629 lines
83 KiB
XML
629 lines
83 KiB
XML
<document id="AE3A365811E6D6B2BC34DAAFC17B885D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.195709" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c2c8f51a-8076-4772-9dae-b2cd9469f545" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="195709" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460232258595" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Peña, Álvaro L." docDate="2010" docId="247AF616FF8FFFBCFF16FDB0FB06F81B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02494p044.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2494" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Symplectoscyphus frondosus Peña, 2010, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="D8438E6EFF8EFFB9FF81FF97FFA3FF97" masterDocTitle="On a new Antarctic species of Symplectoscyphus Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Sertulariidae), with an annotated checklist of the Antarctic species of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698239079608" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="E4B08F80C957CFB58AA1C51BA4607ED1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1BDD89508573F4F220EF49CD2F780C32">
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<mods:title id="20A4C0FE70FFF0CA4E3FB6C59B83791C">On a new Antarctic species of Symplectoscyphus Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Sertulariidae), with an annotated checklist of the Antarctic species of the genus</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="61BB4BDA9CB3C272E69105FBDA2A9BCB" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="607690C68F0959E7282C43E25BC29B53">
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<mods:roleTerm id="960EF53362B88A76E66F575AC7824275">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5DD413E02FF5A6F7CC08C44D70B34F02">Peña, Álvaro L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="ABF7B5AACAC1A213FD4EE42ED9C86B56">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="C1184D4AF25B7C7B268FD6167E28BAD9" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6EE0F0183B91D837BAB990CE3153BEEA">
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||
<mods:title id="0FAAAE35F457AD4619DE6E5E082FB039">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="DBB95A78BAFA03AEDFD7FD071402A762">
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||
<mods:date id="8BC62880726ECAC5C9897C042FB8A49A">2010</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="F11F05388FDCFDD1D1F15DB7D4D4B472" type="volume">
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||
<mods:number id="FB8660743A9E9FC75A05E4D566D6C85B">2494</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="F482E951AA3C7796AFEA428869367E1A" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="A088FA6E189AEE27B61FB881B05686B0">29</mods:start>
|
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<mods:end id="5953EE9854AFE64BE0C995F6070A5D8B">44</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="943764171C1FA066EF972D34261276E8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="240EF3CDED035F837A80047E0EA2B0A0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.195709</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AA1AA0C6EBB8D62421295EE285752872" type="GBIF-Dataset">c2c8f51a-8076-4772-9dae-b2cd9469f545</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7850E1BC4258ED18634CF258C7D1B976" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C96E53B0CBDE4E0AFB15D7B4ADCF896E" type="Zenodo-Dep">195709</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="247AF616FF8FFFBCFF16FDB0FB06F81B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5622799" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119387466" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5622799" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:247AF616FF8FFFBCFF16FDB0FB06F81B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/247AF616FF8FFFBCFF16FDB0FB06F81B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<subSubSection id="E4C9148BFF8FFFB8FF16FDB0FE71FDF3" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF16FDB0FDF4FDD6" blockId="1.[151,599,551,612]" box="[151,599,551,577]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<heading id="F724F06CFF8FFFB8FF16FDB0FDF4FDD6" bold="true" box="[151,599,551,577]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8FFFB8FF16FDB0FDF4FDD6" bold="true" box="[151,599,551,577]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8FFFB8FF16FDB0FE50FDD6" box="[151,499,551,577]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8FFFB8FF16FDB0FE50FDD6" bold="true" box="[151,499,551,577]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Symplectoscyphus frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8FFFB8FE7BFDB0FDF4FDD6" box="[506,599,551,577]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF16FDDDFE71FDF3" blockId="1.[151,599,551,612]" box="[151,466,586,612]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8FFFB8FF1EFDDDFEA9FDF3" box="[159,266,586,612]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Figures 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C, 2,
|
||
<tableCitation id="E15172BBFF8FFFB8FEF3FDDDFE69FDF3" box="[370,458,586,612]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,239,1127,1151]" captionTargetBox="[151,1191,1178,1969]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements in Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (in μm)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F8AC1788FF8AFFBDFF16FBF0FC19FB15" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="F8AC1788FF8AFFBDFF16FBF0FC19FB15">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E4C9148BFF8FFFB8FF16FD02FDE0FC4D" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF16FD02FE50FCFD" blockId="1.[151,1437,661,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8FFFB8FE05FD02FE72FD38" bold="true" box="[388,465,661,687]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Stn 82</emphasis>
|
||
, two complete stems 165 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="CAC2DFC5FF8FFFB8FC90FD02FCC3FD38" box="[785,864,661,687]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">NIWA</collectionCode>
|
||
60488) and
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FC74FD02FBEAFD38" box="[1013,1097,661,687]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
|
||
high (
|
||
<collectionCode id="CAC2DFC5FF8FFFB8FB14FD02FB4CFD38" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" box="[1173,1263,661,687]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">MNCN</collectionCode>
|
||
2.03/437), the latter with immature male gonothecae;
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8FFFB8FD03FD2DFCB6FD43" bold="true" box="[642,789,698,724]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Stn 102 VV</emphasis>
|
||
, one fragment c.
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FC73FD2DFB9AFD43" box="[1010,1081,698,724]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, with immature female gonothecae (
|
||
<collectionCode id="CAC2DFC5FF8FFFB8FEADFD77FED8FD6D" box="[300,379,736,762]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">NIWA</collectionCode>
|
||
60489);
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8FFFB8FE66FD48FDE7FD6E" bold="true" box="[487,580,735,761]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Stn 103</emphasis>
|
||
, three stems 85, 40 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="CAC2DFC5FF8FFFB8FCBDFD77FC28FD6D" box="[828,907,736,762]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">NIWA</collectionCode>
|
||
60490) and
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FBA1FD77FBD7FD6D" box="[1056,1140,736,762]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
high (
|
||
<collectionCode id="CAC2DFC5FF8FFFB8FB41FD77FAB9FD6D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" box="[1216,1306,736,762]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">MNCN</collectionCode>
|
||
2.03/438);
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8FFFB8FF16FC92FF57FC88" bold="true" box="[151,244,773,799]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Stn 108</emphasis>
|
||
, one branched stem c.
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FD86FC92FDCAFC88" box="[519,617,773,799]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, with male gonothecae (
|
||
<typeStatus id="7368F9A2FF8FFFB8FC48FC92FB96FC88" box="[969,1077,773,799]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="CAC2DFC5FF8FFFB8FBC3FC92FB2CFC88" box="[1090,1167,773,799]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">NIWA</collectionCode>
|
||
60491), 16S sequence
|
||
<accessionNumber id="B380DAE3FF8FFFB8FF16FCBDFE87FCD3" box="[151,292,810,836]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FN424151" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">FN424151</accessionNumber>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8FFFB8FEB3FCBDFE01FCD3" bold="true" box="[306,418,810,836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Stn 171,</emphasis>
|
||
two stems 100 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="CAC2DFC5FF8FFFB8FDF8FCBDFD6DFCD3" box="[633,718,810,836]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">NIWA</collectionCode>
|
||
60492) and
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FCF5FCBDFC6EFCD3" box="[884,973,810,836]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="95.0">95 mm</quantity>
|
||
high (
|
||
<collectionCode id="CAC2DFC5FF8FFFB8FBA3FCBDFB21FCD3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" box="[1058,1154,810,836]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">MNCN</collectionCode>
|
||
2.03/439), with male gonothecae, on mollusc shell.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF45FCE2FDE0FC4D" blockId="1.[151,1437,661,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8FFFB8FF45FCE2FE2FFC18" bold="true" box="[196,396,885,911]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Other material.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8FFFB8FE15FCE2FC03FC18" authority="Billard, 1914" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1914" box="[404,928,885,911]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8FFFB8FE15FCE2FD43FC19" box="[404,736,885,910]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Symplectoscyphus liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C8423AF1FF8FFFB8FD70FCE2FC34FC18" author="Billard" box="[753,919,885,911]" pageId="1" pageNumber="42" refString="Billard, A. (1914) Hydroides. In: Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise (1908 - 1910), commandee par le Dr Jean Charcot, Paris, 34 pp." type="book chapter" year="1914">Billard, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Spanish
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D4C40790FF8FFFB8FB92FCE2FB21FC18" box="[1043,1154,885,911]" name="Antarctica" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
|
||
Expedition Bentart 95,
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8FFFB8FF16FC0DFF4AFC23" bold="true" box="[151,233,922,948]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Stn 5A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="D86D61C0FF8FFFB8FF79FC0DFED2FC23" box="[248,369,922,948]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" value="1995-01-23">23–01–95</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C9E721C7FF8FFFB8FEFDFC0DFDBEFC23" box="[380,541,922,948]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" precision="1" value="-62.69476">62º41.6855' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C9E721C7FF8FFFB8FDA5FC0DFD71FC23" box="[548,722,922,948]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" precision="1" value="-60.530327">60º31.8195' W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(south of Livingston
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D4C40790FF8FFFB8FC4CFC0DFBB4FC23" box="[973,1047,922,948]" name="Iceland" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D4C40790FF8FFFB8FB19FC0DFAFFFC23" box="[1176,1372,922,948]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Shetland Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FAF1FC0DFF12FC4D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.56" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="256.0">256 m</quantity>
|
||
, twelve stems up to
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FE1FFC57FDA3FC4D" box="[414,512,960,986]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="185.0">185 mm</quantity>
|
||
high.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E4C9148BFF8FFFBDFF47FC72FC63FDDB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF47FC72FE17FB03" blockId="1.[151,1437,661,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8FFFB8FF47FC72FEF4FC68" bold="true" box="[198,343,997,1023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Description</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="7368F9A2FF8FFFB8FEEDFC72FE43FC68" box="[364,480,997,1023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
): Erect, main stem strongly sinuous, giving rise to primary branches spirally arranged, with a complete whorl every five branches. Roughly all branches of similar development, which gives the colony a bottlebrush appearance (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8FFFB8FD1EFBA7FD41FBDD" box="[671,738,1072,1098]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Stem completely and strongly polysiphonic. Branches also with well-developed polysiphony, but becoming monosiphonic distally. Usually only most distal part of branches monosiphonic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF45FB37FD58FA93" blockId="1.[151,1437,661,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Stem branched (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8FFFB8FE04FB37FE6BFB2D" box="[389,456,1184,1210]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A), giving rise to two secondary stems at c. 80 and
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FBB5FB37FB36FB2D" box="[1076,1173,1184,1210]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, 80 and
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FABBFB37FA3FFB2D" box="[1338,1436,1184,1210]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, respectively. The latter, in turn, forming a third-order stem c.
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FB81FB52FBFBFB48" box="[1024,1112,1221,1247]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Lower-order stems originating from much developed primary branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF45FA87FD9AFA28" blockId="1.[151,1437,661,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Rhizoidal hydrorhiza composed of relatively thin stolons, some attached to gravel (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8FFFB8FB2BFA87FB4EFABD" box="[1194,1261,1296,1322]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Basalmost part of stem, however, forms a disc-shaped hydrorhiza, clearly indicating original settlement on hard substrate (e.g. pebbles, gravel). First
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FE6FFACDFDE7FAE3" box="[494,580,1370,1396]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
|
||
of main stem were clearly buried in sediment, as there are numerous rhizoidal stolons, some attached to gravel, and there are either no branches at all basally or just the proximal part of them at distal part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8FFFB8FE4FFA32FDB3FA28" box="[462,528,1445,1471]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF45FA5DFABFF9B8" blockId="1.[151,1437,661,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Branching much developed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8FFFB8FDABFA5DFDD2FA73" box="[554,625,1482,1508]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A, B), though all branches of similar development, resulting in a bottlebrush-shaped habit. Branching alternate in two planes, occurring always on the upper side of branches and taking place every 4–7 hydrothecae. Primary branches with distinct unbranched proximal part.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF45F9ADFBCCF9ED" blockId="1.[151,1437,661,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Primary branch giving rise to four secondary branches alternately arranged in two planes. They all originate at the upper side of primary branch, at the base of alternating hydrothecae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF45F912FAB4F898" blockId="1.[151,1437,661,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">First secondary branch forming four third-order branches. Of these, the first branch forms three fourthorder branches; the first of these originates in turn two fifth-order branches; finally, the first fifth-order branch gives rise to one sixth-order one. Second third-order branch giving rise to two fourth-order branches; of these, the first forms one fifth-order branch. Third third-order branch giving rise to one fourth-order one.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF45F88DFA37F8E8" blockId="1.[151,1437,661,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">The second secondary branch gives rise to three third-order branches. Of these, the first one originates three fourth-order branches. The first of these form two fifth-order branches and, in turn, the first of these gives rise to one sixth-order branch. The second fourth-order branch also gives rise to one fifth-order branch.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8FFFB8FF45F81DFC14F85D" blockId="1.[151,1437,661,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Finally, the third and fourth secondary branches give rise to two and one third-order branches, respectively. All this branching occurs in just
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8FFFB8FD2EF827FCA1F85D" box="[687,770,1968,1994]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8FFFB8FCCCF827FC33F85D" box="[845,912,1968,1994]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="F8AC1788FF8CFFBBFF16F8CDFD16F826" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8CFFBBFF16F8CDFD16F826" blockId="2.[151,1436,1882,1969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8CFFBBFF16F8CDFEB9F8E5" bold="true" box="[151,282,1882,1906]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8CFFBBFEA3F8CDFDF6F8E6" box="[290,597,1882,1905]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8CFFBBFEA3F8CDFDF6F8E6" box="[290,597,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Symplectoscyphus frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8CFFBBFDDDF8CDFD10F8E5" box="[604,691,1882,1906]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8CFFBBFDDDF8CDFD10F8E5" bold="true" box="[604,691,1882,1906]" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8CFFBBFEA7F8EDFD5FF806" authority="Billard, 1914" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1914" box="[294,764,1914,1937]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="2" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8CFFBBFEA7F8EDFE49F806" box="[294,490,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">Symplectoscyphus</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8CFFBBFE70F8EDFDF2F806" box="[497,593,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="31">liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
(Billard, 1914)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (D) Colony from Stn 5A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="F8AC1788FF8DFFBAFF16F8FDFBBBF876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195711/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[206,1342,182,1853]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8DFFBAFF16F8FDFBBBF876" blockId="3.[151,1437,1898,2017]" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8DFFBAFF16F8FDFEBCF815" bold="true" box="[151,287,1898,1922]" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8DFFBAFEA7F8FDFDC7F816" box="[294,612,1898,1921]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8DFFBAFEA7F8FDFDC7F816" box="[294,612,1898,1921]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">Symplectoscyphus frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8DFFBAFDEDF8FDFD65F815" box="[620,710,1898,1922]" pageId="3" pageNumber="32" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8DFFBAFDEDF8FDFD65F815" bold="true" box="[620,710,1898,1922]" pageId="3" pageNumber="32">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(A) Branching and hydrothecal arrangement; (B) Branching and hydrothecae; (C) hydrothecae from basal part of branch; (D, E) hydrothecae from distal part of branch; (F) male gonotheca; (G) immature female gonotheca (A, C, E, F from Holotype; B, D from Stn 82; G from Stn 102VV). Scale bar: 350 µm (A, F, G), 250 µm (B–E). (Note: striation of gonothecal walls not depicted).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8AFFBDFF45FF0FFA31FE05" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,663]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Branches and stems divided into short internodes by alternating oblique nodes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8AFFBDFBF6FF0FFB1DFF25" box="[1143,1214,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[206,1342,182,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1423,166,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Branching and hydrothecal arrangement; (B) Branching and hydrothecae; (C) hydrothecae from basal part of branch; (D, E) hydrothecae from distal part of branch; (F) male gonotheca; (G) immature female gonotheca (A, C, E, F from Holotype; B, D from Stn 82; G from Stn 102 VV). Scale bar: 350 µm (A, F, G), 250 µm (B – E). (Note: striation of gonothecal walls not depicted)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195711/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A–E). Diameter of internodes and perisarc development decreasing distally along the branch. One hydrotheca per internode. Hydrothecae alternately arranged in approximately one plane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8AFFBDFCF0FF75FC14FF6B" box="[881,951,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[206,1342,182,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1423,166,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Branching and hydrothecal arrangement; (B) Branching and hydrothecae; (C) hydrothecae from basal part of branch; (D, E) hydrothecae from distal part of branch; (F) male gonotheca; (G) immature female gonotheca (A, C, E, F from Holotype; B, D from Stn 82; G from Stn 102 VV). Scale bar: 350 µm (A, F, G), 250 µm (B – E). (Note: striation of gonothecal walls not depicted)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195711/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C, D). Hydrotheca straight or just slightly abcaudally directed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8AFFBDFE0AFE9FFE73FEB5" box="[395,464,264,290]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[206,1342,182,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1423,166,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Branching and hydrothecal arrangement; (B) Branching and hydrothecae; (C) hydrothecae from basal part of branch; (D, E) hydrothecae from distal part of branch; (F) male gonotheca; (G) immature female gonotheca (A, C, E, F from Holotype; B, D from Stn 82; G from Stn 102 VV). Scale bar: 350 µm (A, F, G), 250 µm (B – E). (Note: striation of gonothecal walls not depicted)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195711/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A–E). Adcauline wall adnate to internode in approximately half its length; free part of adcauline wall approximately straight (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8AFFBDFD0DFEBAFD77FED0" box="[652,724,301,327]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[206,1342,182,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1423,166,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Branching and hydrothecal arrangement; (B) Branching and hydrothecae; (C) hydrothecae from basal part of branch; (D, E) hydrothecae from distal part of branch; (F) male gonotheca; (G) immature female gonotheca (A, C, E, F from Holotype; B, D from Stn 82; G from Stn 102 VV). Scale bar: 350 µm (A, F, G), 250 µm (B – E). (Note: striation of gonothecal walls not depicted)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195711/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A–E). Abcauline wall roughly straight. Hydrotheca with an oblique ring of desmocytes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8AFFBDFD82FEC5FDF2FEFB" box="[515,593,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[206,1342,182,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1423,166,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Branching and hydrothecal arrangement; (B) Branching and hydrothecae; (C) hydrothecae from basal part of branch; (D, E) hydrothecae from distal part of branch; (F) male gonotheca; (G) immature female gonotheca (A, C, E, F from Holotype; B, D from Stn 82; G from Stn 102 VV). Scale bar: 350 µm (A, F, G), 250 µm (B – E). (Note: striation of gonothecal walls not depicted)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195711/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B, D). Hydrothecal diameter at aperture provided with three cusps separated by deep embayments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8AFFBDFD95FEEFFDF9FE05" box="[532,602,376,402]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[206,1342,182,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1423,166,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Branching and hydrothecal arrangement; (B) Branching and hydrothecae; (C) hydrothecae from basal part of branch; (D, E) hydrothecae from distal part of branch; (F) male gonotheca; (G) immature female gonotheca (A, C, E, F from Holotype; B, D from Stn 82; G from Stn 102 VV). Scale bar: 350 µm (A, F, G), 250 µm (B – E). (Note: striation of gonothecal walls not depicted)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195711/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A–E). Rim of hydrothecal aperture sometimes with a few renovations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8AFFBDFF47FE0AFC63FDDB" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,663]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Gonothecae partially resting on branches, very long and with completely and strongly transversally striated walls.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D4C40790FF8AFFBDFEC6FE55FE26FE4B" box="[327,389,450,476]" name="Malta" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
gonothecae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8AFFBDFDA7FE55FDCDFE4B" box="[550,622,450,476]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[206,1342,182,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1423,166,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Branching and hydrothecal arrangement; (B) Branching and hydrothecae; (C) hydrothecae from basal part of branch; (D, E) hydrothecae from distal part of branch; (F) male gonotheca; (G) immature female gonotheca (A, C, E, F from Holotype; B, D from Stn 82; G from Stn 102 VV). Scale bar: 350 µm (A, F, G), 250 µm (B – E). (Note: striation of gonothecal walls not depicted)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195711/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
F) complete, long and thin, roughly of similar diameter throughout, except for the tapering most basal part. Diameter at distal end sharply reduced, ending with a short and wide distal neck (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8AFFBDFEA6FD9AFECCFDB0" box="[295,367,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[206,1342,182,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1423,166,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Branching and hydrothecal arrangement; (B) Branching and hydrothecae; (C) hydrothecae from basal part of branch; (D, E) hydrothecae from distal part of branch; (F) male gonotheca; (G) immature female gonotheca (A, C, E, F from Holotype; B, D from Stn 82; G from Stn 102 VV). Scale bar: 350 µm (A, F, G), 250 µm (B – E). (Note: striation of gonothecal walls not depicted)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195711/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
F). Female gonothecae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8AFFBDFD0FFD9AFD76FDB0" box="[654,725,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[206,1342,182,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[173,1423,166,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Branching and hydrothecal arrangement; (B) Branching and hydrothecae; (C) hydrothecae from basal part of branch; (D, E) hydrothecae from distal part of branch; (F) male gonotheca; (G) immature female gonotheca (A, C, E, F from Holotype; B, D from Stn 82; G from Stn 102 VV). Scale bar: 350 µm (A, F, G), 250 µm (B – E). (Note: striation of gonothecal walls not depicted)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195711/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
G) incomplete, also fusiform, basally tapering, and abruptly ending distally. Diameter much greater than that of male gonothecae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E4C9148BFF8AFFBCFF45FDC0FD11FF6B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8AFFBDFF45FDC0FDBEFD00" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,663]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8AFFBDFF45FDC0FE9EFDE6" bold="true" box="[196,317,599,625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Although the stem is branched in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="7368F9A2FF8AFFBDFD7BFDCFFCC7FDE5" box="[762,868,600,626]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, stems are unbranched in the remaining colonies available for study (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8AFFBDFE32FDEAFE56FD00" box="[435,501,637,663]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="F8AC1788FF8AFFBDFF16FD70FE92FC88" ID-Table-UUID="F8AC1788FF8AFFBDFF16FD70FE92FC88" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F8AC1788FF8AFFBDFF16FD70FE92FC88" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[151,1436,826,1063]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8AFFBDFF16FD70FE92FC88" blockId="4.[151,1436,743,799]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8AFFBDFF16FD70FEAFFD68" bold="true" box="[151,268,743,767]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Sampling stations and their characteristics (VV indicates Van Veen grab, otherwise samples collected with Agassiz trawl)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8AFFBDFF1CFCADFACBFBB0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<table id="DED3B5A0FF8A0046FF16FCADFA3FFBB0" box="[151,1436,826,1063]" gridcols="6" gridrows="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FCADFA3FFCC6" box="[151,1436,826,849]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16FCADFF4EFCC6" box="[151,237,826,849]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Sample</th>
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FEA2FCADFE0AFCC6" box="[291,425,826,849]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Date</th>
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FE62FCADFD71FCC6" box="[483,722,826,849]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Latitude (S)</th>
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FC8DFCADFBB4FCC6" box="[780,1047,826,849]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Longitude (E)</th>
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FBE0FCADFB7CFCC6" box="[1121,1247,826,849]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Locality</th>
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FA8AFCADFA3FFCC6" box="[1291,1436,826,849]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Depth (m)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FCF2FA3FFCEB" box="[151,1436,869,892]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16FCF2FF4EFCEB" box="[151,237,869,892]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">82</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FEA2FCF2FE0AFCEB" box="[291,425,869,892]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">14–02–2004</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FE62FCF2FD71FCEB" box="[483,722,869,892]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">72º03’63’’–72º03’89’’</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FC8DFCF2FBB4FCEB" box="[780,1047,869,892]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">172º54’23’’–172º54’77’’</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FBE0FCF2FB7CFCEB" box="[1121,1247,869,892]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Cape Hallet</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FA8AFCF2FA3FFCEB" box="[1291,1436,869,892]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">525–527</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FC07FA3FFC46" box="[151,1436,912,977]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16FC07FF4EFC46" box="[151,237,912,977]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">102VV 103</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FEA2FC07FE0AFC46" box="[291,425,912,977]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">18–02–2004 18–02–2004</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FE62FC07FD71FC46" box="[483,722,912,977]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">71º15’21’’ 71º14’36’’–71º14’76’’</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FC8DFC07FBB4FC46" box="[780,1047,912,977]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">170º44’21’’ 170º42’43’’–170º42’46’’</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FBE0FC07FB7CFC46" box="[1121,1247,912,977]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Cape Adare Cape Adare</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FA8AFC07FA3FFC46" box="[1291,1436,912,977]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">536 546–555</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FC72FA3FFC6B" box="[151,1436,997,1020]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16FC72FF4EFC6B" box="[151,237,997,1020]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">108</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FEA2FC72FE0AFC6B" box="[291,425,997,1020]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">18–02–2004</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FE62FC72FD71FC6B" box="[483,722,997,1020]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">71º16’31’’–71º16’64’’</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FC8DFC72FBB4FC6B" box="[780,1047,997,1020]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">170º35’98’’–170º36’91’’</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FBE0FC72FB7CFC6B" box="[1121,1247,997,1020]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Cape Adare</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FA8AFC72FA3FFC6B" box="[1291,1436,997,1020]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">400–405</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FB87FA3FFBB0" box="[151,1436,1040,1063]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16FB87FF4EFBB0" box="[151,237,1040,1063]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">171</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FEA2FB87FE0AFBB0" box="[291,425,1040,1063]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">27–02–2004</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FE62FB87FD71FBB0" box="[483,722,1040,1063]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">71º29’25’’</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FC8DFB87FBB4FBB0" box="[780,1047,1040,1063]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">171º51’74’’–171º51’04’’</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FBE0FB87FB7CFBB0" box="[1121,1247,1040,1063]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Cape Adare</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FA8AFB87FA3FFBB0" box="[1291,1436,1040,1063]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">561–564</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="F8AC1788FF8AFFBDFF16FBF0FC19FB15" ID-Table-UUID="F8AC1788FF8AFFBDFF16FBF0FC19FB15" box="[151,954,1127,1154]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F8AC1788FF8AFFBDFF16FBF0FC19FB15" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[151,1191,1178,1969]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8AFFBDFF16FBF0FC19FB15" blockId="4.[151,954,1127,1154]" box="[151,954,1127,1154]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8AFFBDFF16FBF0FEABFBE8" bold="true" box="[151,264,1127,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8AFFBDFE4FFBFFFD5DFBE8" box="[462,766,1128,1151]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8AFFBDFE4FFBFFFD5DFBE8" box="[462,766,1128,1151]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Symplectoscyphus frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8AFFBDFC84FBF0FCF8FBE8" box="[773,859,1127,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8AFFBDFC84FBF0FCF8FBE8" bold="true" box="[773,859,1127,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(in μm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8AFFBDFDF8FB0DFD75F826" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<table id="DED3B5A0FF8A0046FF16FB0DFB04F826" box="[151,1191,1178,1969]" gridcols="3" gridrows="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FB0DFB04FB26" box="[151,1191,1178,1201]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FDF8FB0DFD52FB26" box="[633,753,1178,1201]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Range</th>
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FC5CFB0DFB04FB26" box="[989,1191,1178,1201]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Mean ± SD (n=10)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FB52FB04FB4B" box="[151,1191,1221,1244]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16FB52FDB8FB4B" box="[151,539,1221,1244]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Hydrothecae</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FB67FB04FAA6" box="[151,1191,1264,1329]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16FB67FDB8FAA6" box="[151,539,1264,1329]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">length abcauline wall length free part of adcauline wall</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FDF8FB67FD52FAA6" box="[633,753,1264,1329]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">380–425 185–245</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FC5CFB67FB04FAA6" box="[989,1191,1264,1329]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">402.5±14.7 220±23.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FAD2FB04FACB" box="[151,1191,1349,1372]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16FAD2FDB8FACB" box="[151,539,1349,1372]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">length adnate part of adcauline wall</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FDF8FAD2FD52FACB" box="[633,753,1349,1372]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">220–260</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FC5CFAD2FB04FACB" box="[989,1191,1349,1372]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">240.5±14.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FAE7FB04FA26" box="[151,1191,1392,1457]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16FAE7FDB8FA26" box="[151,539,1392,1457]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">ratio adnate/free part length adcauline wall</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FDF8FAE7FD52FA26" box="[633,753,1392,1457]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">0.90–1.32 425–495</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FC5CFAE7FB04FA26" box="[989,1191,1392,1457]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">1.1±0.15 461.5±22.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FA52FB04FA4B" box="[151,1191,1477,1500]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16FA52FDB8FA4B" box="[151,539,1477,1500]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">maximal diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FDF8FA52FD52FA4B" box="[633,753,1477,1500]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">170–220</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FC5CFA52FB04FA4B" box="[989,1191,1477,1500]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">183±16.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16FA67FB04F9A6" box="[151,1191,1520,1585]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16FA67FDB8F9A6" box="[151,539,1520,1585]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">diameter at aperture diameter at diaphragm</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FDF8FA67FD52F9A6" box="[633,753,1520,1585]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">140–155 100–150</td>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FC5CFA67FB04F9A6" box="[989,1191,1520,1585]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">149±5.2 123.5±11.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16F9D2FB04F9CB" box="[151,1191,1605,1628]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16F9D2FDB8F9CB" box="[151,539,1605,1628]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Gonothecae</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16F9E7FB04F926" box="[151,1191,1648,1713]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16F9E7FDB8F926" box="[151,539,1648,1713]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Male gonothecae length</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FDF8F9E7FD52F926" box="[633,753,1648,1713]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">1800–2250</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16F952FB04F94B" box="[151,1191,1733,1756]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16F952FDB8F94B" box="[151,539,1733,1756]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">maximal diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FDF8F952FD52F94B" box="[633,753,1733,1756]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">300–375</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16F967FB04F8A6" box="[151,1191,1776,1841]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16F967FDB8F8A6" box="[151,539,1776,1841]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">length of neck diameter at aperture</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FDF8F967FD52F8A6" box="[633,753,1776,1841]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">70 110–140</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16F8D2FB04F8CB" box="[151,1191,1861,1884]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16F8D2FDB8F8CB" box="[151,539,1861,1884]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Female gonothecae</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="12E34542FF8A0046FF16F8E7FB04F826" box="[151,1191,1904,1969]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="51322C3EFF8A0046FF16F8E7FDB8F826" box="[151,539,1904,1969]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">length maximal diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="51322C3EFF8A0046FDF8F8E7FD52F826" box="[633,753,1904,1969]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Up to 1500 400–520</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF45FF0FFD11FF6B" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
The branching pattern described for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="7368F9A2FF8BFFBCFD46FF0FFC96FF25" box="[711,821,152,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is similar to that found in the colonies from the remaining material (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8BFFBCFE3EFF2AFDA0FF40" box="[447,515,189,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C). The general structure of branching calls to mind that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFB57FF2AFF52FF6C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Antarctoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFB57FF2AFF52FF6C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Antarctoscyphus grandis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(fig. 7C in Peña Cantero
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFD9DFF75FDF4FF6C" box="[540,599,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1999).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E4C9148BFF8BFFBCFF45FE9FFE15FDDB" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF45FE9FFAC5FEFB" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFF45FE9FFD83FEB6" box="[196,544,264,289]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFF45FE9FFD83FEB6" box="[196,544,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Symplectoscyphus frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFDA8FE90FD28FEB6" box="[553,651,263,289]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFDA8FE90FD28FEB6" bold="true" box="[553,651,263,289]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
appears to be allied to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFC2DFE9FFB59FEB5" authority="Billard, 1914" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1914" box="[940,1274,264,290]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFC2DFE9FFB9BFEB6" box="[940,1080,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C8423AF1FF8BFFBCFBC8FE9FFB52FEB5" author="Billard" box="[1097,1265,264,290]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" refString="Billard, A. (1914) Hydroides. In: Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise (1908 - 1910), commandee par le Dr Jean Charcot, Paris, 34 pp." type="book chapter" year="1914">Billard, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as they both possess erect, polysiphonic stems giving rise to spirally arranged primary branches. They also agree in the general shape of the hydrothecae. However, they are clearly distinguishable by a series of characteristics.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF45FEEFFE15FDDB" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
First, they differ in the general habit of the colonies. Even though they both have erect, polysiphonic stems with spirally arranged primary branches, the appearance is completely different (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8BFFBCFBD3FE0AFB3BFE20" box="[1106,1176,413,439]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D4C40790FF8BFFBCFB33FE0AFB70FE20" box="[1202,1235,413,439]" name="American Samoa" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
indicated above,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFF16FE55FE85FE4C" box="[151,294,450,475]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFF16FE55FE85FE4C" box="[151,294,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFEAFFE55FE2FFE4B" box="[302,396,450,476]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFEAFFE55FE2FFE4B" bold="true" box="[302,396,450,476]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has strongly rigid, very densely branched, bottlebrush stems with all branches of similar development (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8BFFBCFEC3FE7FFE25FD95" box="[322,390,488,514]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A, C). By contrast, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFD17FE7FFCBCFD96" box="[662,799,488,513]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFD17FE7FFCBCFD96" box="[662,799,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the stems are droopy (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8BFFBCFBB2FE7FFBD4FD95" box="[1075,1143,488,514]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D and Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8BFFBCFA82FE7FFAE2FD95" box="[1283,1345,488,514]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="14.0">14 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C8423AF1FF8BFFBCFAC8FE7FFF75FDB0" author="Billard" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" refString="Billard, A. (1914) Hydroides. In: Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise (1908 - 1910), commandee par le Dr Jean Charcot, Paris, 34 pp." type="book chapter" year="1914">Billard 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), they are decidedly less branched and with branches of an uneven development, in particular becoming more developed distally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E4C9148BFF8BFFBCFF45FDCFFBBEF8F0" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF45FDCFFA3FFC90" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
The degree of polysiphonic development is also different. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFC45FDCFFBFCFDE6" box="[964,1119,600,625]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFC45FDCFFBFCFDE6" box="[964,1119,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFBE6FDC0FB68FDE6" box="[1127,1227,599,625]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFBE6FDC0FB68FDE6" bold="true" box="[1127,1227,599,625]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
the polysiphony practically extends all over the colony (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8BFFBCFDE0FDEAFD01FD00" box="[609,674,637,663]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A, C), whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFCF9FDEAFC5EFD01" box="[888,1021,637,662]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFCF9FDEAFC5EFD01" box="[888,1021,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it distinctly decreases distally, with an important monosiphonic distal part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8BFFBCFDFCFD35FD60FD2B" box="[637,707,674,700]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D and fig.
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8BFFBCFCCCFD35FC2FFD2B" box="[845,908,674,700]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="14.0">14 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C8423AF1FF8BFFBCFC15FD35FB97FD2B" author="Billard" box="[916,1076,674,700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" refString="Billard, A. (1914) Hydroides. In: Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise (1908 - 1910), commandee par le Dr Jean Charcot, Paris, 34 pp." type="book chapter" year="1914">Billard 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFBEDFD35FAA7FD2C" box="[1132,1284,674,699]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFBEDFD35FAA7FD2C" box="[1132,1284,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFA8DFD35FACDFD2B" box="[1292,1390,674,700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFA8DFD35FACDFD2B" bold="true" box="[1292,1390,674,700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
the branch polysiphony is similar throughout the colony (
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8BFFBCFCA8FD5FFCCDFD75" box="[809,878,712,738]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A, C), whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFBD3FD5FFB7DFD76" box="[1106,1246,712,737]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFBD3FD5FFB7DFD76" box="[1106,1246,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there are many monosiphonic unbranched primary branches, whereas the most-developed branches have greater polysiphony.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF45FC85FC6DFCE0" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D4C40790FF8BFFBCFF45FC85FF46FCBB" box="[196,229,786,812]" name="American Samoa" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
indicated above, both species have the primary branches arranged in a spiral pattern, but the branches are much more densely packed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFDA9FCAFFD1BFCC6" box="[552,696,824,849]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFDA9FCAFFD1BFCC6" box="[552,696,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFD41FCA0FCBDFCC6" box="[704,798,823,849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFD41FCA0FCBDFCC6" bold="true" box="[704,798,823,849]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFCFFFCAFFBA0FCC6" box="[894,1027,824,849]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFCFFFCAFFBA0FCC6" box="[894,1027,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the former a whorl is complete in ca.
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8BFFBCFF5CFCCAFE81FCE0" box="[221,290,861,887]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8BFFBCFEB0FCCAFED0FCE0" box="[305,371,861,887]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A, C), whereas in the latter in ca.
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8BFFBCFC80FCCAFCF7FCE0" box="[769,852,861,887]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8BFFBCFCE2FCCAFC06FCE0" box="[867,933,861,887]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF45FC15FC85FBC0" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Both species also agree in frequent branching, but differ in branching structure. The branches giving rise to lower-order ones are straight in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFDBBFC3FFD6DFC56" box="[570,718,936,961]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFDBBFC3FFD6DFC56" box="[570,718,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFD56FC30FC94FC56" box="[727,823,935,961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFD56FC30FC94FC56" bold="true" box="[727,823,935,961]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="34E85B85FF8BFFBCFCC8FC3FFC2DFC55" box="[841,910,936,962]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,197,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,197,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Symplectoscyphus frondosus sp. nov. (A) Habit of the holotype; (B) branch from the holotype; (C) colony from Stn 82. Symplectoscyphus liouvillei (Billard, 1914). (D) Colony from Stn 5 A of the Spanish Antarctic Expedition Bentart 95. Scale bar: 2 cm (A, C, D), 500 µm (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195710/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B), but distinctly sinuous in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFB68FC3FFAD0FC56" box="[1257,1395,936,961]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFB68FC3FFAD0FC56" box="[1257,1395,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In Billard’s species, those branches strongly arch to the opposite direction of the lower-order ones (fig. 9B in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C8423AF1FF8BFFBCFF16FC65FE6FFB9B" author="Pena" box="[151,460,1010,1036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. & Vervoort, W. (2002) Species of Symplectoscyphus Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Sertulariidae) from recent Antarctic expeditions with R. V. Polarstern, with the description of four new species. Journal of Natural History, 36, 1509 - 1568." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Peña Cantero
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFEC5FC65FED9FB9C" box="[324,378,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), giving them the twisting aspect. In addition, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFBAAFC65FB14FB9C" box="[1067,1207,1010,1035]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFBAAFC65FB14FB9C" box="[1067,1207,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there is a variable development of the branches, some of them becoming much more developed, particularly distally, whereas they are of similar development in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFDB0FBAAFD62FBC1" box="[561,705,1085,1110]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFDB0FBAAFD62FBC1" box="[561,705,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFD49FBAAFC85FBC0" box="[712,806,1085,1111]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFD49FBAAFC85FBC0" bold="true" box="[712,806,1085,1111]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF45FBF5FE6AFA85" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Although the general shape of the hydrotheca seems similar in both species, detailed comparison shows that the hydrothecae are smaller in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFDBDFB1FFD6DFB36" box="[572,718,1160,1185]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFDBDFB1FFD6DFB36" box="[572,718,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFD57FB10FC95FB36" box="[726,822,1159,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFD57FB10FC95FB36" bold="true" box="[726,822,1159,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, particularly in relation to the adcauline length, the adnate part of which is clearly smaller (table
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8BFFBCFD30FB3AFD7CFB50" box="[689,735,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="9.0">9 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C8423AF1FF8BFFBCFD66FB3AFBB2FB50" author="Pena" box="[743,1041,1197,1223]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. & Vervoort, W. (2002) Species of Symplectoscyphus Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Sertulariidae) from recent Antarctic expeditions with R. V. Polarstern, with the description of four new species. Journal of Natural History, 36, 1509 - 1568." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Peña Cantero
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFC0CFB3AFC61FB51" box="[909,962,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The diameter at aperture is also smaller. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFE9DFB44FE00FB7B" box="[284,419,1235,1260]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFE9DFB44FE00FB7B" box="[284,419,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the adnate proportion of the adcauline hydrothecal wall is distinctly larger (table
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8BFFBCFAEFFB45FA3FFB7B" box="[1390,1436,1234,1260]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" unit="in" value="9.0">9 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C8423AF1FF8BFFBCFF16FB6FFE1EFA85" author="Pena" box="[151,445,1272,1298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. & Vervoort, W. (2002) Species of Symplectoscyphus Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Sertulariidae) from recent Antarctic expeditions with R. V. Polarstern, with the description of four new species. Journal of Natural History, 36, 1509 - 1568." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Peña Cantero
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFEBAFB6FFECCFA86" box="[315,367,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF45FA8AFCE2FACB" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
The hydrothecal internodes in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFDA8FA8AFD1BFAA1" box="[553,696,1309,1334]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFDA8FA8AFD1BFAA1" box="[553,696,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFD41FA8AFCBDFAA0" box="[704,798,1309,1335]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFD41FA8AFCBDFAA0" bold="true" box="[704,798,1309,1335]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
invariably lack the basal constriction at the side of the hydrotheca described in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFE37FAD4FD98FACB" box="[438,571,1347,1372]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFE37FAD4FD98FACB" box="[438,571,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Billard’s “bourrelet).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF45FAFFFCF9F9AB" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Finally, there are also important differences in the structure of the gonothecae, particularly the male ones, which have completely striated walls in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFDEAFA1AFD59FA31" box="[619,762,1421,1446]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFDEAFA1AFD59FA31" box="[619,762,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFC80FA1AFCFDFA30" box="[769,862,1421,1447]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFC80FA1AFCFDFA30" bold="true" box="[769,862,1421,1447]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
but smooth ones in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFBC6FA1AFB6FFA31" box="[1095,1228,1421,1446]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFBC6FA1AFB6FFA31" box="[1095,1228,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, in the latter the male gonothecae are much longer. On the other hand, though the structure of the female gonothecae is insufficiently known in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFE4DFA4FFDF8FA66" box="[460,603,1496,1521]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFE4DFA4FFDF8FA66" box="[460,603,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFDE5FA40FD62FA66" box="[612,705,1495,1521]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFDE5FA40FD62FA66" bold="true" box="[612,705,1495,1521]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, because so far only incomplete gonothecae have been found, they also have strongly striated walls, whereas the female gonothecae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFBBDFA6AFB73F981" box="[1084,1232,1533,1558]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="liouvillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFBBDFA6AFB73F981" box="[1084,1232,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. liouvillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have smooth or inconspicuously striated walls (barely visible when stained).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF47F9DFFB48F88B" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Amongst the other
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D4C40790FF8BFFBCFE32F9DFFD83F9F5" box="[435,544,1608,1634]" name="Antarctica" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Antarctic</collectingCountry>
|
||
species of the genus only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFCEAF9DFFF7FF910" authority="Jaderholm, 1904" authorityName="Jaderholm" authorityYear="1904" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cumberlandicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFCEAF9DFFAA5F9F6" box="[875,1286,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Symplectoscyphus cumberlandicus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C8423AF1FF8BFFBCFA98F9DFFF76F910" author="Jaderholm" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1904) Mitteilungen ueber einige von der Schwedischen Antarctic-Expedition 1901 - 1903 eingesammelte Hydroiden. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, (4) 3 (Notes et revue 1), 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="1904">Jäderholm, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFE98F9FAFD18F910" authority="Pena Cantero et al., 2002" authorityName="Pena Cantero et al." authorityYear="2002" box="[281,699,1645,1671]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sofiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFE98F9FAFEDCF911" box="[281,383,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. sofiae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C8423AF1FF8BFFBCFE09F9FAFD18F910" author="Pena" box="[392,699,1645,1671]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Pena Cantero, A. L., Svoboda, A. & Vervoort, W. (2002) Species of Symplectoscyphus Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Sertulariidae) from recent Antarctic expeditions with R. V. Polarstern, with the description of four new species. Journal of Natural History, 36, 1509 - 1568." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Peña Cantero
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFDB3F9FAFDCCF911" box="[562,623,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are also characterized by forming polysiphonic, erect stems. Nevertheless, they both are clearly different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFC81F904FC34F93B" box="[768,919,1683,1708]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFC81F904FC34F93B" box="[768,919,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="85942669FF8BFFBCFC21F905FBA1F93B" box="[928,1026,1682,1708]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFC21F905FBA1F93B" bold="true" box="[928,1026,1682,1708]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in colony form, because in those species branching occurs in one plane, usually following an alternate pattern, and typically at every third hydrotheca in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFEC3F94AFDBEF961" box="[322,541,1757,1782]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cumberlandicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFEC3F94AFDBEF961" box="[322,541,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. cumberlandicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They also differ in the shape and size of the hydrothecae and markedly in the shape of the gonothecae, which are provided with rings in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFCF1F894FBEBF88B" box="[880,1096,1795,1820]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cumberlandicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFCF1F894FBEBF88B" box="[880,1096,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. cumberlandicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFB00F894FB47F88B" box="[1153,1252,1795,1820]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sofiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFB00F894FB47F88B" box="[1153,1252,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">S. sofiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF47F8B0FBBEF8F0" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFF47F8B0FDADF8D6" bold="true" box="[198,526,1831,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Our material, which includes colonies with gonothecae, was collected in February, at depths between 400 and
|
||
<quantity id="6B2BEAE5FF8BFFBCFDCAF8DAFD36F8F0" box="[587,661,1869,1895]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.64" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="564.0">564 m</quantity>
|
||
off Cape Adare and Cape Hallet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E4C9148BFF8BFFBCFF47F8E5FB06F81B" box="[198,1189,1906,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="AC6C4700FF8BFFBCFF47F8E5FB06F81B" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1932]" box="[198,1189,1906,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFF47F8E5FEF0F81B" bold="true" box="[198,339,1906,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BD33C83FF8BFFBCFDB9F8E4FD08F81B" box="[568,683,1907,1932]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Symplectoscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EA79B12FF8BFFBCFDB9F8E4FD08F81B" box="[568,683,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="34">frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the extremely abundant branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |