,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. astrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFEDCFEB9FE67FE10" box="[341,431,376,400]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFE49FEB9FDB6FE10" box="[448,638,376,400]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bintangtinggi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFE49FEB9FDB6FE10" box="[448,638,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. bintangtinggi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFD01FEB9FD2CFE0F" box="[648,740,376,399]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFD7DFEB9FC72FE10" box="[756,954,376,400]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="langkawiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFD7DFEB9FC72FE10" box="[756,954,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. langkawiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFC4DFEB9FBD7FE0F" box="[964,1055,376,399]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFBEBFEB9FB2BFE10" box="[1122,1251,376,400]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lekaguli" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFBEBFEB9FB2BFE10" box="[1122,1251,376,400]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. lekaguli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F8D85797C123825CFB65FEB9FA80FE0F" box="[1260,1352,376,399]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in that these species do not reach over
|
||
<quantity id="16679B1BC123825CFD8BFE5CFDBCFE35" box="[514,628,413,437]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.111" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="111.1">111.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="85E06676C123825CFF1EF93AFB74F8CF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211863/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" targetBox="[151,1434,502,1751]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC123825CFF1EF93AFB74F8CF" blockId="43.[151,1437,1787,1871]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFF1EF93AFED7F891" bold="true" box="[151,287,1787,1810]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
|
||
Upper:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFEF9F93DFD3DF892" box="[368,757,1788,1810]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australotitiwangsaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFEF9F93DFD3DF892" box="[368,757,1788,1810]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(LSUDPC 6431) from Fraser’s Hill, Pahang, Malaysia. Lower left:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFF1EF8DBFDD7F8B0" box="[151,543,1818,1840]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australotitiwangsaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFF1EF8DBFDD7F8B0" box="[151,543,1818,1840]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(LSUHC 8090) from Fraser’s Hill, Pahang, Malaysia. Lower right: Lower montane forest habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC123825CFEB4F8FBFD84F8CF" box="[317,588,1849,1871]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australotitiwangsaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC123825CFEB4F8FBFD84F8CF" box="[317,588,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. australotitiwangsaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Fraser’s Hill, Pahang, Malaysia. All photos by L. Grismer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="85E06676C124825BFF1EFC57FCBFFB88" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211864/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" targetBox="[313,1273,203,895]" targetPageId="44">
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC124825BFF1EFC57FCBFFB88" blockId="44.[151,1436,918,1032]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC124825BFF1EFC57FED7FC2B" bold="true" box="[151,287,918,941]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
|
||
Type series and additional specimens examined of
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC124825BFCAFFC57FB7AFC2C" box="[806,1202,918,940]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC124825BFCAFFC57FB66FC2C" box="[806,1198,918,940]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australotitiwangsaensis">Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Upper row: type series from left to right; holotype ZRC 2.6979, paratypes LSUHC 8089–90, ZRC 2.6980, LSUHC 8088, 6637. Lower row: additional specimens examined from type locality from left to right; LSUHC 8087, 9107, 9108, from Genting Highlands from left to right ZRC 2.5396, from Gunung Angsi from left to right ZRC 2.1181, 2.1180.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99856575C124825BFF1EFB98FF2EFB37" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC124825BFF1EFB98FDDDFB13" blockId="44.[151,875,1113,1207]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC124825BFF1EFB98FE87FB13" authority="Grismer & Norhayati 2008 Large Tubercled" authorityName="Grismer & Norhayati 2008 Large Tubercled" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC124825BFF1EFB98FDE0FBF3" bold="true" box="[151,552,1113,1139]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B50E4B0FC124825BFDA6FB98FCA3FBF3" author="Grismer" box="[559,875,1113,1139]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Grismer L. L. & Norhayati, A. (2008) A new insular species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Langkawi Archipelago, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa, 1924, 53 - 68." type="journal article" year="2008">Grismer & Norhayati 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
Large Tubercled
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bent-toed Gecko
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC124825BFF1EFB5EFF2EFB37" blockId="44.[151,875,1113,1207]" box="[151,230,1183,1207]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<figureCitation id="49A42A7BC124825BFF1EFB5EFF2EFB37" box="[151,230,1183,1207]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1402,1425]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,334,1380]" captionTargetId="figure@45.[151,1436,334,1381]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 19. Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus. Upper left: LSUDPC 1461; subadult male from Gunung Machinchang, Pulau Langkawi (photo by L. Grismer). Upper right: LSUHC 9673; adult female from Hutan Lipur Sungai Pachat at the base of Gunung Jerai, Kedah, Malaysia (photo by L. Grismer). Middle left: LSUHC 9432; adult female from Gunung Raya, Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia (photo by L. Grismer). Middle right: LSUDPC 6322; adult male from Songkhla, Thailand (photo by M. Sumontha). Lower left: LSUDPC 6323; hatchling from Ulu Muda, Kedah, Malaysia (photo by E. Quah). Lower right: LSUDPC 6324; adult male from La-ngu District, Satun Province, Thailand (photo by M. Sumontha)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211865/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99856575C124825BFF1EFB26FE27F995" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC124825BFF1EFB26FE27F995" blockId="44.[151,1437,1255,2008]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC124825BFF1EFB26FEC2FA80" bold="true" box="[151,266,1255,1280]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.—Adult males reaching
|
||
<quantity id="16679B1BC124825BFDA6FB26FD6CFB7F" box="[559,676,1255,1279]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.186" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="118.6">118.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL, adult females reaching
|
||
<quantity id="16679B1BC124825BFB8CFB26FBB2FB7F" box="[1029,1146,1255,1279]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.134" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="113.4">113.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
SVL; 9–12 supralabials, 7–11 infralabials; tubercles of dorsum very large with no intervening smaller tubercles; tubercles on ventral surfaces of forelimbs, in gular region, and in ventrolateral body fold; 31–44 paravertebral tubercles; 19–27 longitudinal rows of dorsal tubercles; 17–28 rows of ventral scales; 20–24 subdigital lamellae on fourth toe; 28–40 femoro-precloacal pores in males; dorsum not bearing a scattered pattern of white tubercles; four body bands in adults lacking lightened centers and light colored tubercles; band to interspace ratio 1.00–1.50; 7–10 dark, caudal bands on original tail; white caudal bands in adults infused with dark pigment; and posterior portion of tail in hatchlings and juveniles banded not white. These characters are scored across all species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC124825BFB76FA1BFEC2F995" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC124825BFB76FA1BFEC2F995" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Cyrtodactylus pulchellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex in
|
||
<tableCitation id="9C1D0345C124825BFE1CFA3CFE23F995" box="[405,491,1533,1557]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,241,1433]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 6. Diagnostic characters separating the species of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex. w = week, S = strong. Numbers in parentheses represent numbers of specimens." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/85E06676C104827BFF1EFF56FD34FF52" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" tableUuid="85E06676C104827BFF1EFF56FD34FF52">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="99856575C124825AFF4EF9E1FB62FE97" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D12036FEC124825AFF4EF9E1FB62FE97" blockId="44.[151,1437,1255,2008]" lastBlockId="45.[151,1436,151,279]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC124825BFF4EF9E1FEF3F9B7" bold="true" box="[199,315,1568,1592]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC124825BFECAF9E1FD72F9B8" box="[323,698,1568,1592]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC124825BFECAF9E1FD72F9B8" box="[323,698,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was sampled from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="0E24885CC124825BFC4AF9E1FC3BF9B8" box="[963,1011,1568,1592]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality on Langkawi Island and five additional peninsular localities including Perlis State Park and Bukit Chabang, Perlis; and Gunung Jerai (including Hutan Lipur Sungai Tupah), Kedah (
|
||
<figureCitation id="49A42A7BC124825BFDB7F9A4FD4DF9FD" box="[574,645,1637,1661]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,248,1555,1578]" captionTargetBox="[294,1295,326,1541]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[294,1296,325,1541]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution of the species of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex. Closed circles represent localities from which specimens have been examined genetically and / or morphologically (see appendix and Table 1). Closed squares are localities from which specimens have been only examined morphologically or photographically (see appendix). Closed stars represent the type localities from where specimens have been examined genetically, morphologically and photographically. 1. Suwankuha Cave, Muang District, Phang-nga Province, Thailand. 2. Petch Phanomwung Cave, Kanchanadit District, Surat Thani Province, Thailand. 3. Phuket Island 4. Khao Chong waterfall, Khao Chamao, Khaochong District, Trang Province, Thailand. 5. Phattalung Province, Thailand. 6. Rattabhumi District, Songkhla, Thailand. 7. La-ngu District, Satun Province, Thailand (three squares). 8. Gua Wang Burma, Perlis State Park, Perlis, Malaysia (two circles). 9. Wang Kelian, Perlis, Malaysia. 10. Adang Island, Satun Province, Thailand. 11. Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia (two stars). 12. Gua Kelam and Bukit Chabang, Malaysia (two circles). 13. Kuala Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia. 14. Chuping, Perlis, Malaysia. 15. Bukit Wang, Kedah, Malaysia. 16. Ulu Muda, Kedah, Malaysia. 17. Gunung Jerai and Hutan Lipur Sungai Tupah, Kedah, Malaysia (two circles). 18. Bukit Palong, Perak, Malaysia. 19. Ulu Paip, Kedah, Malaysia. 20. Bukit Mertajam, Penang, Malaysia. 21. Pulau Pinang, Penang, Malaysia. 22. Lengong Valley, Perak, Malaysia. 23. Bukit Panchor, Penang, Malaysia. 24. Bukit Larut, Perak, Malaysia. 25. Bukit Pondok, Perak, Malaysia. 26. Ringlet, Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia. 27. Gunung Bubu, Perak, Malaysia. 28. Fraser’s Hill, Pahang, Malaysia. 29. Genting Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia. 30. Gunung Angsi, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. P = Tham Phung Chang Cave, Phang-nga City, Muang District, Phang-nga Province, Thailand. U = Nakon Si Thammarat Province; specific locality unknown." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/211849/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although the Langkawi population is monophyletic (exclusive), its overall sequence divergence from the remaining populations is relatively modest (2.2–5.9%) and it is not morphologically diagnosable from them (
|
||
<tableCitation id="9C1D0345C124825BFDE5F96BFCC2F942" box="[620,778,1706,1730]" captionStart-0="TABLE 14" captionStart-1="TABLE 15" captionStart-2="TABLE 16" captionStartId-0="47.[151,239,151,175]" captionStartId-1="48.[151,239,511,535]" captionStartId-2="50.[151,239,632,656]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,240,1281]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,635,1524]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,762,1988]" captionTargetPageId-0="47" captionTargetPageId-1="48" captionTargetPageId-2="50" captionText-0="TABLE 14. Morphological data of Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus from Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia. m = male; f = female; SVL = snout-vent length." captionText-1="TABLE 15. Morphological data of Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus from Perlis State, Malaysia. m = male; f = female; SP = state park; SVL = snout-vent length." captionText-2="TABLE 16. Morphological data of Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus from Kedah State, Malaysia and Thailand." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/85E06676C1278258FF1EFF56FDC0FF52" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/85E06676C1388247FF1EFE3EFDF3FDB7" httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/85E06676C13A8245FF1EFDB9FA54FD10" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" tableUuid-0="85E06676C1278258FF1EFF56FDC0FF52" tableUuid-1="85E06676C1388247FF1EFE3EFDF3FDB7" tableUuid-2="85E06676C13A8245FF1EFDB9FA54FD10">Tables 14–16</tableCitation>
|
||
). Although all four populations form a strongly supported monophyletic group, the relationships between them remain unresolved as indicated by the low support values from all three analyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="49A42A7BC124825BFE32F92EFDC9F887" box="[443,513,1775,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1921,1944]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Inferred phylogenetic relationships of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex based on 1497 bp of mitochondrial ND 2 gene. The tree is a Maximum likelihood topology (lnL - 17497.532298) with Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP), Maximum Likelihood bootstrap support values (ML), and Maximum Parsimony bootstrap support values (MP) respectively at the nodes." pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Therefore at this point, we refrain from considering them different species. Additionally, the relationships between the peninsular populations was somewhat inconsistent with their pattern of distribution given that a Gunung Jerai specimen (LSUHC 9693) grouped with samples from Bukit Chabang, precluding exclusivity (reciprocal monophyly) between these lineages as well as the polytomus relationships of the three major
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC124825BFEA9F8BAFDDBF812" box="[288,531,1914,1938]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC124825BFEA9F8BAFDDBF812" box="[288,531,1914,1938]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C. macrotuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineages (
|
||
<figureCitation id="49A42A7BC124825BFD0EF8BBFD01F812" box="[647,713,1914,1938]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1921,1944]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Inferred phylogenetic relationships of the Cyrtodactylus pulchellus complex based on 1497 bp of mitochondrial ND 2 gene. The tree is a Maximum likelihood topology (lnL - 17497.532298) with Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP), Maximum Likelihood bootstrap support values (ML), and Maximum Parsimony bootstrap support values (MP) respectively at the nodes." pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). We consider the failure of haplotypes from a given locality to cluster together as evidence for potential gene flow between these localities. Lastly, these two groups are not morphologically diagnosable from one another (
|
||
<tableCitation id="9C1D0345C124825BFD51F87EFCB0F857" box="[728,888,1983,2007]" captionStart-0="TABLE 14" captionStart-1="TABLE 15" captionStart-2="TABLE 16" captionStartId-0="47.[151,239,151,175]" captionStartId-1="48.[151,239,511,535]" captionStartId-2="50.[151,239,632,656]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,240,1281]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,635,1524]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,762,1988]" captionTargetPageId-0="47" captionTargetPageId-1="48" captionTargetPageId-2="50" captionText-0="TABLE 14. Morphological data of Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus from Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia. m = male; f = female; SVL = snout-vent length." captionText-1="TABLE 15. Morphological data of Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus from Perlis State, Malaysia. m = male; f = female; SP = state park; SVL = snout-vent length." captionText-2="TABLE 16. Morphological data of Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus from Kedah State, Malaysia and Thailand." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/85E06676C1278258FF1EFF56FDC0FF52" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/85E06676C1388247FF1EFE3EFDF3FDB7" httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/85E06676C13A8245FF1EFDB9FA54FD10" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" tableUuid-0="85E06676C1278258FF1EFF56FDC0FF52" tableUuid-1="85E06676C1388247FF1EFE3EFDF3FDB7" tableUuid-2="85E06676C13A8245FF1EFDB9FA54FD10">Tables 14–16</tableCitation>
|
||
) and we know of geographically intervening populations that we were unable to sample and suspect that gene flow here is highly likely. As such, we leave the taxonomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="169F4D7DC125825AFEBDFF7AFDE2FF53" box="[308,554,187,211]" class="Reptilia" family="Gekkonidae" genus="Cyrtodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrotuberculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3EBEAECC125825AFEBDFF7AFDE2FF53" box="[308,554,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. macrotuberculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
unchanged. With tissue samples and specimens from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A988766EC125825AFB5DFF7BFAC0FF52" box="[1236,1288,186,210]" name="Thailand" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Thai</collectingCountry>
|
||
populations, additional taxonomic interpretations may be necessary even though at this point, the few samples of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A988766EC125825AFAE0FF1CFA54FF75" box="[1385,1436,221,245]" name="Thailand" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Thai</collectingCountry>
|
||
populations (
|
||
<tableCitation id="9C1D0345C125825AFEA1FF3EFE08FE97" box="[296,448,255,279]" captionStart-0="TABLE 14" captionStart-1="TABLE 15" captionStart-2="TABLE 16" captionStartId-0="47.[151,239,151,175]" captionStartId-1="48.[151,239,511,535]" captionStartId-2="50.[151,239,632,656]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,240,1281]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,635,1524]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,762,1988]" captionTargetPageId-0="47" captionTargetPageId-1="48" captionTargetPageId-2="50" captionText-0="TABLE 14. Morphological data of Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus from Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia. m = male; f = female; SVL = snout-vent length." captionText-1="TABLE 15. Morphological data of Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus from Perlis State, Malaysia. m = male; f = female; SP = state park; SVL = snout-vent length." captionText-2="TABLE 16. Morphological data of Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus from Kedah State, Malaysia and Thailand." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/85E06676C1278258FF1EFF56FDC0FF52" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/85E06676C1388247FF1EFE3EFDF3FDB7" httpUri-2="http://table.plazi.org/id/85E06676C13A8245FF1EFDB9FA54FD10" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" tableUuid-0="85E06676C1278258FF1EFF56FDC0FF52" tableUuid-1="85E06676C1388247FF1EFE3EFDF3FDB7" tableUuid-2="85E06676C13A8245FF1EFDB9FA54FD10">Tables 14–16</tableCitation>
|
||
) are not morphologically distinct from the Malaysian populations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |