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<document id="9A9D9348EA480FF9905C942925D588DD" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2020.669" ID-GBIF-Dataset="47b43e12-37bc-4b2c-b654-0e668351cc97" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3900298" ID-ZooBank="06FEC792-67DE-46F1-A5D3-4B0F17AF3B73" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1592505667257" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Haran, Julien M., Hansen, Steffan, Benoit, Laure &amp; Addison, Pia" docDate="2020" docId="BD7C0F46FFD0531DFDB2FA81FC6D09B6" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-669_haran_hansen_addison.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 669 (669)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Phlyctinus grootbosensis Haran &amp; Hansen &amp; Benoit &amp; Cbgp 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="E9F2C348-E57C-4B83-A464-7E6F1896BF12" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="4145773EFFD95311FF99FF97FFB50A6A" masterDocTitle="Description of five new species in the genus Phlyctinus Schoenherr (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): a first step in deciphering the P. callosus complex" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1733426279942" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="16F40CF1485791FD7786C8A34E4424EC">
<mods:title id="3475481BF7540D8940C5F8CBC8983E01">Description of five new species in the genus Phlyctinus Schoenherr (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): a first step in deciphering the P. callosus complex</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F923C226A974BF915CC8AEF5618D9F96" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3D86E911E1F477F5D6FA6338C6549087">
<mods:roleTerm id="10BCBBC7205C5FF9B03809E0D70AC148">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0C733233FEAA9F9143078431B24E80F9">Haran, Julien M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="41CB11E45D8F1AC62ED1EE189AC69905" type="LSID">A04E1722-994A-44AD-8FD2-28DC0F220805</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="403D1C80EFD32B4811DB081FBF61A293">CBGP, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, INRA, IRD, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France. &amp; Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0EBD2B88BF4EEA77E4DDC7588C401D36" type="email">julien.haran@cirad.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="EEAAFB2F76F018827E5AE7042F864A87" type="personal">
<mods:role id="67541C5256D7ED629F39323B6A88D6A9">
<mods:roleTerm id="6828C3BCB86C28CBED311DDD9D19A1DD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="46BEF348F1F586616B06357435E7939A">Hansen, Steffan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FD66C7A83A3253C551ACCFF3582C3BE2" type="LSID">52F0FC34-03F6-4F04-A1AA-FE7607B0EFBC</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="55EA8BBBE5DD4648A8D27B6794212BBE">Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9BA290D4FA21D65DA06C910604F65A15" type="email">shansen.rsa@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0711B159986E571878306D3204479E54" type="personal">
<mods:role id="54A8D1873943B845B527D964E8494695">
<mods:roleTerm id="DF6AA86404B461FC80CC500BEF211336">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="27869910D8EAE0AC504BE4DA8F2B6E19">Benoit, Laure</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E4216B08B7CC29065DE8C60BE12687F3" type="LSID">61963F74-724B-4174-9E9A-8817A3516B0E</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9EF43E1166941345119B7D95BE79226B">CBGP, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, INRA, IRD, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5F6E2CD503114DB5315C535E7B1331EA" type="email">laure.benoit@cirad.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1A73AF6D33AC6E8594C673DED79F2E62" type="personal">
<mods:role id="72F8F56260A9FD3522F9C8CFE605DE68">
<mods:roleTerm id="D7191CDD1616443114E5C3C01F6AA466">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2C566312475E7B71D16CB4C3D839D9CC">Addison, Pia</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0D1A2822AE9565273BFAA98893E59076" type="LSID">A84CE8F2-E423-4ABF-815C-35169E6E42E5</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="10CEE6F9EACAC5DBF9913B8C775526B3">Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B6FC0FE252093971035B263A3E5276AF" type="email">pia@sun.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="554F0AE7A4DDC704D93CF82BA5470E1C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="378E929E05B1D3EF1272C66D84B9519D">
<mods:title id="53601C70A4DFBE38063531988A6DB188">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2D658921C6B96C2D1417977442198895">
<mods:date id="B3668B9EA110EAEB362E33FD656BFD10">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="DF618B2D1E3C75BB4D15B19E6E377163" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="64B32536D811995AF6F95CCF4174D540">2020-06-18</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="2383DFD630276DA5AEF2FCD177703FA4" type="volume">
<mods:number id="4B5942837E8B51A7645358FB71FCACEE">669</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BCD68D4527FC7D1A27E39A57C716A520">669</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="37345A044FB4D007DC5007472FF21F2B">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="69E6840E6CB84801A950224B41766362">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="DC4181F33246F4BFC3EFC1660C8618CE" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2020.669</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="65507C13ED6457503DAA6A6CCDE78542" type="GBIF-Dataset">47b43e12-37bc-4b2c-b654-0e668351cc97</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="60F48A125438161D5EB03654836E3DDE" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="060A7A68B7F416A98C28F590FAA3EE23" type="Zenodo-Dep">3900298</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D6899C3B306C30609A65520775C61CF3" type="ZooBank">06FEC792-67DE-46F1-A5D3-4B0F17AF3B73</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="BD7C0F46FFD0531DFDB2FA81FC6D09B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5662134" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164615710" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5662134" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E9F2C348-E57C-4B83-A464-7E6F1896BF12" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD7C0F46FFD0531DFDB2FA81FC6D09B6" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" scope_family="Curculionidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Entiminae" scope_superFamily="Curculionoidea" scope_tribe="Oosomini">
<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD05318FDB2FA81FBBC0F5B" box="[555,1033,1302,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD05318FDB2FA81FBBC0F5B" blockId="9.[372,1215,1302,1399]" box="[555,1033,1302,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="6E22093CFFD05318FDB2FA81FBBC0F5B" box="[555,1033,1302,1329]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD05318FDB2FA81FC120F5B" ID-CoL="8KBN3" authority="Haran" authorityName="Haran &amp; Hansen &amp; Benoit &amp; Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[555,935,1302,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grootbosensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD05318FDB2FA81FCED0F5B" bold="true" box="[555,856,1302,1329]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Phlyctinus grootbosensis</emphasis>
Haran
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD05318FC37FA80FBBC0F5B" box="[942,1033,1303,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD05318FEEDFAAEFC240F1D" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD05318FEEDFAAEFB0A0F3E" blockId="9.[372,1215,1302,1399]" box="[372,1215,1337,1364]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<uri id="4144B252FFD05318FEEDFAAEFB0A0F3E" box="[372,1215,1337,1364]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="41738485FFD05318FD0FFAAEFB0A0F3E" box="[662,1215,1337,1364]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E9F2C348-E57C-4B83-A464-7E6F1896BF12</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD05318FD3BFACAFC240F1D" blockId="9.[372,1215,1302,1399]" box="[674,913,1373,1399]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD05318FD3BFACAFCB50F1D" box="[674,768,1373,1399]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1886,1912]" captionTargetBox="[192,1395,350,1949]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[189,1398,319,1964]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 1 (opposite page). Habitus of species of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 males (left) and females (right). A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. C. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. D. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. E. P. littoralis Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. F. P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. Scale bars = 3 mm ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14285225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14285225/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 1B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD05318FC94FACAFC870F1D" box="[781,818,1373,1399]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[252,1379,330,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[189,1398,308,1806]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 2. Penis of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826, in dorsal (left) and lateral (right) view, and copulatory sclerite (top right). A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. C. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. D. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. E. P. littoralis Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. F. P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. Scale bars = 500 µm. Copulatory sclerite not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900302/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD05318FCA7FACAFCD60F1D" box="[830,867,1373,1399]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[249,1342,301,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[226,1361,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 3 (opposite page). A–B. Ventrites of males of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 (left: ventrites 1–5, right: ventrite 5). A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. C–D. Ventrite 5. C. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. D. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov. E–F. Vestiture of basal right side of elytra. E. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826) (left). F. P. littoralis Haran sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900304/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">3B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD05318FCF6FACAFC240F1D" box="[879,913,1373,1399]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1817,1843]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,286,2013]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[244,1344,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 4 (opposite page). Habitus in natura, host plants and biotopes of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 species. A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov. C–D. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. and its host plant, Osteospermum moniliferum L. E–F. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov. and its host plant, Hymenolepis crithmifolia (L.) Greuter. G–H. Biotope and host plant (Arctotis angustifolia L.) of P. littoralis Haran sp. nov. I–J. P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov. on its host plant, Aloe arborescens Mill., with details of feeding damage on floral peduncle ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14285227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14285227/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">4C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD05318FF24FA09FD0B0C60" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD05318FF24FA09FEF10FD2" blockId="9.[189,324,1438,1464]" box="[189,324,1438,1464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="6E22093CFFD05318FF24FA09FEF10FD2" bold="true" box="[189,324,1438,1464]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="3">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD05318FF24FA09FEF10FD2" bold="true" box="[189,324,1438,1464]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD05318FF24FA5AFD0B0C60" blockId="9.[189,1399,1485,1546]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
This species is named in reference to its
<typeStatus id="EA6E00F2FFD05318FD1FFA5AFD0C0F8D" box="[646,697,1485,1511]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
locality, the Grootbos Private Nature Reserve.As knowledge stands, this species is endemic to this place.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD05318FF24F9BDFEA30D83" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD05318FF24F9BDFE1F0C2E" blockId="9.[189,426,1578,1604]" box="[189,426,1578,1604]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="6E22093CFFD05318FF24F9BDFE1F0C2E" bold="true" box="[189,426,1578,1604]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="3">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD05318FF24F9BDFE1F0C2E" bold="true" box="[189,426,1578,1604]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD05318FF73F9CEFEE90C19" blockId="9.[189,1399,1625,1756]" box="[234,348,1625,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD05318FF73F9CEFEE90C19" bold="true" box="[234,348,1625,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="EA6E00F2FFD05318FF73F9CEFEE90C19" box="[234,348,1625,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD05318FF24F9EBFE4C0CB6" blockId="9.[189,1399,1625,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD05318FF24F9EBFE4C0CB6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284348" collectingDate="2018-06-06" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.53927" location="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.411383" municipality="Gansbaai" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCode="JHAR01082" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape province" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="4DC2FEC0FFD05318FF24F9EBFDE90CFC" box="[189,604,1660,1686]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
• ♂;
<collectingRegion id="F71170B2FFD05318FD3CF9EBFC740CFF" box="[677,961,1659,1686]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Western Cape province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="D50E242AFFD05318FC49F9ECFBF50CFF" box="[976,1088,1659,1685]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gansbaai</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="300AE88BFFD05318FBC9F9ECFE950CD3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BD7C0F46FFD0531DFDB2FA81FC6D09B6:300AE88BFFD05318FBC9F9ECFE950CD3" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.53927" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.411383" municipality="Gansbaai" name="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Western Cape province">Grootbos Private Nature Reserve</location>
:
<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD05318FEB3F90AFE0A0CD3" box="[298,447,1693,1721]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="32.356" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="1" value="-34.53927">34º32.356ʹ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD05318FE52F90AFDD60CD3" box="[459,611,1693,1721]" degrees="19" direction="east" minutes="24.683" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="1" value="19.411383">19º24.683ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="416B9890FFD05318FDF7F908FD420CD3" box="[622,759,1695,1721]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2018-06-06">
<collectingDate id="512F6178FFD05318FDF7F908FD420CD3" box="[622,759,1695,1721]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2018-06-06">6 Jun. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="9820DB86FFD05318FC98F908FCD70CD3" box="[769,866,1695,1721]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">J. Haran</collectorName>
leg.; at base of
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD05318FB8CF908FB520CD3" box="[1045,1255,1695,1721]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burchellii">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD05318FB8CF908FB520CD3" box="[1045,1255,1695,1721]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Senecio burchellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DC.;
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD05318FAB2F908FAC20CD3" box="[1323,1399,1695,1721]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">CBGP</collectionCode>
code
<specimenCode id="6573162BFFD05318FF65F955FE270CB6" box="[252,402,1730,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">JHAR01082</specimenCode>
; SAMC.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD05318FF73F96BFED20D7C" blockId="9.[189,1399,1788,2025]" box="[234,359,1788,1814]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD05318FF73F96BFED20D7C" bold="true" box="[234,359,1788,1814]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="EA6E00F2FFD05318FF73F96BFED20D7C" box="[234,359,1788,1814]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD05318FF24F888FEA30D83" blockId="9.[189,1399,1788,2025]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD05318FF24F888FE470DEA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284306" collectedFrom="on Osteospermum moniliferum" collectingDate="2018-08-10" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.526817" location="REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.490883" municipality="Gansbaai" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCode="JHAR01300" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="4DC2FEC0FFD05318FF24F888FDE80D53" box="[189,605,1823,1849]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD05318FDE6F888FD050D50" box="[639,688,1823,1850]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD05318FD5BF888FD460D50" box="[706,755,1823,1850]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for holotype;
<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD05318FB4FF88AFAC40D53" box="[1238,1393,1821,1849]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="31.609" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="1" value="-34.526817">34º31.609ʹ S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="50E1D897FFD05318FF24F8D7FEED0D37" box="[189,344,1856,1885]" degrees="19" direction="east" minutes="29.453" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="1" value="19.490883">19º29.453ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="416B9890FFD05318FEFFF8D5FDBE0D36" box="[358,523,1858,1884]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2018-08-10">
<collectingDate id="512F6178FFD05318FEFFF8D5FDBE0D36" box="[358,523,1858,1884]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2018-08-10">10 Aug. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="9820DB86FFD05318FD80F8D4FDC80D37" box="[537,637,1859,1885]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">J. Haran</collectorName>
leg.; sweeping by night,
<collectedFrom id="86C9FDADFFD05318FC35F8D4FAAC0D36" box="[940,1305,1858,1885]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
on
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD05318FC4BF8D4FAAC0D36" box="[978,1305,1858,1885]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Osteospermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moniliferum">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD05318FC4BF8D4FAAC0D36" box="[978,1305,1858,1885]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Osteospermum moniliferum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
;
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD05318FAB2F8D5FAC20D36" box="[1323,1399,1858,1884]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">CBGP</collectionCode>
code
<specimenCode id="6573162BFFD05318FF65F8F1FE260DEA" box="[252,403,1894,1920]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">JHAR01300</specimenCode>
; SAMC
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD05318FD94F8F1FB130DEA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284335" box="[525,1190,1893,1920]" collectedFrom="on Osteospermum moniliferum" collectingDate="2018-08-10" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.526817" location="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.490883" municipality="Gansbaai" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD05318FD94F8F1FD8E0DEA" box="[525,571,1894,1920]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD05318FDD0F8F1FDC20DEA" box="[585,631,1894,1920]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD05318FBD7F8F1FB130DEA" box="[1102,1190,1894,1920]" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">BMNH</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD05318FB58F8F1FD3C0DC9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284303" collectedFrom="on Osteospermum moniliferum" collectingDate="2018-08-10" collectionCode="CBGP" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.526817" location="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.490883" municipality="Gansbaai" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD05318FB58F8F1FB5A0DEA" box="[1217,1263,1894,1920]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD05318FB64F8F1FA9E0DEA" box="[1277,1323,1894,1920]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD05318FDA4F81EFD3C0DC9" box="[573,649,1929,1955]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">CBGP</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD05318FD3BF81EFA9F0DC9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284329" box="[674,1322,1929,1955]" collectedFrom="on Osteospermum moniliferum" collectingDate="2018-08-10" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.526817" location="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.490883" municipality="Gansbaai" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD05318FD3BF81EFD7A0DC9" box="[674,719,1929,1955]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD05318FD45F81EFCBC0DC9" box="[732,777,1929,1955]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD05318FB45F81EFA9F0DC9" box="[1244,1322,1929,1955]" collectionName="South Africa, Pretoria, South African National Collection of Insects" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="85BDB40DFFD05318FADAF81EFEA70D83" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2640284317" collectedFrom="on Osteospermum moniliferum" collectingDate="2018-08-10" collectionCode="SUIC, TMSA" collectorName="J. Haran" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.526817" location="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.490883" municipality="Gansbaai" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD05318FADAF81EFAC50DC9" box="[1347,1392,1929,1955]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD05318FF24F83BFF580DAC" box="[189,237,1964,1990]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD05318FD4DF83BFCAE0DAC" box="[724,795,1964,1990]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">SUIC</collectionCode>
. 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="53C42695FFD05318FF24F858FEA70D83" box="[189,274,1999,2025]" collectionName="South Africa, Gauteng, Pretoria, Transvaal Museum" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s8gp-ktsi" name="Transvaal Museum" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">TMSA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="61AAEED8FFD3531BFF24F8A8FEA80D8F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900302" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3900302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900302/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[189,232,1855,1881]" targetBox="[252,1379,330,1800]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD3531BFF24F8A8FEA80D8F" blockId="10.[189,1399,1855,2022]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFF24F8A8FEB80D33" bold="true" box="[189,269,1855,1881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
Penis of
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD3531BFE1BF8A8FD6E0D33" authority="Schoenherr, 1826" authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1826" box="[386,731,1855,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFE1BF8A8FE4B0D33" box="[386,510,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Phlyctinus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5144C3A1FFD3531BFD91F8A8FD6E0D33" author="Schoenherr C. J." box="[520,731,1855,1881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref16598" refString="Schoenherr C. J. 1826. Curculionidum Dispositio Methodica, cum Generum Characteribus, Descriptionibus atque Observationibus variis, seu Prodromus ad Synonymiae Insectorum, Partem IV. Fleischer, Leipzig [Lipsiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9327" type="book" year="1826">Schoenherr, 1826</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in dorsal (left) and lateral (right) view, and copulatory sclerite (top right).
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFE02F8F5FE050D16" bold="true" box="[411,432,1890,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD3531BFE27F8F4FC960D17" authority="(Schoenherr, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="Schoenherr" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[446,803,1890,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="callosus">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFE27F8F4FD8C0D16" box="[446,569,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. callosus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5144C3A1FFD3531BFDDEF8F5FCAF0D17" author="Schoenherr C. J." box="[583,794,1890,1917]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref16598" refString="Schoenherr C. J. 1826. Curculionidum Dispositio Methodica, cum Generum Characteribus, Descriptionibus atque Observationibus variis, seu Prodromus ad Synonymiae Insectorum, Partem IV. Fleischer, Leipzig [Lipsiae]. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9327" type="book" year="1826">Schoenherr, 1826</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFCB4F8F5FCF40D16" bold="true" box="[813,833,1890,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD3531BFCD7F8F4FBEC0D16" authority="Haran" authorityName="Haran &amp; Hansen &amp; Benoit &amp; Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[846,1113,1890,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grootbosensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFCD7F8F4FBBE0D16" box="[846,1035,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. grootbosensis</emphasis>
Haran
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD3531BFBC6F8F5FB0D0D16" box="[1119,1208,1890,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFB27F8F5FB660D16" bold="true" box="[1214,1235,1890,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD3531BFB79F8F4FEB00DCA" authority="Haran" authorityName="Haran &amp; Hansen &amp; Benoit &amp; Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xerophilus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFB79F8F4FAC20D16" box="[1248,1399,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. xerophilus</emphasis>
Haran
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD3531BFE95F811FEDD0DCA" box="[268,360,1926,1952]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype ♂.
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFD9CF812FDAF0DF5" bold="true" box="[517,538,1925,1951]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD3531BFDB0F811FCA80DCA" authority="Haran" authorityName="Haran &amp; Hansen &amp; Benoit &amp; Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[553,797,1925,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="planithorax" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFDB0F811FD7B0DF5" box="[553,718,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. planithorax</emphasis>
Haran
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD3531BFCBAF811FC350DCA" box="[803,896,1926,1952]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype ♂.
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFB84F812FB840DF5" bold="true" box="[1053,1073,1925,1951]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">E</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD3531BFBA6F811FABA0DCA" authority="Haran" authorityName="Haran &amp; Hansen &amp; Benoit &amp; Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[1087,1295,1925,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="littoralis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFBA6F811FB750DF5" box="[1087,1216,1925,1951]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. littoralis</emphasis>
Haran
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD3531BFA8CF811FAC70DCA" box="[1301,1394,1926,1952]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype ♂.
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFECBF83EFED10DA9" bold="true" box="[338,356,1961,1987]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">F</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD3531BFEEDF83EFDE20DA9" authority="Haran" authorityName="Haran &amp; Hansen &amp; Benoit &amp; Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[372,599,1960,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aloevorus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD3531BFEEDF83EFDB30DA8" box="[372,518,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. aloevorus</emphasis>
Haran
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD3531BFDC6F83EFD080DA9" box="[607,701,1961,1987]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype ♂. Scale bars = 500 µm. Copulatory sclerite not to scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD2531DFF24FE9CFBF20805" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD2531AFF24FE9CFEFB0B4F" blockId="11.[189,334,267,293]" box="[189,334,267,293]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="6E22093CFFD2531AFF24FE9CFEFB0B4F" bold="true" box="[189,334,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="3">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD2531AFF24FE9CFEFB0B4F" bold="true" box="[189,334,267,293]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD2531AFF24FEDAFE4F0B0D" blockId="11.[189,506,333,360]" box="[189,506,333,360]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
BODY LENGTH.
<quantity id="F22D13B5FFD2531AFEFCFEDAFE400B0D" box="[357,501,333,360]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="5.85" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="5.2">5.2–6.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD2531AFF24FE19FBBE0878" blockId="11.[189,1398,398,530]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">COLOUR. Body integument black, legs black to dark red; vestiture of elytra consisting of a mixture of scales, either isodiametric to twice as long as wide, pearly white or smaller, 3× as long as wide, brown, not concealing the integument; pearly white scales forming series of pale dots on interstriae or illdefined transverse bands, and a band on basal half of sides of prothorax.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD2531AFF24FDADFD390E77" blockId="11.[189,1399,569,1053]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">HEAD. Rostrum longer than wide (w/l ratio: 0.67) in both sexes, at base 1.05 × as wide as at apex, sides slightly concave near middle of length; epifrons in middle as wide as width of eye, at base narrower than distance between eyes, sides subparallel, slightly expanding apicad, upper face with a longitudinal carina extending from basal transversal groove to nasal plate, visible through scales; nasal plate V-shaped, reaching level of antennal insertion basally, bare of scales, with only minute setae inserted in scattered punctures and 3 pairs of long setae apically near insertion of mandibles (2 short and 1 very long); antennal scrobes slightly curved in lateral view, directed to middle of eye, separated from it by a strip of scales ¼ as wide as width of eyes; mandibles trisetose, bare of scales. Forehead with a short longitudinal furrow between eyes, scales and setae arranged centripetally towards a point below base of eyes; eyes moderately protruding, margin slightly more convex basally than apically. Antennae slender, scape 0.70 × as long as funicle, slightly bisinuate, subclavate at apex, exceeding anterior margin of prothorax in repose; funicle with segments 1–2 elongate, 1 shorter (0.82×) than 2, segments 3–6 longer than wide, conical, shortening apicad, segment 7 longer and slightly wider than 6; club spindle-shaped, segment 1 longer than 2, margins slightly sinuous.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD2531AFF24FBD2FC070E81" blockId="11.[189,1399,1092,1260]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">PROTHORAX. Slightly wider than long (w/l ratio: 1.16), widest slightly before middle of length, apical margin 0.58 × as wide as at base, sides sub-straight in apical and basal ½, almost angular at widest point; integument forming a dense cover of elongate granules forming concentric ellipses around a point located on basal ½ of median line and a pair of slight depressions on each side of this point; median carina absent, integument not forming a smooth and shiny ridge.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD2531AFF24FA84FBF70FFC" blockId="11.[189,1398,1298,1431]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">ELYTRA. Sides convex, widest before middle of length (w/l ratio: 0.72–0.77), integument smooth or weakly reticulate, shiny or matt, interstriae raised, 2–4 × as wide as width of striae in basal half; declivital callosities present on apical ¼ of interstriae 3, 5 and 7 and smaller ones on 2, 4, 6 and 8; each interstria with a series of semi-erect, elongate whitish scales, condensed on callosities.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD2531AFF24FA29FC270CC1" blockId="11.[189,1399,1469,1707]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
ABDOMEN. Underside with pearly green or pearly white scales, not concealing integument, not condensed on metanepisterna; ventrite 1 slightly shorter than 2+3+ 4, slightly convex in middle (
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD2531AFB5EFA76FB6F0F91" box="[1223,1242,1505,1531]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
), or concave with very long, erect golden setae much longer than claws (♂), ventrite 5 longer than 3+4, with erect setae in middle and near apex and a reticulate ridge near apex (
<specimenCount id="23D375D9FFD2531AFC0CF9B0FC1D0C2B" box="[917,936,1575,1601]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
) or with a large cavity in apical ⁴⁄5, with long erect setae, similar to those on ventrite 1, condensed on 2 brushes on each side of margin of cavity; setae in bottom of cavity erect, golden, shorter than those on margin (♂) (
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD2531AFBB9F9FAFBC90CE2" box="[1056,1148,1645,1672]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[249,1342,301,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[226,1361,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 3 (opposite page). A–B. Ventrites of males of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 (left: ventrites 1–5, right: ventrite 5). A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. C–D. Ventrite 5. C. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. D. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov. E–F. Vestiture of basal right side of elytra. E. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826) (left). F. P. littoralis Haran sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900304/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
); in males, middle of ventrites 1–4 with an elongate cuticular ridge at base of setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD2531AFF24F944FD7B0D58" blockId="11.[189,1399,1746,1842]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">LEGS. Femora clavate, unarmed, with a ring of more condensed pale scales near middle; tibiae straight, unarmed, slightly bisinuate on ventral side; in males apex of metatibia with a brush of golden setae ventrally; claws simple, free, equal in length.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD2531AFF24F8CDFAC20DD0" blockId="11.[189,1399,1882,1979]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
GENITALIA. Body of penis short, 0.6 × as long as apodemes (w/l ratio: 0.48), sides subparallel in basal half, widest near base, concave in apical ½, tapering towards apex; apex pointed; in lateral view curvature weak, mainly in basal half, bisinuate near apex (
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD2531AFD6FF837FCE60DD1" box="[758,851,1952,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[252,1379,330,1800]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[189,1398,308,1806]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 2. Penis of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826, in dorsal (left) and lateral (right) view, and copulatory sclerite (top right). A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. C. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. D. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. E. P. littoralis Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. F. P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov., holotype ♂. Scale bars = 500 µm. Copulatory sclerite not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3900302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3900302/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
); copulatory sclerite with left arm shorter than
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FE9CFE530B23" blockId="12.[189,1398,267,329]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">body, bearing setae at base, comb of right arm with setae converging and forming a spiral; right area of body as wide as left area.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FEE7FE050BE0" blockId="12.[189,432,368,394]" box="[189,432,368,394]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="6E22093CFFD5531DFF24FEE7FE050BE0" bold="true" box="[189,432,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFF24FEE7FE050BE0" bold="true" box="[189,432,368,394]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Sexual dimorphism</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FE09FCB30BB6" blockId="12.[189,1398,414,476]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Males might be distinguished externally from females by the slightly more slender elytra and the two brushes of erect golden setae on ventrites 1 and 5.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FD94FEFA0877" blockId="12.[189,335,515,541]" box="[189,335,515,541]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="6E22093CFFD5531DFF24FD94FEFA0877" bold="true" box="[189,335,515,541]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFF24FD94FEFA0877" bold="true" box="[189,335,515,541]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Life history</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FDA5FBF20805" blockId="12.[189,1398,562,623]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
This species was found to be abundant on and at the base of
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFC24FDA5FEFC0805" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD5531DFC24FDA5FABE0826" box="[957,1291,562,588]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Osteospermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moniliferum">Osteospermum moniliferum</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD5531DFA82FDA5FEFC0805" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="halimifolius">Senecio halimifolius</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
L. and
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD5531DFE3AFDC2FD840805" box="[419,561,597,623]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burchellii">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFE3AFDC2FD840805" box="[419,561,597,623]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. burchellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which are probably its host plants (
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD5531DFC42FDC2FB8F0805" box="[987,1082,597,623]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1817,1843]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,286,2013]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[244,1344,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 4 (opposite page). Habitus in natura, host plants and biotopes of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 species. A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov. C–D. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. and its host plant, Osteospermum moniliferum L. E–F. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov. and its host plant, Hymenolepis crithmifolia (L.) Greuter. G–H. Biotope and host plant (Arctotis angustifolia L.) of P. littoralis Haran sp. nov. I–J. P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov. on its host plant, Aloe arborescens Mill., with details of feeding damage on floral peduncle ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14285227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14285227/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD5531DFF24FD01FE670968" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FD01FEE308DA" blockId="12.[189,342,662,688]" box="[189,342,662,688]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="6E22093CFFD5531DFF24FD01FEE308DA" bold="true" box="[189,342,662,688]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFF24FD01FEE308DA" bold="true" box="[189,342,662,688]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FD52FE670968" blockId="12.[189,1399,709,771]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD5531DFF24FD52FE5008B5" authority="Haran &amp; Hansen &amp; Benoit &amp; Cbgp, 2020" authorityName="Haran &amp; Hansen &amp; Benoit &amp; Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[189,485,709,735]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grootbosensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFF24FD52FE5008B5" box="[189,485,709,735]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Phlyctinus grootbosensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD5531DFE76FD52FDF808B5" box="[495,589,709,735]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is only known from the
<typeStatus id="EA6E00F2FFD5531DFCE6FD52FC0708B5" box="[895,946,709,735]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
locality, the Grootbos Private Nature Reserve near Gansbaai.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7DCFEDDBFFD5531DFF24FCBDFC6D09B6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FCBDFE9A092E" blockId="12.[189,303,810,836]" box="[189,303,810,836]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="6E22093CFFD5531DFF24FCBDFE9A092E" bold="true" box="[189,303,810,836]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFF24FCBDFE9A092E" bold="true" box="[189,303,810,836]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="356ABE50FFD5531DFF24FCCFFC6D09B6" blockId="12.[189,1399,856,988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD5531DFF24FCCFFE540918" authority="Haran &amp; Hansen &amp; Benoit &amp; Cbgp, 2020" authorityName="Haran &amp; Hansen &amp; Benoit &amp; Cbgp" authorityYear="2020" box="[189,481,856,882]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Phlyctinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grootbosensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFF24FCCFFE540918" box="[189,481,856,882]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Phlyctinus grootbosensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1C92DF39FFD5531DFE7EFCCEFDF50919" box="[487,576,857,883]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can easily be distinguished from other species by the long golden setae on ventrites 1 and 5 of the males. It is the darkest species of the genus and has the most strongly rounded eyes in dorsal view (more or less angled in the other species). Its body shape and colour resemble the dry fruits of
<taxonomicName id="F2D5C5D3FFD5531DFEC9FC55FD2209B6" box="[336,663,962,988]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Osteospermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moniliferum">
<emphasis id="07A16242FFD5531DFEC9FC55FD2209B6" box="[336,663,962,988]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Osteospermum moniliferum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
remarkably well (
<figureCitation id="ADEEA2D5FFD5531DFCF7FC55FC7E09B6" box="[878,971,962,988]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[189,232,1817,1843]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,286,2013]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[244,1344,265,2019]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 4 (opposite page). Habitus in natura, host plants and biotopes of Phlyctinus Schoenherr, 1826 species. A. P. callosus (Schoenherr, 1826). B. P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov. C–D. P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov. and its host plant, Osteospermum moniliferum L. E–F. P. planithorax Haran sp. nov. and its host plant, Hymenolepis crithmifolia (L.) Greuter. G–H. Biotope and host plant (Arctotis angustifolia L.) of P. littoralis Haran sp. nov. I–J. P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov. on its host plant, Aloe arborescens Mill., with details of feeding damage on floral peduncle ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14285227" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14285227/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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