treatments-xml/data/FE/79/87/FE7987DAFFD6FFF6BCFEFCA317A5FB56.xml

<document id="28E4683873D094EA6068DD65F07032C5" ID-DOI="10.11865/zs.202033" ID-ISSN="2095-6827" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5367231" ID-ZooBank="00441A2B-31CF-400B-B2AA-E7BEA6775439" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630258132266" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Jiang, Tongyao, Xin, Yafei, Yao, Zhiyuan &amp; Li, Shuqiang" docDate="2020" docId="FE7987DAFFD6FFF6BCFEFCA317A5FB56" docLanguage="en" docName="Two new spider families from Late Cretaceous Kachin amber (Arachnida_ Araneae).pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Systematics 45 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:07E7829F32901B127B59E960199959BD.1:ZoolSyst.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="07E7829F32901B127B59E960199959BD" docStyleName="ZoolSyst.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="276" masterDocId="0240FFA2FFD1FFFCBC76FFFF162FFFA7" masterDocTitle="Two new spider families from Late Cretaceous Kachin amber (Arachnida: Araneae)" masterLastPageNumber="280" masterPageNumber="266" pageNumber="273" updateTime="1699200183814" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="3AC904E911542FC261246B79DEF78733">Two new spider families from Late Cretaceous Kachin amber (Arachnida: Araneae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="015AA3988C701225E1C771DD0FD2F0AD">Jiang, Tongyao</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="38ADEA8451FF6075A4215A12F1312C77">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1280447D72D7188D2274D592F95F9CC0">Xin, Yafei</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A2B368C8364BC176602818A446C95BD2">College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China Corresponding authors, E-mails: yaozy @ synu. edu. cn; lisq @ ioz. ac. cn</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1F757635C27AADA6BA791F2F84C55E63">Yao, Zhiyuan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F6D487D6607BC63B443806750A2BD393">College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China Corresponding authors, E-mails: yaozy @ synu. edu. cn; lisq @ ioz. ac. cn</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="04629B1CDD6929BCD47FE15BFD0E2BD1">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="560AC75D3301ED89F64F1FA07F9A0B80">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="67FF739E982379C0117ABEF3023B0453">2020</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="3ECA6547FFD6FFFBBCFEFCA31483FCD3" box="[136,684,860,885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="766F36CCFFD6FFFBBCFEFCA31483FCD3" blockId="7.[136,684,860,885]" box="[136,684,860,885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">
<heading id="2D2781A0FFD6FFFBBCFEFCA31483FCD3" box="[136,684,860,885]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" reason="2">
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFD6FFFBBCFEFCA31408FCD2" bold="true" box="[136,551,860,885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">
<taxonomicName id="B1D04D4FFFD6FFFBBCFEFCA317EAFCD3" authority="Jiang &amp; Li" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,453,860,884]" class="Arachnida" family="Gigarachnidae" genus="Gigarachne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFD6FFFBBCFEFCA3176DFCD3" bold="true" box="[136,322,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">Gigarachne bian</emphasis>
Jiang &amp; Li
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5F9757A5FFD6FFFBBDA7FCA21408FCD2" box="[465,551,861,885]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="EEEB2A49FFD6FFFBBE33FCA2148BFCD3" box="[581,676,860,885]" captionStart-0="Figure 4" captionStart-1="Figure 5" captionStart-2="Figure 6" captionStartId-0="7.[155,218,2024,2046]" captionStartId-1="8.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionStartId-2="9.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox-0="[226,1368,1130,1976]" captionTargetBox-1="[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetBox-2="[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetId-0="figure-369@7.[216,1372,1122,1991]" captionTargetId-1="figure-60@8.[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetId-2="figure-61@9.[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionText-0="Figure 4. Piece of amber IZCAS-Ar41630Fo with inclusion of Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li, gen. &amp; sp. nov., holotype male.A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. Scale bars=10.0mm." captionText-1="Figure 5. Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li, gen. &amp; sp. nov., holotype male. A. Habitus, ventral view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Tarsal claws of left leg II. D. Eye domain, dorsal view. E. Mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B=2.0mm; C=0.2 mm; D–E=1.0mm." captionText-2="Figure 6. Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li, gen. &amp; sp. nov., holotype male, right male palp.A.Apical view. B. Retrolateral view.C.Ventral view. Images horizontally flipped for the sake of comparison. Scale bars: A=0.2mm; B–C=0.5mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367241" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367243" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367245" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5367241/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5367243/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5367245/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">Figs 4–6</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3ECA6547FFD6FFF6BCCBFC6B17A5FB56" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="276" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="766F36CCFFD6FFFBBCCBFC6B1299FC56" blockId="7.[136,1452,916,1079]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">
<materialsCitation id="C6B83C91FFD6FFFBBCCBFC6B1299FC56" county="Late Cretaceous" location="Neuropteran" municipality="Hukawng Valley" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kachin" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="A96B886EFFD6FFFBBCCBFC6B170FFC0B" box="[189,288,916,940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="60D6FD45FFD6FFFBBD45FC6B1768FC0C" box="[307,327,916,939]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(IZCAS-Ar41630Fo), 
<collectingCounty id="9F0E4E40FFD6FFFBBE23FC6B1522FC0B" box="[597,781,916,940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">Late Cretaceous</collectingCounty>
amber from 
<taxonomicName id="B1D04D4FFFD6FFFBBFCDFC6B120BFC0B" authority="Jiang &amp; Xin &amp; Yao &amp; Li, 2020" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Xin &amp; Yao &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" box="[955,1060,916,940]" genus="Myanmar" pageId="7" pageNumber="266" rank="genus" status="new species, new genus">Myanmar</taxonomicName>
, 
<collectingRegion id="B414F82EFFD6FFFBB84DFC6B12FDFC0B" box="[1083,1234,916,940]" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">Kachin State</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="960BACB6FFD6FFFBB89FFC6B1387FC0B" box="[1257,1448,916,940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">Hukawng Valley</collectingMunicipality>
. Syninclusions include a 
<location id="730F6017FFD6FFFBBDE6FC48143AFC69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE7987DAFFD6FFF6BCFEFCA317A5FB56:730F6017FFD6FFFBBDE6FC48143AFC69" box="[400,533,951,974]" county="Late Cretaceous" municipality="Hukawng Valley" name="Neuropteran" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="Kachin">Neuropteran</location>
near the spider’s mouthpart, which is a potential prey of the spider, but not wrapped with silk. 
<location id="730F6017FFD6FFFBBC84FC251727FC56" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FE7987DAFFD6FFF6BCFEFCA317A5FB56:730F6017FFD6FFFBBC84FC251727FC56" box="[242,264,986,1009]" county="Late Cretaceous" municipality="Hukawng Valley" name="In" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="Kachin">In</location>
addition, two dipterans and three hymenopterans also occur in the same piece of amber.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="766F36CCFFD6FFFBBCCBFC03156BFB91" blockId="7.[136,1452,916,1079]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">
Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Chinese pinyin word for “flat” (
<taxonomicName id="B1D04D4FFFD6FFFBB820FC0312A6FBB3" box="[1110,1161,1020,1044]" class="Arachnida" family="Gigarachnidae" genus="Gigarachne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bian">biǎn</taxonomicName>
), referring to the flattened prosoma and abdomen of the species, and is a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
<caption id="22AF6644FFD6FFFBBCEDF817146BF7BA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367241" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5367241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367241/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" startId="7.[155,218,2024,2046]" targetBox="[226,1368,1130,1976]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="766F36CCFFD6FFFBBCEDF817146BF7BA" blockId="7.[155,1432,2024,2078]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">
Figure 4. Piece of amber IZCAS-Ar41630Fo with inclusion of 
<taxonomicName id="B1D04D4FFFD6FFFBBE85F817122EF859" authority="Jiang &amp; Li" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Li" box="[755,1025,2024,2046]" class="Arachnida" family="Gigarachnidae" genus="Gigarachne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bian">
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFD6FFFBBE85F81715B9F85A" box="[755,918,2024,2045]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">Gigarachne bian</emphasis>
Jiang &amp; Li
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFD6FFFBB87DF817121AF85A" bold="true" box="[1035,1077,2024,2045]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">gen.</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFD6FFFBB824F81712B1F85A" bold="true" box="[1106,1182,2024,2045]" pageId="7" pageNumber="273">sp. nov.</emphasis>
, holotype male. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. Scale bars= 10.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="22AF6644FFD9FFF4BCEDF83613A5F859" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367243" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5367243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367243/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="274" startId="8.[155,218,1993,2015]" targetBox="[216,1372,260,1960]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="766F36CCFFD9FFF4BCEDF83613A5F859" blockId="8.[155,1433,1993,2047]" pageId="8" pageNumber="274">
Figure 5. 
<taxonomicName id="B1D04D4FFFD9FFF4BC8CF8361420F878" authority="Jiang &amp; Li" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Li" box="[250,527,1993,2015]" class="Arachnida" family="Gigarachnidae" genus="Gigarachne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bian">
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFD9FFF4BC8CF83617B0F879" box="[250,415,1993,2014]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="274">Gigarachne bian</emphasis>
Jiang &amp; Li
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFD9FFF4BE6AF836146AF879" bold="true" box="[540,581,1993,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="274">gen.</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFD9FFF4BE11F836149BF879" bold="true" box="[615,692,1993,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="274">sp. nov.</emphasis>
, holotype male. A. Habitus, ventral view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Tarsal claws of left leg II. D. Eye domain, dorsal view. E. Mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B= 2.0 mm; C =0.2 mm; D–E =1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="22AF6644FFD8FFF5BCEDF836124DF859" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367245" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5367245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367245/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="275" startId="9.[155,218,1993,2015]" targetBox="[216,1372,260,1960]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="766F36CCFFD8FFF5BCEDF836124DF859" blockId="9.[155,1433,1993,2047]" pageId="9" pageNumber="275">
Figure 6. 
<taxonomicName id="B1D04D4FFFD8FFF5BC80F836142BF878" authority="Jiang &amp; Li" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Li" box="[246,516,1993,2015]" class="Arachnida" family="Gigarachnidae" genus="Gigarachne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="275" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bian">
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFD8FFF5BC80F83617B6F879" box="[246,409,1993,2014]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="275">Gigarachne bian</emphasis>
Jiang &amp; Li
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFD8FFF5BE7BF8361418F879" bold="true" box="[525,567,1993,2014]" pageId="9" pageNumber="275">gen.</emphasis>
&amp; 
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFD8FFF5BE22F83614B0F879" bold="true" box="[596,671,1993,2014]" pageId="9" pageNumber="275">sp. nov.</emphasis>
, holotype male, right male palp. A. Apical view. B. Retrolateral view. C. Ventral view. Images horizontally flipped for the sake of comparison. Scale bars: A = 0.2 mm; B–C =0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="766F36CCFFDBFFF6BCCBFF13138BFEA3" blockId="10.[136,1452,236,1265]" box="[189,1444,236,261]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">
Diagnosis. 
<taxonomicName id="B1D04D4FFFDBFFF6BD43FF131449FEA3" authority="Jiang &amp; Li" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" box="[309,614,236,261]" class="Arachnida" family="Gigarachnidae" genus="Gigarachne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="276" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFDBFFF6BD43FF1317C5FEA3" box="[309,490,236,260]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">Gigarachne bian</emphasis>
Jiang &amp; Li
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="44A4EADEFFDBFFF6BE07FF1214E8FEA2" bold="true" box="[625,711,237,261]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5F9757A5FFDBFFF6BE07FF1214E8FEA2" box="[625,711,237,261]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished by the characters of the family, as given above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="766F36CCFFDBFFF6BCCBFEF0123AFD9B" blockId="10.[136,1452,236,1265]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">
Description. Male (
<typeStatus id="A96B886EFFDBFFF6BDE6FEF017DCFE80" box="[400,499,271,295]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Body length 14.42, carapace 5.77 long, 3.24 wide, prosoma 0.97 high, abdomen 8.65 long, 2.03 wide, 0.51 high. Eyes (severely deformed by preservation and thus asymmetric in measurements): left AME 0.23, right AME 0.30, left ALE 0.225, right ALE -, left PME 0.23, right PME 0.30, left PLE -, right PLE -, AME-AME 0.28, AME-ALE 0.24, PME-PME 0.29, PME-PLE -, AME-PME 0.30, ALE-PLE -, 
<collectingCountry id="0EC7765CFFDBFFF6BFB1FE8815C3FE28" box="[967,1004,375,399]" name="Switzerland" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">CH</collectingCountry>
AME -, 
<collectingCountry id="0EC7765CFFDBFFF6B83EFE881242FE28" box="[1096,1133,375,399]" name="Switzerland" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">CH</collectingCountry>
ALE -. Spination: palp: 1100, 1210, 2111; legs: femur I 144, II 350, III -, IV 012 (incomplete); patella I -, 
<date id="026E100CFFDBFFF6BFDBFE6515D2FE15" box="[941,1021,410,434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276" value="2010-02">II 2010</date>
, III -, 
<date id="026E100CFFDBFFF6B848FE6512B6FE15" box="[1086,1177,410,434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276" value="1211-04">IV 1211</date>
; tibia I -, 
<date id="026E100CFFDBFFF6B888FE651361FE15" box="[1278,1358,410,434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276" value="1012-02">II 1012</date>
, III -, 
<date id="026E100CFFDBFFF6B9E6FE651692FE73" pageId="10" pageNumber="276" value="1211-04">IV 1211</date>
(incomplete); metatarsus 
<date id="026E100CFFDBFFF6BDA7FE421439FE73" box="[465,534,444,468]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276" value="1112-01">I 1112</date>
, II 4442, III 3234, IV 3332; tarsus without spines. Measurements of palp and legs: left side: palp 5.08 (2.00, 0.67, 1.25, 1.16), leg I - (11.09, -, -, -, 5.77), leg II 32.18 (10.83, 1.87, 7.75, 8.11, 3.62), leg III - (6.41, -, -, -, -), leg IV 23.71 (6.53, 1.85, 6.45, 6.75, 2.13); right side: palp - (-, 0.72, -, 1.23), leg I - (-, -, -, -, -), leg II - (-, -, -, -, -), leg III 17.63 (6.44, 1.63, 3.80, 4.04, 1.72), leg IV 23.50 (6.60, 1.88, 6.06, 6.64, 2.32).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="766F36CCFFDBFFF6BCCBFDB8145CFBE3" blockId="10.[136,1452,236,1265]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">
Carapace ampullate; prosoma extremely flat (height/length ratio 0.168), covered by hairs and few feathery scales; pars cephalica slightly elevated; fovea distinct, deep and longitudinal (
<figureCitation id="EEEB2A49FFDBFFF6BF3BFD95158DFD25" box="[845,930,618,642]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-60@8.[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li, gen. &amp; sp. nov., holotype male. A. Habitus, ventral view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Tarsal claws of left leg II. D. Eye domain, dorsal view. E. Mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B=2.0mm; C=0.2 mm; D–E=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367243/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). Eight eyes, all severely deformed; eye domain strongly protruding, AME and PME on a tubercle with AME situated on apex; ALE and PLE separate, but on common lateral tubercles; both anterior and posterior eye row recurved in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="EEEB2A49FFDBFFF6BFF3FD5015F4FD60" box="[901,987,687,711]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-60@8.[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li, gen. &amp; sp. nov., holotype male. A. Habitus, ventral view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Tarsal claws of left leg II. D. Eye domain, dorsal view. E. Mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B=2.0mm; C=0.2 mm; D–E=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367243/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
). Chelicerae covered by setae at promargin (
<figureCitation id="EEEB2A49FFDBFFF6BCE6FD2D16CAFD4D" box="[144,229,722,746]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-60@8.[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li, gen. &amp; sp. nov., holotype male. A. Habitus, ventral view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Tarsal claws of left leg II. D. Eye domain, dorsal view. E. Mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B=2.0mm; C=0.2 mm; D–E=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367243/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
); few true teeth present on promargin and retromargin; fangs long. Endite not converging, tapering, longer than width; serrula in a single row; labium longer than wide, not fused to sternum (
<figureCitation id="EEEB2A49FFDBFFF6BFB8FD0B120EFCAB" box="[974,1057,756,780]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-60@8.[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li, gen. &amp; sp. nov., holotype male. A. Habitus, ventral view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Tarsal claws of left leg II. D. Eye domain, dorsal view. E. Mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B=2.0mm; C=0.2 mm; D–E=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367243/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
); sternum shield-shaped, longer than wide, extending between coxae IV (
<figureCitation id="EEEB2A49FFDBFFF6BE71FCE81475FC88" box="[519,602,791,815]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-60@8.[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li, gen. &amp; sp. nov., holotype male. A. Habitus, ventral view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Tarsal claws of left leg II. D. Eye domain, dorsal view. E. Mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B=2.0mm; C=0.2 mm; D–E=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367243/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
). Legs elongated, leg formula 1243, covered by hair, feathery scales present but not dense; tactile hairs plumose; spines numerous (see above), but absent in all tarsi; spines at apex of metatarsi forming a ring; metatarsal preening combs absent; vestigial calamistrum in male absent; femoral trichobothria absent; 
<collectionCode id="10C1AE09FFDBFFF6B952FCA31360FCD3" box="[1316,1359,860,884]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hz43-zma8" name="International Transit Centre" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">ITC</collectionCode>
present, slightly smaller than 
<collectionCode id="10C1AE09FFDBFFF6BD07FC80178AFC30" box="[369,421,895,919]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/e5w9-0q9s" name="Sichuan Teacher's College" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">STC</collectionCode>
; 
<collectionCode id="10C1AE09FFDBFFF6BDC5FC8017CBFC30" box="[435,484,895,919]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/e5w9-0q9s" name="Sichuan Teacher's College" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">STC</collectionCode>
teeth uniseriate, three or four; serrate accessory claw setae present (
<figureCitation id="EEEB2A49FFDBFFF6B8AEFC801300FC30" box="[1240,1327,895,919]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-60@8.[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li, gen. &amp; sp. nov., holotype male. A. Habitus, ventral view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Tarsal claws of left leg II. D. Eye domain, dorsal view. E. Mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B=2.0mm; C=0.2 mm; D–E=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367243/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Abdomen elongated and extremely flattened (height/length ratio 0.059), severely wrinkled by preservation, with scattered black spots and patches, length more than four times width, unsclerotized, covered by many hairs and few feathery scales; one pair of booklungs; clusters of plumose setae present on distal half of dorsal abdomen in one pair; spiracle and spinnerets covered by dark grey cloudy matter and thus not observable; end of abdomen most likely extending beyond invisible spinnerets and anal tubercle, bearing long hairs (
<figureCitation id="EEEB2A49FFDBFFF6BD9BFBD31448FBE3" box="[493,615,1068,1092]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-60@8.[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li, gen. &amp; sp. nov., holotype male. A. Habitus, ventral view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Tarsal claws of left leg II. D. Eye domain, dorsal view. E. Mouthparts, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B=2.0mm; C=0.2 mm; D–E=1.0mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367243/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">Figs 5A–B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="766F36CCFFDBFFF6BCCBFBB01717FB68" blockId="10.[136,1452,236,1265]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">
Male palp (
<figureCitation id="EEEB2A49FFDBFFF6BD4EFBB0179CFBC0" box="[312,435,1103,1127]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[155,218,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetId="figure-61@9.[216,1372,260,1960]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Gigarachne bian Jiang &amp; Li, gen. &amp; sp. nov., holotype male, right male palp.A.Apical view. B. Retrolateral view.C.Ventral view. Images horizontally flipped for the sake of comparison. Scale bars: A=0.2mm; B–C=0.5mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5367245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5367245/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">Figs 6A–C</figureCitation>
). Both palps severely deformed, rendering asymmetrical morphology of podomeres and bulbs. Femur longest, bearing spines, without apophysis. Tibia with dorsal spines, without apophysis. Cymbium spoon-shaped, densely covered by long hairs, dorsal spines present, paracymbium absent. Tegulum bearing five apophyses, homology difficult to infer.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="766F36CCFFDBFFF6BCCBFB2617A5FB56" blockId="10.[136,1452,236,1265]" box="[189,394,1241,1265]" pageId="10" pageNumber="276">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>