345 lines
50 KiB
XML
345 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="84F89EF095102D48366A99BE78E96803" ID-CLB-Dataset="39165" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4107.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a6bea989-3f99-43ab-a599-0e46d34ae26c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="260857" ID-ZooBank="4E1E338B-BC0B-43D2-8D27-15F89D8C1EB1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1462170996356" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dubatolov, Vladimir V., Zolotuhin, Vadim V. & Witt, Thomas J." docDate="2016" docId="1371EA016F71FFB84DEAAB92FCB5FB20" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4107.2.3.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4107 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lithosia Fabricius 1798" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="177" masterDocId="EF4892796F70FFBA4D7DA926FFC1FF80" masterDocTitle="Revision of Lithosia Fabricius, 1798 and Conilepia Hampson, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="196" masterPageNumber="175" pageNumber="176" updateTime="1698662094693" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="ED38D599B72DED016B1D73ADEBA22C64">Revision of Lithosia Fabricius, 1798 and Conilepia Hampson, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="205AEE476273044D0CF8FA03A82B3890">Dubatolov, Vladimir V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7A3B6F40C1C85248966C65E6598F70B3">Zolotuhin, Vadim V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="56A492F1EA570804D3DB0074FB08D969">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1A458DE6D6C74790B91BF46414F1696C">Witt, Thomas J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CBCD402FB74EAFBCAC6093E0723C3EDE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2121B142129060BD4518689EA5091A98">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4236968ADEBC6312C216BA1676FB6F86">4107</mods:number>
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<treatment id="1371EA016F71FFB84DEAAB92FCB5FB20" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6073799" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120609152" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6073799" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1371EA016F71FFB84DEAAB92FCB5FB20" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1371EA016F71FFB84DEAAB92FCB5FB20" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">
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<subSubSection id="D3C2089C6F71FFBB4DEAAB92FE03FD4E" box="[151,450,692,718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DEAAB92FE03FD4E" blockId="1.[151,450,692,718]" box="[151,450,692,718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">
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<heading id="C02FEC7B6F71FFBB4DEAAB92FE03FD4E" bold="true" box="[151,450,692,718]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F71FFBB4DEAAB92FE03FD4E" authority="Fabricius, 1798" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1798" box="[151,450,692,718]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB4DEAAB92FE03FD4E" bold="true" box="[151,450,692,718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">
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<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB4DEAAB92FF3AFD4E" bold="true" box="[151,251,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Lithosia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F71FFBB4C7CAB92FE03FD4E" author="Fabricius" box="[257,450,692,718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" refString="Fabricius, I. C. (1798) Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae. Proft et Storch, Hafnia, 572 + 53 pp." type="book" year="1798">Fabricius, 1798</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D3C2089C6F71FFBB4DEAABDCFEC1FC2A" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DEAABDCFD84FCCE" blockId="1.[151,1436,762,938]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">
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<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F71FFBB4DEAABDCFE50FC90" authority="Fabricius, 1798" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1798" box="[151,401,762,784]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB4DEAABDCFF28FC90" box="[151,233,762,784]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Lithosia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F71FFBB4D8CABDCFE50FC90" author="Fabricius" box="[241,401,762,784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" refString="Fabricius, I. C. (1798) Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae. Proft et Storch, Hafnia, 572 + 53 pp." type="book" year="1798">Fabricius, 1798</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Suppl. Ent. Syst.: 418, 459. TS:
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<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F71FFBB4F8CABDCFB8FFC90" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[753,1102,762,784]" class="Insecta" family="Adelidae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadra">
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<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB4F8CABDCFC65FC90" box="[753,932,762,784]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Phalaena quadra</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F71FFBB4ED1ABDCFB8FFC90" author="Linnaeus" box="[940,1102,762,784]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) [Lepidoptera]. In: Linnaeus, C. (Ed.), Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Edito Decima, Reformata, I, Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmia, 458 - 542." type="book chapter" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Syst. Nat. (Edn. 10)
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<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB484EABDCFAFEFC8F" bold="true" box="[1331,1343,762,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">1</emphasis>
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: 511, by subsequent designation by Latreille, 1810; Considérations générales sur l’Ordre naturel des Animaux: 441 (but attributed to Fabricius, an incorrect authorship).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DEAAA70FC20FCEC" blockId="1.[151,1436,762,938]" box="[151,993,854,876]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">
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<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB4DEAAA70FF26FCEC" box="[151,231,854,876]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Lithosis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F71FFBB4D90AA70FE40FCEC" author="Billberg" box="[237,385,854,876]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" refString="Billberg, G. J. (1820) Enumeratio insectorum in Museo Gust. Joh. Billberg. Typis Gadelianis, [Stockholm], 138 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49763" type="book" year="1820">Billberg, 1820</bibRefCitation>
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, Enum. Ins. Mus. Billb.: 91. Status: unjustified emendation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DEAAA50FEC1FC2A" blockId="1.[151,1436,762,938]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">
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=
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<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB4DD1AA53FEC4FC0B" box="[172,261,885,907]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Lichenia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F71FFBB4C71AA53FE75FC0B" author="Sodoffsky" box="[268,436,885,907]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" refString="Sodoffsky, W. (1837) Etymologische Untersuchengen ueber die Gattungsnamen der Schmetterlinge. Bulletin de la Societe imperiale des naturalistes de Moscou, 1837 (6), 76 - 97." type="journal article" year="1837">Sodoffsky, 1837</bibRefCitation>
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, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou
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<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB4F96AA53FCDFFC0A" bold="true" box="[747,798,885,906]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">1837</emphasis>
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(6): 85, unnecessary replacement name for
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<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F71FFBB49A0AA53FF3CFC2A" authority="Fabricius, 1798" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1798" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB49A0AA53FAF1FC0B" box="[1245,1328,885,907]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Lithosia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F71FFBB484AAA53FF3CFC2A" author="Fabricius" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" refString="Fabricius, I. C. (1798) Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae. Proft et Storch, Hafnia, 572 + 53 pp." type="book" year="1798">Fabricius, 1798</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D3C2089C6F71FFBB4DEAAAF0FA53F908" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DEAAAF0FA53F908" blockId="1.[151,1437,982,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">
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<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB4DEAAAF0FEE8FC6F" bold="true" box="[151,297,982,1007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Description.</emphasis>
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Generic characters were already designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F71FFBB4E34AAF1FBCBFC6F" author="Hampson" box="[841,1034,983,1007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" refString="Hampson, G. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosiinae) in the collection of the British Museum. In: Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 2. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. i - xx + 1 - 589, pls. XVIII - XXXV." type="book chapter" year="1900">Hampson (1900)</bibRefCitation>
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. Palpi short, semicircular, upturned to the frons hind edge; proboscis fully developed. Antennae with cilia and bristles. Middle tibiae with apical pair of short spurs, hind tibiae with two pairs of short spurs. Forewing long and narrow; costal margin nearly straight. Forewing venation: subcostal vein free; R1 and R2 arise from the discal cell not far from the apex; (R3+R4)+R5 stalked; R2 anastomosing with R3+5 to form the areole; M1 arise from well below upper angle of the discal cell; M2, M3 and Cu1 from hind angle of the discal cell, the two latter sometimes shortly stalked; Cu2 from before middle of discal cell; anal vein free. Hindwing venation: Sc from middle of discal cell, Rs and M1 coincident in male, stalked in female; M2 absent; M3 and Cu1 stalked; Cu2 from middle of discal cell; two anal veins free. Head grey, vertex and occiput orange in males; head entirely yellow in females; proboscis yellow. Thorax, patagia and tegulae orange. Abdomen yellow with a noticeable mixture of dark grey hair-like scales, mostly at basal 1/3 and tip. Wing pattern (
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<figureCitation id="03E347926F71FFBB4DE2AC6AFED1FAE5" box="[159,272,1356,1381]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1521,1544]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1452]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,195,1497]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 13. Lithosia moths: 1 – 11 — L. quadra Linnaeus; 12 – 13 — L. yuennanensis Daniel. 1 — Phalaena quadra Linnaeus [L. quadra quadra], lectotype, female (above), male, paralectotype, female (below), coll. Linnaean Society; 2 — Phalaena deplana Linnaeus [L. quadra quadra], type, male, coll. of the Hunterian Museum of London; 3 — female, Russia, Daghestan, 8 km S Makhachkala, Talgi; 4 — male, Nordspanien, prov. Gerona, Besalu, Nr. 17402; 5 — male, Russia, Daghestan, 8 km S Makhachkala, Talgi, h = 200 m; 6 — Oeonistis dives Butler [L. quadra dives], type, male, Japan, coll. BMNH; 7 — L. quadra dives, male, N. Korea, Haeju, Su Jong San, Nr. 17405; 8 — L. quadra dives Butler, female, Primorsky Kraj, Kamenushka, GenPräp. Nr. 17427; 9 — L. quadra soligena ssp. n., holotype, male, Nordiran, Elbursgebirge, Dizin, GenPräp. Nr. 17417; 10 — L. quadra soligena ssp. n., paratype, male, Krasnodarsky Kray, Kropotkin circ., 20. VI. 2004; 11 — L. quadra soligena, paratype, female, Iran, Elburs, Kendevan 2300 – 2800 m, GenPräp. Nr 17420; 12 — L. yuennanensis Daniel, male (holotype) and female (paratype), China, Yunnan, Likiang, coll. ZFMK; 13 — L. yuennanesis Daniel, female, Shaanxi, Taibaishan, Nr. 17423." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260858/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Figs 1–12</figureCitation>
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) diagnostic for the genus: male forewings grey, with orange base and dark costal stroke here, hindwings yellow with apical darkening; in female wings yellow, forewing with two dark rounded spots: one between costa and upper angle of discal cell, another between Cu2 and A.
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<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F71FFBB4E23ACB2FC59FA2D" box="[862,920,1428,1453]" name="Malta" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Male</collectingCountry>
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genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="03E347926F71FFBB496AACB2FB5FFA2D" box="[1047,1182,1428,1453]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 45" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1800,1823]" captionTargetBox="[207,1361,207,1752]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,207,1752]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 45. Male (33 – 41) and female (42 – 45) genitalia of Lithosia species: 33 — L. quadra, Bulgaria, Pirin Mts., gen. prep. Nr. 17425; 34 — L. quadra, Uzbekistan, Amu-Darja, gen. prep. Nr. 17409; 35 — Lithosia quadra, East Kazakhstan, Saur Mts., gen. prep. Nr. 17410; 36 — L. quadra soligena, holotype, Nordiran, Elbursgebirge, Dizin, gen. prep. Nr. 17417; 37 — L. quadra dives, North Korea, gen. prep. Nr. 17405; 38 — L. quadra dives, Japan, Tokyo, gen. prep. Nr. 17406; 39 — L. yuennanensis, China, Yunnan, gen. prep. Nr. 14367; 40 — L. yuennanensis, China, Shaanxi, Taibaishan, gen. prep. Nr. 17407; 41 — L. yuennanensis, China, Beijing, gen. prep. Nr. 17411; 42 — Lithosia quadra, Bulgaria, gen. prep. Nr. 17425; 43 — L. quadra soligena, paratype, Nordiran, Elbursgebirge, Kendevan, gen. prep. Nr. 17420; 44 — L. quadra dives, Japan, Okayama Pref., Mt. Hirusen, gen. prep. Nr. 17421; 45 — L. yuennanensis, China, Shaanxi, Taibaishan, gen. prep. Nr. 17423." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260860/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Figs 33–41</figureCitation>
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). Uncus rather broad, downturned at apex, cucullus broad and membranous, sacculus sclerotized, constricted to apex. Harpe present, forming a short and broad process. Juxta short, triangular. Saccus concave apically. Aedeagus short, lacking spines. Vesica with a single cornutus. Female genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="03E347926F71FFBB4FBFAF25FC89F99C" box="[706,840,1539,1564]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 45" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1800,1823]" captionTargetBox="[207,1361,207,1752]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[207,1361,207,1752]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 45. Male (33 – 41) and female (42 – 45) genitalia of Lithosia species: 33 — L. quadra, Bulgaria, Pirin Mts., gen. prep. Nr. 17425; 34 — L. quadra, Uzbekistan, Amu-Darja, gen. prep. Nr. 17409; 35 — Lithosia quadra, East Kazakhstan, Saur Mts., gen. prep. Nr. 17410; 36 — L. quadra soligena, holotype, Nordiran, Elbursgebirge, Dizin, gen. prep. Nr. 17417; 37 — L. quadra dives, North Korea, gen. prep. Nr. 17405; 38 — L. quadra dives, Japan, Tokyo, gen. prep. Nr. 17406; 39 — L. yuennanensis, China, Yunnan, gen. prep. Nr. 14367; 40 — L. yuennanensis, China, Shaanxi, Taibaishan, gen. prep. Nr. 17407; 41 — L. yuennanensis, China, Beijing, gen. prep. Nr. 17411; 42 — Lithosia quadra, Bulgaria, gen. prep. Nr. 17425; 43 — L. quadra soligena, paratype, Nordiran, Elbursgebirge, Kendevan, gen. prep. Nr. 17420; 44 — L. quadra dives, Japan, Okayama Pref., Mt. Hirusen, gen. prep. Nr. 17421; 45 — L. yuennanensis, China, Shaanxi, Taibaishan, gen. prep. Nr. 17423." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260860/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Figs 42–45</figureCitation>
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). Papillae anales typical in size and shape, posterior apophyses not longer than papillae anales; however, they have no taxonomic value. Anterior apophyses strongly reduced. Postvaginal plate semiovoid or trapezoid. Antevaginal plate forming two folds on the sides of vaginal sinus. Ductus bursae broad, sclerotized, covered with rather visible spines. Сorpus bursae globular, without signa.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D3C2089C6F71FFBB4DBAAFB5FB38F84F" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DBAAFB5FC5BF92C" blockId="1.[151,1437,982,2035]" box="[199,922,1683,1708]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">
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<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB4DBAAFB5FE80F92C" bold="true" box="[199,321,1683,1708]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The genus is characterized by the following features:
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DEAAF9EFA5DF974" blockId="1.[151,1437,982,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">• sexual dimorphism distinct; male forewings rather patternless; female forewings yellow with two black spots; • hindwing venation: Rs and M1 stalked, not coincident in both sexes; three veins arise from the hind angle of the</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DB4AE24FE1AF89B" blockId="1.[151,1437,982,2035]" box="[201,475,1794,1819]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">discal cell on forewings;</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DEAAE01FB0EF8BF" blockId="1.[151,1437,982,2035]" box="[151,1231,1830,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">• male genitalia: harpe present, broad (this is the most conspicuous autapomorphic character);</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DEAAE6DFA5DF8E2" blockId="1.[151,1437,982,2035]" box="[151,1436,1866,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">• female genitalia: corpus bursae shorter than ductus bursae, the former lacking signa; vaginal sinus with two</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DB4AE49FDCBF807" blockId="1.[151,1437,982,2035]" box="[201,522,1902,1927]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">creases on antevaginal plate.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFBB4DBAAEB4FB38F84F" blockId="1.[151,1437,982,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB4DBAAEB4FED5F82B" bold="true" box="[199,276,1938,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Range</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="03E347926F71FFBB4C58AEB4FEBDF82B" box="[293,380,1938,1963]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 57" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1933,1956]" captionTargetBox="[266,1349,265,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1358,246,1075]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 57. Distribution maps of Lithosia (56) and Conilepia (57): 56 — L. quadra (black rings) and L. yuennanensis (green rings); 57 — C. nigricosta (black rings, larger rings show the province locality without exact data), C. sikkima (red rings), C. cao (blue rings)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260862/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
|
||
). The genus have Amphipalearctic distribution, with a gap in Siberia from the Ural Mts. to Eastern Transbaikalia. Possible reasons for this gap was discussed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F71FFBB4ED8AE90FB35F84F" author="Dubatolov" box="[933,1268,1974,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" refString="Dubatolov, V. V. & Kosterin, O. E. (2000) Nemoral species of Lepidoptera (Insecta) in Siberia: a novel view on their history and the timing of their disjunctions. Entomologica Fennica, 11 (3), 141 - 166." type="journal article" year="2000">Dubatolov & Kosterin (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D3C2089C6F71FFB84DBAAEFCFCB5FB20" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="1" pageNumber="176" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F71FFB84DBAAEFCFB59FE9C" blockId="1.[151,1437,982,2035]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,1184]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFBB4DBAAEFCFEFAF873" bold="true" box="[199,315,2010,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The constitution of this genus was controversial, and until the mid 19th century all smaller
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F71FFB8484AAEFCFF27FF30" italics="true" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="1" pageNumber="176">
|
||
Lithosia-
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84DEAA9BEFF27FF30" box="[151,230,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eilema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eilema</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
-similar species were included here. They were reorganized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84ECCA9B1FB00FF30" author="Herrich-Schaffer" box="[945,1217,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W. (1845) Die Schwarmer, Spinner und Eulen. In: Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W. (Ed.), Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa, zugleich als Text, Revision und Supplement zu Jakob Hubner's Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge. Vol. 2. Commission bei G. J. Manz, Regensburg, pp. 1 - 450." type="book" year="1845">Herrich-Schäffer (1845)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in other genera; he used
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84DA9A99AFEFFFF53" box="[212,318,188,211]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Oeonistis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84DA9A99AFEFFFF53" box="[212,318,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Oeonistis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84C0CA99AFE03FF54" box="[369,450,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Adelidae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadra">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84C0CA99AFE03FF54" box="[369,450,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">quadra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84F79A99AFDA1FF54" box="[516,608,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84F79A99AFDA1FF54" box="[516,608,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Lithosia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for other species of the group. The majority of the Palearctic and some Oriental species in this group, traditionally considered to belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84EADA9C6FBDEFF78" box="[976,1055,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eilema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84EADA9C6FBDEFF78" box="[976,1055,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Eilema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, were revised by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB8487FA9F9FE97FE9C" author="Dubatolov" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Dubatolov, V. V. & Zolotuhin, V. V. (2011) Does Eilema Hubner, [1819] (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae, Lithosiinae) present one or several genera? Euroasian entomological journal, 10 (3), 367 - 379, 380, col. pl. VII." type="journal article" year="2011">Dubatolov & Zolotuhin (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and was separated into several genera, as first proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84E89A823FB55FE9C" author="Moore" box="[1012,1172,260,284]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Moore, F. (1878) A Revision of certain Genera of European and Asiatic Lithosiinae, with characters of new Genera and Species. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 1878, 3 - 37, pls. 1 - 3." type="proceedings paper" year="1878">Moore (1878)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F72FFB84DBAA801FD58FD98" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84C40A80EFDC5FEC0" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" box="[317,516,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Oeonistis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84C40A80EFE66FEBF" box="[317,423,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Oeonistis</emphasis>
|
||
Hübner
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, [1819] was sometimes used to designate members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84915A80EFB05FEC0" box="[1128,1220,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84915A80EFB05FEC0" box="[1128,1220,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Lithosia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the sense of this article, for example by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84CD4A86AFD7FFEE5" author="Herrich-Schaffer" box="[425,702,332,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W. (1845) Die Schwarmer, Spinner und Eulen. In: Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W. (Ed.), Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa, zugleich als Text, Revision und Supplement zu Jakob Hubner's Sammlung europaischer Schmetterlinge. Vol. 2. Commission bei G. J. Manz, Regensburg, pp. 1 - 450." type="book" year="1845">Herrich-Schäffer (1845)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Seitz (1910), etc. However, this is incorrect, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84981A86AFAA7FEE3" box="[1276,1382,332,355]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Oeonistis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84981A86AFAA7FEE3" box="[1276,1382,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Oeonistis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was introduced for another group of large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84F30A856FD68FE08" box="[589,681,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84F30A856FD68FE08" box="[589,681,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Lithosia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-like moths of South-East Asia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84963A856FAC3FE08" author="Watson" box="[1054,1282,368,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Watson, A. & Fletcher, D. S. & Nye, I. W. B. (1980) Noctuoidea (part): Arctiidae, Cocytiidae, Ctenuchidae. Dilobidae, Dioptidae, Lymantriidae, Notodontidae, Strepsimanidae, Thaumnetopoeidae, Thyretidae. In: Nye, I. W. B. (Ed.), The Generic Names of Moths of the World, 2, Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 1 - 228." type="journal article" year="1980">
|
||
Watson
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84900A857FB79FE08" box="[1149,1208,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1980
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with a wide metallic-green band pattern on the pale yellow wings. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="4463E5B56F72FFB84E4AA8B3FCA6FE2D" box="[823,871,405,429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84E95A8B2FB93FE2B" box="[1000,1106,404,427]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Oeonistis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84E95A8B2FB93FE2B" box="[1000,1106,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Oeonistis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB8491CA8B2FED9FE50" authority="Cramer & Stoll, 1779" authorityName="Cramer & Stoll" authorityYear="1779" class="Insecta" family="Adelidae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="entella">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB8491CA8B2FAE0FE2C" box="[1121,1313,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Phalaena entella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84857A8B2FED9FE50" author="Cramer" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Cramer, P. & Stoll, C. (1779) De Uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in de drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Africa en America [Papillons Exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amerique]. Vol. 2. S. J. Baalde, Amsterdam, Barthelemy Wild, Utrecht, 151 pp., CXCII t." type="book" year="1779">Cramer & Stoll, 1779</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84F7AA89EFD69FE50" author="Moore" box="[519,680,440,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Moore, F. (1878) A Revision of certain Genera of European and Asiatic Lithosiinae, with characters of new Genera and Species. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 1878, 3 - 37, pls. 1 - 3." type="proceedings paper" year="1878">Moore (1878)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and therefore, it is now used for a separate genus comprising 6 species distributed from south-eastern Asia through Sundaland and New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F72FFB84EA5A8FAFBE8FE75" box="[984,1065,476,501]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F72FFB8492DA8FBFB3FFE75" box="[1104,1278,476,501]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Oceania; this group of species has not yet been revised.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F72FFB84DBAAB03FDA9FCDC" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84DBAAB03FE47FDBC" author="Hampson" box="[199,390,548,572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Hampson, G. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosiinae) in the collection of the British Museum. In: Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 2. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. i - xx + 1 - 589, pls. XVIII - XXXV." type="book chapter" year="1900">Hampson (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84CEEAB03FDDCFDBC" author="Fang" box="[403,541,548,573]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Fang, Ch. (2000) Lepidoptera, Arctiidae. In: Zhu, H. (Ed.), Fauna Sinica. Insecta. Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 1 - 590, pls. 1 - 20. [in Chinese]" type="book chapter" year="2000">Fang (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and Witt
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84FF1AB03FD04FDBC" box="[652,709,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011) included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84EF8AB02FB3EFDBC" authority="Druce, 1899" authorityName="Druce" authorityYear="1899" box="[901,1279,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcosteola">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84EF8AB02FBACFDBC" box="[901,1133,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Lithosia subcosteola</emphasis>
|
||
Druce, 1899
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="03E347926F72FFB84872AB02FAA0FDBC" box="[1295,1377,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1432,1455]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1410]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1411]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 32. Moths of Conilepia and species formerly attributed to Lithosia: 14 — C. nigricosta nigricosta Leech, type, male, Japan, BMNH; 15 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, male, Japan, Hyogo pref., Haga cho, Onzui Tal, gen. prep. Nr. 17430; 16 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, male, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wyyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17432; 17 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, female, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wyyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17433; 18 — C. nigricosta paiwan, holotype, male, Taiwan, Fushan, Wulai, Taipei Hsien, coll. coll. Y. Kishida; 19 — C. nigricosta paiwan, paratype, female, the same locality as in the holotype; 20 — C. nigricosta paiwan, male, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation, gen. prep. Nr. 17437; 21 — C. nigricosta paiwan, female, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation, gen. prep. Nr. 17438; 22 — C. sikkima, type, female, Sikkim, coll. BMNH; 23 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, Mt. Kangchenjunga SE, gen. prep. Nr. 17444; 24 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, Legship, gen. prep. Nr. 25050; 25 — C. cao, holotype, male, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 18130, coll. Museum Witt; 26 — C. cao, paratype, female, S. Vietnam, Bach-Ma, gen. prep .. Nr. 25049, coll. Museum Witt; 27 — C. cao, paratype, female, C. Vietnam, Gia Lai Pr., K’Bang Dist., vill. Kon Loc, coll. Museum Witt; 28 — Lithosia subcosteola Druce, type, male, China, Hunan, coll. BMNH; 29 — Cybosia gynaegrapha de Joannis, holotype, Vietnam, Cha Pa, coll. MNHN; 30 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, male, China, Yunnan, 45 km N of Fugong, gen. prep. Nr. 25045; 31 – 32 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, female, N. Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan, upperside (31) and underside (32)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260859/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
) into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84DEAAB6EFF32FDE0" box="[151,243,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84DEAAB6EFF32FDE0" box="[151,243,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Lithosia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This species was described from Hunan Province of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F72FFB84EF9AB61FC06FDE0" box="[900,967,583,608]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and is known to occur in the Chinese provinces of Fujian, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F72FFB84FAFAB4AFCE5FD05" box="[722,804,620,645]" name="Taiwan" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84E4EAB4AFC76FD04" author="Fang" box="[819,951,620,644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Fang, Ch. (2000) Lepidoptera, Arctiidae. In: Zhu, H. (Ed.), Fauna Sinica. Insecta. Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 1 - 590, pls. 1 - 20. [in Chinese]" type="book chapter" year="2000">Fang, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, by external characters, it differs significantly from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84C14ABB7FE18FD28" box="[361,473,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Adelidae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadra">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84C14ABB7FE18FD28" box="[361,473,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">L. quadra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and resembles “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84FE1ABB6FD2AFD28" box="[668,747,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eilema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84FE1ABB6FD2AFD28" box="[668,747,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Eilema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B29F3A7E6F72FFB84E7DABB7FCB0FD28" box="[768,881,656,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84E7DABB7FCB0FD28" box="[768,881,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">sensu lato</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
-species due to its dark forewings and a pale line along costa. Thus,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84C11AB92FDD4FD4C" author="Kishida" box="[364,533,692,717]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Kishida, Y. (1992) Actiidae. In: Heppner, J. B. & Inoue, H. (Eds.), Lepidoptera of Taiwan, 1 (2: checklist), pp. 166 - 171." type="journal article" year="1992">Kishida (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed this species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84E69AB92FCA2FD4C" box="[788,867,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eilema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84E69AB92FCA2FD4C" box="[788,867,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Eilema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F72FFB84E0FAB92FC6DFD4D" box="[882,940,692,717]" name="Malta" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84947AB93FB1CFD4C" box="[1082,1245,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcosteola">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84947AB93FB1CFD4C" box="[1082,1245,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">L. subcosteola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have never been figured and its
|
||
<typeStatus id="4463E5B56F72FFB84C2EABFEFE42FD70" box="[339,387,728,752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">type</typeStatus>
|
||
was not carefully studied after description. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="4463E5B56F72FFB84EA8ABFEFBC4FD70" box="[981,1029,728,752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen is preserved in BMNH (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84DE3ABDAFE99FC94" author="Hampson" box="[158,344,764,788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Hampson, G. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosiinae) in the collection of the British Museum. In: Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 2. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. i - xx + 1 - 589, pls. XVIII - XXXV." type="book chapter" year="1900">Hampson, 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and was not dissected. Therefore it is impossible to conclude its real taxonomic position. Nevertheless, the present authors exclude this species from real
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84E13AA06FC0BFCB8" box="[878,970,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84E13AA06FC0BFCB8" box="[878,970,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Lithosia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and place it temporally in the unrevised “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84DDEAA62FF33FCDC" box="[163,242,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Eilema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84DDEAA62FF33FCDC" box="[163,242,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Eilema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B29F3A7E6F72FFB84C7BAA63FEB6FCDC" box="[262,375,836,860]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84C7BAA63FEB6FCDC" box="[262,375,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">sensu lato</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84CC5AA62FDA5FCDC" author="Kishida" box="[440,612,836,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Kishida, Y. (1992) Actiidae. In: Heppner, J. B. & Inoue, H. (Eds.), Lepidoptera of Taiwan, 1 (2: checklist), pp. 166 - 171." type="journal article" year="1992">Kishida (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F72FFB84DBAAA41FD4FFBB5" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">
|
||
Another questionable taxon,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84F71AA4EFC0DFC00" authority="de Joannis, 1930" authorityName="de Joannis" authorityYear="1930" box="[524,972,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gynaegrapha">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84F71AA4EFCC5FC00" box="[524,772,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Lithosia gynaegrapha</emphasis>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84E53AA41FC0DFC00" author="Joannis" box="[814,972,871,896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Joannis, J. de (1930) Lepidopteres Heteroceres du Tonkin. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 98, 361 - 431." type="journal article" year="1930">Joannis, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described from Cha Pa (North
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F72FFB84849AA41FA54FC00" box="[1332,1429,871,896]" name="Vietnam" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
) often has been placed in this genus. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="4463E5B56F72FFB84F12AAAAFD10FC25" box="[623,721,908,933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
by monotypy, a male, preserved in the MNHN, was dissected during the work of this manuscript. The male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="03E347926F72FFB84E5CAA89FCB4FC48" box="[801,885,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1688,1711]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1665]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1667]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 55. Male (46 – 51) and female (52 – 55) genitalia of Conilepia and Cybosia gynaegrapha: 46 — C. nigricostata, Japan, gen. prep. Nr. 17430; 47 — C. nigricostata, China, Fujian, Kuatun, gen. prep. Nr. 1717431; 48 — C. nigricosta paiwan, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr, gen. prep. Nr. 17437; 49 — C. cao, holotype, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 18130; 50 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, gen. prep. Nr. 17445; 51 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, N. Vietnam, Fan-si-pan Mts., gen. prep. Nr. 25048; 52 — C. nigricosta, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wuyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17433; 53 — C. nigricosta paiwan, Taiwan, Prov. Taoyuan, Ming Chyr, gen. prep. Nr. 17438; 54 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, gen. prep. Nr. 25050; 55 — C. cao, paratype, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 25049." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260861/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
) and forewing pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="03E347926F72FFB849F5AA89FACBFC48" box="[1160,1290,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1432,1455]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1410]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1411]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 32. Moths of Conilepia and species formerly attributed to Lithosia: 14 — C. nigricosta nigricosta Leech, type, male, Japan, BMNH; 15 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, male, Japan, Hyogo pref., Haga cho, Onzui Tal, gen. prep. Nr. 17430; 16 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, male, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wyyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17432; 17 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, female, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wyyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17433; 18 — C. nigricosta paiwan, holotype, male, Taiwan, Fushan, Wulai, Taipei Hsien, coll. coll. Y. Kishida; 19 — C. nigricosta paiwan, paratype, female, the same locality as in the holotype; 20 — C. nigricosta paiwan, male, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation, gen. prep. Nr. 17437; 21 — C. nigricosta paiwan, female, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation, gen. prep. Nr. 17438; 22 — C. sikkima, type, female, Sikkim, coll. BMNH; 23 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, Mt. Kangchenjunga SE, gen. prep. Nr. 17444; 24 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, Legship, gen. prep. Nr. 25050; 25 — C. cao, holotype, male, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 18130, coll. Museum Witt; 26 — C. cao, paratype, female, S. Vietnam, Bach-Ma, gen. prep .. Nr. 25049, coll. Museum Witt; 27 — C. cao, paratype, female, C. Vietnam, Gia Lai Pr., K’Bang Dist., vill. Kon Loc, coll. Museum Witt; 28 — Lithosia subcosteola Druce, type, male, China, Hunan, coll. BMNH; 29 — Cybosia gynaegrapha de Joannis, holotype, Vietnam, Cha Pa, coll. MNHN; 30 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, male, China, Yunnan, 45 km N of Fugong, gen. prep. Nr. 25045; 31 – 32 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, female, N. Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan, upperside (31) and underside (32)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260859/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Figs 29–32</figureCitation>
|
||
) show some similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84C2EAAF2FDCAFC6D" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" box="[339,523,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cybosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84C2EAAF2FE6EFC6C" box="[339,431,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Cybosia</emphasis>
|
||
Hübner
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, [1819]. Moreover, its morphology is also not particularly similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84876AAF2FAA6FC6C" box="[1291,1383,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84876AAF2FAA6FC6C" box="[1291,1383,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Lithosia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For these reasons, until a full revision is prepared, the authors provisionally place this species within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB849A8AADEFAF0FB90" box="[1237,1329,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cybosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB849A8AADEFAF0FB90" box="[1237,1329,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Cybosia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB8483DAADEFDC3FBB4" authority="de Joannis, 1930" authorityName="de Joannis" authorityYear="1930" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Cybosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gynaegrapha" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB8483DAADEFEEAFBB4" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Cybosia gynaegrapha</emphasis>
|
||
(de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84C21AD3AFE3BFBB4" author="Joannis" box="[348,506,1052,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Joannis, J. de (1930) Lepidopteres Heteroceres du Tonkin. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 98, 361 - 431." type="journal article" year="1930">Joannis, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B29F3A7E6F72FFB84F70AD3AFD4FFBB5" box="[525,654,1052,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84F70AD3AFD4FFBB5" bold="true" box="[525,654,1052,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">comb. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F72FFB84DBAAD19FD40FBFD" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">
|
||
The poorly known taxon, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84C89AD66FD91FBD8" box="[500,592,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84C89AD66FD91FBD8" box="[500,592,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Lithosia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84F19AD66FC67FBD8" authority="Strand, 1922" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1922" box="[612,934,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Adelidae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="quadra" subSpecies="sikkima">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84F19AD66FCD1FBD8" box="[612,784,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">quadra sikkima</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84E6AAD19FC67FBD8" author="Strand" box="[791,934,1087,1112]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Strand, E. (1922) Arctiidae: Subfam. Lithosiinae. In: Wagner, H. (Ed.), Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Vol. 26. W. Yunk, Berlin, pp. 1 - 899." type="book" year="1922">Strand, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is raised here to species rank and transferred into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84DB4AD42FE31FBFC" authority="Hampson, 1900" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" box="[201,496,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Conilepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84DB4AD42FEF9FBFC" box="[201,312,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Conilepia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FF4926E66F72FFB84C42AD43FE31FBFC" author="Hampson" box="[319,496,1124,1148]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" refString="Hampson, G. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosiinae) in the collection of the British Museum. In: Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 2. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. i - xx + 1 - 589, pls. XVIII - XXXV." type="book chapter" year="1900">Hampson, 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9B675B176F72FFB84DBAADA1FCB5FB20" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,1184]" box="[199,884,1159,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">
|
||
Thus, the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F72FFB84C03ADAEFE1BFB20" box="[382,474,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Lithosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F72FFB84C03ADAEFE1BFB20" box="[382,474,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="177">Lithosia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
currently includes only two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |