405 lines
43 KiB
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405 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057" ID-PMC="PMC6031701" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-101-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFDEFFE96861FF9F4264FFEFA61CC145" ID-PubMed="29997443" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1305467" ModsDocID="1314-2003-101-1" checkinTime="1530177857167" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pellegrini, Marco O. O." docDate="2018" docId="2E5C341377C293C84E5D30CA4009B7C6" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 101: 1-97" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 101" docPubDate="2018-06-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057" docTitle="Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFDEFFE96861FF9F4264FFEFA61CC145" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FFDEFFE96861FF9F4264FFEFA61CC145" masterDocTitle="Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1668138924118" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pellegrini, Marco O. O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Botanica, Rua do Matao 277, CEP 05508 - 900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-06-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>101</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>97</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-101-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFDEFFE96861FF9F4264FFEFA61CC145</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1305467</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225023" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E5C341377C293C84E5D30CA4009B7C6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E5C341377C293C84E5D30CA4009B7C6" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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8.
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77185916-1" authority="M. Pell." authorityName="M. Pell." authorityYear="2018" class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia hertweckii" order="Commelinales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hertweckii" status="sp. nov.">Tradescantia hertweckii M.Pell.</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="28" pageNumber="29">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. A habit B detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins C hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath D-E leaves D detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum E detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum F-G flowers F front view of a flower G oblique view of a flower H sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels I petal J-K androecium J stamen K detail of the anther L-M gynoecium L pistil M detail of the stigma N open mature capsule O seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Line drawings by M. A. Rezende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 22</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution of Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. Orange- Cerrado; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211916" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">, 23</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="29" pageNumber="30" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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Similar to
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<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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due to its indefinite base, stems prostrate with ascending apex, involute ptyxis, leaf-blades with conspicuous secondary veins, saccate cincinni bracts, ovoid floral buds, keeled sepals, pistil the same length as the stamens and seeds with costate testa. It can be differentiated by its sessile leaves, blades hispid, margins ciliate, but setose at base, sepals setose along the keel, petals flat and hilum longer than
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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the length of the seed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-12-18" collectorName="M. G. Bovini" country="BRAZIL" elevation="222" location="Pico do Coriscao" municipality="Paraty" specimenCount="222" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Brazil">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality>Paraty</collectingMunicipality>
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, estrada para o
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E5C341377C293C84E5D30CA4009B7C6:37E868C507C2BC22011277041440EFD0" country="BRAZIL" municipality="Paraty" name="Pico do Coriscao" stateProvince="Rio de Janeiro">
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Pico do
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Coriscão">Coriscao</normalizedToken>
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</location>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="próximo">proximo</normalizedToken>
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a um rio,
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<specimenCount type="generic">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" unit="m" value="222.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" unit="m" value="222.0">222 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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s.m., 23°14'99"S, 44°47'68"W, fl., fr.,
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<collectingDate value="2007-12-18">18 Dec 2007</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName>M.G. Bovini</collectorName>
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et al. 2694 (
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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: RB barcode RB00537845!; isotypes to be distributed to: R!, SPF!,
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</materialsCitation>
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<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
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!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Herbs</emphasis>
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ca. 30-60 cm tall, with an indefinite base, terrestrial.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Stems</emphasis>
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prostrate with ascending apex, delicate to slightly succulent, branched to densely branched; internodes 1.8-4.5 cm long at base, distally shorter, medium to dark green, glabrous, with a leaf-opposed dense longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, brown to light brown hairs.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Leaves</emphasis>
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distichously-alternate, sessile; ptyxis involute; sheaths 4.1-7.6 mm long, medium green, glabrous, with a dense setose line of uniseriate hairs opposed to the blade, margin densely setose, hairs light to medium brown; blades 6.4-13.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.9-3.8 cm, lanceolate to elliptic to linear oblong, flat, membranous, adaxially sparsely hispid to hispid, abaxially hispid, adaxially dark to medium green, abaxially light to medium green, turning olive-green or medium brown when dry, base rounded to cordate, margins green, ciliate, setose at base, flat, apex acuminate; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins conspicuous, adaxially impressed, abaxially inconspicuous, becoming more evident on both sides when dry.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Synflorescences</emphasis>
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terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Inflorescences (main florescences)</emphasis>
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consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 1.9-3.8 cm long, medium to dark green, glabrous, with a dense longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, light to medium brown hairs; cincinni bracts 3.8-7.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1-2.6 cm, unequal to strongly unequal to each other, lanceolate to ovate, leaf-like, adaxially sparsely hispid to hispid, abaxially hispid, adaxially dark to medium green, abaxially light to medium green, base cordate to obtuse, saccate, margin ciliate, setose at base, flat, apex acuminate; double-cincinni 6-12-flowered.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Flowers</emphasis>
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1.2-1.5 cm diam., pedicels 0.5-1.3 cm long, medium to dark green, distally sparsely glandular-pubescent, hairs hyaline; floral buds ovoid; sepals 4.6-6.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3-4.8 mm, dorsally keeled, medium green, setose along the keel, hairs hyaline; petals 5.9-7.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3-4.3 mm, flat, white; filaments 4.9-5.8 mm long, anthers 0.4-0.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.6-0.9 mm; ovary 1.3-1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.1-1.3 cm, style 4-5.1 mm long; pistil the same length as the stamens.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Capsules</emphasis>
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4.2-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3.4-4.3 cm.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Seeds</emphasis>
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1.5-1.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.2-1.4 mm, testa light to medium grey, not cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum longer than
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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the length of the seed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia hertweckii" order="Commelinales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hertweckii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Tradescantia hertweckii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is endemic to Brazil, more precisely to the state of Rio de Janeiro, municipality of Paraty; in the Atlantic Forest domains (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution of Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. Orange- Cerrado; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211916" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">23</figureCitation>
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). It can be found growing as a terrestrial, understorey in shaded and moist forests, near river margins.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">It was found in bloom and fruit in December, during the rainy season.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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This species is named after Dr. Kate Hertweck, dear colleague and specialist in subtribe
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rohweder" authorityYear="1956" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Tradescantiinae">Tradescantiinae</taxonomicName>
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, in appreciation for her contributions to the systematics and evolution of Monocots and
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<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="family">Commelinaceae</taxonomicName>
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, especially regarding the evolution of
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia" order="Commelinales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Tradescantia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia hertweckii" order="Commelinales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hertweckii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Tradescantia hertweckii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known solely from the type collection and, following the IUCN recommendations (
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<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" refId="B25" refString="IUCN, 2001. The IUCN red list of threatened species, version 2010.4. IUCN Red List Unit, Cambridge. http://www.iucnredlist.org/" title="The IUCN red list of threatened species, version 2010.4. IUCN Red List Unit, Cambridge." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/" year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
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), it should be considered Data Deficient (DD), until further collections and information becomes available.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia hertweckii" order="Commelinales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hertweckii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Tradescantia hertweckii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was considered by me a doubtful specimen related to
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<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and, for this reason, not included in my Master thesis in the initial account for
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<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. (Austrotradescantia) subsp. subg." order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Austrotradescantia">T. subg. Austrotradescantia</taxonomicName>
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(at the time
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<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. subsp. sect." order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="section" section="Austrotradescantia">T. sect. Austrotradescantia</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Pellegrini, MOO" journalOrPublisher="Flora" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refId="B35" refString="Pellegrini, MOO, 2015. Filogenia e revisao taxonomica de Tradescantia L. sect. Austrotradescantia D.R.Hunt (Commelinaceae). MSc thesis, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil." title="Filogenia e revisao taxonomica de Tradescantia L. sect. Austrotradescantia D. R. Hunt (Commelinaceae). MSc thesis, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil." year="2015">Pellegrini 2015</bibRefCitation>
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). It was thought by me to putatively represent a natural hybrid between
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<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but it differed greatly from the other putative hybrids. Added to that, the inflorescence morphology of
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<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. hertweckii" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="hertweckii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. hertweckii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is very similar to the one of
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<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and does not show the very peculiar inflorescence of
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<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Inflorescence architecture in Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia A malformed main florescence of T. cymbispatha, showing the subopposite cincinni B detail of the synflorescence of T. crassula, showing an axillary inflorescence composed of solitary cincinnus and a terminal with the typical double-cincinni with non-saccate cincinni bracts C-D inflorescence in T. decora C inflorescence composed of 4 - cincinni, showing the spathaceous and supernumerary bracts D synflorescence, showing main florescences and coflorescences ranging from regular double-cincinni to 3 - 5 - cincinni E front view of the main florescence of T. fluminensis, showing the saccate cincinni bracts F dorsal view of the main florescence of T. mundula, showing the saccate cincinni bracts G main florescence of T. seubertiana, showing the unequal and non-saccate cincinni bracts H main florescence of T. tenella, showing the strongly unequal cincinni bracts I inflorescence of T. umbraculifera, showing the main florescence and a coflorescence emerging from the same leaf axil. All photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini, except C-D by H. M. Buenecker." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211898" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">5I</figureCitation>
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). Finally,
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<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not known to occur in the same locality as
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. hertweckii" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="hertweckii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. hertweckii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the only other species in the subgenus known to occur in Paraty being
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For these reasons, I have decided to recognise
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. hertweckii" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="hertweckii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. hertweckii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a new species, instead of a natural hybrid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia hertweckii" order="Commelinales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hertweckii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Tradescantia hertweckii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only species from
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. (Austrotradescantia) subsp. subg." order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Austrotradescantia">T. subg. Austrotradescantia</taxonomicName>
|
||
not included by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" author="Pellegrini, MOO" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="11 - 72" refId="B37" refString="Pellegrini, MOO, 2017. Morphological phylogeny of Tradescantia L. (Commelinaceae) sheds light on a new infrageneric classification for the genus and novelties on the systematics of subtribe Tradescantiinae. PhytoKeys 89: 11 - 72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" title="Morphological phylogeny of Tradescantia L. (Commelinaceae) sheds light on a new infrageneric classification for the genus and novelties on the systematics of subtribe Tradescantiinae." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.89.20388" volume="89" year="2017">Pellegrini (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in his morphological phylogeny for the genus. However, it is a member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, due to its indefinite base, stems prostrate with ascending apex, involute ptyxis, leaf-blades with conspicuous secondary veins (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. A habit B detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins C hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath D-E leaves D detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum E detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum F-G flowers F front view of a flower G oblique view of a flower H sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels I petal J-K androecium J stamen K detail of the anther L-M gynoecium L pistil M detail of the stigma N open mature capsule O seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Line drawings by M. A. Rezende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">22A</figureCitation>
|
||
), saccate cincinni bracts (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. A habit B detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins C hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath D-E leaves D detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum E detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum F-G flowers F front view of a flower G oblique view of a flower H sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels I petal J-K androecium J stamen K detail of the anther L-M gynoecium L pistil M detail of the stigma N open mature capsule O seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Line drawings by M. A. Rezende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">22A</figureCitation>
|
||
), pistil the same length as the stamens Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. A habit B detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins C hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath D-E leaves D detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum E detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum F-G flowers F front view of a flower G oblique view of a flower H sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels I petal J-K androecium J stamen K detail of the anther L-M gynoecium L pistil M detail of the stigma N open mature capsule O seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Line drawings by M. A. Rezende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">22G</figureCitation>
|
||
) and seeds with costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Fruit and seed morphology in Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia. A mature and dehisced capsule of T. cerinthoides B dorsal and ventral views of the seed of T. crassula, showing the costate testa cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed C dorsal and ventral views of the seed of T. hertweckii, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum equal to 1 / 2 the length of the seed D dorsal and ventral views of the seed of T. atlantica, showing the rugose testa not cleft towards the embryotega and hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211900" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">7C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. A habit B detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins C hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath D-E leaves D detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum E detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum F-G flowers F front view of a flower G oblique view of a flower H sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels I petal J-K androecium J stamen K detail of the anther L-M gynoecium L pistil M detail of the stigma N open mature capsule O seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Line drawings by M. A. Rezende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">22O</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia hertweckii" order="Commelinales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hertweckii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Tradescantia hertweckii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="30" pageNumber="31" start="start">is</pageBreakToken>
|
||
morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to its robust habit, sessile leaves, acuminate to caudate leaf-blades (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. A habit B detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins C hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath D-E leaves D detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum E detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum F-G flowers F front view of a flower G oblique view of a flower H sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels I petal J-K androecium J stamen K detail of the anther L-M gynoecium L pistil M detail of the stigma N open mature capsule O seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Line drawings by M. A. Rezende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">22A</figureCitation>
|
||
) and hilum longer than
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
the length of the seed (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Fruit and seed morphology in Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia. A mature and dehisced capsule of T. cerinthoides B dorsal and ventral views of the seed of T. crassula, showing the costate testa cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed C dorsal and ventral views of the seed of T. hertweckii, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum equal to 1 / 2 the length of the seed D dorsal and ventral views of the seed of T. atlantica, showing the rugose testa not cleft towards the embryotega and hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Photos by M. O. O. Pellegrini." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211900" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">7C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. A habit B detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins C hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath D-E leaves D detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum E detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum F-G flowers F front view of a flower G oblique view of a flower H sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels I petal J-K androecium J stamen K detail of the anther L-M gynoecium L pistil M detail of the stigma N open mature capsule O seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Line drawings by M. A. Rezende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">22O</figureCitation>
|
||
). Nonetheless, it can be easily differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its membranous to slightly fleshy leaf-blades covered by hispid indumentum (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
chartaceous and glabrous or pilose in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. umbraculifera" order="Liliales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="umbraculifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. umbraculifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), 1 inflorescence per leaf axil (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
1-4), cincinni bracts leaf-like and unequal to strongly unequal (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
spathaceous and equal), pedicels green at pre-anthesis and anthesis (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
white) and pistil as long as the stamens (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
longer than the stamens). On the other hand,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. hertweckii" order="Liliales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="hertweckii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. hertweckii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be more easily confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">s.s.</emphasis>
|
||
, due to its glabrous stems (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. A habit B detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins C hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath D-E leaves D detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum E detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum F-G flowers F front view of a flower G oblique view of a flower H sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels I petal J-K androecium J stamen K detail of the anther L-M gynoecium L pistil M detail of the stigma N open mature capsule O seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Line drawings by M. A. Rezende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">22A</figureCitation>
|
||
), membranous to slightly fleshy leaf-blades, 1 inflorescence per leaf axil, leaf-like cincinni
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="31" pageNumber="32" start="start">bracts</pageBreakToken>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. A habit B detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins C hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath D-E leaves D detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum E detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum F-G flowers F front view of a flower G oblique view of a flower H sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels I petal J-K androecium J stamen K detail of the anther L-M gynoecium L pistil M detail of the stigma N open mature capsule O seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Line drawings by M. A. Rezende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">22A</figureCitation>
|
||
), sepals with eglandular hairs restricted to the keels (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. A habit B detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins C hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath D-E leaves D detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum E detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum F-G flowers F front view of a flower G oblique view of a flower H sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels I petal J-K androecium J stamen K detail of the anther L-M gynoecium L pistil M detail of the stigma N open mature capsule O seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Line drawings by M. A. Rezende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">22H, N</figureCitation>
|
||
) and pistil as long as the stamens (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tradescantia hertweckii M. Pell. A habit B detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins C hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath D-E leaves D detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum E detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum F-G flowers F front view of a flower G oblique view of a flower H sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels I petal J-K androecium J stamen K detail of the anther L-M gynoecium L pistil M detail of the stigma N open mature capsule O seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. Line drawings by M. A. Rezende." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">22 G</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, both species can be differentiated based on leaf morphology (leaves sessile, blades hispid, margins ciliate with densely setose base in
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. hertweckii" order="Liliales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="hertweckii">T. hertweckii</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
subpetiolate, glabrous, evenly ciliolate in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Commelinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="T. fluminensis" order="Liliales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species" species="fluminensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">T. fluminensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), inflorescence morphology (cincinni bracts unequal to strongly unequal
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
equal), sepal pubescence (setose
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
pilose), petal posture (flat
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
plicate) and hilum relative length (longer than
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
the length of the seed
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
equal).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1305535" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211915" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figure 22.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia hertweckii" order="Commelinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hertweckii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Tradescantia hertweckii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M.Pell.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">A</emphasis>
|
||
habit
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">B</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the leaf-sheaths, showing the setose margins
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C</emphasis>
|
||
hair from the margin of the leaf-sheath
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">D-E</emphasis>
|
||
leaves
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">D</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the abaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">E</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the adaxial side of the apex of the blade, showing the hispid indumentum
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">F-G</emphasis>
|
||
flowers
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">F</emphasis>
|
||
front view of a flower
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">G</emphasis>
|
||
oblique view of a flower
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">H</emphasis>
|
||
sepals, showing the setose indumentum restricted to the dorsal keels
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">I</emphasis>
|
||
petal
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">J-K</emphasis>
|
||
androecium
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">J</emphasis>
|
||
stamen
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">K</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the anther
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">L-M</emphasis>
|
||
gynoecium
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">L</emphasis>
|
||
pistil
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">M</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the stigma
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">N</emphasis>
|
||
open mature capsule
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">O</emphasis>
|
||
seeds, showing the costate testa not cleft towards the embryotega and the hilum longer than
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
the length of the seed. Line drawings by M.A. Rezende.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1305537" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.101.25057.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/211916" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" start="Figure 23" startId="F23">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figure 23.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Commelinaceae" genus="Tradescantia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tradescantia hertweckii" order="Commelinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hertweckii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Tradescantia hertweckii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M.Pell. Orange- Cerrado; Olive-green- Pampa; Dark green- Atlantic Forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |