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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407" ID-GBIF-Dataset="abf29c24-6038-470c-a325-79c4128cf0ad" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182483435" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1041-137" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4F2CF7BF3B5B5FFF9BB4A964BFAC984E" ID-ZooBank="A44E7B58C0C94F669E3481A846DE64C4" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:67A518F3-413E-4233-B77A-135CEDF17743" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1041-137" checkinTime="1622578891617" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Padua, Diego G., Saeaeksjaervi, Ilari E., Spasojevic, Tamara, Kaunisto, Kari M., Monteiro, Ricardo F. &amp; Oliveira, Marcio L." docDate="2021" docId="F64991F5104C5F2B839E351AF1E1CE0B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1041: 137-165" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1041" docPubDate="2021-06-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407" docTitle="Polysphincta macroepomia Padua &amp; Saeaeksjaervi 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="67A518F3-413E-4233-B77A-135CEDF17743" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" id="4F2CF7BF3B5B5FFF9BB4A964BFAC984E" lastPageNumber="137" masterDocId="4F2CF7BF3B5B5FFF9BB4A964BFAC984E" masterDocTitle="A review of the spider-attacking Polysphincta dizardi species-group (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae), with descriptions of seven new species from South America" masterLastPageNumber="165" masterPageNumber="137" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" updateTime="1632007169503" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A review of the spider-attacking Polysphincta dizardi species-group (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae), with descriptions of seven new species from South America</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Padua, Diego G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-2978</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Entomologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">paduadg@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Saeaeksjaervi, Ilari E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity Unit, Zoological Museum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Spasojevic, Tamara</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kaunisto, Kari M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity Unit, Zoological Museum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Monteiro, Ricardo F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5137-9693</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Ecologia de Insetos, Depto. de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Oliveira, Marcio L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Entomologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-06-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1041</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>137</mods:start>
<mods:end>165</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1041-137</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A44E7B58C0C94F669E3481A846DE64C4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">4F2CF7BF3B5B5FFF9BB4A964BFAC984E</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182483435" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:67A518F3-413E-4233-B77A-135CEDF17743" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F64991F5104C5F2B839E351AF1E1CE0B" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/67A518F3-413E-4233-B77A-135CEDF17743" authority="Pádua &amp; Sääksjärvi" authorityName="Padua &amp; Saeaeksjaervi" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Polysphincta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polysphincta macroepomia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroepomia" status="sp. nov.">
Polysphincta macroepomia
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pádua">Padua</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sääksjärvi">Saeaeksjaervi</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="137">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Polysphincta macroepomia sp. nov., ♀, holotype A habitus, lateral view B head and pronotum, lateral view C habitus, dorsal view D face, anterior view E head and shelf-like projection, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/550746" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Fig. 5A-E</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="diagnose">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Diagnose.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Padua &amp; Saeaeksjaervi" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Polysphincta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polysphincta macroepomia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroepomia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Polysphincta macroepomia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of the
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. dizardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="dizardi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">P. dizardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group by the combination of the following characters: (1) epomia present, 1.5 times length of proximal mandibular width (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Polysphincta macroepomia sp. nov., ♀, holotype A habitus, lateral view B head and pronotum, lateral view C habitus, dorsal view D face, anterior view E head and shelf-like projection, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/550746" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">5B</figureCitation>
); (2) malar space 0.6 times as long as proximal mandibular width (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Polysphincta macroepomia sp. nov., ♀, holotype A habitus, lateral view B head and pronotum, lateral view C habitus, dorsal view D face, anterior view E head and shelf-like projection, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/550746" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">5B</figureCitation>
); (3) fore wing vein 1
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">cu-a</emphasis>
interstitial relative to
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">M&amp;RS</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Polysphincta macroepomia sp. nov., ♀, holotype A habitus, lateral view B head and pronotum, lateral view C habitus, dorsal view D face, anterior view E head and shelf-like projection, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/550746" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">5A</figureCitation>
); (4) mesosoma orange, except metapleuron and propodeum darkish brown (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Polysphincta macroepomia sp. nov., ♀, holotype A habitus, lateral view B head and pronotum, lateral view C habitus, dorsal view D face, anterior view E head and shelf-like projection, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/550746" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">5A</figureCitation>
); (5) fore wing hyaline (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Polysphincta macroepomia sp. nov., ♀, holotype A habitus, lateral view B head and pronotum, lateral view C habitus, dorsal view D face, anterior view E head and shelf-like projection, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/550746" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">5A</figureCitation>
); (6) hind leg whitish with spot in proximal region of coxa, base of trochanter, longitudinal spot in subdistal region of inner and outer margin of femur, distal part of tibia and distal part of tarsus brownish (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Polysphincta macroepomia sp. nov., ♀, holotype A habitus, lateral view B head and pronotum, lateral view C habitus, dorsal view D face, anterior view E head and shelf-like projection, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/550746" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">5A</figureCitation>
); (7) metasoma darkish brown, with posterior margins of tergites II-V narrowly black (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Polysphincta macroepomia sp. nov., ♀, holotype A habitus, lateral view B head and pronotum, lateral view C habitus, dorsal view D face, anterior view E head and shelf-like projection, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/550746" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">5A, C</figureCitation>
); (8) ovipositor slightly slender, 1.7 times as long as hind tibia.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/550746" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Padua &amp; Saeaeksjaervi" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Polysphincta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polysphincta macroepomia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroepomia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Polysphincta macroepomia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., ♀, holotype
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">A</emphasis>
habitus, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">B</emphasis>
head and pronotum, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">C</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">D</emphasis>
face, anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">E</emphasis>
head and shelf-like projection, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Female.</emphasis>
Body about [7.0] mm.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Clypeus very weakly convex, posterior margin thin and flat centrally; malar space [0.6] times as long as proximal mandibular width; lower face about [1.1] times as broad as high, weakly convex centrally, polished, with fine sparse setiferous punctures; head in dorsal view with margin of gena very weakly convex behind the eyes, and its margin about [0.6] times length of eye; ocelli moderately large, the lateral ones separated from compound eyes by [1.0] times their own maximum diameter.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Mesosoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pronotum with epomia distinct, about [1.5] times length of proximal mandibular width; shelf-like projection, in dorsal view, more or less straight, broader than long, and in lateral view, slender and slightly decurved in apex; mesoscutum robust, in dorsal view, smooth and polished, with notauli weakly impressed anteriorly; scutellum convex, not laterally carinate; mesopleuron highly polished, virtually impunctate; epicnemial carina reaching almost the level of lower corner of pronotum; epicnemium with vestigial vertical carina near lower corner of pronotum; metapleuron weakly convex, smooth and polished, with few sparse fine bristles, without discernible submetapleural carina. Propodeum mediodorsally smooth and polished, with longitudinal carinae present only posteriorly and with scattered fine bristles. Fore wing length [6.0] mm; 1
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">cu-a</emphasis>
interstitial relative to
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">M&amp;RS</emphasis>
; base of 1
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">m-cu&amp;M</emphasis>
separated from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">CU</emphasis>
by about length of 2
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">cu-a</emphasis>
; hind wing with distal abscissa of
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">CU</emphasis>
present and complete but weakly pigmented; first abscissa of
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">RS</emphasis>
subequal to
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">rs-m</emphasis>
. Tarsal claw with proximal lobe quadrangular, with claw apex slightly overtaking distal margin of lobe.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Metasoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Tergite I about [1.4] times as long as posteriorly broad, dorsally with lateromedian longitudinal carinae only discernible at extreme anterior part; sternite I with weak swelling near hind rim, and with weak median longitudinal ridge anteriorly; tergite II [1.3] times as long as posteriorly broad, highly polished, at most with only fine setiferous punctures laterally; tergite III about [1.2] times as long as posteriorly broad, highly polished, at most with only fine setiferous punctures; subgenital plate subquadrate. Ovipositor slightly slender, [1.7] times as long as hind tibia, posteriorly evenly tapered to sharp point.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="color">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Color.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Head darkish brown except clypeus brownish; antennae brown; mouthparts white, except apex of mandible black. Mesosoma orange, except metapleuron and propodeum darkish brown. Metasoma entirely darkish brown, with posterior margins of tergites II-V narrowly black. Legs whitish, fore leg with femur, tibia and tarsus weakly yellowish; mid leg with femur and tibia and tarsus weakly yellowish, except final distal of tarsus brownish; hind leg with spot in proximal region of coxa, base of trochanter, longitudinal spot in subdistal region of inner and outer margin of femur, distal part of tibia and final distal of tarsus brownish. Wings hyaline, pterostigma brown. Ovipositor brown, with posterior portion whitish.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Holotype</emphasis>
♀. Peru, CU [= Cusco], San Pedro, 1520 m.,
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-13.056111">13°03'22&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-71.54861">71°32'55&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 22.IX.2007, Malaise trap 11 (C. Castillo leg.), MUSM.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
Peru (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Polysphincta dizardi group in the Neotropical Region." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1041.65407.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/550754" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Biological notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Host unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">The specific name refers to the long epomia, main characteristic of this species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Padua &amp; Saeaeksjaervi" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Polysphincta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polysphincta macroepomia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macroepomia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Polysphincta macroepomia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. closely resembles
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. dizardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="dizardi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">P. dizardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gauld, 1991 and
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. cosnipata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="cosnipata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">P. cosnipata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. mainly by the coloration, mesosoma orange with metapleuron and propodeum blackish and metasoma brownish or blackish. However, it differs from both species by having epomia present (absent in
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. dizardi" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="dizardi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">P. dizardi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. cosnipata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="cosnipata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">P. cosnipata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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