100 lines
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100 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="2E29A2591A3823D4D86A1EC7AD0E204B" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2243fee9-9f80-4fc0-825f-109c19240026" ModsDocID="2959" checkinTime="1243372804622" checkinUser="christiana" docAuthor="Ward, P. S." docDate="1994" docId="DCA25CF212D0330DDCAC7AACFFB616A0" docLanguage="en" docName="2959" docOrigin="Systematic Entomology 19" docSource="http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=2959" docTitle="Adetomyrma Ward, 1994, gen. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="9D6249984007D97196428B7009D07FAD" masterDocTitle="Adetomyrma, an enigmatic new ant genus from Madagascar (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), and its implications for ant phylogeny." masterLastPageNumber="175" masterPageNumber="159" pageNumber="160" updateTime="1701312049372" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="33705B839AAADCA140D50FC91AE714D3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FAFBF8E97F80304AE9B5602B40863DCF">
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<mods:title id="85A601012F8F5CA96F8B8B2003DBA9C6">Adetomyrma, an enigmatic new ant genus from Madagascar (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), and its implications for ant phylogeny.</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="06966F4FD83391F8309A98C8F265F710" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="3D6CEB73807E94F11E403E04A2371879">
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<mods:roleTerm id="35D2DD10D407E5835750F5130685F04D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="EC4C040D9F49BADBFDDC537CB9E13571">Ward, P. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="16C297C00E4B436DBC06FE4858F520AE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B04088B4FC34FBD3E84124660FBE9E3C">Systematic Entomology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="DF3ED4C31120FB40EF9863A63376E87D">
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<mods:date id="C382B8ED315410A17520F22321BC436F">1994</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="495B7C46214D6FED32F47673B4BE7416" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0402A0319C4094DB722E83788D2E8EEA">19</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="29DEC815FE72565C766FBF9596F72D44" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="1DB9451371EC31B913E33F010DA2AF52">159</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="85E618C274CEC0684DB1CAE5C9DD554F">175</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location id="5E7CD93F76CCD502CB419A20ABB3D7F2">
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<mods:url id="2826201CB9862CE1AADFF3ED076C6D58">http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=2959</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="512D14F095CCFD51B88E4FCB1526D4DF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3AB933A1C60BE463581CC94F859319A6" type="HNS-Pub">2959</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="DCA25CF212D0330DDCAC7AACFFB616A0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3502067" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100133436" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3502067" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DCA25CF212D0330DDCAC7AACFFB616A0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DCA25CF212D0330DDCAC7AACFFB616A0" lastPageNumber="161" pageNumber="160">
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<subSubSection id="C6F253F19C064744215AE435BDB14A77" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="41D657586D8F4A4FA53D7DE2B55C80FE" pageNumber="160">
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Descriptive taxonomy
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<taxonomicName id="2144ACF9CE72A969A1432BABD84FB86B" ID-CoL="P8S" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2326" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Adetomyrma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adetomyrma Ward" lsidName-HNS="Adetomyrma Ward" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Adetomyrma</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="1771FE88EE7B7895526E387268576607" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3D1825B233104EB5931B40759DCE4CF8" pageNumber="160">
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Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="FF608C7C68026EAF1D2BEF0F07827115" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25000" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Adetomyrma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adetomyrma venatrix Ward" lsidName-HNS="Adetomyrma venatrix Ward" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="venatrix">Adetomyrma venatrix</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A01FE13962887D11F069414D5E3161BE" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="14F6F69C9A488762F06823926CC09B2A" pageNumber="160">
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Worker diagnosis (putative autapomorphies of the genus are marked with an asterisk; some of these designations are better understood in the context of the phylogenetic position of
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<taxonomicName id="D33440F84A2895C75B40FEF13CE1BCB0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2326" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Adetomyrma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adetomyrma Ward" lsidName-HNS="Adetomyrma Ward" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Adetomyrma</taxonomicName>
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, discussion of which is deferred to a later part of the paper):
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ADC4F714B512EDA407C1C75164664F18" pageNumber="160">1. Twelve antennal segments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3AECE7B49279F5CC8EE7E77AC58A48A2" pageNumber="160">2. Mandibles subfalcate, crossing at rest, and without differentiated basal and masticatory margins (Figs 7, 12); inner margin with relatively few teeth (5 - 6 teeth in the only known species).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DFF22117D01A42F41D57801CF176B4F4" pageNumber="160">3. * Palpal segmentation reduced (palp formula 3,3 in the only known species).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7B47A725BC6C48E6C4DD9F45E49A633D" pageNumber="160">4. * Clypeus reduced to a narrow strip (dorsal view) and deflected ventrally.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C8F3D80E820EADB6239965BC89BA60F" pageNumber="160">5. Anterior clypeal margin with a row of stout, conical setae (Fig. 12).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C77C2A96ABBA200DD441F38148D0F9EC" pageNumber="160">6. Antennal sclerite (or torulus) raised medially, i. e. not horizontal, and fused with the laterally expanded frontal lobes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE75189F7E35217F815CE3704657A783" pageNumber="160">7. Frontal lobes weakly developed, only partially covering the antennal insertions in dorsal view (Figs 6, 7), the maximum distance between their outer margins about 14 % of HW.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="121B799889C9D5F8684700CAF8BDB6A8" pageNumber="160">8. * Compound eye lacking.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B29E13242BB3712E393AD5DCC83AC6FB" pageNumber="160">9. Promesonotal suture unfused and flexible.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7FE397734C247B2D345495D56E80A341" pageNumber="160">10. * Metanotum not evident and mesonotum reduced in size, much shorter than the basal face of the propodeum (Fig. 4).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1584700ABB35B4E7CA67D26F2B1FA47C" pageNumber="160">11. Metacoxal cavities tightly encircled by cuticle but the endpoints not fused (Fig. 18); metasternal invagination broad and shallow, extending anteriorly between the metacoxal cavities no more than about one third the cavity diameter.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4F9E1F8FFFF88F053D123315187D39A6" pageNumber="160">12. Propodeal spiracle large, circular, in an upper and posterior position (Fig. 24), almost contiguous with the visible upper margin of the metapleural gland bulla.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A579DF7E469527E1BB2F726EEE622931" pageNumber="160">13. Metapleural gland well developed, the bulla forming a large conspicuous patch on the lower lateral and posterior faces of the mesosoma, below and behind the propodeal spiracle.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B6FB5EDA5A8805BCB693276BBF196131" pageNumber="160">14. Metapleural gland orifice (or meatus) opening posterodorsally, near the centre of the bulla, above a posterolateral swelling of the metapleuron (Figs 24, 30); orifice not overhung by a conspicuous cuticular flap nor confluent with an anteriorly directed, longitudinal groove or impression.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="69FEC6CBD9E3021D702C1EBE7C1F6B37" pageNumber="160">15. * Tergum and sternum of abdominal segment 2 fused anteriorly but not posteriorly; tergosternal suture completely obliterated in the region of fusion (Fig. 36).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="34676A360EAF1B75F76449CC4F72D8F0" pageNumber="160">16. Unfused portion of abdominal sternum 2 triangular, terminating anteroventrally in a well-developed tooth (just posterior to the point of tergosternal fusion), and flanked on either side by a differentiated laterotergite (Fig. 36).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7022C5441B5E21E619E4880E16663E62" pageNumber="160">17. * Helcial tergite (pretergite of abdominal segment 3) poorly developed, not set off from the rest of tergum 3 by a constriction, in consequence of which no petiole discernable in dorsal view (Figs 3,4).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D5E7B1E26753744A00A7CFEC8B1C8EF0" pageNumber="160">18. Helcial sternite thin, straight (not bulging ventrally), overlapped ventrolaterally by the lower arms of the helcial tergite (Fig. 41).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7BD8F62F78744264775F7C03E97CF209" pageNumber="160">19. Helcial sternite narrower than the poststernite of abdominal segment 3, and positioned much higher than it so that a ventral petiolar constriction is seen in lateral view (Fig. 2).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F4F391E3A6E209501B32C1E91CD86488" pageNumber="160">20. *? Helcial sternite strongly bound by connective tissue to the posterodorsal margin of abdominal sternite 2. (In two of four dissections that were performed part of the helcial sternite and adjacent poststernite broke from the rest of abdomen 3 and remained attached to the inside of the petiolar venter; see Fig. 36.)</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6E546FAB57B33F1EEDC6975EC310BBD2" pageNumber="160">21. *? Tergum and sternum proper of abdominal segment 3 unfused, but helcial tergite tightly embracing the lateral margins of the helcial sternite and apparently fused with it.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E7515F70ABCD62A609A68AF49252DF9E" pageNumber="160">22. *? Tergum and sternum of abdominal segment 4 unfused and without differentiated presclerites.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1637E9ECFCCE48C74F75529EE744F79" pageNumber="160">23. * Abdominal spiracles 5, and sometimes 6, exposed under normal gastral expansion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="24EC73585A019E7C4F8626FABAD548F7" pageNumber="160">24. * Metasoma large and expanded posteriorly, meta-somal length about 1.6 times mesosomal length.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="77C61F9F6386CD99D924FAE1B5DC239E" pageNumber="160">25. Pygidium simple, with posterior extremity rounded and hood-like, neither denticulate nor heavily sclerotized or otherwise modified.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="62B0B1714960C51F0D586D51EB09B77F" pageNumber="160">26. Gonostylus long and distinctly 2 - segmented.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="628934DD42BCCE35D16AE19E0895E389" lastPageNumber="161" pageNumber="160">27. Sting very large and barbed, valve chamber small and poorly differentiated from sting shaft; lancet with 7 barbs, sting shaft with 4 pairs of barbs.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="22630D00393BEA00F1B9F85FA5AE888F" pageNumber="161">28. Sting furcula present, well developed, with dorsal as well as lateral (ventral) arms.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B64F90B90556AD86B6D9C3FC63F8DFB" pageNumber="161">29. Tibial spurs 1,1,2; anterior metatibial spur small, posterior spur large, subtriangular and sinuous, its lower margin pectinate, upper margin barbulate; mesotibial spur weakly barbulate, flanked by a minute remnant of the second (anterior) spur.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="37818A22C8CF99C2BF792A452953C53E" pageNumber="161">30. Apical segment of metatarsus enlarged, longer and wider than each of the three preceding segments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="540C2F4A2D41DD104BF17A922F07C0F1" pageNumber="161">31. Tarsal claws simple.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C1133C35F4BA1540E8B6CE8C6312F4A6" pageNumber="161">32. Metabasitarsal gland (Hoelldobler & Palmer, 1989) absent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A969013886E25094473E982F8E1B273" pageNumber="161">
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Unique features of
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<taxonomicName id="188CC147D97BD99CBEF3D8C7C648DB2F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2326" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Adetomyrma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adetomyrma Ward" lsidName-HNS="Adetomyrma Ward" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Adetomyrma</taxonomicName>
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workers include the weakly differentiated helcial tergite and consequent ape-tiolate appearance in dorsal view; the large and posteriorly expanded gaster all of whose segments are unfused and (except abdominal segment 3) without differentiated presclerites; and the enormous sting which is larger in relation to body size than that of any other ant. Because the valve chamber is not well differentiated from the sting shaft, Kugler's (1978) ' index of sting reduction' (IR = shaft length / PW x 100) cannot be calculated precisely. Nevertheless Adetomyrma has a sting length / LHT ratio of 1.72 - 1.77 and an approximate IR of 190. These values are well above those reported for other ants (Kugler, 1978, 1980, 1991, 1992), the nearest being
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<taxonomicName id="32C8F320F3C7A81ABDC5303B89C4565F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25204" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Amblyopone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amblyopone pallipes (Haldeman)" lsidName-HNS="Amblyopone pallipes (Haldeman)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallipes">Amblyopone pallipes</taxonomicName>
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with an IR of 119 (Kugler, 1978). The dentiform clypeal setae, absence of eyes, configuration of the metapleural gland orifice, structure of the petiole and exposure of abdominal spiracle 5 are also distinctive features, that occur in this combination in no other known ant.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="35A1BA793AE7F542B837C0488953A6DB" pageNumber="161">
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<taxonomicName id="A47CB657FE2ADC4B77A70A58D6E1312B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2326" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Adetomyrma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adetomyrma Ward" lsidName-HNS="Adetomyrma Ward" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Adetomyrma</taxonomicName>
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presents a curious mix of ancestral and derived traits. The former include a freely articulating pronotum and mesonotum, unfused metacoxal cavities, a well-developed furculate sting, and an apparently primitive configuration of abdominal segments 3 and 4 (but see discussion below). Derived features include the reduced eyes, mouthparts, and mesonotum; the anterior fusion of abdominal tergum and sternum 2; and the enlarged metasoma. A discussion of the taxonomic position of
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<taxonomicName id="0723C17050A5A9F94923F8BFC746088D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2326" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Adetomyrma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adetomyrma Ward" lsidName-HNS="Adetomyrma Ward" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Adetomyrma</taxonomicName>
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is given after the species description.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |