435 lines
56 KiB
XML
435 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="3268DB115CEE1AF9AD71033305765C7C" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2020.669" ID-GBIF-Dataset="47b43e12-37bc-4b2c-b654-0e668351cc97" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3900298" ID-ZooBank="06FEC792-67DE-46F1-A5D3-4B0F17AF3B73" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1592505667257" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Haran, Julien M., Hansen, Steffan, Benoit, Laure & Addison, Pia" docDate="2020" docId="BD7C0F46FFD5531EFDA4FB8EFC470F72" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-669_haran_hansen_addison.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 669 (669)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Phlyctinus xerophilus Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="4B53AE34-6D14-4365-BD47-762A6596ED1B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="4145773EFFD95311FF99FF97FFB50A6A" masterDocTitle="Description of five new species in the genus Phlyctinus Schoenherr (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): a first step in deciphering the P. callosus complex" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1733426279942" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E254605500FFFE0B1B9CE7C086D0216C">
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<mods:title id="C4D825BB089EB7B048BD7415F9CECC4B">Description of five new species in the genus Phlyctinus Schoenherr (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): a first step in deciphering the P. callosus complex</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="65AA0332253BC1F4F6250F947B15D35A" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="1105B82EED1848F1D28A53576F053D2F">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D5BABE287C483D413B702DD90BDF1DEE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="623AC30BA25F02EF2A6365DD0CCA26DC">Haran, Julien M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C3E30D8D265A3B31BB5471461DB2CF0E" type="LSID">A04E1722-994A-44AD-8FD2-28DC0F220805</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="E7108833CB67A88E492D26E77A463BDA">CBGP, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, INRA, IRD, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France. & Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3DB24607BA5ECD3BD9180C4D87937400" type="email">julien.haran@cirad.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2187F238D5084BC5701442FDE4ED14CA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CED22FE82D95D1239B0CE0942E4E59EC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2192F85B6231BCF5A46AFD78AF6BF4EA">Hansen, Steffan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A3D9988AC23AA69FDF4D979368F69021" type="LSID">52F0FC34-03F6-4F04-A1AA-FE7607B0EFBC</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="6FB2C97136F3A0F197AFA6400C030864">Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="737649B3DF3906A49ABD98BE91607275" type="email">shansen.rsa@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="93439A0D8F4352015C5A4B03FB15FC02" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="93602FC6CFF6606D9956C608B009012E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="91D806A1963AFC1E172B8B3595C243FA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="94C96A16DBD7BE949577BCC3D182AF5C">Benoit, Laure</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A5B53BAC7CFA44F7B83112B881AC57F0">CBGP, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, INRA, IRD, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FE2A7BDC0421D30227130B96AE08EAB5" type="email">laure.benoit@cirad.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3000F9B2EDBD1ED2FE814721B6F8E354" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8B1CA87E6A1A762BA882288C5AC1C68A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5CB236C6551B2E688FD8830A45D860F0">Addison, Pia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D5813848C1D94D711795B09ADBBEC4CE" type="LSID">A84CE8F2-E423-4ABF-815C-35169E6E42E5</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="EF7A0FA1D9D78221E5DA7017DEE2326A">Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4AD3927E18965472C07796A6777E9CB7" type="email">pia@sun.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:titleInfo id="920C0D3E481331767F143F331AD59740">
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<mods:title id="8C5AF671DD7DF80293B5C6F96266C438">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="6B79B963533C3A8C27DE264160700112">
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<mods:date id="9EC626177BBE44F8469A30F8139D6565">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4DBFCB2389FEBB2C843FEDF288475E4A">2020-06-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="8D53A6D62D3B873AD4AABD6F2F31727F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3D75E187413C975AAA0D48E02C906497">669</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="84A7B9D31895E245769D33C17C3D83A8" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="86E403E548C655B51064731751310214">669</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="C2DC8961E31121B594653329627A2E59">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="DDB84BEA7453590607BBDA347A1E7E0E">29</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="39CCFC14305B09215DA652AB3E721C1E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EB5CE079211C2DB93F2D11E77ADE0E85" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2020.669</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CD395929A4214B5EC4E44BE1971322FB" type="GBIF-Dataset">47b43e12-37bc-4b2c-b654-0e668351cc97</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="26BDA00F04495969AE8DF91FC93D8459" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6FE7CB970A725E0980A3F84D8D8DEEBE" type="Zenodo-Dep">3900298</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="BD7C0F46FFD5531EFDA4FB8EFC470F72" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5662136" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164615709" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5662136" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4B53AE34-6D14-4365-BD47-762A6596ED1B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD7C0F46FFD5531EFDA4FB8EFC470F72" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" scope_family="Curculionidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Entiminae" scope_superFamily="Curculionoidea" scope_tribe="Oosomini">
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<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD5531DFDA4FB8EFC420E5E" box="[573,1015,1049,1076]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFDA4FB8EFC420E5E" blockId="12.[366,1222,1049,1146]" box="[573,1015,1049,1076]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="6E22093CFFD5531DFDA4FB8EFC420E5E" box="[573,1015,1049,1076]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD5531DFDA4FB8EFC200E5E" ID-CoL="8KBN6" authority="Haran" authorityName="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[573,917,1049,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xerophilus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFDA4FB8EFCF30E5E" bold="true" box="[573,838,1049,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Phlyctinus xerophilus</emphasis>
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Haran
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD5531DFC05FB8DFC420E5E" box="[924,1015,1050,1076]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD5531DFEF7FBAAFC240E10" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFEF7FBAAFB730E32" blockId="12.[366,1222,1049,1146]" box="[366,1222,1085,1112]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<uri id="4144B252FFD5531DFEF7FBAAFB730E32" box="[366,1222,1085,1112]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="41738485FFD5531DFD09FBAAFB730E32" box="[656,1222,1085,1112]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">4B53AE34-6D14-4365-BD47-762A6596ED1B</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFD3BFBF7FC240E10" blockId="12.[366,1222,1049,1146]" box="[674,913,1120,1146]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD5531DFD3BFBF7FCB50E10" box="[674,768,1120,1146]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[192,1395,350,1949]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[189,1398,319,1964]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 1 (opposite page). Habitus of species of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 males (left) and females (right). A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. C. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. D. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. E. P. littoralis Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. F. P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. Scale bars = 3 mm ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14285225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14285225/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD5531DFC94FBF7FC870E10" box="[781,818,1120,1146]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[252,1379,330,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[189,1398,308,1806]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 2. Penis of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826, in dorsal (left) and lateral (right) view, and copulatory sclerite (top right). A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. C. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. D. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. E. P. littoralis Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. F. P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. Scale bars = 500 µm. Copulatory sclerite not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900302/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">2C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD5531DFCA7FBF7FCD70E10" box="[830,866,1120,1146]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[249,1342,301,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[226,1361,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 3 (opposite page). A–B. Ventrites of males of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 (left: ventrites 1–5, right: ventrite 5). A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. C–D. Ventrite 5. C. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. D. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov. E–F. Vestiture of basal right side of elytra. E. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826) (left). F. P. littoralis Haran sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900304/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">3C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD5531DFCF6FBF7FC240E10" box="[879,913,1120,1146]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1817,1843]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,286,2013]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[244,1344,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 4 (opposite page). Habitus in natura, host plants and biotopes of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 species. A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov. C–D. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. and its host plant, Osteospermum moniliferum L. E–F. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov. and its host plant, Hymenolepis crithmifolia (L.) Greuter. G–H. Biotope and host plant (Arctotis angustifolia L.) of P. littoralis Haran sp. nov. I–J. P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov. on its host plant, Aloe arborescens Mill., with details of feeding damage on floral peduncle ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14285227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14285227/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">4B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD5531DFF24FB35FCC40F64" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FB35FEF10ED6" blockId="12.[189,324,1186,1212]" box="[189,324,1186,1212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="6E22093CFFD5531DFF24FB35FEF10ED6" bold="true" box="[189,324,1186,1212]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFF24FB35FEF10ED6" bold="true" box="[189,324,1186,1212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FB47FCC40F64" blockId="12.[189,1399,1232,1294]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">This species is named in reference to its known distribution range, which comprises dryer and warmer inland habitats than those of the other species of the genus.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD5531DFF24FAA2FE490C96" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FAA2FE1F0F25" blockId="12.[189,426,1333,1359]" box="[189,426,1333,1359]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="6E22093CFFD5531DFF24FAA2FE1F0F25" bold="true" box="[189,426,1333,1359]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFF24FAA2FE1F0F25" bold="true" box="[189,426,1333,1359]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material examined</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF73FAF3FEE90F14" blockId="12.[189,1398,1380,1476]" box="[234,348,1380,1406]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFF73FAF3FEE90F14" bold="true" box="[234,348,1380,1406]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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||
<typeStatus id="EA6E00F2FFD5531DFF73FAF3FEE90F14" box="[234,348,1380,1406]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
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</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FA10FAAF0FAE" blockId="12.[189,1398,1380,1476]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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||
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD5531DFF24FA10FAAF0FAE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284333" collectingDate="2019-07-23" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="S. Hansen" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.509617" location="De Doorns" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.529984" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="JHAR02442" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape province" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<collectingCountry id="4DC2FEC0FFD5531DFF24FA10FDFB0FCB" box="[189,590,1415,1441]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
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• ♂;
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||
<collectingRegion id="F71170B2FFD5531DFD13FA10FC280FCB" box="[650,925,1415,1441]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Western Cape province</collectingRegion>
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||
,
|
||
<location id="300AE88BFFD5531DFC31FA10FB9E0FCB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BD7C0F46FFD5531EFDA4FB8EFC470F72:300AE88BFFD5531DFC31FA10FB9E0FCB" box="[936,1067,1415,1441]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.509617" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.529984" name="De Doorns" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" stateProvince="Western Cape province">De Doorns</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD5531DFBAFFA12FB790FCB" box="[1078,1228,1413,1441]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="30.577" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="-33.509617">33º30.577ʹ S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD5531DFB41FA12FAC40FCB" box="[1240,1393,1413,1441]" degrees="19" direction="east" minutes="31.799" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="19.529984">19º31.799ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date id="416B9890FFD5531DFF24FA3DFEE40FAE" box="[189,337,1450,1476]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2019-07-23">
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||
<collectingDate id="512F6178FFD5531DFF24FA3DFEE40FAE" box="[189,337,1450,1476]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2019-07-23">23 Jul. 2019</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
;
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||
<collectorName id="9820DB86FFD5531DFEC4FA3DFE610FAE" box="[349,468,1450,1476]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. Hansen</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; at base of
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<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD5531DFD14FA3DFCC90FAE" box="[653,892,1450,1476]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFD14FA3DFCC90FAE" box="[653,892,1450,1476]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Plantago lanceolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD5531DFC15FA3DFC6D0FAE" box="[908,984,1450,1476]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CBGP</collectionCode>
|
||
code
|
||
<specimenCode id="6573162BFFD5531DFB84FA3DFB060FAE" box="[1053,1203,1450,1476]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">JHAR02442</specimenCode>
|
||
; SAMC.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF73FA7CFED20C6F" blockId="12.[189,1399,1515,1788]" box="[234,359,1515,1541]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFF73FA7CFED20C6F" bold="true" box="[234,359,1515,1541]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="EA6E00F2FFD5531DFF73FA7CFED20C6F" box="[234,359,1515,1541]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24F998FE490C96" blockId="12.[189,1399,1515,1788]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD5531DFF24F998FE3D0C26" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284302" collectingDate="2019-07-23" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="De Doorns & S. Hansen" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.509617" location="Western Cape province" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.529984" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Cape province" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="4DC2FEC0FFD5531DFF24F998FDD70C43" box="[189,610,1551,1577]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFD12F998FC0E0C42" bold="true" box="[651,955,1550,1577]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="F71170B2FFD5531DFD12F998FC0E0C42" box="[651,955,1550,1577]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Western Cape province</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD5531DFC46F998FBA70C43" box="[991,1042,1551,1577]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; same collection data as for holotype;
|
||
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD5531DFEACF9A5FE3D0C26" box="[309,392,1586,1612]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD5531DFE3CF9A5FAA10C05" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284343" collectingDate="2019-01-30" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="S. Hansen" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.513866" location="Idle Winds" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.5713" municipality="Hex River valley" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="JHAR02173" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD5531DFE3CF9A5FE660C26" box="[421,467,1586,1612]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD5531DFE7AF9A5FDA70C26" box="[483,530,1586,1612]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="D50E242AFFD5531DFDBBF9A5FD5A0C26" box="[546,751,1586,1612]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Hex River valley</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="300AE88BFFD5531DFD64F9A5FCCB0C26" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BD7C0F46FFD5531EFDA4FB8EFC470F72:300AE88BFFD5531DFD64F9A5FCCB0C26" box="[765,894,1586,1612]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.513866" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.5713" municipality="Hex River valley" name="Idle Winds" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" stateProvince="Western Cape">Idle Winds</location>
|
||
farm;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD5531DFC49F9A7FBDC0C26" box="[976,1129,1584,1612]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="30.832" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="-33.513866">33º30.832ʹ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD5531DFBE1F9A7FAA60C26" box="[1144,1299,1584,1612]" degrees="19" direction="east" minutes="34.278" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="1" value="19.5713">19º34.278ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="416B9890FFD5531DFAB8F9A5FF4E0C05" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2019-01-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="512F6178FFD5531DFAB8F9A5FF4E0C05" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2019-01-30">30 Jan. 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="9820DB86FFD5531DFE9EF9C2FECB0C05" box="[263,382,1621,1647]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. Hansen</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; under vine bark in table grape vineyard;
|
||
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD5531DFC04F9C2FC5C0C05" box="[925,1001,1621,1647]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CBGP</collectionCode>
|
||
code
|
||
<specimenCode id="6573162BFFD5531DFBB6F9C2FB700C05" box="[1071,1221,1621,1647]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">JHAR02173</specimenCode>
|
||
; SUIC
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD5531DFAB4F9C2FD010CDF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284353" collectingDate="2019-12-10" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="S. Hansen & J. Haran" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.513866" location="Idle Winds" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.5713" municipality="Hex River valley" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="JHAR03097" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD5531DFAB4F9C2FAC40C05" box="[1325,1393,1621,1647]" count="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD5531DFF24F9EFFEB50CF9" box="[189,256,1656,1683]" count="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; same locality as for preceding;
|
||
<date id="416B9890FFD5531DFDE4F9EFFCAB0CF8" box="[637,798,1656,1683]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2019-12-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="512F6178FFD5531DFDE4F9EFFCAB0CF8" box="[637,798,1656,1683]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2019-12-10">10 Dec. 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="9820DB86FFD5531DFCB3F9EFFC140CF9" box="[810,929,1656,1683]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. Hansen</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="9820DB86FFD5531DFC43F9EEFB890CF9" box="[986,1084,1657,1683]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">J. Haran</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; at base of table grape vineyard;
|
||
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD5531DFEAAF90CFECA0CDF" box="[307,383,1691,1717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">CBGP</collectionCode>
|
||
code
|
||
<specimenCode id="6573162BFFD5531DFE5CF90CFDE90CDF" box="[453,604,1691,1717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">JHAR03097</specimenCode>
|
||
; CBGP
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD5531DFD55F90CFD440CB3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284366" collectingDate="1982-11-18" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="R. G. Oberprieler & C. D. Eardley" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.28" location="De Doorns" longLatPrecision="723" longitude="19.43" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD5531DFD55F90CFCA40CDC" box="[716,785,1691,1718]" count="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD5531DFC87F90CFCFE0CDC" box="[798,843,1691,1718]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="300AE88BFFD5531DFCC0F90BFC680CDC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BD7C0F46FFD5531EFDA4FB8EFC470F72:300AE88BFFD5531DFCC0F90BFC680CDC" box="[857,989,1692,1718]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.28" longLatPrecision="723" longitude="19.43" name="De Doorns" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" stateProvince="Western Cape">De Doorns</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD5531DFC70F90CFBFB0CDF" box="[1001,1102,1691,1717]" degrees="33.28" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="555" value="-33.28">33.28º S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD5531DFBC2F90CFB760CDC" box="[1115,1219,1691,1718]" degrees="19.43" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="555" value="19.43">19.43º E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="416B9890FFD5531DFB56F90CFAC70CDF" box="[1231,1394,1691,1718]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1982-11-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="512F6178FFD5531DFB56F90CFAC70CDF" box="[1231,1394,1691,1718]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1982-11-18">18 Nov. 1982</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="9820DB86FFD5531DFF24F928FE300CB2" box="[189,389,1726,1753]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R.G. Oberprieler</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="9820DB86FFD5531DFE58F928FDE80CB2" box="[449,605,1726,1753]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C.D. Eardley</collectorName>
|
||
leg.;
|
||
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD5531DFD3AF928FD440CB3" box="[675,753,1727,1753]" collectionName="South Africa, Pretoria, South African National Collection of Insects" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD5531DFC97F928FE4D0C96" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284304" collectingDate="1983-11-18" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="A. Schwartz" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.28" location="Robertson" longLatPrecision="723" longitude="19.53" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD5531DFC97F928FCE10CB3" box="[782,852,1727,1753]" count="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD5531DFCFBF928FC240CB3" box="[866,913,1727,1753]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="300AE88BFFD5531DFC38F929FBA80CB2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BD7C0F46FFD5531EFDA4FB8EFC470F72:300AE88BFFD5531DFC38F929FBA80CB2" box="[929,1053,1726,1752]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.28" longLatPrecision="723" longitude="19.53" name="Robertson" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" stateProvince="Western Cape">Robertson</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD5531DFBB2F928FB270CB3" box="[1067,1170,1727,1753]" degrees="33.28" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="555" value="-33.28">33.28º S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD5531DFB39F929FABF0CB3" box="[1184,1290,1726,1753]" degrees="19.53" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="555" value="19.53">19.53º E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="416B9890FFD5531DFA81F928FF4E0C96" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1983-11-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="512F6178FFD5531DFA81F928FF4E0C96" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1983-11-18">18 Nov. 1983</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="9820DB86FFD5531DFE9CF975FE2F0C96" box="[261,410,1762,1788]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. Schwartz</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD5531DFE3FF975FE4D0C96" box="[422,504,1762,1788]" collectionName="South Africa, Pretoria, South African National Collection of Insects" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD5531EFF24F8B4FD2D0860" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24F8B4FEFB0D57" blockId="12.[189,334,1827,1853]" box="[189,334,1827,1853]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<heading id="6E22093CFFD5531DFF24F8B4FEFB0D57" bold="true" box="[189,334,1827,1853]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFF24F8B4FEFB0D57" bold="true" box="[189,334,1827,1853]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24F8C5FE4F0D06" blockId="12.[189,506,1874,1900]" box="[189,506,1874,1900]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">BODY LENGTH. 7.0–8.0 mm.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531FFF24F804FCFB0B06" blockId="12.[189,1399,1939,2001]" lastBlockId="14.[189,1398,267,364]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
COLOUR. Body integument dark red, head and prothorax darker, usually black; vestiture of elytra consisting of a dense cover of small, elliptic scales, slightly longer than wide, not completely concealing integument; scales pale brown with spots of pearly green scales generally forming a transverse band in apical ⅔ of elytra, a short strip at base on 3
|
||
<superScript id="C2A01318FFD7531FFD7DFEBAFD470B51" attach="left" box="[740,754,301,315]" fontSize="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">rd</superScript>
|
||
interstria, longitudinal bands on basal half of sides of prothorax and a few dots on apical margin of prothorax.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD7531FFF24FE03FBB10939" blockId="14.[189,1399,403,852]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">HEAD. Rostrum longer than wide (w/l ratio: 0.80) in both sexes, base as wide as apex, sides slightly concave near middle of length; epifrons as wide at base as width of eye, at base narrower than distance between eyes, sides widening from base to apex, upper face with a longitudinal carina extending from basal transverse groove to nasal plate, visible through scales; nasal plate V-shaped, reaching level of antennal insertion basally, bare of scales, with short setae inserted in scattered punctures and 3 pairs of long setae apically near insertion of mandibles (2 short and 1 very long); antennal scrobes slightly curved in lateral view, directed to middle of eye, separated from it by a strip of scales as wide as diameter of eyes; mandibles trisetose, bare of scales. Forehead with a short longitudinal furrow between eyes, scales and setae arranged centripetally towards a point below base of eyes. Eyes protruding, surface almost conical in dorsal view. Antennae slender, scape 1.25 × as long as funicle, slightly bisinuate, subclavate at apex, exceeding anterior margin of prothorax in repose; funicle with segments 1–2 elongate, 1 shorter (0.70 ×) than 2, segments 3–7 longer than wide, conical, 3–5 shortening apicad, 5–6 widening apicad; club spindle-shaped, segment 1 longer than 2, margins slightly sinuous.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD7531FFF24FCEBFE820E48" blockId="14.[189,1399,891,1058]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">PROTHORAX. Slightly wider than long (w/l ratio: 1.20), widest slightly before middle of length, apical margin 0.75 × as wide as base, sides rounded, apical half slightly concave; integument forming a dense cover of elongate granules orientated parallel to median carina and two slight depressions on each side of median carina; median carina raised, smooth and shiny, not reaching apical and basal margins of prothorax.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD7531FFF24FBDDFBF70EA7" blockId="14.[189,1398,1097,1229]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ELYTRA. Sides slightly convex, widest before middle of length (w/l ratio: 0.73–0.77), integument smooth, shiny, finely punctate, interstriae raised, 2–4 × as wide as width of striae in basal half; large declivital callosities present on apical ¼ of interstriae 3, 5 and 7 and smaller ones on 2, 4, 6 and 8; each interstria with a series of semi-erect, elongate whitish scales, condensed on callosities.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD7531FFF24FB63FADD0FF1" blockId="14.[189,1398,1268,1436]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
ABDOMEN. Underside with pearly green or pearly brown scales, not concealing integument, more condensed on metanepisterna; ventrite 1 shorter than 2+ 3+4, slightly convex in middle (
|
||
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD7531FFB4BFA8FFB500F58" box="[1234,1253,1304,1330]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
) or concave with erect setae slightly shorter than claws (♂), ventrite 5 longer than 3+4, with erect setae in middle and near apex and a smooth longitudinal carina (
|
||
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD7531FFC95FAC9FCAA0F12" box="[780,799,1374,1400]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
) or with large cavity extending on apical ⅔, with long erect setae condensed on margins and along a longitudinal line at bottom of cavity (♂) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD7531FFB67FA16FAEE0FF1" box="[1278,1371,1409,1435]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[249,1342,301,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[226,1361,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 3 (opposite page). A–B. Ventrites of males of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 (left: ventrites 1–5, right: ventrite 5). A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. C–D. Ventrite 5. C. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. D. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov. E–F. Vestiture of basal right side of elytra. E. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826) (left). F. P. littoralis Haran sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900304/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD7531FFF24FA54FBEC0C6A" blockId="14.[189,1398,1474,1536]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">LEGS. Femora clavate, unarmed, with a ring of more condensed pale scales near middle; tibiae straight, unarmed, slightly bisinuate on ventral side; claws simple, free, equal in length.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD7531FFF24F9B0FB020CA4" blockId="14.[189,1399,1575,1742]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
GENITALIA. Body of penis short, 0.5 × as long as apodemes, sides bisinuate, widest above middle of length, converging from there towards apex, apex pointed (w/l ratio: 0.50), in lateral view curvature weak and regular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD7531FFE00F9FAFE420CE2" box="[409,503,1645,1672]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[252,1379,330,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[189,1398,308,1806]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 2. Penis of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826, in dorsal (left) and lateral (right) view, and copulatory sclerite (top right). A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. C. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. D. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. E. P. littoralis Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. F. P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. Scale bars = 500 µm. Copulatory sclerite not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900302/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
); endophallus with a sclerotised plate forming a square angle below base of body of penis; copulatory sclerite with left arm as long as body, strongly curved inwards, not bearing setae; comb of right arm with setae converging; right area of body wider than left area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="61AAEED8FFD7531FFF24F8A8FEAB0D8C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900304" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3900304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900304/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[189,232,1855,1881]" targetBox="[249,1342,301,1975]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD7531FFF24F8A8FEAB0D8C" blockId="14.[189,1399,1855,2022]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFF24F8A8FEB20D33" bold="true" box="[189,263,1855,1881]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 3</emphasis>
|
||
(opposite page).
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFE45F8A8FDA60D33" bold="true" box="[476,531,1855,1881]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A–B</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventrites of males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD7531FFCB4F8A8FB300D33" authority="Schoenherr, 1826" authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1826" box="[813,1157,1855,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFCB4F8A8FC1C0D33" box="[813,937,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Phlyctinus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5144C3A1FFD7531FFC2DF8A8FB300D33" author="Schoenherr C. J." box="[948,1157,1855,1881]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref16598" refString="Schoenherr C. J. 1826. Curculionidum Dispositio Methodica, cum Generum Characteribus, Descriptionibus atque Observationibus variis, seu Prodromus ad Synonymiae Insectorum, Partem IV. Fleischer, Leipzig [Lipsiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9327" type="book" year="1826">Schoenherr, 1826</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(left: ventrites 1–5, right: ventrite 5).
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFE13F8F5FE2A0D16" bold="true" box="[394,415,1890,1916]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD7531FFE37F8F4FCA30D17" authority="(Schoenherr, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Schoenherr" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[430,790,1890,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="callosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFE37F8F4FD9F0D16" box="[430,554,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. callosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5144C3A1FFD7531FFDA0F8F5FCB80D17" author="Schoenherr C. J." box="[569,781,1890,1917]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref16598" refString="Schoenherr C. J. 1826. Curculionidum Dispositio Methodica, cum Generum Characteribus, Descriptionibus atque Observationibus variis, seu Prodromus ad Synonymiae Insectorum, Partem IV. Fleischer, Leipzig [Lipsiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9327" type="book" year="1826">Schoenherr, 1826</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFCB9F8F5FC810D16" bold="true" box="[800,820,1890,1916]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD7531FFCDBF8F4FBFA0D16" authority="Haran" authorityName="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[834,1103,1890,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grootbosensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFCDBF8F4FBB50D16" box="[834,1024,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. grootbosensis</emphasis>
|
||
Haran
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD7531FFBCFF8F5FB050D16" box="[1110,1200,1890,1916]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFB2FF8F5FB5A0D16" bold="true" box="[1206,1263,1890,1916]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C–D</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventrite 5.
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFF24F812FF670DF5" bold="true" box="[189,210,1925,1951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD7531FFF7AF811FE780DCA" authority="Haran" authorityName="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[227,461,1925,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xerophilus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFF7AF811FEC90DF5" box="[227,380,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. xerophilus</emphasis>
|
||
Haran
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD7531FFE4FF811FD810DCA" box="[470,564,1926,1952]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="EA6E00F2FFD7531FFDDBF812FD1C0DF5" box="[578,681,1925,1951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
♂.
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFD41F812FD580DF5" bold="true" box="[728,749,1925,1951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD7531FFD64F811FC430DCA" authority="Haran" authorityName="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[765,1014,1925,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planithorax" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFD64F811FC100DF5" box="[765,933,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. planithorax</emphasis>
|
||
Haran
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD7531FFC66F811FBEE0DCA" box="[1023,1115,1926,1952]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFBFAF812FB220DF5" bold="true" box="[1123,1175,1925,1951]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">E–F</emphasis>
|
||
. Vestiture of basal right side of elytra.
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFE3EF83EFE0E0DA9" bold="true" box="[423,443,1961,1987]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD7531FFE53F83EFC870DA9" authority="(Schoenherr, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Schoenherr" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[458,818,1960,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="callosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFE53F83EFDFD0DA8" box="[458,584,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. callosus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5144C3A1FFD7531FFDC1F83FFC9F0DA9" author="Schoenherr C. J." box="[600,810,1960,1987]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref16598" refString="Schoenherr C. J. 1826. Curculionidum Dispositio Methodica, cum Generum Characteribus, Descriptionibus atque Observationibus variis, seu Prodromus ad Synonymiae Insectorum, Partem IV. Fleischer, Leipzig [Lipsiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9327" type="book" year="1826">Schoenherr, 1826</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(left).
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFC1CF83EFC220DA9" bold="true" box="[901,919,1961,1987]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">F</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD7531FFC3EF83EFBCF0DA9" authority="Haran" authorityName="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[935,1146,1960,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="littoralis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD7531FFC3EF83EFB9C0DA8" box="[935,1065,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">P. littoralis</emphasis>
|
||
Haran
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD7531FFB1BF83EFB680DA9" box="[1154,1245,1961,1987]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Scale bars =
|
||
<quantity id="F22D13B5FFD7531FFF24F85CFEAF0D8C" box="[189,282,1995,2022]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD6531EFF24FE9CFE050B4F" blockId="15.[189,432,267,293]" box="[189,432,267,293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<heading id="6E22093CFFD6531EFF24FE9CFE050B4F" bold="true" box="[189,432,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFF24FE9CFE050B4F" bold="true" box="[189,432,267,293]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sexual dimorphism</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD6531EFF24FEAEFB6E0B3E" blockId="15.[189,1243,313,340]" box="[189,1243,313,340]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Males may be distinguished externally from females by the cavity and setae on ventrite 5.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD6531EFF24FEECFEFA0BFF" blockId="15.[189,335,379,405]" box="[189,335,379,405]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<heading id="6E22093CFFD6531EFF24FEECFEFA0BFF" bold="true" box="[189,335,379,405]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFF24FEECFEFA0BFF" bold="true" box="[189,335,379,405]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Life history</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD6531EFF24FE3EFD2D0860" blockId="15.[189,1399,425,522]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD6531EFEAEFE3DFE640BA9" authority="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp, 2020" authorityName="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[311,465,425,451]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xerophilus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFEAEFE3DFE640BA9" box="[311,465,425,451]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. xerophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD6531EFE43FE3DFD820BAE" box="[474,567,426,452]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
have been found at the base of vines and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD6531EFBAFFE3EFA920BA9" box="[1078,1319,425,451]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Plantago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFBAFFE3EFA920BA9" box="[1078,1319,425,451]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Plantago lanceolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
plants in table grape vineyards (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD6531EFE71FE5AFDF00B8D" box="[488,581,461,487]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1817,1843]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,286,2013]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[244,1344,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 4 (opposite page). Habitus in natura, host plants and biotopes of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 species. A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov. C–D. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. and its host plant, Osteospermum moniliferum L. E–F. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov. and its host plant, Hymenolepis crithmifolia (L.) Greuter. G–H. Biotope and host plant (Arctotis angustifolia L.) of P. littoralis Haran sp. nov. I–J. P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov. on its host plant, Aloe arborescens Mill., with details of feeding damage on floral peduncle ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14285227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14285227/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The host plants of the larvae are unknown. Adults were collected in January, July, September and December.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD6531EFF24FDA6FEBE08F7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD6531EFF24FDA6FEE30821" blockId="15.[189,342,561,587]" box="[189,342,561,587]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<heading id="6E22093CFFD6531EFF24FDA6FEE30821" bold="true" box="[189,342,561,587]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFF24FDA6FEE30821" bold="true" box="[189,342,561,587]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD6531EFF24FDF7FEBE08F7" blockId="15.[189,1398,608,669]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">As currently known, this species seems to occur naturally in the region of Robertson and the Hex River valley.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD6531EFF24FD52FC470F72" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD6531EFF24FD52FE9A08B5" blockId="15.[189,303,709,735]" box="[189,303,709,735]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<heading id="6E22093CFFD6531EFF24FD52FE9A08B5" bold="true" box="[189,303,709,735]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFF24FD52FE9A08B5" bold="true" box="[189,303,709,735]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD6531EFF24FD64FADD09D7" blockId="15.[189,1399,755,958]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD6531EFF24FD64FE010967" authority="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp, 2020" authorityName="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[189,436,755,781]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xerophilus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFF24FD64FE010967" box="[189,436,755,781]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Phlyctinus xerophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD6531EFE20FD63FDA50964" box="[441,528,756,782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD6531EFD39FD63FCAC0967" baseAuthorityName="Schoenherr" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[672,793,755,781]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="callosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFD39FD63FCAC0967" box="[672,793,755,781]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. callosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differs from it by the erect setae along the median line of the cavity of ventrite 5 of the males (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD6531EFD36FC81FCBD095A" box="[687,776,790,816]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[249,1342,301,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[226,1361,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 3 (opposite page). A–B. Ventrites of males of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 (left: ventrites 1–5, right: ventrite 5). A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. C–D. Ventrite 5. C. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. D. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov. E–F. Vestiture of basal right side of elytra. E. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826) (left). F. P. littoralis Haran sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900304/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is also slightly larger, more elongate and has larger elytral tubercles on the declivity than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD6531EFDE1FCADFD410939" baseAuthorityName="Schoenherr" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[632,756,825,851]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="callosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFDE1FCADFD410939" box="[632,756,825,851]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. callosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Females of the two species are difficult to distinguish morphologically. As knowledge stands, there seems to be only a small overlap between their distribution ranges and therefore the geographical origin of specimens can assist in their identification. The two species can also be distinguished using their
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFDFAFC34FD2009D7" box="[611,661,931,957]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">COI</emphasis>
|
||
sequences, which show divergences ranging from 9.2 to 9.8%.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD6531EFF24FC73FC470F72" blockId="15.[189,1399,996,1305]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
The sequencing of other specimens morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD6531EFC3EFC72FBF50994" authority="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp, 2020" authorityName="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[935,1088,996,1022]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xerophilus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFC3EFC72FBF50994" box="[935,1088,996,1022]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. xerophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD6531EFBDEFC72FB160995" box="[1095,1187,997,1023]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="78578BEBFFD6531EFB2BFC73FABC0995" box="[1202,1289,996,1023]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[188,257,541,569]" captionTargetId="graphics@3.[188,1942,1168,1221]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Details of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 and Oosomus Schoenherr, 1823 specimens used for the preliminary molecular analysis of the COI sequence. Abberviation: nb = number of specimens from the series analysed." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/61AAEED8FFDA5312FF25FD8AFBF70836" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" tableUuid="61AAEED8FFDA5312FF25FD8AFBF70836">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
) showed that this species contains at least four mitochondrial lineages (
|
||
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD6531EFC08FB9FFC620E48" box="[913,983,1031,1058]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1923,1949]" captionTargetBox="[249,1378,546,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[189,1398,514,1882]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 5. PhyML tree of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 species inferred from mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase I (COI, 658 base pairs). Bootstrap support values as obtained from 1000 replicates (*above 80, ** above 95). Specimens codes were shortened for representation: JHAR0 = J and _0101 = -1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900308/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) found in populations from distinct localities. Uncorrected p-distances between all these lineages ranged from 5.5 and 8.5%. Preliminary observations made on series of specimens from these localities showed subtle morphological differences that suggest that this species could be a complex of closely related or cryptic species. A formal treatment of this complex has not been undertaken here due to limited fresh material available. It will be the focus of a future study. All specimens found to date run to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD6531EFCF1FB2FFBB50EB8" authority="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp, 2020" authorityName="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[872,1024,1208,1234]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xerophilus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFCF1FB2FFBB50EB8" box="[872,1024,1208,1234]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. xerophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD6531EFB9FFB2FFBD40EB8" box="[1030,1121,1208,1234]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in the key provided. As knowledge stands, only the specimens described formally here as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD6531EFC5AFB4BFBEE0E9F" authority="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp, 2020" authorityName="Haran & Hansen & Benoit & Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[963,1115,1243,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xerophilus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD6531EFC5AFB4BFBEE0E9F" box="[963,1115,1243,1269]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. xerophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD6531EFBFBFB4CFB080E9F" box="[1122,1213,1243,1269]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are agricultural pests. Other specimens were found in natural or semi-natural habitats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |