713 lines
92 KiB
XML
713 lines
92 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1182-11" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7D486E38F8D4515B9DCE28D0968913BE" ID-ZooBank="B49C6966A3DE415E9D6AB9EACEECBA99" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1182-11" checkinTime="1697100858327" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Scheffrahn, Rudolf H. & Vasconcellos, Alexandre" docDate="2023" docId="A37D1611D68352A6881E9E18BB014DB4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1182: 11-18" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1182" docPubDate="2023-10-11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243" docTitle="Cryptotermes pugnus Scheffrahn & Vasconcellos 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="B7EB068D-34FD-4B36-A5B9-C37A230F05FD" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="7D486E38F8D4515B9DCE28D0968913BE" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="7D486E38F8D4515B9DCE28D0968913BE" masterDocTitle="Cryptotermes pugnus (Blattodea, Isoptera, Kalotermitidae), a new drywood termite species from the Brazilian Caatinga dry forest and key to South American Cryptotermes Banks, 1909" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="11" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1697100858327" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F62811F8824990DD15C576500221D2CB">
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<mods:title id="112D557393537DABE7585B74C2C2D5B9">Cryptotermes pugnus (Blattodea, Isoptera, Kalotermitidae), a new drywood termite species from the Brazilian Caatinga dry forest and key to South American Cryptotermes Banks, 1909</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="7E44E39C979BD5E93D61979B062BA9BD" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EA9C0471D830B8F2CB1E3B996F702AF3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="819DC2A95B83148C71B2A5F9E6B9885A">Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B1E47FAA23004499EC40A3E0CFEB64BC">Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3205 College Avenue Davie, Florida 33314, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="625465207D689E07252FE4EC53590C22" type="email">rhsc@ufl.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B577EC6F8692D4942D4657AF4FE54B8E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0D29EA08A93DA79417E6BEA45FFC7F62">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B3BAD68E2EC91F0F28DE908ADFBB30EE">Vasconcellos, Alexandre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="95BC3AA91548EA638B022061383B5A8D" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7211-7097</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A260FC4E69EAB2BA5F8D8D1FB2DF852">Laboratorio de Termitologia, Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia, Centro de Ciencias Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Paraiba, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="57116DE405DB155331890A06914BB326">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C3E8EA8C8D0F07BF8B5C43A354C948C2">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AE46717F5113F6C2CAEE7775C128919E">
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<mods:date id="EEC976A1DCABAEAAC39DCFFC6C0C4579">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2C926E3434879361908BCE090E9DF151">2023-10-11</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="50E9032DB5A3F114D0D8E2D8E8BDF96F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="65D93D4BE7C562CE90FC93EAB33F7540">1182</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="51FE4183CBD3145237FB9F0B2C630E3D">11</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="4A2373B7964BE775E881098E63948082">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="F06895C0510B9E30C31DB5CC614FE3E2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F811BF8A08802469E5A269380AE345BE" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A37D1611D68352A6881E9E18BB014DB4" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B7EB068D-34FD-4B36-A5B9-C37A230F05FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A37D1611D68352A6881E9E18BB014DB4" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="15CE75D543F5800BE2862242821754F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="245977C9DF8754270816153E241372EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="8EC353AEEACDBB1299B95E1798AA0D17" LSID="https://zoobank.org/B7EB068D-34FD-4B36-A5B9-C37A230F05FD" authority="Scheffrahn & Vasconcellos" authorityName="Scheffrahn & Vasconcellos" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Cryptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptotermes pugnus" order="Blattodea" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pugnus" status="sp. nov.">Cryptotermes pugnus Scheffrahn & Vasconcellos</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="666CAF05D6D0853DE4395AEE44276A90" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A76B91BD789350ACFD4475FD88DFCD16" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph id="989674844251EE94113BA81F0507D1BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Comparison.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CB460372DC94403F8CE88A15392BF5BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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The imago of
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<taxonomicName id="7B21DC33D5C21449CCC1617AC8AB223D" lsidName="C. pugnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="pugnus">
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<emphasis id="9DDB9FB0964851A4125BE90F01ABD780" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. pugnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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groups with
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<taxonomicName id="EDFF03ECA650EC9317F0ED034A5F4D5A" lsidName="C. brevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="brevis">
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<emphasis id="590D5EBD2DE0AA3AC608E25A6C1984F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. brevis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="1384BF3865F03F08F99201CF72DF4400" lsidName="C. chacoensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
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<emphasis id="1DA360105FA229DB862A716E131EECC5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. chacoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Roisin, 2003,
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<taxonomicName id="D831984933FAB4CCA1C971E0DB16E531" lsidName="C. kirbyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="kirbyi">
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<emphasis id="A6FC0F6DD8554433EDE161E76D5D0259" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. kirbyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Moszkowski, 1955, and
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<taxonomicName id="89C709E9F738F3B3E7F8EDD4A664007D" lsidName="C. darwini" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="darwini">
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<emphasis id="C92D10E90C042884851EB5F5B3963F81" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. darwini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Light, 1935) in having the arolium absent between the tarsal claws (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="58FAA25A1F8A2D65EE396CE798D7CA62" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Imago of Cryptotermes pugnus sp. nov. (SA 470) A dorsal view of head and pronotum B lateral view of head and pronotum C distal tarsomere of foreleg D left forewing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919190" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">1C</figureCitation>
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). The forewing venation of the
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<taxonomicName id="9F326EE92F51E1190D65233252BCE1C7" lsidName="C. pugnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="pugnus">
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<emphasis id="047CDD242EAA003ED1994BBA56049625" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. pugnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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imago is atypical for most of the genus in having several branches splitting from the media and intersecting the radial sector (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="05394804EF55C89D8E199EDF9979D03C" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Imago of Cryptotermes pugnus sp. nov. (SA 470) A dorsal view of head and pronotum B lateral view of head and pronotum C distal tarsomere of foreleg D left forewing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919190" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">1D</figureCitation>
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). This character is only known from
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<taxonomicName id="27B986676962269822A746C52650D4E2" lsidName="C. brevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="brevis">
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<emphasis id="7F2B1D18F24148A627B3209D761B3DF6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. brevis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="249C3ECA02B5F9F90E8A35C0EF78DF48" lsidName="C. darwini" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="darwini">
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<emphasis id="ACACFB47C61AFE343B118D700967FCC5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. darwini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="78E600464C593790A79B412153ABADB5" author="Light, SF" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Fourth Series)" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" pagination="233 - 256" refId="B5" refString="Light, SF, 1935. The Templeton Crocker Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences, 1932. No. 20. The termites. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Fourth Series) 21: 233 - 256" title="The Templeton Crocker Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences, 1932. No. 20. The termites." volume="21" year="1935">Light 1935</bibRefCitation>
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), and
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<taxonomicName id="FAA486EA9388318AEE9A3788E6780644" lsidName="C. kirbyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="kirbyi">
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<emphasis id="F5CE4F19A92704C12B67AFF42DD64C0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. kirbyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="375D91EDAE1298ACE302371B17D5EB7E" author="Bacchus, S" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Development and Research Institute, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" refId="B1" refString="Bacchus, S, 1987. TDRI Tropical Pest Bulletin 7: a Taxonomic and Biometric Study of the Genus Cryptotermes (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae). Tropical Development and Research Institute, London" title="TDRI Tropical Pest Bulletin 7: a Taxonomic and Biometric Study of the Genus Cryptotermes (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae)." year="1987">Bacchus 1987</bibRefCitation>
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). The latter two species may be found in future studies to by synonyms of
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<taxonomicName id="DF8D0970BD4BABD6A93A2BF012A259AF" lsidName="C. brevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="brevis">
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<emphasis id="22A2706D9D0E31E3DEF6D8483E3D8A93" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. brevis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="F81088C960B194D369B129937E9AFB72" author="Roisin, Y" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" pagination="319 - 327" refId="B7" refString="Roisin, Y, 2003. Cryptotermes chacoensis, a new species from native South American inland habitats (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae). Sociobiology 42: 319 - 327" title="Cryptotermes chacoensis, a new species from native South American inland habitats (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae)." volume="42" year="2003">Roisin (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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did not describe the venation of
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<taxonomicName id="28998083A4BE933DAD5089A77E3FABF7" lsidName="C. chacoensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
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<emphasis id="FA27DDA1751437ED7B452C425887262D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. chacoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="CEFFBFD3DD403B080400FC0E81D8C059" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919190" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph id="A97632FA2CACD6E95B55AFF3384B8F45" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="72E851C37BE3DB88C850BEA24D904649" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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Imago of
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<taxonomicName id="F194E9C9994883088E52A60F74F8D785" authorityName="Scheffrahn & Vasconcellos" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Cryptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptotermes pugnus" order="Isoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pugnus">
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<emphasis id="138E49DA0DDBE881B9E3D064D76AD670" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Cryptotermes pugnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (SA470)
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<emphasis id="8600B634DC7E408313D3D508432D4FAB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">A</emphasis>
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dorsal view of head and pronotum
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<emphasis id="7D1C68E248723C44D5E65D76172D385F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">B</emphasis>
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lateral view of head and pronotum
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<emphasis id="CA417A50934946B9407386113F80665F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C</emphasis>
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distal tarsomere of foreleg
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<emphasis id="383C52D7C4A1481C9C51D4897359B80D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">D</emphasis>
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left forewing.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="2D9E0E96F98CCC2ADB4A1895157FFA6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
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Among mainland South American
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<taxonomicName id="49A4AC6F101F6191E68634202B4AC5E1" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Cryptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptotermes" order="Isoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BC630557B2CF845E095675AAA28BDC46" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Cryptotermes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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soldiers,
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<taxonomicName id="29B62B237BEC03D82360A0A2481E91D8" lsidName="C. pugnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="pugnus">
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<emphasis id="CB3AA9935E57E8C10CE4EA7C236E9696" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. pugnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is unique in having, in dorsal view, a cuboidal head capsule and a very rugose, rounded and projecting postclypeus (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="861016D99D79E603C8E1D428B450F4E1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Soldier of Cryptotermes pugnus sp. nov. (SA 470) A dorsal view of head and pronotum B lateral view of head and pronotum C oblique view of head and pronotum D ventral view of head and pronotum E lateral view of cephalic horns. FF = frontal flange, FH = frontal horn, and GH = genal horn." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919191" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">2</figureCitation>
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||
). The postclypeus of
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<taxonomicName id="B980384CF2C0436885106FA387C4A1CA" lsidName="C. brevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
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<emphasis id="328FC6E45F09D7FC4512B59B95C6B7F7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. brevis</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="E8B41A59B34248ABDD635629177DF640" lsidName="C. chacoensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
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<emphasis id="45D3708548E009DC2DA494EC22A1E2F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. chacoensis</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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soldiers are closest to
|
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<taxonomicName id="EDF9CF36AE5ABC28F41D0B296A5AE925" lsidName="C. pugnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="pugnus">
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<emphasis id="8709D6F61E71AE56A7525CD8B876BAAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. pugnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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, but the head capsules of the former two are constricted (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="A696ECDBB0CB2F1069396F5D7A2191A3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3</figureCitation>
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). Along with
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<taxonomicName id="A700DE090719A6429208DD24B73CF5CD" lsidName="C. pugnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="pugnus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E9793BBE2D67E623E7FF9BAA94118F2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. pugnus</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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, only
|
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<taxonomicName id="051833FED0A3EB039124A7F34F21F6E7" lsidName="C. aequacornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="aequacornis">
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<emphasis id="E98D4AC674DFD3951A85689AAC361BC2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. aequacornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="1327428FA9CC99BDE5EEB84CF63544FF" lsidName="C. cylindroceps" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="cylindroceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="DA378013C1540F6F5CF9B6EA51E7AC83" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. cylindroceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A90AEC22E5E5EC50F53B7892145481E" lsidName="C. rhicnocephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="rhicnocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B999EC48918024DFB291B0954C756D86" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. rhicnocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have both frontal and genal horns projecting the same length anteriorly (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="917201D9BD516A8F278A56BBC90F96CF" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3H, L, M</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B169D520DF2F1D04A39087AA2380C12E" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919191" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph id="907986D2C424A722C150EF534DEFB476" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B44AA39BA50FCD855EE665DF650CD2D6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Soldier of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C9878466B62DBB17FA523CF2488B8B01" authorityName="Scheffrahn & Vasconcellos" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Cryptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptotermes pugnus" order="Isoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pugnus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B596CAFCD9EE96E63D3DE4AFB569C2A8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Cryptotermes pugnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (SA470)
|
||
<emphasis id="C76A00A06AC79D4F6B3F240AB76B1D06" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">A</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view of head and pronotum
|
||
<emphasis id="52924FB9BD16419ECD8D15A1AF141326" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">B</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view of head and pronotum
|
||
<emphasis id="F1F691298CE36C053F204D0252AE1627" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C</emphasis>
|
||
oblique view of head and pronotum
|
||
<emphasis id="0847242FF778C409E3A0AF82914EF1CD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">D</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view of head and pronotum
|
||
<emphasis id="FE5B82585F995477357431B941D6EBEF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">E</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view of cephalic horns. FF = frontal flange, FH = frontal horn, and GH = genal horn.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="C84E6B62DE3C2DDECED7D753D484F0CB" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||
<paragraph id="7E6343D6745CACEB62571BDD31154D57" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="233F46FAF7E3B6F3CA78B7FD95B78A04" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
South American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="386F33C53C9B0FF3A87FC5BB0C8D5EB9" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Cryptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptotermes" order="Isoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="355BAF515F7C658E5733341845F1F0D3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Cryptotermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
soldier head capsules
|
||
<emphasis id="7B62057E3189FA475921C49D1D3BA8F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6C8EB0BC0AE1DCE641AD943847DF75C1" lsidName="C. dudleyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="dudleyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="3D5B204460EE048E835481FA023322F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. dudleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(arrow: genal horn)
|
||
<emphasis id="F4C142660ED8F1763955BAC26DEB42CF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A6B1F7977D6622C4AA12BB7B0461B212" lsidName="C. havilandi" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="havilandi">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3B65154A4F40CBA1FB85B8A28BAA7D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. havilandi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(arrow: genal horn)
|
||
<emphasis id="A5B779BBCA9A2FA557FE1C73680147FA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCDE624D21007FE0AA65B4ECD08F29C5" lsidName="C. colombianus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A699E0DC15A463F566B01A2B722F80FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="00046C969B644A312E9D09BDE52A9DCC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2A6DD93518D256A255F9B6164C9C564B" lsidName="C. contognathus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="contognathus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F069E530158D8C76F34E18CB156DEC70" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. contognathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(arrow: frontal horn)
|
||
<emphasis id="49763304ADEFE4BE7819B31D1A9AB9F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">E</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9CE9F43F408A0B42B678C4043A2EDB1" lsidName="C. chacoensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="AA84050FE6B90FF3E56F81D0A07C0805" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. chacoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(arrow: constriction)
|
||
<emphasis id="0FBA2C92287B2DBF5A2EC61BF358B02B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D161CB10460944ED689AD8A5A3959DF0" lsidName="C. brevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D29A7701CB1A3D2CE6682444A6B4A3D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(arrow: constriction)
|
||
<emphasis id="A6637BEC05EA7288DEE0B2178BCAF0DE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">G</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ADB86BEA0D6B0220072D8F7D43F76B2" lsidName="C. cubicoceps" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="cubicoceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="A6B63E8E6535E27F68D9FE25A8693229" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. cubicoceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(arrow: frontal horn)
|
||
<emphasis id="A63E39E92007D93AB6452C39DC48124A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">H</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1CD0E9892D8E09BAE2D7B1752769CDF3" lsidName="C. aequacornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="aequacornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C37A52DA5EE2C537145415E49411B45D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. aequacornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles)
|
||
<emphasis id="FA85988677C6D52CE23CE9A38B7FA8D1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">I</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C36EDA022651F320C1454E51578B2642" lsidName="C. pugnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="pugnus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D27AE77BB14A364DE8B959853F23584" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. pugnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles)
|
||
<emphasis id="A587A290C97118A41EE9FF5794CD04A2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">J</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C27A6C50C415FF697B39FA510DAC7F9D" lsidName="C. camelus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="camelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="517B046DDEF144596D2D5A86B6CA3F44" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. camelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(arrow: frontal flange)
|
||
<emphasis id="0BC8211CC2129D0293F6B777EA00A5A2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">K</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="30259BF1CA23F6CFE6EFB8C5325A861E" lsidName="C. verruculosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="verruculosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9D82FAC84DBE7A22FCBD53DBA50FB674" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. verruculosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(arrow: frontal flange)
|
||
<emphasis id="41C57401BA98D8AA9BFDF3CD7B0E586B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">L</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B55314D0B83F87D5BC62495160C443EF" lsidName="C. cylindroceps" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="cylindroceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="57DD57354A59FC9E31F21BDBFFA2B7D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. cylindroceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(arrow: lateral margin of vertex)
|
||
<emphasis id="8DCFD6F6B472605A38A365C319AE39BF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">M</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5547FBB2D3C63E3101967C242E79564B" lsidName="C. rhicnocephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="rhicnocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4D257E79104FB506EC752EDAB81D5F62" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. rhicnocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim)
|
||
<emphasis id="0CABA10072ABFFAD1B3AFC3181F54FC9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">N</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DBF84A4AA73375D5786C258E1D54277D" lsidName="C. fatulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="fatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="016703C51DC566FD6B1403B2AE26DEEE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. fatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn)
|
||
<emphasis id="2CF68859F1C2CB0202F8E7AE6C5802FC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">O</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="876C5F7B4EE586AD37B59020F8825A14" lsidName="C. mangoldi" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="mangoldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="C6DCC93E16BAA293D2AF119EA050EB09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. mangoldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim).
|
||
<emphasis id="826CD9002FCACB09931D7E57F0AF827F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">A, B, F, H, L, M</emphasis>
|
||
modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4F5F5F36216690BB727D7FA50A904F65" author="Scheffrahn, RH" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Mundi" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" pagination="111 - 171" refId="B10" refString="Scheffrahn, RH, Krecek, J, 1999. Termites of the genus Cryptotermes Banks (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) from the West Indies. Insecta Mundi 13: 111 - 171" title="Termites of the genus Cryptotermes Banks (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) from the West Indies." volume="13" year="1999">
|
||
Scheffrahn and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D18150DACB71D6E5F19A4605F03843BB" originalValue="Křeček">Krecek</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1999)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; C modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1DD3D890E90993F8CA39C4BA10C563D5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.596.9080" author="Casalla, R" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" pagination="39 - 52" refId="B3" refString="Casalla, R, Scheffrahn, R, Korb, J, 2016. Cryptotermes colombianus a new drywood termite and distribution record of Cryptotermes in Colombia. ZooKeys 596: 39 - 52, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.596.9080" title="Cryptotermes colombianus a new drywood termite and distribution record of Cryptotermes in Colombia." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.596.9080" volume="596" year="2016">Casalla et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AC25D8CA11A19B912E983D38C1487650" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="169F47A6FA7DECCEFBD9E19514A91DC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4792D8952D83A899AC921822AD280A63" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="AB4AE3E83AB77A28F17AD2021F416E40" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Imago</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0A0E89114BFA80E694813100EB24D4C8" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Imago of Cryptotermes pugnus sp. nov. (SA 470) A dorsal view of head and pronotum B lateral view of head and pronotum C distal tarsomere of foreleg D left forewing." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919190" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">1A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head capsule and pronotum pale yellow brown. Compound eye obtusely triangular; ocellus light yellow, about half diameter of eye, roundly ellipsoid, and touching eye margin. Vertex with a few short setae. Pronotum wider than head capsule; anterior margin shallowly concave. Pronotum lateral margins with about one dozen setae each. Antennae with 15 articles, basal article relative lengths 2 = 3> 4 = 5. Forewing with subcosta joining costal margin at about 1/8 of wing length from suture. Wing membrane pale; veins a shade darker. Costa, subcostal, radius, and radial sector sclerotized; unsclerotized media with several branches intersecting radial sector; media terminating at radial sector about 3/4 wing length, then appearing as a separate branch near tip of wing. Arolium absent. Measurements (mm, mean,
|
||
<emphasis id="43B43CBBA00624847C1F9E2E19DEC2D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 3). Head maximum width with eyes 0.96; head maximum width without eyes 0.88; pronotum maximum width 0.94; eye maximum diameter 0.23; ocellus maximum diameter 0.12; total body length 5.3; right forewing length from scale 6.90; body length with wings 8.74.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C172462E50842DACC7D2B53B173C1421" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="EDACA1BFE92BDE96EA066A2A233C8874" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Soldier</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="83569A12473CF6C66D923E8DBA321841" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Soldier of Cryptotermes pugnus sp. nov. (SA 470) A dorsal view of head and pronotum B lateral view of head and pronotum C oblique view of head and pronotum D ventral view of head and pronotum E lateral view of cephalic horns. FF = frontal flange, FH = frontal horn, and GH = genal horn." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919191" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">2A-E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head capsule, in dorsal view, strongly rugose; dark castaneous brown from postclypeus grading to orange-brown at occiput. Head capsule widest at posterior third, narrowest at frontal flange. Frontal flange (ridge) V-shaped with deep median cleft. Posterior margin of head capsule truncate, posterolateral corners forming right angles, lateral margins nearly parallel combining to form cuboidal appearance. In lateral view, frontal flange elevated, vertex unevenly concave; frontal horns visible as blunt knobs. Genal horns evenly rounded, slightly posterior to frontal horns (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5F9E363BFD6510CE2768F49F5F3EC791" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Soldier of Cryptotermes pugnus sp. nov. (SA 470) A dorsal view of head and pronotum B lateral view of head and pronotum C oblique view of head and pronotum D ventral view of head and pronotum E lateral view of cephalic horns. FF = frontal flange, FH = frontal horn, and GH = genal horn." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919191" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">2E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotum angled sharply from vertex, narrower than head; anterior margin dark and ruffle; incised in middle with rounded anterior lobes. Eye spots large, narrowly elliptical. In oblique view (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E59014BD5A08699C53AE009181CB40E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Soldier of Cryptotermes pugnus sp. nov. (SA 470) A dorsal view of head and pronotum B lateral view of head and pronotum C oblique view of head and pronotum D ventral view of head and pronotum E lateral view of cephalic horns. FF = frontal flange, FH = frontal horn, and GH = genal horn." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919191" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">2C</figureCitation>
|
||
) frons concave. Postclypeus evenly convex, strongly rugose, projecting well beyond frontal flange (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FB0D0E6CE38D90E85A0E1662588BEE4C" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Soldier of Cryptotermes pugnus sp. nov. (SA 470) A dorsal view of head and pronotum B lateral view of head and pronotum C oblique view of head and pronotum D ventral view of head and pronotum E lateral view of cephalic horns. FF = frontal flange, FH = frontal horn, and GH = genal horn." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919191" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antennae with 8 or 9 articles, third fused or divided; or with 10 or 11 articles, third fused or divided. Mandibles wide and short for the genus; rugose, rounded basal hump at half-length when seen from below, outer margin of blade angles about 50°. Measurements (mm, mean,
|
||
<emphasis id="2A28E8F526C416B3857A33FDEDF3C930" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2). Head length to tip of mandibles 1.57; head length to tip genal horns 1.20, frontal flange width 1.11; frontal horns, outside span 0.90; genal horns, outer span 0.95; head width, maximum 1.20; head width, minimum (behind frontal flange) 1.10; head height, excluding postmentum 0.88; pronotum, maximum length 0.95; pronotum, maximum width 1.12; left mandible length, tip to ventral condyle 0.53.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48136D33109A528CC8439D868042E345" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph id="8EC9148B9E31F95DD6489E0FA9607351" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Type materials.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="55C76720D223ECE12B07C4CA991BC8D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="5D319969B85592B0B75E3E0D4EB0A32E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
: Brazil • Soldier;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="79F47211FD42B5E55E50A8FF191954B6" originalValue="Paraíba">Paraiba</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A06068DE9FED97690AECC801605B649F" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A2154975386EE4920BC07A83523D3AFA" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
dos Cordeiros;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1C509CBAFF9015AA2E8BFC4707F27B75" degrees="7.39056" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-7.39056">-7.39056</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="011CF43A44CFC733A14A586F84B33D2B" degrees="36.80833" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-36.80833">-36.80833</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 526 m a.s.l.; 17 Aug. 2000; A. Vasconcellos leg.; two soldiers (one labelled holotype, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FF058004D899BBCD84422E618CC3F3DE" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Soldier of Cryptotermes pugnus sp. nov. (SA 470) A dorsal view of head and pronotum B lateral view of head and pronotum C oblique view of head and pronotum D ventral view of head and pronotum E lateral view of cephalic horns. FF = frontal flange, FH = frontal horn, and GH = genal horn." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919191" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">2</figureCitation>
|
||
), three imagos, and three pseudergates; University of Florida Termite Collection (UFTC) no. SA470, subsample from Federal University of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="447534CEB02B63D9BE8EB1E87160EAD7" originalValue="Paraíba">Paraiba</normalizedToken>
|
||
Termite Collection (FUPTC) no. 2052.
|
||
<emphasis id="8509E1C85988CB30D196E8EDF01B2BFD" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
: Brazil • Bahia,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7826CB5B0730E5A929A45535FF0BE166" originalValue="Curaçá">Curaca</normalizedToken>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2D0049768F3433FA8FAD3E5698B51143" degrees="9.123" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-9.123">-9.123</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="47C9E39E770A2B57E11C0D946FC42BAE" degrees="39.691" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-39.691">-39.691</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 366 m a.s.l.; 4 May 2011; A. Vasconcellos leg.; one soldier and pseudergates; FUPTC no. 4345.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="69370BE0B4A309B110B72122C37EFF60" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="35134E7A66A756BB5E27263F1D7A83B3" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="412D7928BCD0786C8FBD44962F00C56E" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Named after the pug dog. The oblique view of the soldier (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="BD5DDDF0B957B244DE6F3945733C1FF2" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Soldier of Cryptotermes pugnus sp. nov. (SA 470) A dorsal view of head and pronotum B lateral view of head and pronotum C oblique view of head and pronotum D ventral view of head and pronotum E lateral view of cephalic horns. FF = frontal flange, FH = frontal horn, and GH = genal horn." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919191" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">2C</figureCitation>
|
||
) resembles this short-nosed breed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="303F961108C791CE79D68227B8ECAB75" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" type="key to south american cryptotermes soldiers">
|
||
<paragraph id="37B712A482710EEBF89FB6EB140CFFDF" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Key to South American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5C3BF18D7F985DDD924DC0F8349A3CF4" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1906" class="Insecta" family="Kalotermitidae" genus="Cryptotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptotermes" order="Isoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7C3ADE01F9F23EB91FB50B5189480A20" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">Cryptotermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
soldiers
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3F9F99D68AE7C67298EAE5EF3A76FFA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<table id="56E5C0D86A56813C1390FB2ECE9BCC5C" inLine="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<tr id="A8F2284D8E8BBAE5AB09466700A90869" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="BDEADAC5BB162819532E1433552A78E8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">1</td>
|
||
<td id="302C64635ECB8B9BCFA36B9659A3879C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
In dorsal (or ventral) view, genal horns form anterolateral knobs of head capsule; vertex smooth (introduced species) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D046B5BAAAFFE55F22BE25F18574BE6C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7BB64387D52A5F4C9166CEF22E3D36CF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="5D6FEAF779DF3EC40CA9955937D4BE64" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">2</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="5C57403E25ACE4FFD7D8B98AB72B6DA8" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="092C948232DBE1521A4063F15DE16625" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="5283EC38426B7F0814D83D9DCF62F7B6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
In dorsal view, genal horns eclipsed by frontal horn or frontal flange (e.g. Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2EE537555C42674A5855D9273C3FED5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3H</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="D27479DFF5F15F569AC51DB2F7C0E7F8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="81D6442DE46D40BB1BE232476C856680" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="0B640D6D88C7A0F21303EF7CE53797C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="3251A683ADB0664817B4006B8351FD17" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">2</td>
|
||
<td id="1ECCBE872735EF95D1C7F3751E5E7213" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Mandibles project more than one third length of head capsule (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="02484309AB30A9DA2DA0E810169B0649" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="F4C173587C3D8E6C04435A4B6D806C39" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="06E30B089C97C9EEC0E049E4ADE6B77B" lsidName="C. dudleyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="dudleyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="38E3D64986C1737F0ACC80A5F24F814A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. dudleyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="E76787941993654D4AFFD07448D08B6C" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="1220F9F0C15985BA25D6832444A08DEB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="852B6973146409C6198AA13DD5B1AAF1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Mandibles project about one fourth length of head capsule (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9001C3624D89A2C12057E61952B40C19" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3B</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="B2BE04F55B717C23FCBDE9C688C4F782" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AC12DED77E982EFF8ECDB92AF4C8D573" lsidName="C. havilandi" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="havilandi">
|
||
<emphasis id="634A3A8B4BB99309B3D73053BE65AEE2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. havilandi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B62E12D8A512CA878B714BC9CA27D741" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="ADD287AE9E10820870E49BEC93809B7C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">3</td>
|
||
<td id="191563CB725C6D3D030A73454E9F6407" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Mandibles barely project beyond frons or frontal horns (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="900FDB4F6AD70678B120430110D129B3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="58C4C853DB8AC21D8C21B78D97232ED2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9D8070B9DE6FFDD7B267D6207332CA0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">4</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D67A96859E138EFE7B8A41D424307B0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="8CE7D2ED127210D843F061FAB5C5B02B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="C6620A960B8CEB1FAA7A2A0929D5BF2C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Mandibles clearly project beyond frons or frontal horns (e.g. Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0479E327CA0069A91FD8BFACED2F3058" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3H</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="BCEC80B0AF3B25C169FAD22B92A4A698" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="429B248BACFBC73B8A8EF378A33088A8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">5</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="8F420647CEEEB9DB669C0D6EDD154EB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="3F007D01D8FC7FC655DCBED8BB1AA74D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">4</td>
|
||
<td id="73CD2BF0FBF6DFFA39988C15585B608B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Frontal horns not visible (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2477C90151C74E241C48B7622843C54B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3C</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="8FCC40C229618F3CA42A452285B2E798" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F3F912547877D12662AC81A6CC069475" lsidName="C. colombianus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="colombianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="29EB6F1229FBCCBED48328B6CF66247C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. colombianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="C380C7B004AE869EAAE649AB20C1B1F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="3A859BF02A3CFB68B4E0BB8F094B7F6F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="D72138B7E5B4EC0A8647C181F5F8D88E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Frontal horns visible (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="CF34644306DC0968E55C52791E38BEE1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3D</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="B0A3F3C0CC0FBDB5CFEFCF06ACE4DE38" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="808D9DF13DAB6232291A8B250B39FDDF" lsidName="C. contognathus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="contognathus">
|
||
<emphasis id="281F3BD7A024D92727FEF6174791A208" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. contognathus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="DB0087516E7490768217011C2F66A979" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="F7B4A158C2F1790DC34586B4AF6107EB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">5</td>
|
||
<td id="32C2A7C729906F9FBCF5B944A0ADB02F" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Vertex excavated; with deeply folding rugosity (e.g. Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F523E9A25CA3ED8050445C36850AF6C9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3H</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="07FE55EEBBF46871447A136DD6BE49E4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="E18417B906374B94AE3544098239EF9B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">6</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D64050F812DA079E3194EF81552F46CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="D04F51378B3ECD901E8C830908E5CFE8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="23399133B9A1ED666FA305AED87DCD66" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Vertex not excavated; rugosity more shallow (e.g. Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7062F0FB4344C09CA4CB47B50789DDA7" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3M</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="555D32180A9F7E684D21B5FD583B8A84" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="CA836BDB859B560AD3B43C9233E66CD9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">10</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="AD9943E38B33B19DCCA733AE33B62CB3" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="F17F095DFAEC923C9154AAC5CAC85905" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">6</td>
|
||
<td id="51136DACA8088C70733A85630E0FCC04" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Head constricted behind frontal flange (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="30D7796DA16C0A342EDFC5FEF9B11391" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="9005890346891E0490F412FF1EC11F44" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="8709902498D360C87160FA9B5782480E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">7</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D6AEA015E08E0A9240FFBA51FBA49F89" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="7862B0880AFCB474683F571611155757" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="F553F74F1F37F7F49DE3A3882162FB33" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Head not constricted behind frontal flange (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="876CAF53C63D6ED92E9969B8AEC72AA0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3G-I</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="AC520B862A016C54E72A4E60BF587945" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFF136BF5E7826D4F46F2B8C97F91F67" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">8</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A94DADAA1F0BEFF49556911B8BF82E24" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="0189F456E9D5864AECA2D195B98C0D42" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">7</td>
|
||
<td id="626AA4F26992832A992B823BA69422C2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Genal horns visible from above, mandibles with lateral humps; Gran Chaco region (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="76C719C8AE3B6484FCCE9D51F443A698" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3E</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="7CA38095EB9DB97543518603CBA3CF20" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="E5F0F9BC5476863F4BED05713821B53E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="084FC9B37614B4590CD9CFE671C0F3F6" lsidName="C. chacoensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="chacoensis">C. chacoensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="710427FAC1FE7E0E2995C2CD4D886524" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="6CDF9418FB951C5574856CAF1D154C6D" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="578C51BE8871EAF892366DD1127E20B6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Genal horns not visible from above, mandibles without lateral humps; widespread (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="92A1B2A79CF619AB244426F0CE0F9E38" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3F</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="41243BC46F80B5F78A50DCD5EC4F3A44" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="BF69A04C9B5AC622DF96F0435BA11D65" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D826222B89E11D90DF2F356DB64B0ED" lsidName="C. brevis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="brevis">C. brevis</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="7FDF1CB8D371A078CD38DF8D7F5AB2F4" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="6D4EE44DAB7676FDB2DB25E5925213B1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">8</td>
|
||
<td id="5B67A4F4AEBBDF9D73568FB3266D4A63" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Frontal horns barely extend beyond anterolateral margin of frontal flange (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CBCCC4A5A08F2423937851A9E1477B2" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3G</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="A28A7118097958CE78DC703805552EC7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B418672952F8C0D782935570D5AA83FF" lsidName="C. cubicoceps" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="cubicoceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="D466E9BEA026FFB88D49600C060688BC" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. cubicoceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D5F85962F4A994A428C4B4F4A059B3CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="710AB9672FC891C626A51C5F62AA32FB" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="AC20365C71FCCB1CDD458671CD2A47CF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Frontal horns extend well beyond anterolateral margin of frontal flange (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C87A7EEDE923E3138460C93652E39687" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="B1D76760B1025A80E99322D23A02DBDC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="808E94F0AE9FFFB0B98FD14E23E10700" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">9</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="78919CC7CECE3469C88FFA43BF2564B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="3A5B4111A68D679924A681E0C11D0225" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">9</td>
|
||
<td id="BFF692D8FAE535B1B5BD1137FECCA8FE" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Anterior margin of postclypeus linear; outer span of mandibles <1/2 width of head (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0D9B239BE56840EF1064F3C9615317B2" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3H</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="32A21DCB2194F91DE9C6A4B57C8A63F2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09DF6A550A1FEB164B7BCFCA8F284BA1" lsidName="C. aequacornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="aequacornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="54C90FAD8E9F38844C62DC15C211C705" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. aequacornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D9E2D753DEC46F5B8755DC537EF2D109" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="8B7A4D5A281D9F7415D05310CD970AE9" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="2C4ACB2A7BB88CAC21739C04450F8C51" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Anterior margin of postclypeus rounded; outer span of mandibles>1/2 width of head (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="57F2A80C585C4A2A5E24D079EC927E96" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3I</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="39F87BB93C9110250288311560F16AF8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="8FB59562425B20959959F371A5CDEAD6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8B2E52CC59D02D9C6C6DC228FCF52307" lsidName="C. pugnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="pugnus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6CCC4B7DECC43CEDD1A1F69B3982A4FE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. pugnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
*
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="61BBA24077331BE48B5F9166895893EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="EB6BF8628412BFE93D6513040193ED82" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">10</td>
|
||
<td id="E61854B8D8905099FA3458DF41FE250B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
In lateral view, frontal flange emerges above vertex as a rounded mound (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="EC5A13FC167C998F9BE2E8326D99188E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3J, K</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="120D6621BB157497A8B70F4929893988" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="999AB50DC58DF8DEA051675023D5883F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">11</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="D1CCEBCE8F086C0289EA8C0DB2C8C644" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="21B48F36D7253C4466E3D78E769C1992" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="BD48051A9F5B315BB5DEE02BB24663E7" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
In lateral view, frontal flange forms angular intersection with vertex (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5ABF1B97AEB36FAFA40C2F6603ADA43E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3L-N</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="85EDDE1C7EA7DFF5E38528763E98D285" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="DC010A26E1310B795ECC5D9E7113C7F2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">12</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="8F7801DCE75A83902AC9A3918323F0A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="1131EF076EC678F329E10A837705B567" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">11</td>
|
||
<td id="A0DAE50D44193E11CC0584B20A51C6B2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Frontal flange semicircular; humid Chaco (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D44234E7F7280D8C38C16A735BB8B466" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3J</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="DA30D24855589467F9C83C2A443F87C8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8401D83F91F28823BC0241230CBA0FA4" lsidName="C. camelus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="camelus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5ACD9D5AFDA66DACED69FAA1462367AA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. camelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4074584ECAA577619B7B78BF95BE98F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="AB07E1CDFE21F4AFA93CD51399A424FD" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="D3E1231F5161D15DFDB314043469F9B6" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Frontal flag quadrant (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="810AC06A880A5C9AC177FD482A25454E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3K</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="94279A160BAEC1B35987F7B492E8397C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D92146114C6EDBED394941C0012A1CFA" lsidName="C. verruculosus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="verruculosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3A177141E63D5DF056EB3851FC4ACE02" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. verruculosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="553549F963FB01CE793733617DF12EBD" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="FAC104D0FFF4FDF700181DBB1C0CE79C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">12</td>
|
||
<td id="9A7E49C02497DA1E021DBF4CB8470D61" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Lateral margin of vertex linear in lateral view (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="8BA3F105E2D93819D7A75B1A27FB8D65" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3L</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="ED4974FCA4CCDA29CC16E553CCC5E68A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB159FB8F4C89C95A9CDA6DE7C4DCCD5" lsidName="C. cylindroceps" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="cylindroceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="81DE54C41F59F5E089B61D1DA022915B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. cylindroceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="C2EE00780E07BE053AA163129F0581FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="84EE727D8D137EF0664E2E0CB1BEA85C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="7BF060EBA13B2ACB853163DC45FD79DC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Lateral margin of vertex concave (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="3311AAF93F37D3401B7E59ACB5F56A18" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3M-O</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="1AC0DC79ACEDA21D63E1D0174A1CA5E2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEBB6C342D5F960938E465BB383E924A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">13</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="82CF35AED004D7225DF5D5EF67562626" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="A06E09C93F0A195697B2E422C24BEE19" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">13</td>
|
||
<td id="24486DF98F48B86F9C5094BD3F06E51A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Flange without elevated rim (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="386225F8E3FEF81B6632DC984281ADF6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3M</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="DC6DF0322F98186BDC1D4056B5C02462" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9D4E352D1415739DB1C203315E81268" lsidName="C. rhicnocephalus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="rhicnocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B4FF14F7A01BD921381F531F2DFAE84" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. rhicnocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B85B6F556E03F673CDF84C59CD44D143" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="85D1A76419B8A6D6711FB350976C05F8" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="B3B18AF193566FECF18E05BD4F9E25B5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Flange with elevated rim (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9A665B95A107CE035DED971EA0ABE1BE" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3N, O</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="AF6DA8217870219E0BCD83AFC5D5E3A1" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="C19ACB25C585AA4467B3953E9589B2EC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">14</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F1D91A037354635574619B3E39894183" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="8650240946695CBCBD0ADAACD2945287" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">14</td>
|
||
<td id="BB341D31FF81DF77973A7A8B2109C9EC" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Frontal horn not projecting beyond frontal flange (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="21B294890CA1EC36929ADA244F24D522" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3N</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="F2B8E26BC5D76891DDDB8E3824C7C773" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8B904EBA902A9F41BD43D456B77BE0AB" lsidName="C. fatulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="fatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8984F02D22E9DA539755AD63FEE76EF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. fatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="4A5D1A06F9EAAD6D33C7FAD3593317BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<td id="DC60634900A6E762C31F4EA6F7082170" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
<td id="C5CF4F4A17ADCC3C543C05549953C97A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
Frontal horn projects beyond frontal flange (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9DDC487E013535B20298D9ED6546858C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. South American Cryptotermes soldier head capsules A C. dudleyi (arrow: genal horn) B C. havilandi (arrow: genal horn) C C. colombianus D C. contognathus (arrow: frontal horn) E C. chacoensis (arrow: constriction) F C. brevis (arrow: constriction) G C. cubicoceps (arrow: frontal horn) H C. aequacornis (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) I C. pugnus sp. nov. (arrow: postclypeus; bracket: outer span of mandibles) J C. camelus (arrow: frontal flange) K C. verruculosus (arrow: frontal flange) L C. cylindroceps (arrow: lateral margin of vertex) M C. rhicnocephalus (white arrow: vertex concave, grey arrow: frontal flange without elevated rim) N C. fatulus (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn) O C. mangoldi (black arrow: frontal flange with elevated rim; white arrow: frontal horn with elevated rim). A, B, F, H, L, M modified from Scheffrahn and Krecek (1999); C modified from Casalla et al. (2016). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1182.108243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/919192" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">3O</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="98D35136D60E0E593E5AE89A3880DC56" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3436301BA107617DC785FB31E94BCAEF" lsidName="C. mangoldi" pageId="0" pageNumber="11" rank="species" species="mangoldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="74BAF45DB1550C7DDCFE57B5A97353D5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="11">C. mangoldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |