706 lines
81 KiB
XML
706 lines
81 KiB
XML
<document id="F2BEAFDD91E54B168054E39B6150BF22" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.275346" ID-GBIF-Dataset="283e6a30-47ad-4b3b-bb25-be5ae1e3814f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="275346" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461132808018" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Catenazzi, Alessandro & Lehr, Edgar" docDate="2009" docId="B21D879AFFD68A7B47EAFE863E214BD8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02304p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2304" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gastrotheca antoniiochoai Catenazzi & Lehr, 2009, new combination" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="4E24FFE2FFD48A7D477DFFB43D3F492E" masterDocTitle="The generic allocation of “ Hyla ” antoniiochoai De la Riva & Chaparro, 2005 (Anura), with description of its advertisement call and ecology" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1698598123024" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="90BD7DF724B3B45C699FA54D82E97BB8">
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<mods:title id="6C4762C4F4EC50B2C73A272D68E505E9">The generic allocation of “ Hyla ” antoniiochoai De la Riva & Chaparro, 2005 (Anura), with description of its advertisement call and ecology</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="509FC6CF09F2FD9FA2E67CDE836233BC" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="01F187080D266F4EC697C67D2C83B6FD">Catenazzi, Alessandro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="39E523FE045D5771C8AA3F93B75E0ACE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BDF6822C1DFF81A3BD586717049844B7">Lehr, Edgar</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C2512BCD0DF6F17835977E1343BA530E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="049C6A4D8D5C8AFE23F6724CA1E82856">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="86F92A37E28B36892A2E7D3919675C61">
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<mods:date id="BA060F230C651DEF1AB03913EB464F2C">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E9975D11834D083321929208B1B97CF7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1BC09ED4B5673CBDA9CBED946C31E18D">2304</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D20642042C2266DC2D27FB3BE614BCC0">61</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="2A3AA457739D328780F67C1F1280B7D6">68</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="74C17D1E598160C1F399974F0CC65612">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E0E4BDE8A9C60F3A56FAA9C797EA1B41" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.275346</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A92A15990983DAFC4F989D50037D0882" type="GBIF-Dataset">283e6a30-47ad-4b3b-bb25-be5ae1e3814f</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="423EE947E61A820AAFDB645DEF9E51C2" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="33690E1C204264E367168C874E276231" type="Zenodo-Dep">275346</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B21D879AFFD68A7B47EAFE863E214BD8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5662727" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119627404" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5662727" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B21D879AFFD68A7B47EAFE863E214BD8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B21D879AFFD68A7B47EAFE863E214BD8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<subSubSection id="72AE6507FFD68A7F47EAFE863DD04841" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD68A7F47EAFE8639014862" blockId="2.[151,1086,306,367]" box="[151,1086,306,332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<heading id="614381E0FFD68A7F47EAFE8639014862" bold="true" box="[151,1086,306,332]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F47EAFE8639014862" bold="true" box="[151,1086,306,332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F47EAFE863CE64862" ID-CoL="6K9V8" box="[151,473,306,332]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F47EAFE863CE64862" bold="true" box="[151,473,306,332]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Gastrotheca antoniiochoai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="13F357E5FFD68A7F469DFE863F8A4862" box="[480,693,306,332]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD68A7F45B8FE863FD64862" box="[709,745,306,332]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">De</collectingCountry>
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la Riva & Chaparro, 2005)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD68A7F47EAFEE13DD04841" blockId="2.[151,1086,306,367]" box="[151,239,341,367]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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(
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<figureCitation id="A28F2A09FFD68A7F47E2FEE13DDC4841" box="[159,227,341,367]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,467,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,467,1765]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Upper row: Live adult male Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27944, SVL 27.0 mm) in lateral (A), and (B) ventral views; middle row: live adult female Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27949, SVL 32.5 mm) in lateral (C), and ventral (D) views; lower row: juvenile Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27947, SVL 13.4 mm) in lateral (E), and ventral (F) views. Photos by A. Catenazzi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275347/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="72AE6507FFD68A7F47EAFE163F824897" box="[151,701,418,441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD68A7F47EAFE163F824897" blockId="2.[151,701,418,441]" box="[151,701,418,441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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“
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<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F47DEFE163DE84897" box="[163,215,418,441]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F47DEFE163DE84897" box="[163,215,418,441]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Hyla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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”
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<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4794FE163C9C4897" authority="De" authorityName="De" box="[233,419,418,441]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4794FE163C424897" box="[233,381,418,441]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">antoniiochoai</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD68A7F46F9FE163C9C4897" box="[388,419,418,441]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">De</collectingCountry>
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</taxonomicName>
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la Riva & Chaparro, 2005
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="72AE6507FFD68A7F47EAFE5C3F124A16" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD68A7F47EAFE5C3FC14B7E" blockId="2.[151,1437,488,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<typeStatus id="E50F882EFFD68A7F47EAFE5C3C324B2C" box="[151,269,488,514]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="holotype">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F47EAFE5C3C324B2C" bold="true" box="[151,269,488,514]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Holotype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectionCode id="5CA5AE49FFD68A7F4660FE5D3C474B2D" box="[285,376,489,515]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/25c9-tsqt" name="Musee d'Histoire Naturelle - La Chaux-de-Fonds" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">MHNC</collectionCode>
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0 0 68, a subadult female from near Quebrada Toqoryuoc, Wayqecha Research Center, Kosñipata Valley, Provincia de Paucartambo, Región Cusco,
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<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD68A7F4401FDA43E894B04" box="[892,950,528,554]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Peru</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="5F80504BFFD68A7F44BEFDA439534B04" box="[963,1132,528,554]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="1" value="-13.189167">13º11’21.0’’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="5F80504BFFD68A7F4304FDA438144B04" box="[1145,1323,528,554]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="1" value="-71.58486">71º35’05.5’’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD68A7F4244FDA438A84B04" box="[1337,1431,528,554]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8449999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="2845.0">2845 m</quantity>
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, obtained on
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<date id="4E0A104CFFD68A7F4655FD823CF34B7E" box="[296,460,566,592]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" value="2003-03-04">4 March 2003</date>
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by Juan Carlos Chaparro.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD68A7F47BBFDE93C884BEA" blockId="2.[151,1437,488,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F47BBFDE93CE44B59" bold="true" box="[198,475,605,631]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Additional specimens.</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="5CA5AE49FFD68A7F4699FDE93F014B59" box="[484,574,605,631]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">MUSM</collectionCode>
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27944–49, from the Wayqecha Research Center, near the Paucartambo– Shintuya road at
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<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD68A7F461EFD303CFE4BB0" box="[355,449,644,670]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="2950.0">2950 m</quantity>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="5F80504BFFD68A7F46B3FD303F4B4BB0" box="[462,628,644,670]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="1" value="-13.1855">13º11’07.8’’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="5F80504BFFD68A7F45FCFD303E0F4BB0" box="[641,816,644,670]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" precision="1" value="-71.58848">71º35’18.5’’W</geoCoordinate>
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, obtained on
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<date id="4E0A104CFFD68A7F44AFFD3039984BB0" box="[978,1191,644,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" value="2009-02-10">10 February 2009</date>
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by A. Catenazzi, A. Machaca and C. Quispe.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD68A7F47B8FD643F124A16" blockId="2.[151,1437,488,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F47B8FD643C814BC4" bold="true" box="[197,446,720,746]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Genus reallocation.</emphasis>
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We assign “
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<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4525FD653FAD4BC4" box="[600,658,721,746]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4525FD653FAD4BC4" box="[600,658,721,746]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Hyla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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”
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<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F45D5FD653E6F4BC4" box="[680,848,721,746]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F45D5FD653E6F4BC4" box="[680,848,721,746]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">antoniiochoai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4488FD6539B64BC4" box="[1013,1161,721,746]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4488FD6539B64BC4" box="[1013,1161,721,746]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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because it shares with species of that genus the presence of a closed brood pouch, overall morphological similarity, and similar structure of the advertisement call.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="72AE6507FFD68A7F47B8FCF139E84E5D" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD68A7F47B8FCF13E2A4C26" blockId="2.[151,1437,488,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F47B8FCF13C7B4A71" bold="true" box="[197,324,837,863]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A small species of
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<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4551FCF13F834A70" box="[556,700,837,862]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4551FCF13F834A70" box="[556,700,837,862]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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characterized by (1) snout-vent length of
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<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD68A7F43D4FCF1382E4A71" box="[1193,1297,837,863]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="26.5">26.5 mm</quantity>
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in males (
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F42F0FCF138A34A70" box="[1421,1436,837,862]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">n</emphasis>
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= 2) and
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<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD68A7F4679FCD83C514AA8" box="[260,366,876,902]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="32.5">32.5 mm</quantity>
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in a single female, tibia length 51.6% of SVL and 108.5% of foot length; (2) interorbital distance about 1.36x larger than width of upper eyelid; (3) skin on dorsum smooth to finely rugose, not coossified with skull, lacking transverse ridges; (4) supraciliary processes absent; (5) heel lacking calcar and tubercles; (6) tympanic annulus smooth; (7) Finger I<II, with discs from 1.1 (Finger I) to 1.6 (Fingers III and IV) wider than digits; (8) fingers unwebbed; (9) webbing extending maximally to point midway between preantepenultimate and antepenultimate subarticular tubercles on Toe IV, to point midway between antepenultimate and penultimate subarticular tubercles on Toe V; (10) in life, dorsum brown to golden tan with dark and green flecks; (11) head markings consisting dorsally of narrow dark flecks along eyelids and laterally of tan stripe extending from nares to posterior end of cilia; (12) pale dorsolateral stripe absent; (13) flanks beige with dark brown flecks; (14) venter gray-brown or beige with minute dark brown spots and diffuse pigmentation; (15) brood pouch paired, lateral.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD68A7F47BBFAA139E84E5D" blockId="2.[151,1437,488,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
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The reallocation of “
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<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F46CAFAA13CCF4C00" box="[439,496,1301,1326]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F46CAFAA13CCF4C00" box="[439,496,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Hyla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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”
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<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4579FAA13F984C00" box="[516,679,1301,1326]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4579FAA13F984C00" box="[516,679,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">antoniiochoai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to
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<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F45B6FAA13E644C00" box="[715,859,1301,1326]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F45B6FAA13E644C00" box="[715,859,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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brings the number of
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<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4326FAA139D44C00" box="[1115,1259,1301,1326]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4326FAA139D44C00" box="[1115,1259,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species known from southern
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<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD68A7F463EFA883C434C78" box="[323,380,1340,1366]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Peru</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD68A7F46FAFA883CE24C78" box="[391,477,1340,1366]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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and northern
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<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD68A7F4502FA883FCB4C78" box="[639,756,1340,1366]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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to fourteen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E254B7DFFD68A7F44F4FA8839844C78" author="Duellman" box="[905,1211,1340,1366]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Kohler, J. (2005) New species of marsupial frog (Hylidae: Hemiphractinae: Gastrotheca) from the Yungas of Bolivia. Journal of Herpetology, 39, 91 - 100." type="journal article" year="2005">Duellman & Köhler 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The most striking features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4660FAD73CDD4C52" box="[285,482,1379,1404]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4660FAD73CDD4C52" box="[285,482,1379,1404]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are its lateral, paired brood pouch, its small size (<
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD68A7F433EFAD639A74C52" box="[1091,1176,1378,1404]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males,
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD68A7F426EFAD638424C52" box="[1299,1405,1378,1404]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="32.5">32.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females) and a bromeliad life style. Paired brood pouches are known in only three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4275FA3D38A34C8C" box="[1288,1436,1417,1442]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4275FA3D38A34C8C" box="[1288,1436,1417,1442]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
besides
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F478AFA043C804CE7" box="[247,447,1456,1481]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F478AFA043C804CE7" box="[247,447,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F46B2FA043E314CE7" box="[463,782,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F46B2FA043F724CE7" box="[463,589,1456,1481]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walkeri">G. walkeri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4527FA043E364CE7" box="[602,777,1456,1481]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsoni">G. williamsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4437FA043ECB4CE7" box="[842,1012,1456,1481]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zeugocystis">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4437FA043ECB4CE7" box="[842,1012,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. zeugocystis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Duellman
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F43F9FA0439FE4CE7" box="[1156,1217,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004, this paper).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F47EAFA633C884CDE" box="[151,439,1495,1520]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F47EAFA633C884CDE" box="[151,439,1495,1520]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Gastrotheca williamsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SVL to
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD68A7F4558FA623F484CDE" box="[549,631,1494,1520]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="54.0">54 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females, based on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E50F882EFFD68A7F44DDFA6239384CDE" box="[928,1031,1494,1520]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and only known specimen) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F42FEFA633DCF4F38" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="walkeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F42FEFA633DCF4F38" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. walkeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SVL
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD68A7F463EFA493CCF4F39" box="[323,496,1533,1559]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="4.7299999999999995" metricValueMin="4.37" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="45.5" valueMax="47.3" valueMin="43.7">43.7–47.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males,
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD68A7F4510FA493E254F39" box="[621,794,1533,1559]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.519999999999999" metricValueMax="7.01" metricValueMin="6.029999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="65.19999999999999" valueMax="70.1" valueMin="60.3">60.3–70.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females), both from northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD68A7F43D9FA49381D4F39" box="[1188,1314,1533,1559]" name="Venezuela" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
, are much larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4661F9903CE14F13" box="[284,478,1572,1597]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4661F9903CE14F13" box="[284,478,1572,1597]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and have a triangular calcar on the heel (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F434CF99039CB4F13" box="[1073,1268,1572,1597]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F434CF99039CB4F13" box="[1073,1268,1572,1597]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4271F9903C054F4A" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4271F9903C054F4A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Gastrotheca antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to the central Peruvian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F447FF9FF3E984F4A" box="[770,935,1611,1636]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zeugocystis">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F447FF9FF3E984F4A" box="[770,935,1611,1636]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. zeugocystis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both species lack interorbital or T-shaped marks on the dorsum, have unwebbed fingers and basal webbing between Toes III and V. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F42FFF9C53C054F9F" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F42FFF9C53C054F9F" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smaller in size than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4537F92C3FCF4F9F" box="[586,752,1688,1713]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zeugocystis">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4537F92C3FCF4F9F" box="[586,752,1688,1713]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. zeugocystis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(32.5 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD68A7F441AF92C3EEF4F9C" box="[871,976,1688,1714]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="37.5">37.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in brooding females and 26.8–27.0 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD68A7F47EAF90A3C3A4FF6" box="[151,261,1726,1752]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.82" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="28.2">28.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in adult males,
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F46B0F90B3CE34FF6" box="[461,476,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">n</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CB2FD05FFD68A7F4682F90A3F544FF6" box="[511,619,1726,1752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CB2FD05FFD68A7F45D4F90A3E364FF6" box="[681,777,1726,1752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F4443F90B39334FF6" box="[830,1036,1727,1752]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4443F90B39334FF6" box="[830,1036,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F4360F90B39134FF6" box="[1053,1068,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">n</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CB2FD05FFD68A7F4332F90A39844FF6" box="[1103,1211,1726,1752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CB2FD05FFD68A7F4384F90A38724FF6" box="[1273,1357,1726,1752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F42FEF90B3C234FD0" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zeugocystis">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F42FEF90B3C234FD0" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. zeugocystis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), has Finger I shorter than Finger II (equal in size in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F44EDF95139094FD0" box="[912,1078,1765,1790]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zeugocystis">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F44EDF95139094FD0" box="[912,1078,1765,1790]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">G. zeugocystis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and a relatively longer shank in proportion to SVL (51.6% vs. 46.9%) and to foot length (108.5% vs. 98.3%). None of the other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD68A7F47EAF8873C184E62" box="[151,295,1843,1868]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F47EAF8873C184E62" box="[151,295,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
known to occur in the Andes of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD68A7F446AF8863E724E62" box="[791,845,1842,1868]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD68A7F44FAF8863EE24E62" box="[903,989,1842,1868]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
has a lateral, paired brood pouch (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E254B7DFFD68A7F47EAF8ED3CFC4E5D" author="Duellman" box="[151,451,1881,1907]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Kohler, J. (2005) New species of marsupial frog (Hylidae: Hemiphractinae: Gastrotheca) from the Yungas of Bolivia. Journal of Herpetology, 39, 91 - 100." type="journal article" year="2005">Duellman & Köhler 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a list and comparison of diagnostic traits among these species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="72AE6507FFD68A7947B8F8CB3C374EAE" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD68A7E47B8F8CB3EA648B4" blockId="2.[151,1437,488,2023]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,152,410]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD68A7F47B8F8CB3C794EB7" bold="true" box="[197,326,1919,1945]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The two males are smaller than the single female. Both males show well-developed, tan nuptial pads. The three juveniles are like the juvenile
|
||
<typeStatus id="E50F882EFFD68A7F446FF8123E484EEE" box="[786,887,1958,1984]" pageId="2" pageNumber="63" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
by having dark bars on the limbs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A28F2A09FFD68A7F4269F812384A4EEE" box="[1300,1397,1958,1984]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,467,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,467,1765]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Upper row: Live adult male Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27944, SVL 27.0 mm) in lateral (A), and (B) ventral views; middle row: live adult female Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27949, SVL 32.5 mm) in lateral (C), and ventral (D) views; lower row: juvenile Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27947, SVL 13.4 mm) in lateral (E), and ventral (F) views. Photos by A. Catenazzi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275347/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="63">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
E). Moreover, in juveniles the tan stripe originating from the nares extends dorsolaterally to the midbody (only to the eyes in adults), and increases in width posterior to the tympanum, with an interruption at the point of arm insertion. In all juveniles the iris is reddish-bronze (bronze in adults) with black reticulations, the canthus rostralis is reddish-bronze, and the throat, chest, and belly are white. In adults all ventral surfaces are homogeneously gray-brown or beige with numerous minute black melanophores. The dorsum in one male (MUSM 27945) is pale beige, whereas the other male (MUSM 27948) has a golden-beige dorsum, and the female (MUSM 27949) has a darker, almost brown, dorsum. All adults have minute dark brown and green flecks from the interorbital region posteriorly to the sacral region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6ECB6604FFD78A7E47EAF94A3FB64E50" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275347/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" targetBox="[151,1435,467,1765]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD78A7E47EAF94A3FB64E50" blockId="3.[151,1436,1790,1918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD78A7E47EAF94A3C254E38" bold="true" box="[151,282,1790,1814]" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Upper row: Live adult male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD78A7E452BF94B3E494E38" box="[598,886,1791,1814]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD78A7E452BF94B3E494E38" box="[598,886,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Gastrotheca antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MUSM 27944, SVL 27.0 mm) in lateral (A), and (B) ventral views; middle row: live adult female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD78A7E45D2F8963EEC4E17" box="[687,979,1826,1849]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD78A7E45D2F8963EEC4E17" box="[687,979,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Gastrotheca antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MUSM 27949, SVL 32.5 mm) in lateral (C), and ventral (D) views; lower row: juvenile
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD78A7E45E9F8F03E8E4E75" box="[660,945,1860,1883]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD78A7E45E9F8F03E8E4E75" box="[660,945,1860,1883]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="64">Gastrotheca antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MUSM 27947, SVL 13.4 mm) in lateral (E), and ventral (F) views. Photos by A. Catenazzi.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="6ECB6604FFD08A7947EAFF233E6649FF" ID-Table-UUID="6ECB6604FFD08A7947EAFF233E6649FF" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6ECB6604FFD08A7947EAFF233E6649FF" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" targetBox="[151,1435,237,1055]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD08A7947EAFF233E6649FF" blockId="4.[151,1435,151,209]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD08A7947EAFF233C374981" bold="true" box="[151,264,151,175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of male, female and juvenile
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD08A79459BFF2C393C4981" box="[742,1027,152,175]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD08A79459BFF2C393C4981" box="[742,1027,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Gastrotheca antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Data for MHNC 0 0 68 (holotype) and MNCN 42013 (paratype) are from De la Riva & Chaparro (2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD08A7947E2FEA438744D31" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<table id="48B4C42CFFD0758247EAFF5938A44D31" box="[151,1435,237,1055]" gridcols="8" gridrows="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFF5938A4485A" box="[151,1435,237,372]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFF593C45485A" box="[151,378,237,372]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Character Sex</th>
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFF593FAD485A" box="[433,658,237,372]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">MHNC MNCN 0 0 68 42013 s u b a d u lt juvenile female</th>
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFF593E20485A" box="[707,799,237,372]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">M U S M 27944 male</th>
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FF593EA5485A" box="[830,922,237,372]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">M U S M 27948 male</th>
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFF59392C485A" box="[951,1043,237,372]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
M U S
|
||
<accessionNumber id="25E7AB6FFFD08A794486FF593EC54809" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/M27949" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="EnaNcbi">M 27949</accessionNumber>
|
||
female
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFF5939B3485A" box="[1072,1164,237,372]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">M U S M 27945 juvenile</th>
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FF59383A485A" box="[1193,1285,237,372]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">M U S M 27946 juvenile</th>
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FF5938A4485A" box="[1321,1435,237,372]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">M U S M 27947 juvenile</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFE3C38A448E7" box="[151,1435,392,457]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFE3C3C4548E7" box="[151,378,392,457]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Snout-vent length Tibia length</th>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFE3C3FAD48E7" box="[433,658,392,457]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">27.8 18.8 15.1 9.7</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFE3C3E2048E7" box="[707,799,392,457]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">27.0 14</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FE3C3EA548E7" box="[830,922,392,457]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">26.8 13.2</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFE3C392C48E7" box="[951,1043,392,457]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">32.5 16.5</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFE3C39B348E7" box="[1072,1164,392,457]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">14.2 7.0</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FE3C383A48E7" box="[1193,1285,392,457]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">14.1 7.0</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FE3C38A448E7" box="[1321,1435,392,457]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">13.4 6.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFE6938A448DA" box="[151,1435,477,500]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFE693C4548DA" box="[151,378,477,500]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Foot length</th>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFE693FAD48DA" box="[433,658,477,500]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">13.3 8.2</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFE693E2048DA" box="[707,799,477,500]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">13.0</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FE693EA548DA" box="[830,922,477,500]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">12.4</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFE69392C48DA" box="[951,1043,477,500]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">17.1</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFE6939B348DA" box="[1072,1164,477,500]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">6.3</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FE69383A48DA" box="[1193,1285,477,500]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">6.0</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FE6938A448DA" box="[1321,1435,477,500]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">5.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFDBC38A44B67" box="[151,1435,520,585]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFDBC3C454B67" box="[151,378,520,585]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Head length Head width</th>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFDBC3FAD4B67" box="[433,658,520,585]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">7.5 5.6 8.9* 6.6*</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFDBC3E204B67" box="[707,799,520,585]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">9.0 9.1</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FDBC3EA54B67" box="[830,922,520,585]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">8.9 8.8</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFDBC392C4B67" box="[951,1043,520,585]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">10.3 11.8</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFDBC39B34B67" box="[1072,1164,520,585]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">5.1 4.6</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FDBC383A4B67" box="[1193,1285,520,585]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">4.8 4.6</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FDBC38A44B67" box="[1321,1435,520,585]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">4.5 4.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFDE938A44B5A" box="[151,1435,605,628]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFDE93C454B5A" box="[151,378,605,628]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Eyelid width</th>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFDE93FAD4B5A" box="[433,658,605,628]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">— —</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFDE93E204B5A" box="[707,799,605,628]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FDE93EA54B5A" box="[830,922,605,628]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2.0</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFDE9392C4B5A" box="[951,1043,605,628]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFDE939B34B5A" box="[1072,1164,605,628]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FDE9383A4B5A" box="[1193,1285,605,628]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FDE938A44B5A" box="[1321,1435,605,628]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFD3C38A44BE7" box="[151,1435,648,713]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFD3C3C454BE7" box="[151,378,648,713]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Interorbital distance Eye diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFD3C3FAD4BE7" box="[433,658,648,713]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2.3 1.8 2.6** 2.0**</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFD3C3E204BE7" box="[707,799,648,713]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">3.2 3.0</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FD3C3EA54BE7" box="[830,922,648,713]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2.9 2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFD3C392C4BE7" box="[951,1043,648,713]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">3.5 3.4</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFD3C39B34BE7" box="[1072,1164,648,713]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.9 1.8</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FD3C383A4BE7" box="[1193,1285,648,713]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.9 1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FD3C38A44BE7" box="[1321,1435,648,713]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.9 1.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFD6938A44BDA" box="[151,1435,733,756]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFD693C454BDA" box="[151,378,733,756]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Internarial distance</th>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFD693FAD4BDA" box="[433,658,733,756]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.8 1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFD693E204BDA" box="[707,799,733,756]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FD693EA54BDA" box="[830,922,733,756]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFD69392C4BDA" box="[951,1043,733,756]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.8</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFD6939B34BDA" box="[1072,1164,733,756]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FD69383A4BDA" box="[1193,1285,733,756]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FD6938A44BDA" box="[1321,1435,733,756]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFCBC38A44A67" box="[151,1435,776,841]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFCBC3C454A67" box="[151,378,776,841]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Eye-nostril Orbit-jaw</th>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFCBC3FAD4A67" box="[433,658,776,841]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2.8 2.2 — —</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFCBC3E204A67" box="[707,799,776,841]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2.5 1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FCBC3EA54A67" box="[830,922,776,841]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2.3 1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFCBC392C4A67" box="[951,1043,776,841]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2.7 1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFCBC39B34A67" box="[1072,1164,776,841]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.5 0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FCBC383A4A67" box="[1193,1285,776,841]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.5 0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FCBC38A44A67" box="[1321,1435,776,841]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.4 0.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFCE938A44A5A" box="[151,1435,861,884]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFCE93C454A5A" box="[151,378,861,884]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Nostril-jaw</th>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFCE93FAD4A5A" box="[433,658,861,884]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">— —</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFCE93E204A5A" box="[707,799,861,884]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FCE93EA54A5A" box="[830,922,861,884]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.8</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFCE9392C4A5A" box="[951,1043,861,884]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFCE939B34A5A" box="[1072,1164,861,884]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FCE9383A4A5A" box="[1193,1285,861,884]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FCE938A44A5A" box="[1321,1435,861,884]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFC3C38A44AE7" box="[151,1435,904,969]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFC3C3C454AE7" box="[151,378,904,969]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Tymp. diameter Thumb length</th>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFC3C3FAD4AE7" box="[433,658,904,969]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.5 0.9 — —</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFC3C3E204AE7" box="[707,799,904,969]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.6 4.2</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FC3C3EA54AE7" box="[830,922,904,969]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.3 3.9</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFC3C392C4AE7" box="[951,1043,904,969]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.6 5.8</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFC3C39B34AE7" box="[1072,1164,904,969]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">0.8 2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FC3C383A4AE7" box="[1193,1285,904,969]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.0 2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FC3C38A44AE7" box="[1321,1435,904,969]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">0.8 2.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFC6938A44ADA" box="[151,1435,989,1012]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFC693C454ADA" box="[151,378,989,1012]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Third finger length</th>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFC693FAD4ADA" box="[433,658,989,1012]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">— —</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFC693E204ADA" box="[707,799,989,1012]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">8.3</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FC693EA54ADA" box="[830,922,989,1012]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">8.0</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFC69392C4ADA" box="[951,1043,989,1012]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">10.1</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFC6939B34ADA" box="[1072,1164,989,1012]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">4.5</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FC69383A4ADA" box="[1193,1285,989,1012]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">4.6</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FC6938A44ADA" box="[1321,1435,989,1012]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">4.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="848434CEFFD0758247EAFBBC38A44D31" box="[151,1435,1032,1055]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="C7555DB2FFD0758247EAFBBC3C454D31" box="[151,378,1032,1055]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Finger III disc width</th>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758246CCFBBC3FAD4D31" box="[433,658,1032,1055]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">— —</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758245BEFBBC3E204D31" box="[707,799,1032,1055]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824443FBBC3EA54D31" box="[830,922,1032,1055]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758244CAFBBC392C4D31" box="[951,1043,1032,1055]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD07582434DFBBC39B34D31" box="[1072,1164,1032,1055]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD0758243D4FBBC383A4D31" box="[1193,1285,1032,1055]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="C7555DB2FFD075824254FBBC38A44D31" box="[1321,1435,1032,1055]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">0.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD08A7947EAFBF63E364D52" blockId="4.[151,815,1090,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
* reported as “head: 8.9 (6.6)” in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD08A794681FBF63F244D77" box="[508,539,1090,1113]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
la Riva & Chaparro 2005 **reported as “eye length” in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD08A7946ABFBD13CCA4D52" box="[470,501,1125,1148]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
la Riva & Chaparro 2005
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD08A7947B8FB1A3DF54CD0" blockId="4.[151,1437,1198,2036]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD08A7947B8FB1A3F874DE6" bold="true" box="[197,696,1198,1224]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Vocalization and notes on reproduction.</emphasis>
|
||
We analyzed the call of male MUSM 27948 (
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD08A7943A4FB1B39D74DE6" box="[1241,1256,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 15 calls, T = 20.0ºC). The advertisement call consisted of a long note 544.8 ± 27.5 ms (range 412–601 ms) in duration with 33.6 ± 1.9 pulses (range 26–38 pulses) and one, two, or three single-pulsed, short secondary notes 21.3 ± 1.8 ms (range 17–22 ms) in duration (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A28F2A09FFD08A794557FA963F4D4C12" box="[554,626,1314,1340]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1338,1362]" captionTargetBox="[178,1431,637,1283]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1432,619,1314]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Spectrogram and oscillogram of the advertisement call of Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27948, SVL 26.0 mm) from the Wayqecha Research Station, Paucartambo, Región Cusco. Recorded on 16 February 2009 at 9 h 30, air temperature 20.0 ºC." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275348/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The average call frequency was 32.2 ± 6.4 calls/minute (range 18– 40 calls/minute) and call length was 603.3 ± 70.3 ms (range 377–674 ms). The long note overall had little frequency modulation, and the fundamental frequency ranged between
|
||
<date id="4E0A104CFFD08A7944A5FAC439634CA4" box="[984,1116,1392,1418]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" value="2544" valueMax="2968">2544–2968</date>
|
||
Hz (median 2915 Hz). The dominant frequency in short notes was 1749–3445 Hz with maximum call energy between 3180 and 3445 Hz (median 3286 Hz). The average interval between long and short notes was 218.0 ± 22.8 ms (range 192–277 ms).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD08A7947B8F9BE3C374EAE" blockId="4.[151,1437,1198,2036]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
A male (MUSM 27948) and a female (MUSM 27949) were found inside the same bromeliad, and this male repeatedly attempted to mate with the female when placed in the same plastic bag after capture. The female contained six eggs ~
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD08A7946A3F9EC3F064F5C" box="[478,569,1624,1650]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter in her lateral brood pouches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A28F2A09FFD08A79435BF9EC39B84F5C" box="[1062,1159,1624,1650]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,467,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,467,1765]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Upper row: Live adult male Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27944, SVL 27.0 mm) in lateral (A), and (B) ventral views; middle row: live adult female Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27949, SVL 32.5 mm) in lateral (C), and ventral (D) views; lower row: juvenile Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27947, SVL 13.4 mm) in lateral (E), and ventral (F) views. Photos by A. Catenazzi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275347/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
C, D). This female was maintained in captivity for several weeks in a bromeliad filled with water, but the eggs slipped out of the pouches and did not complete development. Based on the small number and relatively large diameter of eggs, we suspect this to be a direct-developing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD08A7945FFF9783E2D4FCB" box="[642,786,1740,1765]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD08A7945FFF9783E2D4FCB" box="[642,786,1740,1765]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Direct-developing species usually have fewer than
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CB2FD05FFD08A794203F9783DF24E22" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="egg">40 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD08A7947A9F9463C7A4E22" box="[212,325,1778,1804]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, whereas species that deposit tadpoles in water after they hatch usually have more than
|
||
<specimenCount id="2CB2FD05FFD08A7947ADF8AD3C144E1D" box="[208,299,1817,1843]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="egg">70 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
less than
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD08A7946E3F8AD3CDD4E1D" box="[414,482,1817,1843]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E254B7DFFD08A794500F8AD3E914E1D" author="Duellman" box="[637,942,1817,1843]" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Kohler, J. (2005) New species of marsupial frog (Hylidae: Hemiphractinae: Gastrotheca) from the Yungas of Bolivia. Journal of Herpetology, 39, 91 - 100." type="journal article" year="2005">Duellman & Köhler 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Duellman
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD08A794348F8AD394F4E1C" box="[1077,1136,1817,1842]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2001). This is the second Peruvian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD08A79467BF8F43CA94E77" box="[262,406,1856,1881]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD08A79467BF8F43CA94E77" box="[262,406,1856,1881]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
known to possess paired lateral brood pouches; the other is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD08A79432BF8F43C3B4EAE" authority="Duellman et al. 2004" authorityName="Duellman et al." authorityYear="2004" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zeugocystis">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD08A79432BF8F439C44E77" box="[1110,1275,1856,1881]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">G. zeugocystis</emphasis>
|
||
(Duellman
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD08A7942FAF8F43D8A4EAE" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="72AE6507FFD08A7847B8F8393FAA4B1A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD08A7847B8F8393FAA4B1A" blockId="4.[151,1437,1198,2036]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,152,564]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD08A7947B8F8393F3B4E89" bold="true" box="[197,516,1933,1959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species seems to have a patchy distribution in montane scrub and cloud forests between 2800 and
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD08A7946B5F8003F1A4EE0" box="[456,549,1972,1998]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
. The two
|
||
<typeStatus id="E50F882EFFD08A7945E5F8003FE94EE0" box="[664,726,1972,1998]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">types</typeStatus>
|
||
were collected at 2845 and
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD08A794362F80039444EE0" box="[1055,1147,1972,1998]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8169999999999997" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2817.0">2817 m</quantity>
|
||
, but our specimens were captured in bromeliads
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD08A7946C7F86E3F374EDA" box="[442,520,2010,2036]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 m</quantity>
|
||
above the ground in the cloud forest at
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD08A794484F86E39644EDA" box="[1017,1115,2010,2036]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="2950.0">2950 m</quantity>
|
||
. In addition, we heard the species in cloud forest at
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD18A7846B8FF2C3F20499C" box="[453,543,152,178]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
|
||
along the Ericsson trail connecting Acjanaco with Pillahuata, within Manu National Park, on
|
||
<date id="4E0A104CFFD18A784611FF0A3F0049F6" box="[364,575,190,216]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" value="2009-02-11">11 February 2009</date>
|
||
, and in montane scrub adjacent to our collecting site on
|
||
<date id="4E0A104CFFD18A7843AFFF0A38A849F6" box="[1234,1431,190,216]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" value="2009-02-09">9 February 2009</date>
|
||
. Therefore, this
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A784632FF513CDE49D0" box="[335,481,229,254]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A784632FF513CDE49D0" box="[335,481,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A78446CFF513E9C49D0" box="[785,931,229,254]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="excubitor">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A78446CFF513E9C49D0" box="[785,931,229,254]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">G. excubitor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
throughout its elevational range (albeit
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7842FEFF513C39480B" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="excubitor">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7842FEFF513C39480B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">G. excubitor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
becomes rare below
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD18A784681FEB83F684808" box="[508,599,268,294]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="3200.0">3200 m</quantity>
|
||
), and with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7845AAFEB83E78480B" box="[727,839,268,293]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7845AAFEB83E78480B" box="[727,839,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">G. ochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the lower end of its elevational range (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E254B7DFFD18A78425AFEB83C4A4862" author="Catenazzi" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" refString="Catenazzi, A. & Rodriguez, L. (2001) Diversidad, distribucion y abundancia de anuros en la parte alta de la Reserva de Biosfera del Manu. In: Rodriguez, L. (ed.). El Manu y otras experiencias de investigacion y manejo de bosques neotropicales. Pro-Manu, Cusco (Peru)." type="book" year="2001">Catenazzi & Rodríguez 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Of these two species, the first is primarily found in grassland habitats dominated by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A78421CFE863DF5485C" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Stipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ichu">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A78421CFE863DF5485C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Stipa ichu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7847A6FEED3C29485C" box="[219,278,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">puna</emphasis>
|
||
) and montane scrub, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A784502FEED3FCF485C" box="[639,752,345,370]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A784502FEED3FCF485C" box="[639,752,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">G. ochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits montane scrub and cloud forest. Interestingly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7842FEFEED3DD848B7" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7842FEFEED3DD848B7" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">G. ochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also known to use bromeliads as microhabitats (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E254B7DFFD18A78443DFE34395E48B4" author="Duellman" box="[832,1121,384,410]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Fritts, T. H. (1972) A taxonomic review of the southern Andean marsupial frogs (Hylidae: Gastrotheca). Occasional Papers Museum of Natural History University of Kansas, 9, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1972">Duellman & Fritts 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), although we never found this species in bromeliads at heights comparable to those used by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7844C4FE1339BD48EE" box="[953,1154,423,448]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7844C4FE1339BD48EE" box="[953,1154,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">G. antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other sympatric frogs include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A784786FE793F2148C8" box="[251,542,461,486]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Bryophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hanssaueri">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A784786FE793F2148C8" box="[251,542,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Bryophryne hanssaueri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A78454DFE793FF448C8" box="[560,715,461,486]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Bryophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nubilosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A78454DFE793FF448C8" box="[560,715,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">B. nubilosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7845A1FE793E5A48C8" box="[732,869,461,486]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Centrolene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7845A1FE793E5A48C8" box="[732,869,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Centrolene</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7844DFFE79399F48C8" box="[930,1184,461,486]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyloscirtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7844DFFE79399F48C8" box="[930,1184,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Hyloscirtus armatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7843CCFE7938AB48C8" box="[1201,1428,461,486]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Noblella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7843CCFE7938AB48C8" box="[1201,1428,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Noblella pygmaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7847EAFE403C6E4B23" box="[151,337,500,525]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Oreobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lehri">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7847EAFE403C6E4B23" box="[151,337,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Oreobates lehri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A78461DFE403F964B23" box="[352,681,500,525]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pharangobates">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A78461DFE403F964B23" box="[352,681,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Pristimantis pharangobates</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7845C5FE40393A4B23" box="[696,1029,500,525]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Psychrophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="usurpator">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7845C5FE40393A4B23" box="[696,1029,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Psychrophrynella usurpator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A78433DFE4039F04B23" box="[1088,1231,500,525]" class="Amphibia" family="Ceratophryidae" genus="Telmatobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A78433DFE4039F04B23" box="[1088,1231,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Telmatobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (Catenazzi
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7842FAFE403D8A4B1D" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E254B7DFFD18A784678FDAE3F254B1A" author="Lehr" box="[261,538,538,564]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" refString="Lehr, E. & Catenazzi, A. (2008) A new species of Bryophryne (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from southern Peru. Zootaxa, 1784, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2008">Lehr & Catenazzi 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E254B7DFFD18A78455BFDAE3F4A4B1A" author="Catenazzi" box="[550,629,538,564]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" refString="Lehr, E. & Catenazzi, A. (2009 a) A new species of minute Noblella (Anura: Strabomantidae) from southern Peru: the smallest frog of the Andes. Copeia, 2009, 148 - 156." type="journal article" year="2009" yearSuffix="a">2009a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E254B7DFFD18A784504FDAE3FB64B1A" author="Catenazzi" box="[633,649,538,564]" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" refString="Lehr, E. & Catenazzi, A. (2009 b) Three new species of Bryophryne from southern Peru. South American Journal of Herpetology, 4, 125 - 138." type="journal article" year="2009" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="6ECB6604FFD18A7847EAFA8E3C524CB9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275348/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" targetBox="[178,1431,637,1283]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD18A7847EAFA8E3C524CB9" blockId="5.[151,1436,1338,1431]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7847EAFA8E3C254C7C" bold="true" box="[151,282,1338,1362]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Spectrogram and oscillogram of the advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7844EFFA8F398F4C7C" box="[914,1200,1339,1362]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7844EFFA8F398F4C7C" box="[914,1200,1339,1362]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Gastrotheca antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MUSM 27948, SVL 26.0 mm) from the Wayqecha Research Station, Paucartambo,
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A78444FFAE93E414C5A" box="[818,894,1373,1396]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Región</emphasis>
|
||
Cusco. Recorded on 16 February 2009 at 9h30, air temperature 20.0ºC.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="72AE6507FFD18A7B47B8FA7D3E214BD8" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD18A7847B8FA7D3CD14EF4" blockId="5.[151,1437,1481,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7847B8FA7D3C6D4CCD" bold="true" box="[197,338,1481,1507]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
Immature specimens have limited value for descriptions of species, because the absence of diagnostic characters can lead to supraspecific misallocations.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD18A7844DCFA443EFB4F24" box="[929,964,1520,1546]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
la Riva & Chaparro (2005) cautioned against introducing “taxonomic confusion” when describing “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A784406F9A33E8B4F1E" box="[891,948,1559,1584]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A784406F9A33E8B4F1E" box="[891,948,1559,1584]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Hyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7844B7F9A339504F1E" box="[970,1135,1559,1584]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7844B7F9A339504F1E" box="[970,1135,1559,1584]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; unfortunately, given the number of specimens available to them, they erroneously placed the species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A78433DF98A39464F79" box="[1088,1145,1598,1623]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A78433DF98A39464F79" box="[1088,1145,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Hyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD18A7843F4F98939944F79" box="[1161,1195,1597,1623]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
la Riva & Chaparro (2005) found “immature white ovarian eggs, developed fat bodies, and undeveloped oviducts” in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E50F882EFFD18A784248F9D038A44F50" box="[1333,1435,1636,1662]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and considered the female to be an adult and “probably ready to lay eggs in the following days or weeks”. Because female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A78462BF9063CD94FE5" box="[342,486,1714,1739]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A78462BF9063CD94FE5" box="[342,486,1714,1739]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unmistakable when they reach reproductive age (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="A28F2A09FFD18A7843F9F90639D84FE2" box="[1156,1255,1714,1740]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1790,1814]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,467,1765]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,467,1765]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Upper row: Live adult male Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27944, SVL 27.0 mm) in lateral (A), and (B) ventral views; middle row: live adult female Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27949, SVL 32.5 mm) in lateral (C), and ventral (D) views; lower row: juvenile Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (MUSM 27947, SVL 13.4 mm) in lateral (E), and ventral (F) views. Photos by A. Catenazzi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/275347/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
for a picture of dorsal invagination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7846E3F96C3F5D4FDF" box="[414,610,1752,1777]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7846E3F96C3F5D4FDF" box="[414,610,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">G. antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), we disagree with their assessment of the reproductive status and age of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E50F882EFFD18A78479FF94B3C734E37" box="[226,332,1791,1817]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; we consider the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E50F882EFFD18A78456AF94B3F414E37" box="[535,638,1791,1817]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
to be a subadult female. In support of this conclusion, we found the same color pattern reported in life for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E50F882EFFD18A7845E8F8913FC14E11" box="[661,766,1829,1855]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(white throat and chest and reddish-bronze eyes,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD18A784226F89138414E11" box="[1371,1406,1829,1855]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
la Riva & Chaparro 2005) in all three juvenile specimens studied, but in none of the three adults. The new generic allocation also makes the species less unique with respect to congeners [e.g., vestigial webbing between toes, a character that according to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD18A7845F0F82E3F904E9A" box="[653,687,1946,1972]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
la Riva & Chaparro (2005) made the species distinct from other Peruvian and Bolivian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD18A7846D9F8743CE24EF7" box="[420,477,1984,2009]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Hyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD18A7846D9F8743CE24EF7" box="[420,477,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Hyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD28A7B47B8FF2C3EA34862" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">
|
||
Concerning the reproduction of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD28A7B453CFF2C3E43499F" box="[577,892,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD28A7B453CFF2C3E43499F" box="[577,892,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">Gastrotheca antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the availability of water in bromeliads might not be necessary to complete its reproductive cycle, because females likely carry eggs until froglets hatch and emerge from the dorsal pouch. Direct development also would be in line with previous findings that in cloud forest
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD28A7B4799FEB83C48480B" box="[228,375,268,293]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD28A7B4799FEB83C48480B" box="[228,375,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">Gastrotheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, embryos complete development and hatch into froglets inside the dorsal brood pouch (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E254B7DFFD28A7B4793FE863F184862" author="Duellman" box="[238,551,306,332]" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" refString="Duellman, W. E. & Maness, S. J. (1980) The reproductive behavior of some hylid marsupial frogs. Journal of Herpetology, 14, 213 - 222." type="journal article" year="1980">Duellman & Maness 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E254B7DFFD28A7B454EFE863EB04862" author="Wassersug" box="[563,911,306,332]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" refString="Wassersug, R. J. & Duellman, W. E. (1984) Oral structures and their development in egg-brooding hylid frog embryos and larvae: evolutionary and ecological implications. Journal of Morphology, 182, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1984">Wassersug & Duellman 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD28A7B47B8FEED3FC54B75" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">
|
||
We hypothesize that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD28A7B46BDFEED3E3E485C" box="[448,769,345,370]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antoniiochoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD28A7B46BDFEED3E3E485C" box="[448,769,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">Gastrotheca antoniiochoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD28A7B44DDFEED3975485C" box="[928,1098,345,370]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zeugocystis">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD28A7B44DDFEED3975485C" box="[928,1098,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">G. zeugocystis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because both species share lateral brood pouches and are similar in general appearance and coloration. Both species inhabit cloud forest at similar elevations (around
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD28A7B4690FE123F7748EE" box="[493,584,422,448]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</quantity>
|
||
) and use bromeliads as diurnal refuges. Additional research is needed to establish the relationship between these two species. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="E50F882EFFD28A7B4435FE793E4448C9" box="[840,891,461,487]" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">type</typeStatus>
|
||
localities are separated by
|
||
<quantity id="FD4C9B69FFD28A7B43BCFE79382348C9" box="[1217,1308,461,487]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.24" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" unit="km" value="624.0">624 km</quantity>
|
||
in straight line and by the proposed biogeographic barrier of the deep valley of the Río Apurimac (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5E254B7DFFD28A7B43BEFE403DE84B1A" author="Lehr" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" refString="Lehr, E. & Catenazzi, A. (2008) A new species of Bryophryne (Amphibia: Strabomantidae) from southern Peru. Zootaxa, 1784, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2008">Lehr & Catenazzi 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This barrier seems to have isolated several anuran clades (e.g., strabomatind frogs), but its effect on the distribution of marsupial frog is presently unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A0B368CFFD28A7B47B8FDDC3E214BD8" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,758]" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">
|
||
Although not a new description, this proposed new combination, as well as recent work pointing to past misidentification of species and genera in the Kosñipata valley (e.g.,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD28A7B4363FD3A397C4B86" box="[1054,1091,654,680]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
la Riva
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD28A7B43CFFD3B39CA4B86" box="[1202,1269,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008 for the strabomantid frog
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FDB44D0FFFD28A7B460AFD013FF44BE0" box="[375,715,693,718]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Psychrophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="usurpator">
|
||
<emphasis id="08C0EA9EFFD28A7B460AFD013FF44BE0" box="[375,715,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">Psychrophrynella usurpator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) shows that much work remains to be done to gain a better understanding of anuran diversity in southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="42A3761CFFD28A7B459DFD683E254BD8" box="[736,794,732,758]" name="Peru" pageId="6" pageNumber="67">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |