323 lines
37 KiB
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323 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ceac78c6-75b7-447a-aadd-385983cec92c" ID-PMC="PMC8360878" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1055-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="69CACA7352355D15AE1D785BE3CA28C5" ID-PubMed="34393570" ID-ZooBank="DB8C0779E75744EDB9B2397EA2EF3BAE" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1055-1" checkinTime="1628486407173" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Cumming, Royce T., Tirant, Ste ́ phane Le & Bu ̈ scher, Thies H." docDate="2021" docId="D7B90DCE8C7D51989FE67A1E3040578B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1055: 1-41" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1055" docPubDate="2021-08-05" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796" docTitle="Trolicaphyllium erosus Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher 2021, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="69CACA7352355D15AE1D785BE3CA28C5" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="69CACA7352355D15AE1D785BE3CA28C5" masterDocTitle="Resolving a century-old case of generic mistaken identity: polyphyly of Chitoniscus sensu lato resolved with the description of the endemic New Caledonia Trolicaphyllium gen. nov. (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae)" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668150825841" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Resolving a century-old case of generic mistaken identity: polyphyly of Chitoniscus sensu lato resolved with the description of the endemic New Caledonia Trolicaphyllium gen. nov. (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cumming, Royce T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7930-1292</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Montreal Insectarium, 4101 rue Sherbrooke est, Montre ́ al, Que ́ bec, H 1 X 2 B 2, Canada & Richard Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA & Biology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">roycecumming@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tirant, Ste ́ phane Le</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Montreal Insectarium, 4101 rue Sherbrooke est, Montre ́ al, Que ́ bec, H 1 X 2 B 2, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bu ̈ scher, Thies H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24118, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-08-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1055</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>41</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1055-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">DB8C0779E75744EDB9B2397EA2EF3BAE</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">69CACA7352355D15AE1D785BE3CA28C5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="183950784" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D7B90DCE8C7D51989FE67A1E3040578B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D7B90DCE8C7D51989FE67A1E3040578B" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="D7B90DCE-8C7D-5198-9FE6-7A1E3040578B" authority="(Redtenbacher, 1906)" authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium erosus" order="Phasmatodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosus" status="comb. nov.">Trolicaphyllium erosus (Redtenbacher, 1906)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Trolicaphyllium erosus, comb. nov. syntype specimen from the MNHN collection. Photographs by: Emmanuel Delfosse (MNHN) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral. Associated data labels inserted between and to the right." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 26</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Trolicaphyllium erosus comb. nov. syntype female originally from the collection of Brunner von Wattenwyl, then passed on to Redtenbacher, now deposited in NHMW. Photographs by Harald Bruckner (NHMW) A habitus, dorsal (scale bar only representative of this image) B habitus, ventral C genitalia detail, ventral D details of the front legs, head, and thorax, dorsal E specimen data labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574821" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 27</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(
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<specimenCount type="female">10 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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):
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Paris Nelle Caledonie Canal Woodia Dr. Francois, Coll. Br., W. Neu Caledon Deyrolle" determinerName="Redtb. Brunner & Redtenb" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="Syntypes">
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<typeStatus>Syntypes</typeStatus>
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(
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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): "
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<typeStatus>Syntype</typeStatus>
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; MNHN-EO-PHAS1018; Museum
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<collectorName>Paris Nelle Caledonie Canal Woodia Dr. Francois</collectorName>
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783-92.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Chitoniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chitoniscus erosus" order="Phasmatodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chitoniscus erosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Redt.;
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Chitoniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chitoniscus erosus" order="Phasmatodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chitoniscus erosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<determinerName>Redtb. Brunner</determinerName>
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det. 1900" (MNHN; previously stored in alcohol, Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Trolicaphyllium erosus, comb. nov. syntype specimen from the MNHN collection. Photographs by: Emmanuel Delfosse (MNHN) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral. Associated data labels inserted between and to the right." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26</figureCitation>
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); "
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<collectorName>Coll. Br.</collectorName>
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v.
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<collectorName>W. Neu Caledon Deyrolle</collectorName>
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; det.
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<determinerName>Redtenb</determinerName>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Chitoniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chitoniscus erosus" order="Phasmatodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chitoniscus erosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; 4738" (NHMW; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Trolicaphyllium erosus comb. nov. syntype female originally from the collection of Brunner von Wattenwyl, then passed on to Redtenbacher, now deposited in NHMW. Photographs by Harald Bruckner (NHMW) A habitus, dorsal (scale bar only representative of this image) B habitus, ventral C genitalia detail, ventral D details of the front legs, head, and thorax, dorsal E specimen data labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574821" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27</figureCitation>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 26" startId="F26">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 26.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium erosus" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium erosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, comb. nov.
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<typeStatus>syntype</typeStatus>
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specimen from the MNHN collection. Photographs by: Emmanuel Delfosse (MNHN)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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habitus, dorsal
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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habitus, ventral. Associated data labels inserted between and to the right.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">See Suppl. material 1 for additional specimens reviewed, their collection data, and depositories.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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This was the second species described from New Caledonia and was described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Redtenbacher, J" journalOrPublisher="Engelmann, Leipzig" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B49" refString="Redtenbacher, J, 1906. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. I. Phasmidae, Areolatae. Verlag W. Engelmann, Leipzig" title="Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. I. Phasmidae, Areolatae. Verlag W." year="1906">Redtenbacher (1906)</bibRefCitation>
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where he gave little to differentiate the species from
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium brachysoma" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachysoma">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium brachysoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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comb. nov. except for the abdominal shape and the overall size as being smaller.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574821" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 27" startId="F27">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 27.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium erosus" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium erosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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comb. nov. syntype female originally from the collection of Brunner von Wattenwyl, then passed on to Redtenbacher, now deposited in NHMW. Photographs by Harald Bruckner (NHMW)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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habitus, dorsal (scale bar only representative of this image)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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habitus, ventral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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genitalia detail, ventral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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details of the front legs, head, and thorax, dorsal
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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specimen data labels.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Within the original description by Redtenbacher the number of syntypes was vague, but at least three are explicitly stated as "New Caledonia (Coll. M., Mus. Paris); New Guinea (Mus. Budapest)" (
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<bibRefCitation author="Redtenbacher, J" journalOrPublisher="Engelmann, Leipzig" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B49" refString="Redtenbacher, J, 1906. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. I. Phasmidae, Areolatae. Verlag W. Engelmann, Leipzig" title="Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. I. Phasmidae, Areolatae. Verlag W." year="1906">Redtenbacher 1906</bibRefCitation>
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). At least one syntype was within
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Redtenbacher’s">Redtenbacher's</normalizedToken>
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own collection (noted as "Coll. M." within his work) and eventually his collection was deposited in Vienna where it resides today, and the specimen could be traced (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Trolicaphyllium erosus comb. nov. syntype female originally from the collection of Brunner von Wattenwyl, then passed on to Redtenbacher, now deposited in NHMW. Photographs by Harald Bruckner (NHMW) A habitus, dorsal (scale bar only representative of this image) B habitus, ventral C genitalia detail, ventral D details of the front legs, head, and thorax, dorsal E specimen data labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574821" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27</figureCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Kaltenbach, AP" journalOrPublisher="Denisia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="57 - 61" refId="B40" refString="Kaltenbach, AP, 2003. Die Orthopterensammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien und ihre Geschichte. Denisia 8: 57 - 61" title="Die Orthopterensammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien und ihre Geschichte." volume="8" year="2003">Kaltenbach 2003</bibRefCitation>
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). Additionally, he states at least one syntype from the "Mus. Paris" which has also survived and was traced (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Trolicaphyllium erosus, comb. nov. syntype specimen from the MNHN collection. Photographs by: Emmanuel Delfosse (MNHN) A habitus, dorsal B habitus, ventral. Associated data labels inserted between and to the right." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574820" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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An additional syntype was explicitly noted as a nymph within the Budapest Museum (with the wording suggesting that there is only one syntype within that collection). Unfortunately, a fire during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 destroyed the Budapest syntype along with many of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="museum’s">museum's</normalizedToken>
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important type specimens (
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<bibRefCitation author="Brock, PD" journalOrPublisher="Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 75" refId="B7" refString="Brock, PD, 1998. Catalogue of type specimens of Stick- and Leaf-Insects in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (Insecta: Phasmida). Kataloge der wissenschaftlichen Sammlungen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 13: 1 - 75" title="Catalogue of type specimens of Stick- and Leaf-Insects in the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien (Insecta: Phasmida)." volume="13" year="1998">Brock 1998</bibRefCitation>
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; Földvári and Papp 2007;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1643/ASIHCODONS2020" author="Sabaj, MH" journalOrPublisher="Copeia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="593 - 669" refId="B51" refString="Sabaj, MH, 2020. Codes for Natural History Collections in Ichthyology and Herpetology. Copeia 108: 593 - 669, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1643/ASIHCODONS2020" title="Codes for Natural History Collections in Ichthyology and Herpetology." url="https://doi.org/10.1643/ASIHCODONS2020" volume="108" year="2020">Sabaj 2020</bibRefCitation>
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). This syntype within the Budapest Museum was noted as being a nymph female from New Guinea with large broad forelegs reminiscent of "
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Serville" authorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Phyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phyllium pulchrifolium" order="Phasmatodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchrifolium">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phyllium pulchrifolium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Serv." (
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<bibRefCitation author="Redtenbacher, J" journalOrPublisher="Engelmann, Leipzig" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B49" refString="Redtenbacher, J, 1906. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. I. Phasmidae, Areolatae. Verlag W. Engelmann, Leipzig" title="Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. I. Phasmidae, Areolatae. Verlag W." year="1906">Redtenbacher 1906</bibRefCitation>
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). Based on this information it is very likely that this was not actually a
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. nov. specimen as this genus is restricted to New Caledonia and is only known to have rounded profemoral lobes. Instead, this nymph specimen was more likely a female
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Nanophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanophyllium" order="Phasmatodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanophyllium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Redtenbacher, 1906 of which certain species can be small and reminiscent of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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gen. nov. or
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Chitoniscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chitoniscus" order="Phasmatodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chitoniscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens but have broader profemoral exterior lobes (for example
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Phylliidae" genus="Nanophyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanophyllium chitoniscoides" order="Phasmatodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chitoniscoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanophyllium chitoniscoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Größer">Groesser</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1992)).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Within the MNHN there is an adult female syntype specimen collected by Philippe
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="François">Francois</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Philippe Francois the collector of one of the syntype Trolicaphyllium erosus comb. nov. females from within the MNHN collection A photographed in Vanuatu sometime between 1888 and 1895; used with permission from Tajan (Tajan 2002) B later in life back home in Paris, France where he reviewed many of the specimens he brought back from his expeditions (Bulletin Scientifique 1909)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574822" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">28</figureCitation>
|
||
) from Canal Woodia (canal de Woodin), a common shipping path which runs between Ile Ouen and the south coast of Grande Terre (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bernard, A" journalOrPublisher="Librairie Hachette, Paris, France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/L_Archipel_de_la_Nouvelle_Calédonie/f5w4urloMxkC?hl=en&gbpv=0" refId="B3" refString="Bernard, A, 1894. L'Archipel de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. These Presentee a la faculte des Lettres de Paris. Librairie Hachette, Paris, France, https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/L_Archipel_de_la_Nouvelle_Caledonie/f5w4urloMxkC?hl=en&gbpv=0" title="L'Archipel de la Nouvelle-Caledonie. These Presentee a la faculte des Lettres de Paris." url="https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/L_Archipel_de_la_Nouvelle_Calédonie/f5w4urloMxkC?hl=en&gbpv=0" year="1894">Bernard 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The MNHN type database has the specimen reported as being collected sometime in 1892 (based upon the specimen label
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“-92”">"-92"</normalizedToken>
|
||
), however, this record number appears to not correspond to the collection year as Francois was not in Oceania 1892. By all accounts,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="François">Francois</normalizedToken>
|
||
was actively researching in Oceania from 1888-1891, was back in France in 1892, and then returned to Oceania from 1893-1895
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="" Bulletin Scientifique "" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin scientifique de la France et de la Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="102 - 112" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10607201" refId="B13" refString=""Bulletin Scientifique", 1909. Philippe Francois directeur-Adjoint du Laboratoire d'evolution des Etres Organises et de la Station Zoologique de Wimereux 1859-1908. Bulletin scientifique de la France et de la Belgique 42: 102 - 112, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10607201" title="Philippe Francois directeur-Adjoint du Laboratoire d'evolution des Etres Organises et de la Station Zoologique de Wimereux 1859 - 1908." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10607201" volume="42" year="1909">(Bulletin Scientifique 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dewarumez, J-M" editor="Schmitt, FG" journalOrPublisher="Union des oceanographes de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="27 - 35" publicationUrl="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00758646" refId="B32" refString="Dewarumez, J-M, 2011. Alfred Giard et ses eleves Jules Bonnier et Philippe Francois. In: Schmitt, FG, Ed., Observation des ecosystemes marin et terrestre de la cote d'opale: du naturalisme a l'ecologie. Union des oceanographes de France: 27 - 35, https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00758646" title="Alfred Giard et ses eleves Jules Bonnier et Philippe Francois." url="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00758646" volumeTitle="Observation des ecosystemes marin et terrestre de la cote d'opale: du naturalisme a l'ecologie." year="2011">Dewarumez 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We believe that this date on the label instead corresponds to the date the specimens were received by the museum and was instead collected by Francois between 1888 and 1889 when he passed through Canal Woodia (canal de Woodin) several times during his first journey to New Caledonia to study the biology of coral reefs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bouyssi, F" journalOrPublisher="Gide et J. Baudry, Paris, France. Zoologie IV" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B5" refString="Bouyssi, F, 1997. Les Collections océaniennes et le journal du Docteur Philippe François (1859-1908). École pratique des hautes études (Paris, France). Thesis/dissertation." title="Les Collections oce ́ aniennes et le journal du Docteur Philippe Franc ̧ ois (1859 - 1908). E ́ cole pratique des hautes e ́ tudes (Paris, France). Thesis / dissertation." year="1997">Bouyssi 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574822" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 28" startId="F28">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 28.</emphasis>
|
||
Philippe
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="François">Francois</normalizedToken>
|
||
the collector of one of the syntype
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium erosus" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium erosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. females from within the MNHN collection
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
photographed in Vanuatu sometime between 1888 and 1895; used with permission from Tajan (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Tajan," journalOrPublisher="Norstedt & So ̈ ner, Stockholm, Sweden, 32 (III)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.tribalartreference.com/catalogues/Tajan_051213.pdf" refId="B56" refString="Tajan, , 2002. Collections Oceaniennes du docteur Philippe Francois. December 2002, Arts Premiers Auction, Vendredi, Paris. http://www.tribalartreference.com/catalogues/Tajan_051213.pdf" title="Collections Oceaniennes du docteur Philippe Francois. December 2002, Arts Premiers Auction, Vendredi, Paris." url="http://www.tribalartreference.com/catalogues/Tajan_051213.pdf" year="2002">Tajan 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
later in life back home in Paris, France where he reviewed many of the specimens he brought back from his expeditions
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="" Bulletin Scientifique "" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin scientifique de la France et de la Belgique" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="102 - 112" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10607201" refId="B13" refString=""Bulletin Scientifique", 1909. Philippe Francois directeur-Adjoint du Laboratoire d'evolution des Etres Organises et de la Station Zoologique de Wimereux 1859-1908. Bulletin scientifique de la France et de la Belgique 42: 102 - 112, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10607201" title="Philippe Francois directeur-Adjoint du Laboratoire d'evolution des Etres Organises et de la Station Zoologique de Wimereux 1859 - 1908." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10607201" volume="42" year="1909">(Bulletin Scientifique 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Interestingly, Redtenbacher only appears to have measured one specimen of the type series, the one within his own collection (now within the NHMW), most likely he had seen the Paris and Budapest specimens prior and did not measure them while reviewing them. Harald Bruckner (NHMW) measured the single syntype within their collection and it agrees with the measurements recorded by Redtenbacher (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Trolicaphyllium erosus comb. nov. syntype female originally from the collection of Brunner von Wattenwyl, then passed on to Redtenbacher, now deposited in NHMW. Photographs by Harald Bruckner (NHMW) A habitus, dorsal (scale bar only representative of this image) B habitus, ventral C genitalia detail, ventral D details of the front legs, head, and thorax, dorsal E specimen data labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574821" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27</figureCitation>
|
||
). Interestingly, the smaller overall body length (42.0 mm) appears to be somewhat artificial as the abdomen is significantly excavated and somewhat ballooned outward, pulling the abdomen shorter (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Trolicaphyllium erosus comb. nov. syntype female originally from the collection of Brunner von Wattenwyl, then passed on to Redtenbacher, now deposited in NHMW. Photographs by Harald Bruckner (NHMW) A habitus, dorsal (scale bar only representative of this image) B habitus, ventral C genitalia detail, ventral D details of the front legs, head, and thorax, dorsal E specimen data labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574821" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">27C</figureCitation>
|
||
). This is supported by the observation that the other features of this specimen (such as the tegmina length; 27 mm) are actually closer to average sizes for other
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. nov. specimens of other species. Realistically it seems this specimen if it were naturally flat might actually be closer to a range of 50 mm, and not significantly smaller after all.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
No etymology was given in the original description, but it can be assumed that Redtenbacher was referencing the lobed abdominal shape with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium erosus" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium erosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Latin
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">e</emphasis>
|
||
- (out/away from) and -
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">rosus</emphasis>
|
||
(gnaw/peck), noting that the leaf-like body appears gnawed on, giving it the undulating appearance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574823" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 29" startId="F29">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 29.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Groesser" baseAuthorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium sarrameaense" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarrameaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium sarrameaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
holotype female (#100215)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
paratype male (#100214). Photographs by Arne
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Köhler">Koehler</normalizedToken>
|
||
(SDEI). Scale bar: 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differentiation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differentiation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
To date this appears to be the least known species on New Caledonia as we have not been successful in tracing any additional females which fall within this small size range of ca. 40 mm beyond one of the syntypes. All specimens examined so far appear to belong to the other species with their larger size (ca. 50-60 mm). In fact, it is only this smaller size which we have found as useful for differentiation as the other features match up with the prominently lobed
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Groesser" baseAuthorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium sarrameaense" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarrameaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium sarrameaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. females. The additional specimens identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium erosus" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium erosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. within the MNHN are larger than the syntype within the NHMW and several are rather morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Groesser" baseAuthorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium sarrameaense" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarrameaense">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium sarrameaense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. due to their larger size and lobed abdomen but are at this time tentatively left identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium erosus" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium erosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. within the collection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Additionally, we have yet to locate any possible male
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cumming & Tirant & Bu ̈ scher" authorityYear="2021" baseAuthorityName="Redtenbacher" baseAuthorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Phasmatodea" genus="Trolicaphyllium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trolicaphyllium erosus" order="Mantodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erosus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trolicaphyllium erosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comb. nov. as all males located were much too large and appear to belong to the other two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The only specimen we have located with detailed locality information is the syntype female from the MNHN collection which has the additional information of "Canal Woodia" which is a small canal between Ile Ouen and the south coast of Grande Terre (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Distribution map noting all presently known Trolicaphyllium gen. nov. records which could be traced and accurately noted. See Suppl. material 1 for full details for all records presented. Stars indicate a record based upon a specimen, circles represent a record based upon a photographic observation. Produced with SimpleMappr (Shorthouse, 2010)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1055.66796.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/574815" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</figureCitation>
|
||
). The additional non-type specimens from the MNHN are included within the distribution map, but only tentatively as they are slightly larger than the measured syntype from NHMW and they have variable abdominal shapes, some more strongly lobed than others.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |