147 lines
22 KiB
XML
147 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="EC821A38F914289AA28C138BC423F57D" ID-CLB-Dataset="57652" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c6b544e4-8130-404d-8b68-18fd924531fd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10120792" ID-ZooBank="AA339050-2C93-42FC-901B-6C0CC93C7E26" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1680760168591" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Alarie, Yves, Michat, Mariano C., Shaverdo, Helena & Hájek, Jiří" docDate="2023" docId="03B39B0B7858371253DEFAF6FBCEF92E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5263.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5263 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sandracottus femoralis Heller 1934" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="305" masterDocId="FF8AE373785C37165349FFCCFFC9FFF5" masterDocTitle="Morphology of the larvae of Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, and S. mixtus (Blanchard, 1843) and phylogenetic comparison with other known Aciliini (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Dytiscinae)" masterLastPageNumber="334" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="305" updateTime="1700047681186" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="6490FD0EB1290A1410287DBCC0EB11ED">Morphology of the larvae of Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, and S. mixtus (Blanchard, 1843) and phylogenetic comparison with other known Aciliini (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Dytiscinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="90B6BD99958ED1951D3B7D1BAA7873CE">Alarie, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="668E0F5983FD3D11B2B30FF63B283987">School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario, CANADA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4F3BE22CD366DE7F7B3D371133A51F34">Michat, Mariano C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3B5D0959AB3A5EF9D590704CEC2E8FDE">University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Biodiversity and Experimental Biology, Laboratory of Entomology, Buenos Aires, Argentina. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1962 - 7976 & CONICET-University of BuenosAires, Institute of Biodiversity and Experimental and Applied Biology (IBBEA), Buenos Aires, Argentina. Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5034 - 7342</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DBD76C6E4CE89126A39D48839EF4CB21">Shaverdo, Helena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C4EDD38111BB017495D5FC568A5BA0C9">Hájek, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B17757D3576F8FA9F606EB340C993537">Department of Entomology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, CZ- 193 00 Praha 9 - Horní Poc ̌ ernice, Czech Republic. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5779 - 1542</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="C325B8FF9939F53225DEFA6E1AE5F1E3">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B39B0B7858371253DEFAF6FBCEF92E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209488287" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B39B0B7858371253DEFAF6FBCEF92E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B39B0B7858371253DEFAF6FBCEF92E" lastPageNumber="305" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
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<paragraph id="8BA52A1D7858371253DEFAF6FD84FAA1" blockId="4.[151,589,1338,1400]" box="[151,589,1338,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
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<heading id="D0ED9D717858371253DEFAF6FD84FAA1" bold="true" box="[151,589,1338,1365]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A519E7858371253DEFAF6FD84FAA1" ID-CoL="79HLB" authority="Heller, 1934" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,589,1338,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoralis">
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<emphasis id="B96EF60F7858371253DEFAF6FD84FAA1" bold="true" box="[151,589,1338,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
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<emphasis id="B96EF60F7858371253DEFAF6FE79FAA0" bold="true" box="[151,432,1338,1365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Sandracottus femoralis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B57EC7858371252F1FAF6FD84FAA1" author="Heller, K. M." box="[440,589,1338,1364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref8608" refString="Heller, K. M. (1934) Kafer aus dem Bismark- und Salomo Archipel. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel, 45, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1934">Heller, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C30079967858371253DEFA92FED0FA8D" box="[151,281,1374,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA52A1D7858371253DEFA92FED0FA8D" blockId="4.[151,589,1338,1400]" box="[151,281,1374,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
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(
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<figureCitation id="132136987858371253D6FA92FED8FA8D" box="[159,273,1374,1400]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3–5" captionStart-2="FIGURES 6–9" captionStart-3="FIGURES 10–11" captionStart-4="FIGURES 12–14" captionStart-5="FIGURES 15–19" captionStart-6="FIGURES 20–21" captionStart-7="FIGURES 22–24" captionStart-8="FIGURES 25–29" captionStart-9="FIGURE 30" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="12.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionStartId-3="13.[151,264,1478,1502]" captionStartId-4="14.[151,264,1923,1947]" captionStartId-5="15.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionStartId-6="16.[151,264,1494,1518]" captionStartId-7="17.[151,264,1585,1609]" captionStartId-8="18.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionStartId-9="19.[151,250,1059,1083]" captionTargetBox-0="[387,1201,179,1917]" captionTargetBox-1="[286,1301,179,1917]" captionTargetBox-2="[207,1381,179,1917]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,179,1452]" captionTargetBox-4="[187,1401,181,1899]" captionTargetBox-5="[185,1403,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1436,181,1470]" captionTargetBox-7="[153,1434,179,1559]" captionTargetBox-8="[166,1422,179,1917]" captionTargetBox-9="[151,1435,179,1033]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@10.[387,1201,179,1917]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@11.[286,1301,179,1917]" captionTargetId-2="figure-26@12.[207,1381,179,1917]" captionTargetId-3="figure-18@13.[151,1436,179,1452]" captionTargetId-4="figure-26@14.[187,1401,181,1899]" captionTargetId-5="figure-18@15.[185,1403,181,1919]" captionTargetId-6="figure-26@16.[151,1436,181,1470]" captionTargetId-7="figure-18@17.[153,1434,179,1559]" captionTargetId-8="figure-26@18.[166,1422,179,1917]" captionTargetId-9="figure-18@19.[151,1435,179,1033]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionTargetPageId-3="13" captionTargetPageId-4="14" captionTargetPageId-5="15" captionTargetPageId-6="16" captionTargetPageId-7="17" captionTargetPageId-8="18" captionTargetPageId-9="19" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–2. Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, head capsule, instar I: (1) dorsal aspect; (2) ventral aspect. EB, egg bursters; FR, frontoclypeus; LC, lamellae clypeales; PA, parietal; TP, tentorial pits. Numbers and lowercase letters refer to primary setae and pores, respectively. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 3–5. Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, head appendages, instar I: (3–4) antenna; (3) dorsal aspect; (4) ventral aspect; (5) mandible, dorsal aspect. AN, antenna; MN, mandible; sp, spinula. Numbers and lowercase letters refer to primary setae and pores, respectively. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 6–9. Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, head appendages, instar I: (6–7) maxilla; (6) dorsal aspect; (7) ventral aspect; (8–9) labium; (8) dorsal aspect; (9) ventral aspect. LA, labium; MX, maxilla. Numbers and lowercase letters refer to primary setae and pores, respectively; * = additional sensilla. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." captionText-3="FIGURES 10–11. Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, mesothoracic leg, instar I: (10) anterior surface; (11) posterior surface. CO, coxa; FE, femur; PT, pretarsus; TA, tarsus; TI, tibia; TR, trochanter. Numbers and lowercase letters refer to primary setae and pores, respectively; * = additional sensilla. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-4="FIGURES 12–14. Sandracottus femoralis Heller,1934, instar I: (12–13) abdominal segment VIII; (12) dorsal aspect;(13) ventral aspect; (14) urogomphus, dorsal aspect. AB, abdominal segment VIII; UR, urogomphus. Numbers and lowercase letters refer to primary setae and pores, respectively. Spine-like spinulae on abdominal segment VIII not represented. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." captionText-5="FIGURES 15–19. Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, instar II: (15) parietale, ventral aspect; (16) antennomere I, dorsal aspect; (17) mandible, ventral aspect; (18) maxilla, dorsal aspect; (19) prementum, ventral aspect. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (Fig. 15), 0.1 mm (Figs 16–19)." captionText-6="FIGURES 20–21. Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, instar II, mesothoracic leg: (20) anterior surface; (21) posterior surface. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-7="FIGURES 22–24. Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, instar III: (22) lateral habitus; (23) head capsule. dorsal aspect; (24) abdominal segments VII–VIII, dorsal aspect. Photos by Y. Alarie." captionText-8="FIGURES 25–29. Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, instar III: (25) parietal, ventral aspect; (26) antenna, dorsal aspect; (27) maxilla, dorsal aspect; (28–29) mesocoxa and mesotrochanter: (28) anterior surface; (29) posterior surface. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (25) and 0.2 mm (26–29)." captionText-9="FIGURE 30. Pool formed by the drying up of a stream on a clay bed covered with decaying leaves and twigs in Solomon Islands, Guadalcanal where larvae of Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1943 were collected. Photo by J. Hájek." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135198" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135200" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135202" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135204" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135206" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135208" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135210" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135212" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135214" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135216" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10135198/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10135200/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10135202/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10135204/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/10135206/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/10135208/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/10135210/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/10135212/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/10135214/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/10135216/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Figs 1–30</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30079967858371253DEFA6DFDA6F9D2" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA52A1D7858371253DEFA6DFDA6F9D2" blockId="4.[151,1437,1441,1755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
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<emphasis id="B96EF60F7858371253DEFA6DFEB5FA4E" bold="true" box="[151,380,1441,1467]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Source of material.</emphasis>
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The three instar I, four instar II and three instar III larvae studied were associated with adults collected at the following locality:
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<emphasis id="B96EF60F785837125160FA09FC6BFA2A" bold="true" box="[553,930,1477,1503]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
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<collectingCountry id="F30D6A8D785837125160FA09FD38FA2A" box="[553,753,1477,1503]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49DEE4FF785837125049FA09FC54FA2A" box="[768,925,1477,1503]" country="Solomon Islands" name="Guadalcanal" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Guadalcanal</collectingRegion>
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:
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</emphasis>
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ca.
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<quantity id="4CE287F878583712509DFA09FBEDFA2A" box="[980,1060,1477,1504]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" unit="km" value="3.5">3.5 km</quantity>
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SE of Barana village (drying up stream in shaded gorge); 09˚29.8’S, 159˚59.5’E, leg J. Hájek. The identification is safe as
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A519E7858371257CAFA25FAC0F9F6" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1934" box="[1155,1289,1513,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoralis">
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<emphasis id="B96EF60F7858371257CAFA25FAC0F9F6" box="[1155,1289,1513,1539]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">S. femoralis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was the only
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A519E7858371253DEF9C1FE4AF9D2" box="[151,387,1549,1575]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
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<emphasis id="B96EF60F7858371253DEF9C1FEE2F9D2" box="[151,299,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Sandracottus</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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found in that region.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C300799678583712538EF9FDFBCEF92E" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA52A1D78583712538EF9FDFBCEF92E" blockId="4.[151,1437,1441,1755]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
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<emphasis id="B96EF60F78583712538EF9FDFE8BF9BE" bold="true" box="[199,322,1585,1611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Larvae of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A519E78583712528BF9FDFD83F9BE" authorityName="Heller" authorityYear="1934" box="[450,586,1585,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoralis">
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<emphasis id="B96EF60F78583712528BF9FDFD83F9BE" box="[450,586,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">S. femoralis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A519E7858371250A1F9FDFB99F9BE" authorityName="SMIX" baseAuthorityName="Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1000,1104,1585,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Sandracottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mixtus">
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<emphasis id="B96EF60F7858371250A1F9FDFB99F9BE" box="[1000,1104,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">S. mixtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the only other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A519E785837125641F9FDFF21F99A" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EF60F785837125641F9FDFA55F9BE" box="[1288,1436,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Sandracottus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described in detail, by the following combination of characters: antennomere 1 shorter than antennomere 3 (instar I) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1321369878583712526AF9B5FE43F966" box="[291,394,1657,1683]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–5" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[286,1301,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[286,1301,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 3–5. Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, head appendages, instar I: (3–4) antenna; (3) dorsal aspect; (4) ventral aspect; (5) mandible, dorsal aspect. AN, antenna; MN, mandible; sp, spinula. Numbers and lowercase letters refer to primary setae and pores, respectively. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10135200/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Figs 3–4</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6981FA67858371252D1F9B5FE25F966" box="[408,492,1657,1683]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="25.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements and ratios for the instar I of Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934 (SFEM) and S. mixtus (Blanchard, 1843) (SMIX)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF657A957845370F53DEFF5BFE75FF21" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" tableUuid="DF657A957845370F53DEFF5BFE75FF21">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
); antennomeres 1–2 densely covered with spinulae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13213698785837125701F9B5FB78F966" box="[1096,1201,1657,1683]" captionStart="FIGURES 3–5" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[286,1301,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[286,1301,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 3–5. Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934, head appendages, instar I: (3–4) antenna; (3) dorsal aspect; (4) ventral aspect; (5) mandible, dorsal aspect. AN, antenna; MN, mandible; sp, spinula. Numbers and lowercase letters refer to primary setae and pores, respectively. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10135200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10135200/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Figs 3–4</figureCitation>
|
||
); anterior process of prementum shorter relative to length of labial palpomere 1 (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6981FA6785837125075F951FC54F942" box="[828,925,1693,1719]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="25.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements and ratios for the instar I of Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934 (SFEM) and S. mixtus (Blanchard, 1843) (SMIX)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF657A957845370F53DEFF5BFE75FF21" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" tableUuid="DF657A957845370F53DEFF5BFE75FF21">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6981FA67858371250E5F951FC72F942" box="[940,955,1693,1719]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="26.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 3. Measurements and ratios for the instar II of Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934 (SFEM) and S. mixtus (Blanchard, 1843) (SMIX)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF657A957846370C53DEFF5BFE75FF21" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" tableUuid="DF657A957846370C53DEFF5BFE75FF21">3</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6981FA6785837125080F951FC10F94D" box="[969,985,1693,1720]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="28.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="TABLE 5. Measurements and ratios for the instar III of Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934 (SFEM) and S. mixtus (Blanchard, 1843) (SMIX)." pageId="4" pageNumber="305">5</tableCitation>
|
||
); pro- and mesofemur with less than 24 and 29 anteroventral additional natatory setae, respectively (instar I) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6981FA67858371250EBF90DFC33F92E" box="[930,1018,1729,1755]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="25.[151,239,1137,1161]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="TABLE 2. Number and position of additional setae on legs of Sandracottus femoralis Heller, 1934 (SFEM) and S. mixtus (Blanchard, 1843) (SMIX). Numbers between slash marks refer to pro-, meso- and metathoracic leg, respectively. AV = anteroventral, ADi = anterodistal, PD = posterodorsal, PV = posteroventral." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF657A957845370F53DEFBBDFC74FB27" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" tableUuid="DF657A957845370F53DEFBBDFC74FB27">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |