375 lines
48 KiB
XML
375 lines
48 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="040BED37580D7CA883C33D854B3B4D45">Range Extensions and Taxonomic Notes on Atlantic Myxasteridae (Velatida; Asteroidea)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="AD22AA2DFFADFFE4FF52839F7029E18B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6172431" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119556417" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6172431" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AD22AA2DFFADFFE4FF52839F7029E18B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD22AA2DFFADFFE4FF52839F7029E18B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
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<subSubSection id="6D9148B0FFADFFE2FF52839F7375E259" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="25341B3BFFADFFE2FF52839F73CBE5BA" blockId="2.[151,474,979,1038]" box="[151,474,979,1006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
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<heading id="7E7CAC57FFADFFE2FF52839F73CBE5BA" bold="true" box="[151,474,979,1006]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E28B60B8FFADFFE2FF52839F73CBE5BA" ID-CoL="45GWZ" authority="Perrier, 1885" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,474,979,1006]" class="Asteroidea" family="Myxasteridae" genus="Myxaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sol">
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<emphasis id="17FFC729FFADFFE2FF52839F73CBE5BA" bold="true" box="[151,474,979,1006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="17FFC729FFADFFE2FF52839F7321E5B9" bold="true" box="[151,304,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Myxaster sol</emphasis>
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Perrier, 1885
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="25341B3BFFADFFE2FF5283BD7375E259" blockId="2.[151,474,979,1038]" box="[151,356,1014,1038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
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(
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<figureCitation id="BDB007BEFFADFFE2FF5B83BD7314E259" box="[158,261,1014,1038]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1731,1754]" captionTargetBox="[421,1166,614,1697]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[415,1171,605,1710]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Myxaster sol (long armed variant) A. USNM E 18596. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. B. YPM Y 36040. Scale bar = 1.0 cm. Myxaster perrieri Holotype, EcAh 3840, Scale bar for C – E = 5.0 mm. C. Abctinal surface. D. Actinal surface. E. Arms from holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210333/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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A–B, 2)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6D9148B0FFADFFE2FF52840B703DE2E7" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="25341B3BFFADFFE2FF52840B72F6E2C6" blockId="2.[151,1436,1086,1200]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="059B3C15FFADFFE2FF52840B72F6E2C6" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName id="E28B60B8FFADFFE2FF52840B73E3E203" ID-CoL="45GWZ" authority="Perrier 1885a: 866" authorityName="Perrier" authorityPageNumber="866" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,498,1086,1109]" class="Asteroidea" family="Myxasteridae" genus="Myxaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sol">
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<emphasis id="17FFC729FFADFFE2FF52840B730BE202" box="[151,282,1087,1109]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Myxaster sol</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="A42A3D2AFFADFFE2FEF5847573E3E203" author="Perrier" box="[304,498,1086,1108]" page="866" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" year="1885">
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<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFADFFE2FEF5847573AFE203" author="Perrier" box="[304,446,1086,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Perrier, E. (1885 a) Sur les stellerides recueillis durant la mission du Talisman. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, 101, 884 - 887." type="journal article" year="1885" yearSuffix="a">Perrier 1885a</bibRefCitation>
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: 866
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; 1885b: 69; 1894: 177;
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<treatmentCitation id="A42A3D2AFFADFFE2FD2C847571B7E203" author="Sladen" box="[745,934,1086,1108]" page="804" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" year="1889">
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<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFADFFE2FD2C84757160E203" author="Sladen" box="[745,881,1086,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Sladen WP. (1889) Asteroidea. Report of the Scientific Results of H. M. S. Challenger, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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: 804
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A42A3D2AFFADFFE2FC7484757673E203" author="Fisher" box="[945,1122,1086,1108]" page="455" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" year="1919">
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<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFADFFE2FC748475763FE203" author="Fisher" box="[945,1070,1086,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1919) Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 3 (100), 1 - 547. 156 pls." type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher 1919</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 455
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="A42A3D2AFFADFFE2FBAB8475773DE203" author="Alton" box="[1134,1324,1086,1108]" page="1966" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" year="1966">
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<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFADFFE2FBAB847576FAE203" author="Alton" box="[1134,1259,1086,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Alton, M. S. (1966) A new sea-star from the northeastern Pacific Ocean, Asthenactis fisheri n. sp., with a review of the family Myxasteridae. Deep-Sea Research, 13 (4), 687 - 697." type="journal article" year="1966">Alton, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFADFFE2FB338475773DE203" author="Alton" box="[1270,1324,1086,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Alton, M. S. (1966) A new sea-star from the northeastern Pacific Ocean, Asthenactis fisheri n. sp., with a review of the family Myxasteridae. Deep-Sea Research, 13 (4), 687 - 697." type="journal article" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="A42A3D2AFFADFFE2FAFD8475739CE224" author="Clark" page="338" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" year="1992">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFADFFE2FAFD84757348E224" author="Clark" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London. 794 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark and Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 338
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A42A3D2AFFADFFE2FE528415706AE224" author="Clark" box="[407,635,1117,1139]" page="196" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" year="1996">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFADFFE2FE5284157059E224" author="Clark" box="[407,584,1117,1139]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Clark, A. M. (1996) An index of names of recent Asteroidea- Part 3: Velatida and Spinulosida. Echinoderm Studies, 5, 183 - 250." type="journal article" year="1996">A.M. Clark 1996</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 196
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
; Villier et al., 2004;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A42A3D2AFFADFFE2FC898416761FE224" author="Dilman" box="[844,1038,1117,1139]" page="455" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" year="2005">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFADFFE2FC89841671CAE224" author="Dilman" box="[844,987,1117,1139]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Dilman, A. B. (2005) Starfishes of the genus Myxaster (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 84 (4), 455 - 463." type="journal article" year="2005">Dilman, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 455
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
; 2008: 147; Dransfeld et al., 2007: 21, 50.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFADFFE2FF5284D0703DE2E7" blockId="2.[151,1436,1086,1200]" box="[151,556,1178,1200]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="059B3C15FFADFFE2FF5284D0703DE2E7" box="[151,556,1178,1200]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName id="E28B60B8FFADFFE2FF5284D072E4E2E7" ID-CoL="7PLCT" box="[151,245,1179,1200]" class="Asteroidea" family="Myxasteridae" genus="Myxaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFADFFE2FF5284D072E4E2E7" box="[151,245,1179,1200]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Myxaster</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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sp.:
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<treatmentCitation id="A42A3D2AFFADFFE2FEE984D1703DE2E7" author="Howell" box="[300,556,1178,1200]" page="1906" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" year="2002">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFADFFE2FEE984D173E1E2E7" author="Howell" box="[300,496,1178,1200]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Howell, K. L., Billett, D. S. M., & Tyler, P. A. (2002). Depth-related distribution and abundance of seastars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in the Porcupine Seabight and Porcupine Abyssal Plaine, N. E. Atlantic. Deep-Sea Research Pt. I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 49 (10), 1901 - 1920." type="journal article" year="2002">Howell et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 1906
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6D9148B0FFADFFE4FF5284957149E4B8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="description">
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<paragraph id="25341B3BFFADFFE2FF52849570C4E34E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1245,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="17FFC729FFADFFE2FF528495730AE2A2" box="[151,283,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Description</emphasis>
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: Arms eight or nine, broader at base becoming slender, highly attenuate and more fragile distally (
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<figureCitation id="BDB007BEFFADFFE2FAAB849672B7E34E" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1753,1776]" captionTargetBox="[407,1185,631,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[396,1191,625,1732]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Myxaster sol USNM 1189026. A. Complete animal surface, Scale bar = 1.5 cm. B. Abactinal surface, close up. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. D. Imbricate abactinal plates without space on distal arm region. Scale bar = 2.0 mm. E. Abactinal plates showing wider spaces between plates from disk / arm region. Scale bar = 3.0 mm F. Furrow spines. Scale bar = 5.0 mm. G. Abactinal plate shape, individual close-up on disk. Scale bar = 3.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210334/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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A,B). R/r= 3.1–4.85. Disk broad, weakly convex.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="25341B3BFFADFFE2FF02856E7023E0BA" blockId="2.[151,1437,1245,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
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||
Abactinal plates imbricate, delicate and embedded in a thin-skin. Proximal plates larger with well-developed lobate flanges becoming smaller and more scale-like distally with more weakly developed flanges. Degree of imbrication of abactinal plates shows some variation between larger and smaller individuals. A larger individual (USNM
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<accessionNumber id="3AD886D8FFADFFE2FF3285DA7341E3FE" box="[247,336,1425,1449]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/E18596" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="EnaNcbi">E18596</accessionNumber>
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) has disk plates that are more closely articulated whereas those on smaller individuals (e.g, USNM 1182980) are widely articulated with large openings between the plates. In both individuals, plates on the swollen arm base regions are widely articulated with relatively large skin-filled gaps between plates (
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<figureCitation id="BDB007BEFFADFFE2FB1785927708E3A6" box="[1234,1305,1497,1521]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1753,1776]" captionTargetBox="[407,1185,631,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[396,1191,625,1732]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Myxaster sol USNM 1189026. A. Complete animal surface, Scale bar = 1.5 cm. B. Abactinal surface, close up. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. D. Imbricate abactinal plates without space on distal arm region. Scale bar = 2.0 mm. E. Abactinal plates showing wider spaces between plates from disk / arm region. Scale bar = 3.0 mm F. Furrow spines. Scale bar = 5.0 mm. G. Abactinal plate shape, individual close-up on disk. Scale bar = 3.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210334/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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E). Papulae were not observed between these skin-filled gaps. Plates more tightly imbricate and more scalar in shape distally, forming a more tightly overlapping chain-mail armor like arrangement (
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<figureCitation id="BDB007BEFFADFFE2FC2F866A7623E06E" box="[1002,1074,1569,1593]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1753,1776]" captionTargetBox="[407,1185,631,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[396,1191,625,1732]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Myxaster sol USNM 1189026. A. Complete animal surface, Scale bar = 1.5 cm. B. Abactinal surface, close up. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. D. Imbricate abactinal plates without space on distal arm region. Scale bar = 2.0 mm. E. Abactinal plates showing wider spaces between plates from disk / arm region. Scale bar = 3.0 mm F. Furrow spines. Scale bar = 5.0 mm. G. Abactinal plate shape, individual close-up on disk. Scale bar = 3.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210334/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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||
D). Individual plates flattened proximally with a strongly stellate base present on abactinal surface (
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<figureCitation id="BDB007BEFFADFFE2FC24860E763AE00A" box="[993,1067,1605,1629]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1753,1776]" captionTargetBox="[407,1185,631,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[396,1191,625,1732]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Myxaster sol USNM 1189026. A. Complete animal surface, Scale bar = 1.5 cm. B. Abactinal surface, close up. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. D. Imbricate abactinal plates without space on distal arm region. Scale bar = 2.0 mm. E. Abactinal plates showing wider spaces between plates from disk / arm region. Scale bar = 3.0 mm F. Furrow spines. Scale bar = 5.0 mm. G. Abactinal plate shape, individual close-up on disk. Scale bar = 3.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210334/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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G). Abactinal disk plates welldeveloped with four to six radially projecting flanges each becoming smaller and more irregularly shaped distally. Abactinal, marginal and actinal plate shape indistinct from one another. No discrete series of plates between terminal and primary plate as per definition of marginal plates by
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<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFADFFE2FC4286FA760FE09E" author="Blake" box="[903,1054,1713,1737]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="Blake D. B. (1979) The taxonomic position of the modern sea star Cistina Gray, 1840. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 91, 234 - 241." type="journal article" year="1979">Blake (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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||
. Plates covered by spine clusters similar to those on abactinal surface.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFADFFE3FF0286B2736BE683" blockId="2.[151,1437,1245,2025]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="2" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Glassine spines, one to ten, present on a shared base. On larger specimens (e.g., USNM 1182980 r=
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFADFFE2FAE786B2777CE146" box="[1314,1389,1785,1809]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="3.1">3.1 cm</quantity>
|
||
and larger) multiple spines are present on disk and arms. Spine arrays larger and more abundant on larger individuals and present a more hirsute appearance when viewed abactinally. Each spine-array with multiple webbed or tissuecovered spines arranged into a ring-formation radiating from the surface of low swellings present on each plate surface. Smaller specimens (e.g., YPM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="3AD886D8FFADFFE2FD9487C270BCE1F6" box="[593,685,1929,1953]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/Y36040" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" type="EnaNcbi">Y36040</accessionNumber>
|
||
, r=
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFADFFE2FD1687C2710EE1F6" box="[723,799,1929,1953]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
) with fewer spines per plate proximally (i.e, on arms and disk) ranging in number from one to four per plate. Distal plates with fewer spines; underlying convexity of plate surface more weakly expressed. Spines usually radiating centrally from plate sometimes in more linear to crescentic arrangement. Spines triangular in cross section (following removal of tissue) with discrete wedge-like edges on each wing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFACFFE3FF02809470F3E7D0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Abactinal spine clusters more widely spaced proximally, especially surrounding osculum becoming closer and more densely distributed distally. Osculum flanked by flat, discrete featureless plates corresponding to each arm. These are ostensibly the primary disk plates. A prominent, squat, paxillae-like column with six to 25 short spinelets is present on each plate. Overall spinelet number seems to be higher on larger individuals. The number of squat paxillar columns equals the number of arms present.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFACFFE3FF0281DF7655E46A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
|
||
A discrete but narrow interradial sulcus is present between all arms (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDB007BEFFACFFE3FC1181DF7609E7FB" box="[980,1048,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1753,1776]" captionTargetBox="[407,1185,631,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[396,1191,625,1732]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Myxaster sol USNM 1189026. A. Complete animal surface, Scale bar = 1.5 cm. B. Abactinal surface, close up. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. D. Imbricate abactinal plates without space on distal arm region. Scale bar = 2.0 mm. E. Abactinal plates showing wider spaces between plates from disk / arm region. Scale bar = 3.0 mm F. Furrow spines. Scale bar = 5.0 mm. G. Abactinal plate shape, individual close-up on disk. Scale bar = 3.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210334/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B), extending to primary plates around osculum. Sulci are expressed more strongly on USNM 1189026 and YPM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="3AD886D8FFACFFE3FBF781FC769DE798" box="[1074,1164,439,463]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/Y36040" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="EnaNcbi">Y36040</accessionNumber>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDB007BEFFACFFE3FB5981FC76F4E798" box="[1180,1253,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1731,1754]" captionTargetBox="[421,1166,614,1697]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[415,1171,605,1710]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Myxaster sol (long armed variant) A. USNM E 18596. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. B. YPM Y 36040. Scale bar = 1.0 cm. Myxaster perrieri Holotype, EcAh 3840, Scale bar for C – E = 5.0 mm. C. Abctinal surface. D. Actinal surface. E. Arms from holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210333/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A,B), which are both small sized and from the same seamount. The interradial sulcus is more obscured on
|
||
<accessionNumber id="3AD886D8FFACFFE3FB55819776FBE7A3" box="[1168,1258,476,500]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/E18596" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="EnaNcbi">E18596</accessionNumber>
|
||
, which is larger and was collected from farther south. Spine clusters tend to be absent from surface of sulcus. Madreporite strongly convex, raised, irregularly round, separated from surrounding plates by distinct gap.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="71F44BB3FFACFFE3FF5286927688E11C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210334/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" targetBox="[407,1185,631,1719]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFACFFE3FF5286927688E11C" blockId="3.[151,1437,1753,1868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFACFFE3FF528692706EE0B8" bold="true" box="[151,639,1753,1776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
|
||
FIGURE 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E28B60B8FFACFFE3FED8869173B4E0B8" box="[285,421,1753,1775]" class="Asteroidea" family="Myxasteridae" genus="Myxaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sol">
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFACFFE3FED8869173B4E0B8" bold="true" box="[285,421,1753,1775]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Myxaster sol</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
USNM 1189026. A.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Complete animal surface, Scale bar=1.5 cm.
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFACFFE3FB9986917662E0B8" bold="true" box="[1116,1139,1754,1775]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal surface, close up. Scale bar=1.5 cm.
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFACFFE3FE9686B3737DE158" bold="true" box="[339,364,1784,1807]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Actinal surface. Scale bar=1.5 cm.
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFACFFE3FD1186B270FCE159" bold="true" box="[724,749,1785,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Imbricate abactinal plates without space on distal arm region. Scale bar=2.0 mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFACFFE3FEE1875C732DE17B" bold="true" box="[292,316,1815,1836]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal plates showing wider spaces between plates from disk/arm region. Scale bar=3.0 mm
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFACFFE3FAF0875C7757E17B" bold="true" box="[1333,1350,1815,1836]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Furrow spines. Scale bar=5.0 mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFACFFE3FE6D877E73ADE11B" bold="true" box="[424,444,1845,1868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal plate shape, individual close-up on disk. Scale bar= 3.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFACFFE4FF02873271F4E683" blockId="3.[151,1436,1912,2008]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">An actinal intermediate field is apparently absent, but the proximal actinolateral regions between each pair of arms share a well-developed calcified septa present interradially. When viewed internally this calcified septum is composed of an extension from the oral plate articulated/fused with actinolateral arm plates. Approximately 50% of the interradial region is covered by a layer of translucent skin. Externally, actinolateral plates converge interradially towards the oral facing expression of the sulcus between arms.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFABFFE4FF02809470B2E7FB" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Mouth plates large, wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDB007BEFFABFFE4FE2F8094703DE6A0" box="[490,556,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1753,1776]" captionTargetBox="[407,1185,631,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[396,1191,625,1732]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Myxaster sol USNM 1189026. A. Complete animal surface, Scale bar = 1.5 cm. B. Abactinal surface, close up. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. D. Imbricate abactinal plates without space on distal arm region. Scale bar = 2.0 mm. E. Abactinal plates showing wider spaces between plates from disk / arm region. Scale bar = 3.0 mm F. Furrow spines. Scale bar = 5.0 mm. G. Abactinal plate shape, individual close-up on disk. Scale bar = 3.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210334/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C), approximately the size of three to four adambulacral plates, extending from mouth to adambulacral plates on disk’s edge. Mouth plates form concave surface with flanges. Lateral flattened flanges of mouth plates projecting into tube feet grooves (2 flanges present per tube foot groove). Distinct gap with dentate contacts between two halves of mouth plates, most pronounced facing distally. Oral plates smooth, spines or other features absent save for furrow spines. Oral plate furrow spines, eight, webbed, present on mouth plates, forming a palmate arrangement facing distally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFABFFE4FF0281FC7023E408" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Proximalmost spines thickened, elongate becoming smaller distally. Furrow spines on adambulacral plates six to ten, typically eight, elongate, webbed, arranged in a palmate pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDB007BEFFABFFE4FC108197760AE7A3" box="[981,1051,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1753,1776]" captionTargetBox="[407,1185,631,1719]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[396,1191,625,1732]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Myxaster sol USNM 1189026. A. Complete animal surface, Scale bar = 1.5 cm. B. Abactinal surface, close up. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. C. Actinal surface. Scale bar = 1.5 cm. D. Imbricate abactinal plates without space on distal arm region. Scale bar = 2.0 mm. E. Abactinal plates showing wider spaces between plates from disk / arm region. Scale bar = 3.0 mm F. Furrow spines. Scale bar = 5.0 mm. G. Abactinal plate shape, individual close-up on disk. Scale bar = 3.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210334/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
F). Spines elongate, especially on proximal plates sometimes extending nearly three series of actinolateral plates beyond the adambulacrals, embedded in tissue, spines delicate, hyaline with distinctly angular edges, triangular to X-like in cross-section, similar to those on abactinal surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFABFFE4FF0282277326E4F0" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Adambulacral plates vertebral/cylindrical in shape, separated by distinct tissue-filled gap with raised ridge for furrow spines.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFABFFE4FF0282FF7149E4B8" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Tube feet biserial, elongate, weakly developed. Each tube foot with strongly irregular surface texture. Cardiac stomach on specimen is well-developed with convoluted folds.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6D9148B0FFABFFE4FF0282B7733BE528" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFABFFE4FF0282B7733BE528" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FF0282B77348E543" box="[199,345,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Throughout the North Atlantic Ocean (
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FCF582B77174E543" bold="true" box="[816,869,764,788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">bold</emphasis>
|
||
designates new occurrence-this paper). Off NW Africa, Bay of Biscay (=Golfe de Gascogne), Porcupine Seabight, North Atlantic east to
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FB0D83547777E560" box="[1224,1382,799,823]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="9" value="54.1325">54º 07.95’ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FAB2835472EBE50B" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="9" value="-12.816">12º 48.96’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FECD830F73D2E50B" bold="true" box="[264,451,835,860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Bear Seamount</emphasis>
|
||
. Tongue of the Ocean, west of Andros Island, Reykjanes Ridge,
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FB7E8308778DE50B" bold="true" box="[1211,1436,835,860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">off Newfoundland,</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FF52832C7337E528" box="[151,294,871,895]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2905" metricValueMax="2.11" metricValueMin="0.471" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1290.5" valueMax="2110.0" valueMin="471.0">471–2110 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6D9148B0FFABFFE4FF0283C6778CE35B" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFABFFE4FF0283C67087E22B" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FF0283C6732CE5F3" box="[199,317,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E28B60B8FFABFFE4FE9383C673E0E5F3" box="[342,497,908,932]" class="Asteroidea" family="Myxasteridae" genus="Myxaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sol">
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FE9383C673E0E5F3" box="[342,497,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Myxaster sol</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widespread throughout deep-sea settings in the North Atlantic. Material highlighted herein represents several individuals with eight arms rather than nine arms, as identified on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="FA30A599FFABFFE4FF52839F72E8E5BB" box="[151,249,980,1004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and in specimens described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFABFFE4FDBB839F713DE5BB" author="Dilman" box="[638,812,980,1004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" refString="Dilman, A. B. (2005) Starfishes of the genus Myxaster (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 84 (4), 455 - 463." type="journal article" year="2005">Dilman (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Other characters present on eight-armed individuals otherwise conform to the character definition for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E28B60B8FFABFFE4FD1983B27137E247" box="[732,806,1016,1040]" class="Asteroidea" family="Myxasteridae" genus="Myxaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sol">
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FD1983B27137E247" box="[732,806,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">M. sol</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Arm number may not be a dependable character for distinguishing taxa as has traditionally been recognized (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="411A66CAFFABFFE4FC8284577670E263" author="Clark" box="[839,1121,1052,1077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London. 794 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark and Downey, 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is unclear which, if any, environmental factors affect the arm number, and examined specimens do not present a clear correlation between collection locality and specimen morphology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFABFFE4FF0284CC778CE35B" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Some variation between individuals appears to be size related. Some characters such as number of abactinal spines and adambulacral furrow spines seem to increase in larger individuals. However, given that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E28B60B8FFABFFE4FB2C84E6773EE293" box="[1257,1327,1196,1220]" class="Asteroidea" family="Myxasteridae" genus="Myxaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Velatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sol">
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FB2C84E6773EE293" box="[1257,1327,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">M. sol</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely distributed throughout the Atlantic, the counts from the number of specimens present may not completely represent regional variation. Individual specimens collected from localities in close proximity are very similar in appearance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6D9148B0FFABFFE4FF0285537029E18B" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFABFFE4FF0285537689E0C0" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FF02855373B4E367" box="[199,421,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Material Examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="439A83FEFFABFFE4FE71855C7015E378" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[436,516,1303,1327]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="3AD886D8FFABFFE4FDCE855C7071E378" box="[523,608,1303,1327]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/E18596" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" type="EnaNcbi">E18596</accessionNumber>
|
||
West of Andros Island, Tongue of the Oean,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5D9C5BABFFABFFE4FB93855C76AFE378" box="[1110,1214,1303,1327]" name="Bahamas" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
. 24˚26’N, 77˚20’W,
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FF52857772E0E303" box="[151,241,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.463" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1463.0">1463 m</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FEBD8577703FE303" box="[376,558,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Columbus Iselin</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="51353DFBFFABFFE4FD85857770C9E303" box="[576,728,1340,1364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" value="1973-02-28">28 Feb. 1973</date>
|
||
(1 dry spec. R= 15.1, r=2.5;
|
||
<collectionCode id="439A83FEFFABFFE4FBF58576767DE303" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34880" box="[1072,1132,1341,1364]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34880" name="Peabody Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">YPM</collectionCode>
|
||
# 36040. Bear Seamount (Atlantic Ocean), center of table top peak.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FDB785147111E32F" box="[626,768,1375,1400]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="39.91408">39º54.845’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FCC98514718FE320" box="[780,926,1375,1399]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="-67.4371">67º26.226’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
to
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FC0185147642E320" box="[964,1107,1375,1399]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="39.913433">39º54.806’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FB9A851476E0E320" box="[1119,1265,1375,1399]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="-67.48912">67º29.347’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FB3885147788E32F" box="[1277,1433,1375,1400]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4785" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.157" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1478.5" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1157.0">1157–1800 m</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. J.A. Moore aboard R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FE3985CF7076E3CB" box="[508,615,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Delaware</emphasis>
|
||
II,
|
||
<date id="51353DFBFFABFFE4FD5F85CE713DE3CB" box="[666,812,1412,1436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" value="2004-06-07">7 June 2004</date>
|
||
(1 wet spec. R= 9.0, r= 1.5).
|
||
<collectionCode id="439A83FEFFABFFE4FB6885CF76ECE3CB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1197,1277,1412,1436]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1189026 Off Newfoundland
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FE8185EC73E1E3E8" box="[324,496,1447,1471]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="50.273">50° 16' 22.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FE3A85EC70A1E3E8" box="[511,688,1447,1471]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="-49.633">49° 37' 58.8"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FD7B85EC7106E397" box="[702,791,1447,1472]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.404" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1404.0">1404 m</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. A. Mercier and J-F. Hamel. (1 dry spec. R=11.5, r=2.9).
|
||
<collectionCode id="439A83FEFFABFFE4FF2D85877329E3B3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[232,312,1484,1508]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1182980, Off Newfoundland, 53° 33'
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FD1E85877133E3B3" box="[731,802,1484,1508]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="5555" value="28.7">28.7N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FCE9858771A2E3B3" box="[812,947,1484,1508]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="15" value="-2.4650002">2° 27' 54"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FC018587761DE3B3" box="[964,1036,1484,1508]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.71" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="471.0">471 m</quantity>
|
||
, Coll. A. Mercier and J-F Hamel,
|
||
<date id="51353DFBFFABFFE4FA4585877318E050" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" value="2005-11-20">20 Nov. 2005</date>
|
||
(1 wet spec. R=11.2, r=3.6);
|
||
<collectionCode id="439A83FEFFABFFE4FD8A85A4708EE050" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[591,671,1519,1543]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1182981, Off Newfoundland
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FC2D85A47669E050" box="[1000,1144,1519,1543]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="15" value="52.890003">52° 53' 24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 51° 42',
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FB1B85A47720E05F" box="[1246,1329,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.085" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1085.0">1085 m</quantity>
|
||
, Coll. A. Mercier and J-F Hamel,
|
||
<date id="51353DFBFFABFFE4FE74865F7017E07B" box="[433,518,1556,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" value="1913-11">13 Nov</date>
|
||
, 2006, (1 wet spec. R=9.1, r=2.6),
|
||
<collectionCode id="439A83FEFFABFFE4FC59865F71FDE07B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[924,1004,1556,1580]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1179112, North Atlantic Ocean, Bear Seamount, 39˚55.9’-N 67˚24.7’ W to 39˚56.1’ N 67˚
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FD10867C7138E007" box="[725,809,1591,1616]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="5555" value="-28.2">28.2 W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FCF0867C71DFE007" box="[821,974,1591,1616]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4434999999999998" metricValueMax="1.759" metricValueMin="1.128" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1443.5" valueMax="1759.0" valueMin="1128.0">1128–1759 m</quantity>
|
||
, R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FBCB86737668E007" box="[1038,1145,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Delaware</emphasis>
|
||
II, Cr.
|
||
<date id="51353DFBFFABFFE4FB02867C770DE018" box="[1223,1308,1591,1615]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" value="04-08-20">200804</date>
|
||
, Sta. 10,
|
||
<date id="51353DFBFFABFFE4FA45867C730AE023" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" value="2008-03-27">27 March 2008</date>
|
||
(1 wet spec. R=9.7, r=2.0),
|
||
<collectionCode id="439A83FEFFABFFE4FD8E8617708AE023" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[587,667,1628,1652]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1190353, Off Newfoundland
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FC2786177697E023" box="[994,1158,1628,1652]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="50.273">50° 16' 22.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FB5586177729E023" box="[1168,1336,1628,1652]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="1" value="-49.633">49° 37' 58.8"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FA8686177789E023" box="[1347,1432,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.404" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1404.0">1404 m</quantity>
|
||
, Coll. A. Mercier and J-F Hamel,
|
||
<date id="51353DFBFFABFFE4FDC486347094E0C0" box="[513,645,1663,1688]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" value="2010-12-04">4 Dec 2010</date>
|
||
(1 wet spec. R=12.2, r=2.6 note arms are curled).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="25341B3BFFABFFE4FF0286EF7029E18B" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FF0286EF70B6E0EB" box="[199,679,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Other Records (specimens not examined):</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="439A83FEFFABFFE4FD7786EF7112E0EB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[690,771,1700,1724]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1016070 Bear Seamount (North Atlantic Ocean), 39° 55'
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FF52868C72F7E088" box="[151,230,1735,1759]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="5555" value="37.5">37.5 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 67° 24' 43 W,
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FE55868C703BE088" box="[400,554,1735,1759]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.149" metricValueMax="1.187" metricValueMin="1.111" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1149.0" valueMax="1187.0" valueMin="1111.0">1111–1187 m</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. J.A. Moore aboard R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FC44868371FFE0B7" box="[897,1006,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Delaware</emphasis>
|
||
II,
|
||
<date id="51353DFBFFABFFE4FBD3868C76BDE088" box="[1046,1196,1735,1760]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" value="2003-05-20">20 May 2003</date>
|
||
(1 wet spec. R=~3.0, r=1.8, note-specimen on loan and unavailable); SH 505118#1, North Atlantic: Goban Spur, south of Porcupine Seabight, SW of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5D9C5BABFFABFFE4FE93874473B8E170" box="[342,425,1807,1831]" name="Ireland" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Ireland</collectingCountry>
|
||
. 49˚
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FE1387447036E17F" box="[470,551,1807,1832]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="5555" value="27.3">27.3 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 13˚ 21.2’W,
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FD7A8744714DE17F" box="[703,860,1807,1832]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0774999999999997" metricValueMax="2.11" metricValueMin="2.045" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="2077.5" valueMax="2110.0" valueMin="2045.0">2045–2110 m</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. RRS Challenger (1 wet spec. R=8.5, r=2.5, 8 arms); SH 505119#1 North Atlantic: Goban Spur, south of Porcupine Seabight, SW of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5D9C5BABFFABFFE4FB55877F76F2E11B" box="[1168,1251,1844,1868]" name="Ireland" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Ireland</collectingCountry>
|
||
. 49˚
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FAD1877F7779E11B" box="[1300,1384,1844,1868]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="5555" value="29.5">29.5 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 12˚ 48.9’W, 1465–
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FE87871C738AE127" box="[322,411,1879,1904]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4309999999999998" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1431.0">1431 m</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. RRS Challenger (1 wet spec. R=7.9, r=1.8). “Irish specimen”-No number. North Atlantic
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FF3987377387E1C3" box="[252,406,1916,1940]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="9" value="54.1325">54º 07.95’ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FE6387377029E1C3" box="[422,568,1916,1940]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="9" value="-12.816">12º 48.96’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FD8D873770B5E1C3" box="[584,676,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. Irish Deepwater Survey 2006. (1 wet spec. R=7.0, r=1.6); MNHN-EcAs 11262 Golfe de Gascogne,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FDB287EB70C9E1EF" box="[631,728,1952,1976]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="925" value="48.683334">48º41’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="40BF7DFCFFABFFE4FD2187EB7158E1EF" box="[740,841,1952,1976]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" precision="925" value="-10.883333">10º53’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E273B6DEFFABFFE4FC9087EB71E5E1EF" box="[853,1012,1952,1976]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4449999999999998" metricValueMax="1.47" metricValueMin="1.42" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="1445.0" valueMax="1470.0" valueMin="1420.0">1420–1470 m</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. C. Cabioch, N.O.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E28B60B8FFABFFE4FAC987EB7760E1EF" box="[1292,1393,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Thalassa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="17FFC729FFABFFE4FAC987EB7760E1EF" box="[1292,1393,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Thalassa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="51353DFBFFABFFE4FA4587EB7314E18B" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" value="1973-10-28">28 Oct. 1973</date>
|
||
(1 dry spec. R=8.8, r=1.9);
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |