248 lines
33 KiB
XML
248 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="1D28DD6188BABD5AB3732D2D2D0AA568" ID-CLB-Dataset="24865" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4700.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0ffab461-7a40-4216-88cf-a1727e05ccdf" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3548390" ID-ZooBank="DEB691E4-EEA2-4821-84B4-BA9145E5706B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1574252232157" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Swanson, Daniel R." docDate="2019" docId="C66687C9FFF6153403B6FC72DE6A00BD" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4700.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4700 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phalantus Stal 1863" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="209" masterDocId="3A5FFFB1FFFB15390321FF87DF690734" masterDocTitle="Doomed to a vile lot: new taxa, notes, and an updated generic key for the Old World corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae)" masterLastPageNumber="228" masterPageNumber="196" pageNumber="209" updateTime="1698767971063" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="90F4833893E3B1C050E9EA47DBC84BA6">Doomed to a vile lot: new taxa, notes, and an updated generic key for the Old World corsairs (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="91CE2D89B51015BF15371DE1867AE0C3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3E40A4089530481A4AA7B94BB88F0BA1">Swanson, Daniel R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B404999FE1A4F5D4A34EA14F3DBA577F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E81C993ECC5DFF2CBEB5FCB9BCA45A77">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6765ECBF333294C4D70462582CF89C37">
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<mods:date id="EC2BC798FF47F9CBD1B19345A73B7765">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D251357444C84F6AB65A20D845461FB1">2019-11-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C4120E5CCD95A1FD750D884130A732D5">4700</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="8A7A0A176E22AB0B3159BAB82D513B75">196</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="904615A70A31BFAFF7D9AD81D3961B91" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4700.2.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C66687C9FFF6153403B6FC72DE6A00BD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160458393" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C66687C9FFF6153403B6FC72DE6A00BD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C66687C9FFF6153403B6FC72DE6A00BD" lastPageNumber="209" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
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<subSubSection id="06D56554FFF6153403B6FC72DEFC033B" box="[151,405,1012,1040]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4E7036DFFFF6153403B6FC72DEFC033B" blockId="13.[151,405,1012,1040]" box="[151,405,1012,1040]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
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<heading id="153881B3FFF6153403B6FC72DEFC033B" bold="true" box="[151,405,1012,1040]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153403B6FC72DEFC033B" ID-CoL="6MPG" authority="Stal, 1863" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,405,1012,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153403B6FC72DEFC033B" bold="true" box="[151,405,1012,1040]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153403B6FC72DE7A0324" bold="true" box="[151,275,1013,1040]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF61534023BFC73DEFC033B" author="Stal, C." box="[282,405,1012,1039]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="25 - 58" refId="ref22036" refString="Stal, C. (1863) Formae speciesque novae reduviidum. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, Quatrieme Series, 3, 25 - 58." type="journal article" year="1863">Stål, 1863</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="06D56554FFF6153403B6FBBEDB3F0258" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="4E7036DFFFF6153403B6FBBEDB7F0366" blockId="13.[151,1291,1080,1136]" box="[151,1046,1080,1106]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="6EDF11F1FFF6153403B6FBBEDB7F0366" box="[151,1046,1080,1106]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153403B6FBBEDEFD0365" ID-CoL="6MPG" authority="Stal, 1863: 57" authorityName="Stal" authorityPageNumber="57" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,404,1080,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153403B6FBBEDF970365" box="[151,254,1081,1105]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="CF6E10CEFFF615340225FBBFDEFD0365" author="Stal, C." box="[260,404,1080,1105]" page="57" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" year="1863">
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<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF615340225FBBFDEFD0365" author="Stal, C." box="[260,404,1080,1105]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="25 - 58" refId="ref22036" refString="Stal, C. (1863) Formae speciesque novae reduviidum. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, Quatrieme Series, 3, 25 - 58." type="journal article" year="1863">Stål, 1863: 57</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="9174887DFFF6153402BFFBBDDEB90366" box="[414,464,1082,1106]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF61534010CFBBEDC160365" ID-CoL="4FRD7" authority="Stal, 1863" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" box="[557,895,1080,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geniculatus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF61534010CFBBEDC660365" box="[557,783,1081,1105]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus geniculatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF615340034FBBFDC160365" author="Stal, C." box="[789,895,1080,1105]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="25 - 58" refId="ref22036" refString="Stal, C. (1863) Formae speciesque novae reduviidum. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, Quatrieme Series, 3, 25 - 58." type="journal article" year="1863">Stål, 1863</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; by monotypy.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E7036DFFFF6153403B6FBDFDA620344" blockId="13.[151,1291,1080,1136]" box="[151,1291,1111,1136]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="6EDF11F1FFF6153403B6FBDFDA620344" box="[151,1291,1111,1136]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153403B6FBDFDEA20344" ID-CoL="55BK" authority="Distant, 1909: 365" authorityName="Distant" authorityPageNumber="365" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,459,1111,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Isdegardes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153403B6FBDFDE6C0344" box="[151,261,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Isdegardes</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="CF6E10CEFFF61534022DFBD0DEA20344" author="Distant, W. L." box="[268,459,1111,1136]" page="365" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" year="1909">
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<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF61534022DFBD0DEA20344" author="Distant, W. L." box="[268,459,1111,1136]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="360 - 376" refId="ref19630" refString="Distant, W. L. (1909) Rhynchota (Heteroptera) from British India. Annales de la Societe entomologie de Belgique, 53, 360 - 376. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21876" type="journal article" year="1909">Distant, 1909: 365</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="9174887DFFF6153402F5FBDFDD6F0344" box="[468,518,1112,1136]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF615340142FBDFDB670344" ID-CoL="3Q6TS" authority="Distant, 1909" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1909" box="[611,1038,1111,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Isdegardes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephalus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF615340142FBDFDC140344" box="[611,893,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Isdegardes melanocephalus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF6153400A2FBD0DB670344" author="Distant, W. L." box="[899,1038,1111,1136]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="360 - 376" refId="ref19630" refString="Distant, W. L. (1909) Rhynchota (Heteroptera) from British India. Annales de la Societe entomologie de Belgique, 53, 360 - 376. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21876" type="journal article" year="1909">Distant, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; by monotypy.
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF61534078BFBD0DA620344" bold="true" box="[1194,1291,1111,1136]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Syn. nov.</emphasis>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E7036DFFFF6153403B6FB19DB3F0258" blockId="13.[151,1437,1182,1929]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
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<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF6153403B6FB19DE53038C" author="Distant, W. L." box="[151,314,1182,1208]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="360 - 376" refId="ref19630" refString="Distant, W. L. (1909) Rhynchota (Heteroptera) from British India. Annales de la Societe entomologie de Belgique, 53, 360 - 376. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21876" type="journal article" year="1909">Distant (1909)</bibRefCitation>
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described the new genus
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF61534017FFB19DC1E038C" ID-CoL="55BK" authority="Distant, 1909" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1909" box="[606,887,1182,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Isdegardes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF61534017FFB19DDB1038C" box="[606,728,1182,1208]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Isdegardes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF6153401FEFB19DC1E038C" author="Distant, W. L." box="[735,887,1182,1208]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="360 - 376" refId="ref19630" refString="Distant, W. L. (1909) Rhynchota (Heteroptera) from British India. Annales de la Societe entomologie de Belgique, 53, 360 - 376. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21876" type="journal article" year="1909">
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Distant,
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<quantity id="89379B3AFFF61534001EFB19DC1E038C" box="[831,887,1182,1208]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.84886" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" unit="in" value="1909.0">1909</quantity>
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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in an unspecified subfamily for a single species,
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153403B6FB45DD1903E8" ID-CoL="3Q6TS" authority="Distant, 1909" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,624,1218,1244]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Isdegardes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephalus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153403B6FB45DEA603E8" box="[151,463,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Isdegardes melanocephalus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF6153402F7FB45DD1903E8" author="Distant, W. L." box="[470,624,1218,1244]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="360 - 376" refId="ref19630" refString="Distant, W. L. (1909) Rhynchota (Heteroptera) from British India. Annales de la Societe entomologie de Belgique, 53, 360 - 376. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21876" type="journal article" year="1909">Distant, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, from Calcutta. Regarding, generic affinities, he noted only “This genus is somewhat allied to
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153402ADFB61DE9A0234" ID-CoL="77GY" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[396,499,1254,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Reduvius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153402ADFB61DE9A0234" box="[396,499,1254,1280]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Reduvius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.” A conspicuous feature of this new taxon was “anterior tibiae…somewhat broadly compressed and curved”. In the appendix to
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153401A8FA8DDCDC0210" box="[649,949,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
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The Fauna of
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<collectingCountry id="36D8764FFFF615340006FA8DDCDC0210" box="[807,949,1290,1316]" name="India" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">British India</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF6153400E2FA8DDB0C0210" author="Distant, W. L." box="[963,1125,1290,1316]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" refId="ref19675" refString="Distant, W. L. (1910) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Rhynchota. - Vol. V. Heteroptera: Appendix. Taylor & Francis, London, 362 pp." type="book" year="1910">Distant (1910)</bibRefCitation>
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placed
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF61534079DFA8DDE7E027C" ID-CoL="55BK" authority="in Acanthaspidinae" authorityName="in Acanthaspidinae" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Isdegardes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF61534079DFA8DDA5F0210" box="[1212,1334,1290,1316]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Isdegardes</emphasis>
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in Acanthaspidinae
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</taxonomicName>
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“to follow
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153402B2FAA9DE93027C" ID-CoL="77GY" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[403,506,1326,1352]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Reduvius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153402B2FAA9DE93027C" box="[403,506,1326,1352]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Reduvius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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” in the key from his previous treatment (i.e.,
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<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF6153400CEFAA9DBEB027C" author="Distant, W. L." box="[1007,1154,1326,1352]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" refId="ref19591" refString="Distant, W. L. (1904) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Rhynchota. - Vol. II (Heteroptera). Taylor & Francis, London, 503 pp." type="book" year="1904">Distant 1904</bibRefCitation>
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), at the same time including a figure of the dorsal habitus and lateral view of the head (
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<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF61534006EFAD5DC8D0258" author="Distant, W. L." box="[847,996,1362,1388]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" refId="ref19675" refString="Distant, W. L. (1910) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Rhynchota. - Vol. V. Heteroptera: Appendix. Taylor & Francis, London, 362 pp." type="book" year="1910">Distant 1910</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 109).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="06D56554FFF6153403E6FAF0DE6A00BD" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4E7036DFFFF6153403E6FAF0DC6701B8" blockId="13.[151,1437,1182,1929]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
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It is clear from this habitus figure that Distant had placed his new genus in the wrong subfamily, as
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF615340603FAF1DAF502A4" box="[1314,1436,1398,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Isdegardes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF615340603FAF1DAF502A4" box="[1314,1436,1398,1424]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Isdegardes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is congeneric with the peiratine genus
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<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF615340164FA1DDC5B0280" authority="Stal, 1863" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" box="[581,818,1433,1460]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF615340164FA1DDDDE0280" box="[581,695,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF61534019FFA1EDC5B0280" author="Stal, C." box="[702,818,1433,1460]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="25 - 58" refId="ref22036" refString="Stal, C. (1863) Formae speciesque novae reduviidum. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, Quatrieme Series, 3, 25 - 58." type="journal article" year="1863">Stål, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The curved and compressed protibia are a distinct feature of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153403CBFA39DE3502EC" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" box="[234,348,1470,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153403CBFA39DE3502EC" box="[234,348,1470,1496]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Although
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153402FBFA39DD2302EC" authorityName="Amyot & Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[474,586,1470,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Peiratinae">Peiratinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
are most often diagnosed by the transverse pronotal suture being distinctly behind the middle (versus at or before middle in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF615340196FA65DC5202C9" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1807" box="[695,827,1506,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Reduviinae">Reduviinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
), this suture is situated very nearly at the middle of the pronotum in species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF615340280F981DD7A0114" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" box="[417,531,1542,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF615340280F981DD7A0114" box="[417,531,1542,1568]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(compare
|
|
<figureCitation id="D6F42A5AFFF6153401ADF981DD890114" box="[652,736,1542,1568]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1175,1200]" captionTargetBox="[195,1437,191,1154]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1437,191,1155]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Comparison between Isdegardes (Reduviinae) and Phalantus (Peiratinae): (A) Isdegardes melanocephalus, line drawing of habitus after Distant (1910); (B) Phalantus africanus, adult male. Scale bar =2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3548408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3548408/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
|
). Two other species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153400C6F981DB300114" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" box="[999,1113,1542,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153400C6F981DB300114" box="[999,1113,1542,1568]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are known from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="36D8764FFFF61534063CF981DA320114" box="[1309,1371,1542,1568]" name="India" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">India</collectingCountry>
|
|
:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF615340647F981DEA70170" authority="Distant, 1903" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feanus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF615340647F981DE440170" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus feanus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF615340217F9ADDEA70170" author="Distant, W. L." box="[310,462,1578,1604]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="43 - 65" refId="ref19557" refString="Distant, W. L. (1903) Contributions to a knowledge of the Rhynchota. Annales de la Societe entomologie de Belgique, 47 (4), 43 - 65." type="journal article" year="1903">Distant, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF615340126F9ADDCE80170" authority="Stal, 1863" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" box="[519,897,1577,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geniculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF615340126F9ADDC6B0170" box="[519,770,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus geniculatus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF61534002AF9AEDCE80170" author="Stal, C." box="[779,897,1577,1604]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="25 - 58" refId="ref22036" refString="Stal, C. (1863) Formae speciesque novae reduviidum. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, Quatrieme Series, 3, 25 - 58." type="journal article" year="1863">Stål, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The
|
|
<typeStatus id="9174887DFFF6153400E0F9ACDC980171" box="[961,1009,1579,1605]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">type</typeStatus>
|
|
species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF615340753F9ADDB850170" box="[1138,1260,1578,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Isdegardes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF615340753F9ADDB850170" box="[1138,1260,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Isdegardes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is, for the time being, considered distinct from these based on having the legs wholly ochraceous; in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF61534077AF9C8DBA9015C" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1903" box="[1115,1216,1614,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feanus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF61534077AF9C8DBA9015C" box="[1115,1216,1614,1640]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">P. feanus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153407D9F9C8DAFC015C" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" box="[1272,1429,1614,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geniculatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153407D9F9C8DAFC015C" box="[1272,1429,1614,1640]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">P. geniculatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, the apices of the femora and base of the tibiae are black.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4E7036DFFFF6153403E6F911DE6A00BD" blockId="13.[151,1437,1182,1929]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
|
|
Given the evidence outlined above,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF61534017CF911DB5A0184" authority="Distant, 1909" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1909" box="[605,1075,1686,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Isdegardes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephalus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF61534017CF911DCFD0184" box="[605,916,1686,1712]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Isdegardes melanocephalus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF6153400BDF911DB5A0184" author="Distant, W. L." box="[924,1075,1686,1712]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="360 - 376" refId="ref19630" refString="Distant, W. L. (1909) Rhynchota (Heteroptera) from British India. Annales de la Societe entomologie de Belgique, 53, 360 - 376. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21876" type="journal article" year="1909">Distant, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is transferred to the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF615340647F911DE3301E0" authority="Stal, 1863" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF615340647F911DFB201E0" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF6153403C5F93EDE3301E0" author="Stal, C." box="[228,346,1721,1748]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="25 - 58" refId="ref22036" refString="Stal, C. (1863) Formae speciesque novae reduviidum. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, Quatrieme Series, 3, 25 - 58." type="journal article" year="1863">Stål, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, resulting in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153402CEF93DDC7601E0" authorityName="Swanson" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Distant" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[495,799,1722,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephalus" status="comb. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153402CEF93DDC7601E0" box="[495,799,1722,1748]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus melanocephalus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF615340009F93DDCC301E0" bold="true" box="[808,938,1722,1748]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="678857B6FFF615340009F93DDCC301E0" box="[808,938,1722,1748]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
This act relegates
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153407A3F93DDAF501E0" authority="Distant, 1909" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1909" box="[1154,1436,1722,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Isdegardes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153407A3F93DDB9501E0" box="[1154,1276,1722,1748]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Isdegardes</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF615340625F93DDAF501E0" author="Distant, W. L." box="[1284,1436,1722,1748]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="360 - 376" refId="ref19630" refString="Distant, W. L. (1909) Rhynchota (Heteroptera) from British India. Annales de la Societe entomologie de Belgique, 53, 360 - 376. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21876" type="journal article" year="1909">Distant, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
to a junior synonym of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153402BFF959DDE101CC" authority="Stal, 1863" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" box="[414,648,1757,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153402BFF959DD7901CC" box="[414,528,1758,1784]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF615340137F95ADDE101CC" author="Stal, C." box="[534,648,1757,1784]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="25 - 58" refId="ref22036" refString="Stal, C. (1863) Formae speciesque novae reduviidum. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, Quatrieme Series, 3, 25 - 58." type="journal article" year="1863">Stål, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153401AEF959DD9F01CC" bold="true" box="[655,758,1758,1784]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">syn. nov.</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF6153401DCF959DCF301CC" author="Distant, W. L." box="[765,922,1758,1784]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" pagination="360 - 376" refId="ref19630" refString="Distant, W. L. (1909) Rhynchota (Heteroptera) from British India. Annales de la Societe entomologie de Belgique, 53, 360 - 376. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 21876" type="journal article" year="1909">Distant (1909</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A5E4B2EFFF615340084F959DCB701CC" author="Distant, W. L." box="[933,990,1758,1784]" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" refId="ref19675" refString="Distant, W. L. (1910) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Rhynchota. - Vol. V. Heteroptera: Appendix. Taylor & Francis, London, 362 pp." type="book" year="1910">1910</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) generally mentioned similarities to the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153403C0F885DE210028" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[225,328,1794,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Reduvius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153403C0F885DE210028" box="[225,328,1794,1820]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Reduvius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
but drew no other generic comparisons. However, the obvious similarities with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153407FDF885DA270028" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" box="[1244,1358,1794,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153407FDF885DA270028" box="[1244,1358,1794,1820]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
would have necessitated comparison with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF615340109F8A1DDCB0074" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1909" box="[552,674,1830,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Isdegardes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF615340109F8A1DDCB0074" box="[552,674,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Isdegardes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. I have speculated that Distant considered only reduviines after assessing the transverse pronotal suture, despite clearly having been aware of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153400C8F8CDDB320050" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1863" box="[1001,1115,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153400C8F8CDDB320050" box="[1001,1115,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">Phalantus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, as he had already described
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89CF4D5CFFF6153403B6F8E8DF9500BC" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,252,1902,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Phalantus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feanus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7CBBEACDFFF6153403B6F8E8DF9500BC" box="[151,252,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="209">P. feanus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |