362 lines
40 KiB
XML
362 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="000D861C22BA83847A0A32D7657C587E">Revisions of the clavipes and pruni species groups of the genus Merodon Meigen, 1803 (Diptera, Syrphidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FC3066AF1F11B062EFEF300942C087E7">Vujić, Ante</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="923D5BAF2B299931BEB561F3ED12CA0D">University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0CE9956046BDEF0EEDD8A84F4B972893">Radenković, Snežana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0533C9E4043A438921A43DB57DD7C446">University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D48E538E27D51953B0CEC0459DF92EE4">Likov, Laura</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="282A61DD5485842F7B60D9FFE7110325">University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="73F59BF1F228C9A1A6F8A86E5FA9D0B2">University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C88705CAE4769F636B05458054F2B1EF">I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bohdan Khmelnytsky Street 15, UA- 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine & Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, PO Box. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="6B5C7D706981CA45F32C24BBAE723430">Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, 19395 - 1454, Iran</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="B36C6FE7550856F034FFD2B18BE13DC7">University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E60DE5E53D032EC537C8CDC3AB317FD4">Milosavljević, Marina Janković</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6F691F5503F4DC2838500D6B437F7844">University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B739CEAA8589921EF1203444DF3773BD">Ačanski, Jelena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F80F68DF09741014AFA65AA8433225D1">University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="560DD3B3707338053B50D44796AD4E9B">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EB64CBF78219F95208E6B42F44CD9B1B">1203</mods:number>
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<treatment id="7E37F932033457618539C190D05A0479" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11373356" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11373356" ID-arpha="7E37F932-0334-5761-8539-C190D05A0479" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E37F932033457618539C190D05A0479" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E37F932033457618539C190D05A0479">
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<taxonomicName id="33BB0C11B3FDBB2E5CF9B9D14B481410" authority="(Sack, 1931)" baseAuthorityName="Sack" baseAuthorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrinotatus">
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<emphasis id="04653888D33812C14B6040C4C5A22EB9" italics="true">Merodon quadrinotatus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="1151516D74C7C046F2D440B080CB16AB" author="Sack P" editor="Lindner E" journalOrPublisher="E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 4 (6)" pagination="289-336" refId="B64" refString="Sack P (1931) Syrphidae. In: Lindner E (Ed.) Die Fliegen der palaarktischen Region. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 4 (6), 289 - 336." title="Syrphidae." volumeTitle="Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region." year="1931">Sack, 1931</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2261559C965EEEBCE29CC5C54AB7BEB8">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="8374EDA9D982B799002F36568DC03049">
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<treatmentCitation id="383F3605D29A6E69163A9C2F866AE4E2" author="Sack P" page="324" year="1931">
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<taxonomicName id="3AC4BFF6744418367B14523A2F9D874D" ID-CoL="8CG7C" authority="Sack, 1931: 324" authorityName="Sack" authorityPageNumber="324" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Lampetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrinotata">
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||
<emphasis id="3D2D565CD51756EB8994D8573F18E29D" italics="true">Lampetia quadrinotata</emphasis>
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<comment id="3E2C359E0C551B959D3CA3E2F7EB51F6">
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<bibRefCitation id="234419089A04BE9E6A2D761E21A76E7D" author="Sack P" editor="Lindner E" journalOrPublisher="E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 4 (6)" pagination="289-336" refId="B64" refString="Sack P (1931) Syrphidae. In: Lindner E (Ed.) Die Fliegen der palaarktischen Region. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 4 (6), 289 - 336." title="Syrphidae." volumeTitle="Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region." year="1931">Sack, 1931: 324</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</comment>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EZICI" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="DA125C609392446E1CD18EC4AA521F6D">
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<heading id="79791287366FD46B6AC07E9E6618CC50" reason="title">Type locality.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="88A8F80464498115CAFAB4F821D4FF57">
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“
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<collectingCountry id="C6DA3AEFF9CA3E83F1CD1F08EAB36A71" name="Iraq">Mesopotamia</collectingCountry>
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” (
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<collectingCountry id="03E9AB204EEA7459248C92FDCD3D43BC" name="Iraq">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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according to
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<bibRefCitation id="8633A8761402CCBF7A687D105C702B8E" author="Peck" editor="Soós Á & Papp L" firstAuthor="Peck" journalOrPublisher="8 (Syrphidae - Conopidae). Elsevier Science Publishers & Akadémiai Kiadó, Amsterdam, Budapest" pagination="11-230" refId="B48" refString="Peck LV (1988) Family Syrphidae. In: Soós Á, Papp L (Eds) Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Vol. 8 (Syrphidae — Conopidae). Elsevier Science Publishers & Akadémiai Kiadó, Amsterdam, Budapest, 11–230." title="Family Syrphidae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Vol." year="1988">Peck 1988</bibRefCitation>
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). The original description was based on
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<specimenCount id="A319D099CFA5B545CBC17E6928221071" count="1" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
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(
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<typeStatus id="0F8BCC9D1D13C6FF96EC4FE5EA3E04BF" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
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) (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="0C114D3ADC4B5460689F6EDE33C600BA" author="Sack" editor="Lindner E" firstAuthor="Sack" journalOrPublisher="E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 4 (6)" pagination="289-336" refId="B64" refString="Sack P (1931) Syrphidae. In: Lindner E (Ed.) Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region. E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 4 (6), 289–336." title="Syrphidae." volumeTitle="Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region." year="1931">Sack 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
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||
<typeStatus id="066C7D2E88491E8CC5D0825E51DC8E7C" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
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is considered lost (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B045E75F03FEA38DEFFE3D872B498DA7" author="Hurkmans" firstAuthor="Hurkmans" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pagination="147-234" refId="B25" refString="Hurkmans W (1993) A monograph of Merodon (Diptera: Syrphidae). Part 1. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 136 (2): 147–234." title="A monograph of Merodon (Diptera: Syrphidae). Part 1." volume="136" year="1993">Hurkmans 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DF21FD701FAC154BBEB76294100F6723">
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF1CACA10C4CB6C919B4308D281B47F8" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
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(designated here): female,
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<collectingCountry id="BE56C7E2835BAEF39C1F64C1E7DFCFD4" name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
, (
|
||
<abbrev content-type="institution" id="ABBRID0ENJCI" xlink_title="Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum, Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran">
|
||
<collectionCode id="E570EB9647FD6DFF2E0A79CF3C6E493A">HMIM</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
), [specimen dry pinned]. Original labels: [IRAN-Fars-Meimand / Firouzabad-Tange riz /
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="79EA3848E98E8DCD44496874C4AD20AD" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="28.933332">N 28 56 00</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<quantity id="94973B8A1B009879A434A9525141F944" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.67" unit="m" value="2670.0">2670 m</quantity>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="493EAF5924251BE39A71041894646F93" degrees="052" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="07.6" value="52.83544">E 052 50 07.6</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/ Leg. Gilasian /
|
||
<date id="27C24F66E715CFBACD69BAC86AEFA3D1" value="2006-04-15">15. iv. 2006</date>
|
||
], [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77A2EB85BFC5D6D915EC008ADEFC4221" baseAuthorityName="Sack" baseAuthorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrinotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="039131C4C6C9C0389CBF42F7BC99BF45" italics="true">Merodon quadrinotatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B8D2881D93493BBB262EF622A24C2670" author="Sack P" editor="Lindner E" journalOrPublisher="E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 4 (6)" pagination="289-336" refId="B64" refString="Sack P (1931) Syrphidae. In: Lindner E (Ed.) Die Fliegen der palaarktischen Region. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 4 (6), 289 - 336." title="Syrphidae." volumeTitle="Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region." year="1931">Sack, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) / det. A.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="4F6A3F8632DA64E005E5673DCE6DDB0E" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4555.2.2" author="Vujić A & Radenković S & Likov L & Andrić A & Gilasian E & Barkalov A" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="187-208" refId="B82" refString="Vujic A, Radenkovic S, Likov L, Andric A, Gilasian E, Barkalov A (2019) Two new enigmatic species of the genus Merodon Meigen (Diptera: Syrphidae) from the north-eastern Middle East. Zootaxa 4555 (2): 187 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4555.2. 2" title="Two new enigmatic species of the genus Merodon Meigen (Diptera: Syrphidae) from the north-eastern Middle East." volume="4555" year="2019">Vujić 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], [Loan
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A44D11E4FEFF73A97308444276E7894" DOI="10.1080/00379271.2007.10697527" author="Vujić A & Pérez-Bañón C & Radenković S & Ståhls G & Rojo S & Petanidou T & Šimić S" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Société Entomologique de France" pagination="319-326" refId="B75" refString="Vujic A, Perez-Banon C, Radenkovic S, Stahls G, Rojo S, Petanidou T, Simic S (2007) Two new species of the genus Merodon Meigen 1803 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from the island of Lesvos (Greece), the eastern Mediterranean. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 43 (3): 319 - 326. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00379271.2007. 10697527" title="Two new species of the genus Merodon Meigen 1803 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from the island of Lesvos (Greece), the eastern Mediterranean." volume="43" year="2007">Vujic 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
/ Gilasian 32] [
|
||
<typeStatus id="11B81C6D478E8849337A90BE485AC011" type="neotype">NEOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="701835C53D8802497852EF1616107887" authority="Sack" authorityName="Sack" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrinotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="32AFC33B48FC6CCD6D51FA69E7928620" italics="true">Merodon quadrinotatus</emphasis>
|
||
Sack
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ designated by Vujić A.]. A
|
||
<typeStatus id="2D9EB6B64FC27F9A67252C4D98FCC757" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D56F23B7EB9D412DCA09B1C75CB0F48" authorityName="Sack" authorityYear="1931" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Lampetia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quadrinotata">
|
||
<emphasis id="C276EB0A43F676F36117F32934E358B5" italics="true">Lampetia quadrinotata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here designated to fix and ensure the universal and consistent interpretation of the name. This designation was based on the good condition of the specimen; a well-preserved female with clearly visible characters which are conspecific with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1F6B7FB30C615009BDA6E9BFE309C05C" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. This species possesses a unique character, a pair of tear like white pilose maculae on terga 2 and 3, especially distinct in females (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="349BF6D6E040F842A8B5928B9725AC0F" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A, B M. latens sp. nov. C M. clavipes D M. quadrinotatus E M. vandergooti F M. velox. A, B body of female C – F abdomen of female. A, C – F dorsal view B lateral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057079">6 D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXKCI" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph id="E376CE396B5FE246E51FA5F429C75771">
|
||
<heading id="CC2969AD410A30FE57426FE4BE56E8F2" reason="title">Notes.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E8A0C81DFE6CF59F3D8AEBC2F9B9A7D5">This species was described based on a single female. Here we present the first description for the male.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3KCI" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="15F5157D33FE3505A29661CD8941F5EA">
|
||
<heading id="4ECC166BB8F2B53224EFB1982F5AEE8B" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9967109AE20FDD3DB50DF61CEE72D08B">
|
||
Male similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="388F818CE919FC4EF07491A453A96DC4" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clavipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="190B40D3D9BC94D6C2F122D9B1328337" italics="true">Merodon clavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="F9005C8BB3F93199750610C9C8448999" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Metaleg of male, lateral view A M. clavipes B M. latens sp. nov. C M. vandergooti D M. quadrinotatus E M. rufofemoris sp. nov. F M. velox G M. aenigmaticus sp. nov. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057077">4 A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3E2201F0E99FD3EECCDD5C7D4C34775" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Abdomen of male, dorsal view A M. clavipes B M. latens sp. nov. C M. rufofemoris sp. nov. D M. quadrinotatus E M. vandergooti F M. velox. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057078">5 A</figureCitation>
|
||
) from which differs by the metafemur slightly broad (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFAA7E26C032CCF0FE468D9D00B1CC96" authorityName="Sack" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrinotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E73C46F34D7A551D30C5403C8DA5C526" italics="true">M. quadrinotatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 3.75 ×, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="64B0239D87270FE41ECB097116F6667C" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clavipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="0057EDECD2786661F85514155B3DEA86" italics="true">M. clavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 2 × longer than wide) and less curved basally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="155AE5CE2C63F235C177822A1CCBEFBD" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Metaleg of male, lateral view A M. clavipes B M. latens sp. nov. C M. vandergooti D M. quadrinotatus E M. rufofemoris sp. nov. F M. velox G M. aenigmaticus sp. nov. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057077">4 D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and by tergum 3 with a pair of tear-like, pollinose fasciate maculae separated from lateral margins (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="DA4054230339020CC7226371A1C59F8D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Abdomen of male, dorsal view A M. clavipes B M. latens sp. nov. C M. rufofemoris sp. nov. D M. quadrinotatus E M. vandergooti F M. velox. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057078">5 D</figureCitation>
|
||
) (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26F884AC439E9BEEB2CA0D5809F7E1B8" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1781" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clavipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="3DE74363EDD9C5CDBA98A7761B82DCE9" italics="true">M. clavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tergum 3 with a pair of rectangular pollinose fasciate maculae, ending close to lateral margins). Female with black terga and very characteristic pairs of pollinose, rounded maculae covered with dense whitish pile on terga 3 and 4 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="83A61061E700E662AE113AE02FD51B3F" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A, B M. latens sp. nov. C M. clavipes D M. quadrinotatus E M. vandergooti F M. velox. A, B body of female C – F abdomen of female. A, C – F dorsal view B lateral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057079">6 D</figureCitation>
|
||
); a unique abdominal pattern in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0F04D1C2DCBA5450365ADF62FBA29F86" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FE8460EBA19AD5BE2FAF1A3F563FC811" italics="true">Merodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Male genitalia as in Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2A4FF12A497416B20A629BC92AC1398" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Male genitalia M. quadrinotatus A, B epandrium C hypandrium. A, C lateral view B ventral view. Abbreviations: al-anterior surstylar lobe, c-cercus, dp-dorsal prominence, l-lingula, pl-posterior surstylar lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057113">18</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1E4EE3D704FBECF38992E3704C170F9D" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure18" ID-arpha="BCA85CDB-72DC-5DA5-913C-7EEDC1BF73E9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057113" startId="F18">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A39888DA44F06D599EEC3DC83AEC306">
|
||
<label id="10CA9D4EBC570661A4DBF55CDD128B94">Figure 18.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7B430E3431E631A62D268871BAB449D2">
|
||
Male genitalia
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26B1D54F4079BAE598FA76938134FB96" authorityName="Sack" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrinotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="669F23DE5AF7F3962BE598C8D797EAEB" italics="true">M. quadrinotatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F6CA7FAC1EDFE3483EC6DDF8E85629B8" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
epandrium
|
||
<emphasis id="E2B78CD9DC6F41218D19A4FAA53E887B" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
hypandrium.
|
||
<emphasis id="E9809E9DE9848257DC56C6CA1FD2AA84" bold="true">A, C</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis id="63938DD98C56E244AC012C6B85FE9564" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view. Abbreviations: al-anterior surstylar lobe, c-cercus, dp-dorsal prominence, l-lingula, pl-posterior surstylar lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENOCI" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="AE5CBE8F00F30CAC860D20C87F80D233">
|
||
<heading id="8A31D0E001B9F5265A4AE73F73787643" reason="title">Description.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0D9C9EE3E718D8C5EB2170F9C4034896">
|
||
Male. Head. Basoflagellomere dark-brown (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="981B9888EF140F69BA25F33443D0D4C8" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Basoflagellomere of male, lateral view A M. clavipes B M. latens sp. nov. C M. quadrinotatus D M. rufofemoris sp. nov. E M. vandergooti. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057075">2 C</figureCitation>
|
||
), elongated, ~ 2 × longer than wide, and ~ 1.9 × longer than pedicel, convex dorsally; fossette dorsolateral; arista reddish to brown and thickened at basal third; arista ~ 1.5 × longer than basoflagellomere; face and frons black, with greyish pollinosity; face covered with dense whitish to yellowish pilosity; pile on frons dense, yellowish; oral margin small, black, not pollinose; lunula shining black to brown, bare; eye contiguity ~ 15 facets long; vertical triangle isosceles, brown-black, shiny, except grey pollinose anterior corner, covered with greyish white and black pilosity; ocellar triangle equilateral; occiput with grey-yellow pile, densely covered with grey pollinosity along eyes; eyes covered with short, whitish grey pile.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5DC6CD954CFC5C4693308D9CFC2115AF">
|
||
Thorax. Scutum black with bronze lustre, covered with greyish yellow pile; pilosity between wing bases mostly black; scutum with indistinct pollinose vittae; scutellum covered with whitish pile; posterior margin of scutellum with very long grey-yellow to whitish pilosity, reduced medially (as on Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9423E7EE4588384AF61F099C39036686" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Thorax of male, dorsal view A M. aenigmaticus sp. nov. B M. latens sp. nov. C M. rufofemoris sp. nov. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057076">3 C</figureCitation>
|
||
); posterodorsal part of anterior anepisternum, posterior anepisternum (except anteroventral angle), anterior anepimeron, dorsomedial anepimeron, and posterodorsal and anteroventral parts of katepisternum with long, dense whitish to greyish white pile; wings mostly covered with microtrichia; wing veins yellowish to brown; calypteres whitish; halteres brownish; legs black; metafemur moderate broad, ~ 3.75 × longer than wide, covered with long, whitish pilosity (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F3761B476088C29A3D11B5868DE4C543" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Metaleg of male, lateral view A M. clavipes B M. latens sp. nov. C M. vandergooti D M. quadrinotatus E M. rufofemoris sp. nov. F M. velox G M. aenigmaticus sp. nov. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057077">4 D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BED27C020B9832AE86DD6FFACB2F9487">
|
||
Abdomen. Elongated (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FC93C46271C451A1E856919F1EBDC87F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Abdomen of male, dorsal view A M. clavipes B M. latens sp. nov. C M. rufofemoris sp. nov. D M. quadrinotatus E M. vandergooti F M. velox. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057078">5 D</figureCitation>
|
||
), ~ 1.3 × longer than mesonotum; terga black; terga 3 and 4 with a pair of broad, tear-like, distinct silver-grey pollinose fasciate maculae; pile on tergum 2 and lateral sides of terga 3 and 4 grey-yellow to whitish; terga 3 and 4 medially with short, golden-yellow pile (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="53CE056C2CAE03256379ABD88457C6D3" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Abdomen of male, dorsal view A M. clavipes B M. latens sp. nov. C M. rufofemoris sp. nov. D M. quadrinotatus E M. vandergooti F M. velox. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057078">5 D</figureCitation>
|
||
); sterna black, covered with whitish grey pile; posterior margin of sternum 4 with characteristic posteromedial incision (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="E670FB820DBFE7E9CFB676F9A37742A2" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Sternum 4 of male, dorsal view A M. aenigmaticus sp. nov. B M. clavipes C M. latens sp. nov. D M. quadrinotatus E M. rufofemoris sp. nov. F M. vandergooti G M. velox. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057080">7 D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A2A9B535B1AAAC5A0B112E148AC68C07">
|
||
Male genitalia (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="AFC4815D4229A0EEDD6D0F97ADB8AAFE" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Male genitalia M. quadrinotatus A, B epandrium C hypandrium. A, C lateral view B ventral view. Abbreviations: al-anterior surstylar lobe, c-cercus, dp-dorsal prominence, l-lingula, pl-posterior surstylar lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057113">18</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior surstylar lobe short (~ 1.4 × longer than wide) and rectangular (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="85AC9E9508B4CD94A1D6D39D8E36752E" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Male genitalia M. quadrinotatus A, B epandrium C hypandrium. A, C lateral view B ventral view. Abbreviations: al-anterior surstylar lobe, c-cercus, dp-dorsal prominence, l-lingula, pl-posterior surstylar lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057113">18 A</figureCitation>
|
||
: al); posterior surstylar lobe rectangular, with a dorsal prominence (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5BAC52B4E0E12735AEBA8CF1AD6A890E" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Male genitalia M. quadrinotatus A, B epandrium C hypandrium. A, C lateral view B ventral view. Abbreviations: al-anterior surstylar lobe, c-cercus, dp-dorsal prominence, l-lingula, pl-posterior surstylar lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057113">18 A</figureCitation>
|
||
: dp); cercus rectangular (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A25A6A067B5EBEFC7ACDAA7FBDECAA86" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Male genitalia M. quadrinotatus A, B epandrium C hypandrium. A, C lateral view B ventral view. Abbreviations: al-anterior surstylar lobe, c-cercus, dp-dorsal prominence, l-lingula, pl-posterior surstylar lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057113">18 A</figureCitation>
|
||
: c); hypandrium sickle-shaped, without lateral projections; lingula short, with tapering narrow tip (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2F739090492AB00EE85D7261C0A45B33" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Male genitalia M. quadrinotatus A, B epandrium C hypandrium. A, C lateral view B ventral view. Abbreviations: al-anterior surstylar lobe, c-cercus, dp-dorsal prominence, l-lingula, pl-posterior surstylar lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057113">18 C</figureCitation>
|
||
: l).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9392575109D78111074F6E7F45C9EEEB">
|
||
Female. Similar to the male except for normal sexual dimorphism and the following characteristics: face and frons covered with white pilosity; frons with broad pollinose vittae along eyes and a narrow shiny central stripe; scutum with short erect white pilosity, except for broad fascia of black pile between wing bases; long whitish pilosity on metafemur absent; metafemur covered with short black pilosity and few longer black pile ventrally; terga covered with short black pilosity, except for long white pile on lateral sides of terga 2–4, posterior margin of tergum 4, and pairs of pollinose, rounded maculae covered with dense whitish pile on terga 3 and 4 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B75FC63128FC2FAB6832B576721F48E8" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A, B M. latens sp. nov. C M. clavipes D M. quadrinotatus E M. vandergooti F M. velox. A, B body of female C – F abdomen of female. A, C – F dorsal view B lateral view. Scale bar: 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057079">6 D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELQCI" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D792D6D334733C0DDF354E755F4B7251">
|
||
<heading id="22F5A4F318AE3FC4F1ABCF6BAD598583" reason="title">Distribution and biology.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7956D7740076663E09F4AFD17B0EC44C">
|
||
The range of this species includes
|
||
<collectingCountry id="34EE08F5AF21D9D74F8EEC81BA4B2D4A" name="Turkey">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="368DFC877E33DBD9EAE859ADB3C863F9" name="Iran">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DAA72B1C302E28EEB8FE2C9C716F6B6" name="Iraq">Iraq</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D89AEE22A57602E5336D1B7718E96F8B" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Distribution map of Merodon velox and M. quadrinotatus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057092">19</figureCitation>
|
||
; Suppl. material
|
||
<xref id="F25BFF416730A2CEC1627D93BB993B1C" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S2">2</xref>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5B8A07335C5B99B29A26C00D965822FA" authorityName="Sack" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrinotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4F81212A793A35F658438F16FA9CA18" italics="true">Merodon quadrinotatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been recorded predominantly in Iranian ecoregions, specifically, forest steppe of the Zagros Mountains, Eastern Anatolian montane steppe, and woodlands and forest steppe of Kopet Dag (Kopeh Dagh) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EDC4E6843BF49100C68E1612C3FA529D" DOI="10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.CO;2" author="Olson" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Olson" refId="B44" refString="Olson DM, Dinerstein E, Wikramanayake ED, Burgess ND, Powell GV, Underwood EC, D’amico JA, Itoua I, Strand HE, Morrison JC, Loucks CJ, Allnutt TF, Ricketts TH, Kura Y, Lamoreux JF, Wettengel WW, Hedao P, Kassem KR (2001) Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World: A New Map of Life on Earth A new global map of terrestrial ecoregions provides an innovative tool for conserving biodiversity. Bioscience 51 (11): 933–938. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568 (2001) 051 [0933: TEOTWA] 2.0. CO; 2" year="2001">Olson et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but also in nearby localities within
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5A49F13AF5E701F5F5E302652932611F" name="Iraq">Iraq</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E5A6AF2CFAFFEEF26C5DE29287520BC8" name="Turkey">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The Iranian localities are typified by arid and semi-arid forest ecosystems with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55842EB5E5A586B58961650D59E64786" authority="Lindl." authorityName="Lindl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brantii">
|
||
<emphasis id="E628274C7EBB3E1526C33F0B1C59D3B9" italics="true">Quercus brantii</emphasis>
|
||
Lindl.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the dominant vegetation
|
||
<typeStatus id="3278EFCFE4838381D7AF6F7ED8F23DD4">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, as well as cold and arid semi-steppe scrubland and grasslands (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D44D9705D9BF7A19EA0FFA409743B72" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="4C13DC243AA0179481C41CC3360D7867" italics="true">Astragalus</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AFCF81F9CF307ED8DDA0ACD74BB3A2D4" DOI="10.1007/s10661-020-8145-1" author="Azizi Jalilian" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Azizi Jalilian" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Environmental Monitoring and Assessment" pagination="1-17" refId="B5" refString="Azizi Jalilian M, Shayesteh K, Danehkar A, Salmanmahiny A (2020) A new ecosystem-based land classification of Iran for conservation goals. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 192 (3): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-8145-1" title="A new ecosystem-based land classification of Iran for conservation goals." volume="192" year="2020">Azizi Jalilian et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The preferred environment is sparsely-vegetated open ground in semi-arid regions, with unimproved stony pasturage and open grassy areas within thermophilous forest being typical. Flight period: April / June. Developmental stages: undescribed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="27452C09788BE9BB5F89C730CFFB4DE4" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842.figure19" ID-arpha="34FEB10E-7666-5D04-A2F8-48AE28E94360" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057092" startId="F19">
|
||
<paragraph id="2CE91892FC09B04E55214BC5983A30D0">
|
||
<label id="77D32E719C210C9471883549407CDA36">Figure 19.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AC63C97029EF12705FE25DEAE181791E">
|
||
Distribution map of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FE48BB480209ADC8BCC6ACF275C5CD0A" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1869" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velox">
|
||
<emphasis id="0D0C268C8FF87D60862AB685BF692AF1" italics="true">Merodon velox</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6581E16883B145A40D2846DDB82119A0" authorityName="Sack" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Merodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrinotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ED995CB6AFEC5F833110429DF7B9A335" italics="true">M. quadrinotatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |