257 lines
35 KiB
XML
257 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="C592BB0133BBFD4E838A932401C04520" ID-CLB-Dataset="162552" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5195.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="29fc5e88-6fba-4d87-8311-5648a7199b7a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7180673" ID-ZooBank="15ADF677-471E-4C33-BEA9-ADE6C02CFF4F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1665395395461" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cuezzo, Carolina, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H. & Constantino, Reginaldo" docDate="2022" docId="40033A2AFFC7BF74A69D6BF8FCBA404F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5195.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5195 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hyleotermes Cuezzo & Scheffrahn & Constantino 2022, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="BC3A4252FFC2BF72A60A6B27FFDE4256" masterDocTitle="Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov." masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="73" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1699407083051" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="B0B29AE11527563C1FE377C181D5DEF5" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="33A2A04E56A2D8EF58BD2990259BDA10">
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<mods:title id="24ADCFA6E793AB4715A29DC900E1C883">Revised systematic position of Nasutitermes brevipilus Emerson, 1925 (Isoptera Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) and the designation of Hyleotermes gen. nov.</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="148889F052870DAA043D9262BDCB45A0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B0456E3777082E9BEDCF688ED21FD120">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="FF7DCB401C7AF521719C294B8C743BDC">Cuezzo, Carolina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4E39F8666BD7ABB6882896448DB81CD6">Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 04263 - 000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3F7553EAA4B59435BD3C837F5D30590A" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="019CA9B331C3DD1A0A9A22DDDFF26152">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E3FE969EC9ACE8B5095A2047483BD341">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8237D7C1607ADC475F8773AD89BB22CE">Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3EC4B2B9797BFAB9356D8D9E9216212A" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6191-5963</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="EC496D659A1059CCC82EA06678F6B43C">Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3205 College Avenue, Davie, Florida 33314, U. S. A. rhsc @ ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6191 - 5963</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="33527C9B95DFB3F981874CF81779399C" type="email">rhsc@ufl.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="7885AABE2D4B746356E2E811FADDDF09" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7D4161A91FAED686A0A693988E6B4498">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="71C706F4BC13BE6DBFBBE9B33CED96B8">Constantino, Reginaldo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="49BA6B7D184D9F784722D2E55FC44E6F">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasília, 70910 - 900 Brasília, DF, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FF84A42FD550C06F497E73E5967F7A0D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="363F7E9A8EBB990CDEEC0058D9E64DA0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="68698386764E695F3EB69C7DB2CC983D">
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<mods:date id="89062A7B42ABC5B1563E0F9345CDA211">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="46973B49741C8364C507D90D1BB4F039">2022-10-10</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="728C6252979FA229229341A45C390EEA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6D299AB8051E8F953DC454D2366EDD79">5195</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="BCC34D17CF2B8FBB6BC152183F4D5B81">73</mods:start>
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<treatment id="40033A2AFFC7BF74A69D6BF8FCBA404F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7185646" ID-GBIF-Taxon="202591796" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7185646" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:40033A2AFFC7BF74A69D6BF8FCBA404F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/40033A2AFFC7BF74A69D6BF8FCBA404F" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection id="80B0D8B7FFC7BF77A69D6BF8FE7A42AF" box="[151,420,223,250]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC7BF77A69D6BF8FE7A42AF" blockId="5.[151,420,223,250]" box="[151,420,223,250]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
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<heading id="935D3C50FFC7BF77A69D6BF8FE7A42AF" bold="true" box="[151,420,223,250]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A69D6BF8FE7A42AF" bold="true" box="[151,420,223,250]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC7BF77A69D6BF8FEF142AC" authority="Cuezzo & Scheffrahn & Constantino, 2022" authorityName="Cuezzo & Scheffrahn & Constantino" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,303,223,250]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hyleotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A69D6BF8FEF142AC" bold="true" box="[151,303,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Hyleotermes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E1EDEA55FFC7BF77A73C6BF8FE7A42AF" box="[310,420,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="80B0D8B7FFC7BF77A69D6A04FD1D436D" box="[151,707,291,316]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC7BF77A69D6A04FD1D436D" blockId="5.[151,707,291,316]" box="[151,707,291,316]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A69D6A04FEFB436D" bold="true" box="[151,293,291,315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Type-species.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC7BF77A7266A03FD61436D" ID-CoL="45SW3" authority="Emerson, 1925" authorityName="Emerson" authorityYear="1925" box="[300,703,291,316]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipilus">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A7266A03FDC2436A" box="[300,540,292,316]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Nasutitermes brevipilus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AC3BF6CDFFC7BF77A4296A03FD61436D" author="Emerson, A. E." box="[547,703,291,315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="291 - 459" refId="ref6208" refString="Emerson, A. E. (1925) The termites from Kartabo, Bartica District, Guyana. Zoologica, 6, 291 - 459. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 190324" type="journal article" year="1925">Emerson, 1925</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="80B0D8B7FFC7BF77A69D6A42FB254328" box="[151,1275,356,383]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC7BF77A69D6A42FB254328" blockId="5.[151,1437,356,2043]" box="[151,1275,356,383]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A69D6A42FEC04329" bold="true" box="[151,286,357,383]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Etymology.</emphasis>
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From the Latin word
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A41E6A43FDB44328" box="[532,618,356,382]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">hylaeus</emphasis>
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(Greek
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A4CC6A43FCC94328" box="[710,791,356,382]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">hylaios</emphasis>
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), from the forest, meaning a forest termite.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="80B0D8B7FFC7BF77A6CD6AAEFC8143F5" box="[199,863,392,419]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" type="synonymic_list">
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<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC7BF77A6CD6AAEFC8143F5" blockId="5.[151,1437,356,2043]" box="[199,863,392,419]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A6CD6AAEFE5443F4" bold="true" box="[199,394,392,419]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Included species</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC7BF77A7926AAFFC8143F5" authority="(Emerson, 1925)" authorityName="Cuezzo & Scheffrahn & Constantino" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Emerson" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[408,863,392,419]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hyleotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipilus">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A7926AAFFD4243F4" box="[408,668,392,418]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Hyleotermes brevipilus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="AC3BF6CDFFC7BF77A4A06AAEFC8943F5" author="Emerson, A. E." box="[682,855,392,419]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" pagination="291 - 459" refId="ref6208" refString="Emerson, A. E. (1925) The termites from Kartabo, Bartica District, Guyana. Zoologica, 6, 291 - 459. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 190324" type="journal article" year="1925">Emerson, 1925</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="80B0D8B7FFC7BF77A6CD6A8BFDB34064" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC7BF77A6CD6A8BFDB34064" blockId="5.[151,1437,356,2043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A6CD6A8BFE9C4390" bold="true" box="[199,322,428,454]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The head capsule
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<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC7BF77A4126A8BFD784390" authorityName="Cuezzo & Scheffrahn & Constantino" authorityYear="2022" box="[536,678,428,454]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hyleotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A4126A8BFD784390" box="[536,678,428,454]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Hyleotermes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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soldier is ovoid in dorsal view, has a long cylindrical nasus, lacks a constriction and long setae, and is covered with microscopic hairs. The mixed segment of the slightly dimorphic worker caste is very short and the enteric valve has six cushions of differing sizes, with each adorned with a few to dozens of narrow spines on conical bases.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="80B0D8B7FFC7BF77A6CD691BFE1045AD" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC7BF77A6CD691BFE8F4000" blockId="5.[151,1437,356,2043]" box="[199,337,572,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A6CD691BFE8F4000" bold="true" box="[199,337,572,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC7BF77A6CD6978FD124171" blockId="5.[151,1437,356,2043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A6CD6978FECC402F" bold="true" box="[199,274,607,633]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Imago</emphasis>
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. Eyes large slightly ovoid; ocelli large and elliptical, about as large as antennal socket. Postclypeus slightly arched in profile; midline conspicuous and slightly depressed; anterior margin nearly straight; posterior margin convex. Fontanelle conspicuous, slit-shaped. Epicranial suture faint. Antenna with 15 articles. Mandibular dentition similar to those of worker
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<typeStatus id="1711359EFFC7BF77A43369EFFDB740B4" box="[569,617,712,738]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
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2. Pronotum trapezoidal in dorsal view; anterior and posterior margins nearly rectate. Posterior margin of meso- and metanotum deeply and broadly emarginated; posterolateral corners of meso- and metanotum rounded. Tibial spurs 2:2:2.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC7BF77A6CD6808FC8F41A1" blockId="5.[151,1437,356,2043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A6CD6808FEC1411C" bold="true" box="[199,287,815,842]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Soldier.</emphasis>
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Monomorphic. In dorsal view, head capsule longer than wide, not constricted. Nasus elongate, subcylindrical. Head capsule, legs, and thoracic sclerites covered with dense short and rather thick hairs. Mandibles with small but well-defined ‘points’. Antenna with 12 articles. Postclypeus not convex in profile. Labrum shorter than wide, with rounded anterior margin, parallel lateral margins, and rounded anterior corners. Pronotum with anterior lobe as developed as the posterior one, forming an obtuse angle between them. Procoxa conical, not forming a keel and without a hump on the anterior surface. Tibial spurs 2:2:2.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC7BF77A6CD68D8FB6D47C0" blockId="5.[151,1437,356,2043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
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<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A6CD68D8FEFF464C" bold="true" box="[199,289,1023,1050]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Worker.</emphasis>
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Dimorphic, but both
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<typeStatus id="1711359EFFC7BF77A41A6F27FD95464C" box="[528,587,1024,1050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">types</typeStatus>
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similar in size. Left mandible of
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<typeStatus id="1711359EFFC7BF77A5B36F27FC37464C" box="[953,1001,1024,1050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
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<materialsCitation id="78C28161FFC7BF77A5E568D8FB1C4609" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3923155307" collectionCode="MP" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1">
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1 (
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<figureCitation id="509197B9FFC7BF77A20668D8FBBD464F" box="[1036,1123,1023,1049]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,558,582]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,534]" captionTargetId="figure-33@8.[151,1436,181,534]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Worker mandibles of Hyleotermes brevipilus, comb. nov. A, type 1 (narrow gap); B, type 2 (broad gap). Gap is between the third marginal tooth (M3) and molar prominence (MP) of left mandibles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7180681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7180681/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
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) with a narrow gap between the third marginal tooth (M3) and the molar prominence (
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<collectionCode id="AEBB13F9FFC7BF77A5286F05FC91466A" box="[802,847,1058,1084]" country="0" name="Mohonk Preserve, Inc." pageId="5" pageNumber="78">MP</collectionCode>
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), a darker colored, subtrapezoidal head capsule, and narrower pronotum with its anterior lobe larger than the posterior one. Left mandible of
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<typeStatus id="1711359EFFC7BF77A2986F62FB1C4609" box="[1170,1218,1093,1119]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
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</materialsCitation>
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2 (
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||
<figureCitation id="509197B9FFC7BF77A2E16F63FA9D4609" box="[1259,1347,1092,1119]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,558,582]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,534]" captionTargetId="figure-33@8.[151,1436,181,534]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Worker mandibles of Hyleotermes brevipilus, comb. nov. A, type 1 (narrow gap); B, type 2 (broad gap). Gap is between the third marginal tooth (M3) and molar prominence (MP) of left mandibles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7180681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7180681/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
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) with a broad gap, a slightly lighter colored head capsule with more convex sides, and a wider pronotum with the anterior lobe about the same size as the posterior one. Both workers with fontanelle situated in the posterior half of the head capsule, pale and slightly depressed, in profile view. Postclypeus not inflated. Antenna with 13 articles. Tibial spurs 2:2:2. Left mandible of both
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<typeStatus id="1711359EFFC7BF77A42A6FF7FD8546BC" box="[544,603,1232,1258]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">types</typeStatus>
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with apical tooth larger than M1; posterior margin of apical tooth slightly concave; acute angle between posterior margin of apical tooth and anterior margin of M1; posterior margin of M1 sinuous; M3 short but distinct, separated from the molar prominence by a V-shaped gap in worker
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<typeStatus id="1711359EFFC7BF77A2DC6E32FAD84779" box="[1238,1286,1301,1327]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
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I and a broad gap in worker
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<typeStatus id="1711359EFFC7BF77A7376E1FFEB34704" box="[317,365,1336,1362]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
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2; M4 short, hidden beneath molar prominence; molar prominence concave, with faint ridges. Right mandible with apical tooth larger than M1; M3 reduced, with rounded tip; posterior margin of M3 concave; molar plate concave with faint ridges; basal notch well-defined, but narrow in
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<typeStatus id="1711359EFFC7BF77A20F6E5AFBEB47C1" box="[1029,1077,1405,1431]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="DEAC40B5FFC7BF77A2366E5AFB7147C0" box="[1084,1199,1404,1431]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78" type="worker">2 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC7BF77A6CD6E87FB5E448C" blockId="5.[151,1437,356,2043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A6CD6E87FE8D47EC" bold="true" box="[199,339,1440,1466]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Gut Coiling</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="509197B9FFC7BF77A76B6E87FE3D47ED" box="[353,483,1440,1467]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1333,1357]" captionTargetBox="[165,1416,407,1289]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1309]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gut morphology of the worker of Hyleotermes brevipilus, comb. nov. gut in situ; A, dorsal; B, left; C, ventral; D, right; E, mixed segment and attachment of Malpighian tubes; F, segment of proctodeum (P3–P4) showing the isthmus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7180685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7180685/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Figs. 5A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Crop slightly more developed than gizzard, partially visible in left lateral view. Mesenteron passing through right side of the abdomen to join the first proctodeal segment (P1) before reaching medial line in ventral view. Very short mixed segment; mesenteric tongue external to the mesenteric arc, not constricted proximally, lateral margins converging distally. Malpighian tubules arranged in two adjacent pairs, but attached on the inner face of the mesenteric arc individually at mesenteron–proctodeum junction; tubules slightly dilated at the attachment point (
|
||
<figureCitation id="509197B9FFC7BF77A76C6D73FE604439" box="[358,446,1620,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1333,1357]" captionTargetBox="[165,1416,407,1289]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1309]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gut morphology of the worker of Hyleotermes brevipilus, comb. nov. gut in situ; A, dorsal; B, left; C, ventral; D, right; E, mixed segment and attachment of Malpighian tubes; F, segment of proctodeum (P3–P4) showing the isthmus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7180685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7180685/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
). P1 tubular, slightly larger than the mesenteron, reaching left side of abdomen. Distal part of P3 protruding through mesenteric arc, very prominent in dorsal view, notoriously dislocated to left; isthmus conspicuous. Dorsal torsion well developed. ‘U-turn’ tubular, slightly dilated, visible in lateral right view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="509197B9FFC7BF77A3306DBBFA4E44E1" box="[1338,1424,1692,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1333,1357]" captionTargetBox="[165,1416,407,1289]" captionTargetId="figure-101@9.[151,1436,381,1309]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Gut morphology of the worker of Hyleotermes brevipilus, comb. nov. gut in situ; A, dorsal; B, left; C, ventral; D, right; E, mixed segment and attachment of Malpighian tubes; F, segment of proctodeum (P3–P4) showing the isthmus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7180685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7180685/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distal colon tubular, narrow than the proximal part and joining the rectum in dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC7BF77A6CD6DC2FE1045AD" blockId="5.[151,1437,356,2043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC7BF77A6CD6DC2FD5344A8" bold="true" box="[199,653,1764,1791]" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Internal compartment ornamentation</emphasis>
|
||
. Crop cuticle with pectinate scales. Gizzard (
|
||
<figureCitation id="509197B9FFC7BF77A2996DC3FAC744A8" box="[1171,1305,1764,1790]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1417,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-145@9.[151,1436,1417,1794]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Gizzard and enteric valve of the worker of Hyleotermes brevipilus, comb. nov. A, complete gizzard armature, showing columnar and pulvillar belts; B, detail of column I, ornamented with scales; C, detail of pulvillus I with their entire surface covered with long aciculiform spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7180689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7180689/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Figs. 6A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with completely sclerotized cuticular armature (hexaradial symmetry); pulvillar belt more developed than columnar belt, pulvilli I more developed than pulvilli II, both with their entire surface covered with long aciculiform spines; columns I and II ornamented with short spines. Cuticle of P1 armed with spines only at mesenteron–proctodeum junction. Armature of the enteric valve weakly sclerotized (
|
||
<figureCitation id="509197B9FFC7BF77A4D36C53FCEB45D8" box="[729,821,1908,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1417,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-145@9.[151,1436,1417,1794]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Gizzard and enteric valve of the worker of Hyleotermes brevipilus, comb. nov. A, complete gizzard armature, showing columnar and pulvillar belts; B, detail of column I, ornamented with scales; C, detail of pulvillus I with their entire surface covered with long aciculiform spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7180689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7180689/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
), organized in two rings; anterior ring (or upper ring, closest to P1) with 10-20 small spines barely organized in three cushions; posterior ring (or lower ring, closest to P3) with six subconical cushions varying in size; each cushion covered with a few to thirty narrow spines projecting from basal scales (
|
||
<figureCitation id="509197B9FFC7BF77A76D6CC7FE1F45AD" box="[359,449,2016,2043]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-33@10.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Worker enteric valve armature of A, Hyleotermes brevipilus comb. nov.; B, Nasutermes corniger from Panama (UFTC no. PN379)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7180691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7180691/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="78">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="80B0D8B7FFC4BF74A6CD6BB1FCBA404F" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C8158B3CFFC4BF74A6CD6BB1FCBA404F" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,537]" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A6CD6BB1FEB342E6" bold="true" box="[199,365,150,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A7A06BB1FD7142E6" authorityName="Cuezzo & Scheffrahn & Constantino" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Emerson" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[426,687,150,176]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hyleotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A7A06BB1FD7142E6" box="[426,687,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Hyleotermes brevipilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
soldier is closest to soldiers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A2176BB0FA4942E6" authority="Constantino, 1991" authorityName="Constantino" authorityYear="1991" box="[1053,1431,150,176]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Ereymatermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A2176BB0FB6042E6" box="[1053,1214,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Ereymatermes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC3BF6CDFFC4BF74A2CC6BB1FA4942E6" author="Constantino, R." box="[1222,1431,150,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref6070" refString="Constantino, R. (1991) Ereymatermes rotundiceps, new genus and species of termite from the Amazon Basin (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitidae). Goeldiana Zoologia, 8, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1991">Constantino, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A6CD6B9DFDC74282" authority="Holmgren, 1910" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1910" box="[199,537,186,212]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Subulitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A6CD6B9DFE874282" box="[199,345,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Subulitermes</emphasis>
|
||
Holmgren,
|
||
<quantity id="0F5226D9FFC4BF74A7EB6B9DFDC74282" box="[481,537,186,212]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8514" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" unit="in" value="1910.0">1910</quantity>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that all three are small, yellowish in coloration, and have cylindrical nasi. Of these, only the headcapsules of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A4026BF8FD4242AE" authorityName="Cuezzo & Scheffrahn & Constantino" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Emerson" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[520,668,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hyleotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A4026BF8FD4242AE" box="[520,668,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">H. brevipilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A4A66BF8FB9442AE" authority=", Constantino, 1991" authorityName=", Constantino" authorityYear="1991" box="[684,1098,222,249]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Subulitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="constricticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A4A66BF8FCB942AE" box="[684,871,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">S. constricticeps</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC3BF6CDFFC4BF74A57D6BF9FB9442AE" author="Constantino, R." box="[887,1098,222,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref6070" refString="Constantino, R. (1991) Ereymatermes rotundiceps, new genus and species of termite from the Amazon Basin (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitidae). Goeldiana Zoologia, 8, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1991">Constantino, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A2816BF8FF06434A" authority="(Silvestri, 1903)" baseAuthorityName="Silvestri" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Subulitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microsoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A2816BF8FAFA42AE" box="[1163,1316,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">S. microsoma</emphasis>
|
||
(Silvestri, 1903)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack long setae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A7916A25FD0C434A" authorityName=", Constantino" authorityYear="1991" box="[411,722,258,284]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Subulitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="constricticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A7916A25FD0C434A" box="[411,722,258,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Subulitermes constricticeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A5066A24FC7B434A" baseAuthorityName="Silvestri" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[780,933,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Subulitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microsoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A5066A24FC7B434A" box="[780,933,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">S. microsoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are much smaller (mean head width ca.
|
||
<quantity id="0F5226D9FFC4BF74A3736A25FF194316" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
). The worker enteric valve of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A41F6A00FD784316" authorityName="Cuezzo & Scheffrahn & Constantino" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Emerson" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[533,678,294,320]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Hyleotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A41F6A00FD784316" box="[533,678,294,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">H. brevipilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is diagnostic and differs those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A2166A00FA424316" authority="(Constantino 1991)" baseAuthorityName="Constantino" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[1052,1436,294,320]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Ereymatermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A2166A00FB634316" box="[1052,1213,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Ereymatermes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC3BF6CDFFC4BF74A2C16A01FA4A4316" author="Constantino, R." box="[1227,1428,294,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref6070" refString="Constantino, R. (1991) Ereymatermes rotundiceps, new genus and species of termite from the Amazon Basin (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitidae). Goeldiana Zoologia, 8, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1991">Constantino 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A6C06A6DFDD64332" authority="(Fontes 1986)" baseAuthorityName="Fontes" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[202,520,330,356]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Subulitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A6C06A6DFE824332" box="[202,348,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Subulitermes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC3BF6CDFFC4BF74A7676A6DFDDE4332" author="Fontes, L. R." box="[365,512,330,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" pagination="475 - 501" refId="ref6247" refString="Fontes, L. R. (1986) Morphology of the worker digestive tube of the soil-feeding nasute termites (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae) from the Neotropical region. Revista brasileira de Zoologia, 3, 475 - 501. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81751986000400002" type="journal article" year="1986">Fontes 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The following worker characters are distinct in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A2356A6CFB0D4332" authorityName="Dudley" authorityYear="1890" box="[1087,1235,331,356]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A2356A6CFB0D4332" box="[1087,1235,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Nasutitermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E1EDEA55FFC4BF74A2D76A6CFAC04333" box="[1245,1310,331,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
: EVA with pointed scales on large and small cushions, with trailing columns of scales toward posterior (
|
||
<figureCitation id="509197B9FFC4BF74A2A56A49FAD943DE" box="[1199,1287,366,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-33@10.[178,1409,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Worker enteric valve armature of A, Hyleotermes brevipilus comb. nov.; B, Nasutermes corniger from Panama (UFTC no. PN379)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7180691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7180691/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
); molar plate narrow, straight, with well-developed ridges; each mandible with a short apical tooth and larger marginal teeth; mixed segment very long; enteric valve unsclerotized, with minute spines. Also, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A2246A90FB1C4386" authorityName="Dudley" authorityYear="1890" box="[1070,1218,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A2246A90FB1C4386" box="[1070,1218,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Nasutitermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female workers are conspicuously larger than male workers. In all genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0FAAF0BFFFC4BF74A51C6AFCFC7443A2" authorityName="Dudley" authorityYear="1890" box="[790,938,475,500]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="FADE572EFFC4BF74A51C6AFCFC7443A2" box="[790,938,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="79">Nasutitermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E1EDEA55FFC4BF74A5BB6AFCFC3043A3" box="[945,1006,475,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="79" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, the worker mandibles have conspicuous molar ridges, and most of them have a long mixed segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |