392 lines
47 KiB
XML
392 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="B34DFFCE2C4B67F428BD5DA909A3BBA3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7710103" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710103" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1678329528814" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian & Grishin, Nick V." docDate="2023" docId="DD62E7662A6F725AFF36C10EFB95FE4E" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2023.0969.1–58.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2023 (969)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Polygonus pardus Zhang & Cong & Grishin 2023, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="215B9F1E2A4B727CFFF6C32BFFE3FFB2" masterDocTitle="Thirteen new species of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) from Texas" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1699461751711" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:mods id="080D7C1DD8F958B81192B13BA0DF07DA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="99E3FF6CCFAB902C8C5A5A4FAC3D6155">
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<mods:title id="ACA9F214D2451D5F980F65E4CB8FB034">Thirteen new species of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) from Texas</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="7F2F79EFD28AB8DE46979D7CD7BA34D7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E941D1DF2AA2C60C756C68FBB35779BD">Zhang, Jing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D8AF033980BE0FC0C1B99DAE9C166878">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="25ED8800BDCFE388FAD609F0754D6BD1">Cong, Qian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CBBEAB311A8B45EB86C2CEDD2094DD15">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B7FC99FD56571E03813AF8572EFE776D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="28A4C361A9F15635FEDA248530B116F1">Grishin, Nick V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4CA9DB6FEB4F7A1247A2B4CF91D3DF7D">Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 9050 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3D315552A02706B291CDF10CC2504109">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A867EE5FB64024A618E39921F98B8ACB">
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<mods:date id="04189130883855A4F760EF4F3DAEF69E">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4ACD0622A453AC18357040CBCE5FD764">2023-01-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="34519CD371F787C66F365495ADDEA427">2023</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4D33CE6899E9E3304B0BE37002DD2172">969</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="F61310EACD637D23505137ECB8707F85">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="16F8986E5B22A6D3F4310EF9E4BBFFD4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7710103</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="466B7637D8DF2720E28D733612C6DA9C" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DD62E7662A6F725AFF36C10EFB95FE4E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710123" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710123" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD62E7662A6F725AFF36C10EFB95FE4E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD62E7662A6F725AFF36C10EFB95FE4E" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">
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<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A6F7258FF36C10EFC5BFDD6" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="557456702A6F7258FF36C10EFD48FDF0" blockId="36.[192,952,549,645]" box="[192,683,549,578]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">
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<heading id="0E3CE11C2A6F7258FF36C10EFD48FDF0" box="[192,683,549,578]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FF36C10EFD48FDF0" bold="true" box="[192,683,549,578]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FF36C10EFDE9FDF0" authority="Grishin" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[192,522,549,578]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FF36C10EFE7DFDF0" bold="true" box="[192,414,549,578]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Polygonus pardus</emphasis>
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Grishin
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7C8C37192A6F7258FDE0C10DFD48FDF0" box="[534,683,549,578]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="557456702A6F7258FF36C162FC5BFDD6" blockId="36.[192,952,549,645]" box="[192,952,585,612]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">
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https://zoobank.org/
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<uuid id="216D6CA52A6F7258FE54C162FC5BFDD6" box="[418,952,585,612]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">5D5511FC-2D68-46F5-AD2E-062F10DD20D4</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A6F7258FF36C141FE35FD37" box="[192,470,618,645]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" type="description">
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<paragraph id="557456702A6F7258FF36C141FE35FD37" blockId="36.[192,952,549,645]" box="[192,470,618,645]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">
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(
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A6F7258FF3EC141FEF6FD37" box="[200,277,618,645]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="36.[193,269,1285,1311]" captionTargetBox="[193,1438,1033,1254]" captionTargetId="figure-411@36.[192,1440,1030,1255]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 31. Trees of Polygonus constructed from protein-coding regions in a) nuclear and b) mitochondrial genomes: P. pardus sp. n. (red), P. punctus (blue), and P. savigny (green). Primary type specimens are labeled in magenta. See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710176/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
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part, 32, 33a, 34)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A6F7259FF36C1BFFAE3FACF" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="557456702A6F7259FF36C1BFFCF7FAE0" blockId="36.[192,1442,660,989]" lastBlockId="37.[191,1440,1194,1362]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FF36C1BFFE08FD1C" bold="true" box="[192,491,660,686]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Definition and diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Phylogenetic analysis of genomic sequences reveals that
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FB86C1BFFEE8FD62" authority="Latreille, [1824]" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1824" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="savigny">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FB86C1BFFAD4FD1C" box="[1136,1335,660,686]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Polygonus savigny</emphasis>
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Latreille, [1824]
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A6F7258FEEFC19DFEA8FD62" box="[281,331,694,720]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
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locality not given, possibly in Southeast
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<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A6F7258FCE7C19DFCB6FD62" box="[785,853,694,720]" name="Brazil" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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) is not monophyletic, and Mexican populations currently assigned to
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FE7CC1F3FE17FD43" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1824" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[394,500,728,753]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="savigny">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FE7CC1F3FE17FD43" box="[394,500,728,753]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">P.savigny</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A6F7258FDF4C1FCFDACFD43" box="[514,591,727,753]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="36.[193,269,1285,1311]" captionTargetBox="[193,1438,1033,1254]" captionTargetId="figure-411@36.[192,1440,1030,1255]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 31. Trees of Polygonus constructed from protein-coding regions in a) nuclear and b) mitochondrial genomes: P. pardus sp. n. (red), P. punctus (blue), and P. savigny (green). Primary type specimens are labeled in magenta. See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710176/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
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red) form a clade sister to
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FC8EC1FCFA43FD43" authority="E. Bell and W. Comstock, 1948" authorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" authorityYear="1948" baseAuthorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[888,1440,727,754]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctus">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FC8EC1FCFBA0FD43" box="[888,1091,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Polygonus punctus</emphasis>
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E. Bell and W. Comstock, 1948
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A6F7258FF3EC1D2FF19FCA1" box="[200,250,761,787]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
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locality
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<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A6F7258FEACC1D2FE34FCA1" box="[346,471,761,787]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">St. Vincent</collectingCountry>
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) (
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A6F7258FE18C1D2FDD8FCA1" box="[494,571,761,787]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="36.[193,269,1285,1311]" captionTargetBox="[193,1438,1033,1254]" captionTargetId="figure-411@36.[192,1440,1030,1255]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 31. Trees of Polygonus constructed from protein-coding regions in a) nuclear and b) mitochondrial genomes: P. pardus sp. n. (red), P. punctus (blue), and P. savigny (green). Primary type specimens are labeled in magenta. See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710176/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
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blue) rather than Brazilian
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FC82C1D1FC3DFCA1" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1824" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[884,990,762,787]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="savigny">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FC82C1D1FC3DFCA1" box="[884,990,762,787]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">P.savigny</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A6F7258FC1BC1D2FBD9FCA1" box="[1005,1082,761,787]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="36.[193,269,1285,1311]" captionTargetBox="[193,1438,1033,1254]" captionTargetId="figure-411@36.[192,1440,1030,1255]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 31. Trees of Polygonus constructed from protein-coding regions in a) nuclear and b) mitochondrial genomes: P. pardus sp. n. (red), P. punctus (blue), and P. savigny (green). Primary type specimens are labeled in magenta. See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710176/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
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green). Therefore, the red clade is not
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FEF1C030FE91FC86" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1824" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[263,370,795,820]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="savigny">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FEF1C030FE91FC86" box="[263,370,795,820]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">P.savigny</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but, because there are no names available for these populations, represents a new taxon closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FEC4C016FE42FCE4" authorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" authorityYear="1948" baseAuthorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[306,417,829,854]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctus">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FEC4C016FE42FCE4" box="[306,417,829,854]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">P. punctus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<subScript id="C94F54352A6F7258FE59C016FE2AFCE4" attach="left" box="[431,457,829,855]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Fst</subScript>
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/
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<subScript id="C94F54352A6F7258FE24C017FDE2FCE4" attach="left" box="[466,513,828,854]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Gmin</subScript>
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statistics for the comparison of the two taxa are 0.22/0.02, but their COI barcodes differ by 0.5% (3 bp), although consistently in all specimens (
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A6F7258FC81C075FC3BFCCA" box="[887,984,862,888]" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="36.[193,269,1285,1311]" captionTargetBox="[193,1438,1033,1254]" captionTargetId="figure-411@36.[192,1440,1030,1255]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 31. Trees of Polygonus constructed from protein-coding regions in a) nuclear and b) mitochondrial genomes: P. pardus sp. n. (red), P. punctus (blue), and P. savigny (green). Primary type specimens are labeled in magenta. See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710176/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Fig. 31b</figureCitation>
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). Due to genetic differentiation, the new taxon is a species. It differs from its closest relative
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<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FCF6C0ABFC8CFC2B" authorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" authorityYear="1948" baseAuthorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[768,879,896,921]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctus">
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<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FCF6C0ABFC8CFC2B" box="[768,879,896,921]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">P. punctus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A6F7258FC88C054FC3FFC2B" box="[894,988,895,921]" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="37.[192,268,444,470]" captionTargetBox="[194,1442,213,415]" captionTargetId="figure-325@37.[194,1442,213,415]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 33. Three species of Polygonus, iNaturalist observations. a) P.pardus sp. n. 21129976 USA: TX, Hidalgo Co., Estero Llano Grande State Park, 16-Nov-2018 © Susan Blayney. b) P. punctus 90418403 Guadeloupe: Terrede-Haut, 15-Jun-2021 © ombeline_sculfort. c) P. savigny 40923980 Brazil: Paraná, Curitiba, 8-Mar-2020 © sergiomessias. Some images are color-corrected and/or rotated. CC BY-NC 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710180/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Fig. 33b</figureCitation>
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) by larger hyaline spots on the forewing (
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A6F7258FF3FC08AFEFAFC09" box="[201,281,929,955]" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="36.[192,268,1900,1926]" captionTargetBox="[196,1436,1435,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-412@36.[192,1440,1431,1871]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 32. Holotype of Polygonus pardus sp. n. dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views, data in text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710178/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A6F7258FED2C08AFEADFC09" box="[292,334,929,955]" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="37.[192,268,444,470]" captionTargetBox="[194,1442,213,415]" captionTargetId="figure-325@37.[194,1442,213,415]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 33. Three species of Polygonus, iNaturalist observations. a) P.pardus sp. n. 21129976 USA: TX, Hidalgo Co., Estero Llano Grande State Park, 16-Nov-2018 © Susan Blayney. b) P. punctus 90418403 Guadeloupe: Terrede-Haut, 15-Jun-2021 © ombeline_sculfort. c) P. savigny 40923980 Brazil: Paraná, Curitiba, 8-Mar-2020 © sergiomessias. Some images are color-corrected and/or rotated. CC BY-NC 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710180/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">33a</figureCitation>
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), in particular, the spot in the cell CuA
|
||
<subScript id="C94F54352A6F7258FCF0C086FCEDFC09" attach="left" box="[774,782,941,955]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">1</subScript>
|
||
-CuA
|
||
<subScript id="C94F54352A6F7258FCBAC086FCB7FC09" attach="left" box="[844,852,941,955]" fontSize="6" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">2</subScript>
|
||
is nearly square, not narrower and rectangular as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FF37C0E8FED3FC6E" authorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" authorityYear="1948" baseAuthorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[193,304,963,988]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FF37C0E8FED3FC6E" box="[193,304,963,988]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">P. punctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Compared to a more distant relative
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FD16C0E8FCA8FC6E" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1824" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[736,843,963,988]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="savigny">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FD16C0E8FCA8FC6E" box="[736,843,963,988]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">P. savigny</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A6F7258FCAFC0E9FC54FC6F" box="[857,951,962,989]" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="37.[192,268,444,470]" captionTargetBox="[194,1442,213,415]" captionTargetId="figure-325@37.[194,1442,213,415]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 33. Three species of Polygonus, iNaturalist observations. a) P.pardus sp. n. 21129976 USA: TX, Hidalgo Co., Estero Llano Grande State Park, 16-Nov-2018 © Susan Blayney. b) P. punctus 90418403 Guadeloupe: Terrede-Haut, 15-Jun-2021 © ombeline_sculfort. c) P. savigny 40923980 Brazil: Paraná, Curitiba, 8-Mar-2020 © sergiomessias. Some images are color-corrected and/or rotated. CC BY-NC 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710180/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Fig. 33c</figureCitation>
|
||
), dorsal hindwing spots are usually defined weaker, not as contrasting against ground color. In male genitalia, the valva is narrower (in lateral view), not broadening towards vinculum and the ampulla is more concave. These phenotypic differences are subtle, and the new species is best diagnosed by DNA. A combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in nuclear genome: aly3507.2.1:C65T,aly3507.2.1:G70A, aly925.11.10:C284G, aly5411.1.24:G60C, and aly490.12.1:A4311C, and COI barcode: T169C, T283C, and T412T(not C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="01B406F82A6F7258FF37C62EFD2BFAD0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710176" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710176/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" startId="36.[193,269,1285,1311]" targetBox="[193,1438,1033,1254]" targetPageId="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A6F7258FF37C62EFD2BFAD0" blockId="36.[192,1440,1284,1379]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FF37C62EFEDBFAAD" bold="true" box="[193,312,1285,1311]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Figure 31.</emphasis>
|
||
Trees of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FE57C62EFDECFAAD" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[417,527,1285,1311]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FE57C62EFDECFAAD" box="[417,527,1285,1311]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Polygonus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
constructed from protein-coding regions in
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FBFCC62FFBC2FAAC" bold="true" box="[1034,1057,1284,1310]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">a)</emphasis>
|
||
nuclear and
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FB43C62FFB2DFAAC" bold="true" box="[1205,1230,1284,1310]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">b)</emphasis>
|
||
mitochondrial genomes:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FEEFC60CFE9CFAF2" authority="Zhang & Cong & Grishin, 2023" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[281,383,1318,1344]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FEEFC60CFE9CFAF2" box="[281,383,1318,1344]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">P. pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FE7CC60CFE29FAF3" bold="true" box="[394,458,1319,1345]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7C8C37192A6F7258FE7CC60CFE29FAF3" box="[394,458,1319,1345]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(red),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FDE1C60CFD6BFAF2" authorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" authorityYear="1948" baseAuthorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[535,648,1319,1344]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FDE1C60CFD6BFAF2" box="[535,648,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">P. punctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(blue), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FCE3C60CFC62FAF2" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1824" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[789,897,1319,1344]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="savigny">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FCE3C60CFC62FAF2" box="[789,897,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">P. savigny</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(green). Primary type specimens are labeled in magenta. See Fig. 1 legend for other notations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="01B406F82A6F7258FF36C447FB1EF835" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710178" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710178" box="[192,1277,1900,1927]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710178/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" startId="36.[192,268,1900,1926]" targetBox="[196,1436,1435,1861]" targetPageId="36">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A6F7258FF36C447FB1EF835" blockId="36.[192,1277,1900,1927]" box="[192,1277,1900,1927]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FF36C447FED6F834" bold="true" box="[192,309,1900,1926]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Figure 32.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6F7258FE31C447FD64F834" authority="Zhang & Cong & Grishin, 2023" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[455,647,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FE31C447FD64F834" box="[455,647,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">Polygonus pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6F7258FD7BC447FD28F834" bold="true" box="[653,715,1900,1926]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7C8C37192A6F7258FD7BC447FD28F834" box="[653,715,1900,1926]" pageId="36" pageNumber="35" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views, data in text.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="01B406F82A6E7259FF36C297FE7AFDEC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710180" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710180/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" startId="37.[192,268,444,470]" targetBox="[194,1442,213,415]" targetPageId="37">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A6E7259FF36C297FE7AFDEC" blockId="37.[192,1441,444,606]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FF36C297FED5FE64" bold="true" box="[192,310,444,470]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">Figure 33.</emphasis>
|
||
Three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6E7259FE0CC296FD84FE65" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[506,615,445,471]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FE0CC296FD84FE65" box="[506,615,445,471]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">Polygonus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, iNaturalist observations.
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FC79C297FC45FE64" bold="true" box="[911,934,444,470]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">a)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6E7259FC5BC296FBF2FE65" authority="Zhang & Cong & Grishin, 2023" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[941,1041,445,471]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FC5BC296FBF2FE65" box="[941,1041,445,471]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">P.pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FBEEC296FBB4FE65" bold="true" box="[1048,1111,445,471]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7C8C37192A6E7259FBEEC296FBB4FE65" box="[1048,1111,445,471]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
21129976 USA: TX, Hidalgo Co., Estero Llano Grande State Park, 16-Nov-2018 © Susan Blayney.
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FC49C2F5FC3BFE4A" bold="true" box="[959,984,478,504]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">b)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6E7259FC28C2F4FBAEFE4A" authorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" authorityYear="1948" baseAuthorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[990,1101,479,504]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FC28C2F4FBAEFE4A" box="[990,1101,479,504]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">P. punctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
90418403 Guadeloupe: Terrede-Haut, 15-Jun-2021 © ombeline_sculfort.
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FD32C2D4FD3AFDAB" bold="true" box="[708,729,511,537]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">c)</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6E7259FD13C12AFCB6FDA8" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1824" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[741,853,513,538]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="savigny">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FD13C12AFCB6FDA8" box="[741,853,513,538]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">P. savigny</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
40923980 Brazil: Paraná, Curitiba, 8-Mar-2020 © sergiomessias. Some images are color-corrected and/or rotated. CC BY-NC 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="01B406F82A6E7259FF34C712FEE4FBC7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710182" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7710182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710182/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" startId="37.[194,270,1081,1107]" targetBox="[193,1420,658,1052]" targetPageId="37">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A6E7259FF34C712FEE4FBC7" blockId="37.[194,1442,1081,1141]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FF34C712FED4FBE1" bold="true" box="[194,311,1081,1107]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">Figure 34.</emphasis>
|
||
Genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6E7259FE3FC712FD6AFBE1" authority="Zhang & Cong & Grishin, 2023" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[457,649,1081,1107]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FE3FC712FD6AFBE1" box="[457,649,1081,1107]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">Polygonus pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FD79C712FD2EFBE1" bold="true" box="[655,717,1081,1107]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7C8C37192A6E7259FD79C712FD2EFBE1" box="[655,717,1081,1107]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype (data in text) in situ, left lateral (left) and dorsal (right) views.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A6E7259FF36C648FAE3FACF" blockId="37.[192,1280,1379,1406]" box="[192,1280,1379,1406]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FF36C648FDADFACF" bold="true" box="[192,590,1379,1405]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Barcode sequence of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A6E7259FE16C648FDAAFACF" box="[480,585,1379,1405]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Sample NVG-14111F12, GenBank OP762109, 658 base pairs:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A6E7259FF36C6A7FD85F9D2" box="[192,1440,1420,1632]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A6E7259FF36C6A7FD85F9D2" blockId="37.[192,1440,1420,1632]" box="[192,1440,1420,1632]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGTATAGTAGGTACATCTCTTAGATTACTAATTCGAACAGAATTAGGAACCCCTGGAT CTTTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTATAATACTATTGTTACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCCATTATAATTG GAGGATTTGGTAATTGATTAGTTCCTCTTATACTTGGAGCTCCTGATATAGCTTTCCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGACTATTA CCCCCTTCTTTAACCCTATTAATTTCAAGAAGAATTGTTGAAAATGGAGCAGGTACAGGTTGAACAGTTTACCCCCCTCTTTCAGCTA ATATTGCTCATCAAGGTTCTTCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTTTCCTTACATTTAGCTGGAATTTCCTCTATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTA TTACTACAATTATTAATATACGAATTAGAAATTTATCTTTTGATCAAATACCTTTATTCGTTTGAGCTGTTGGAATTACAGCTTTATTATT ACTTCTTTCTTTACCTGTATTAGCAGGAGCTATTACTATACTTTTAACAGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCCTTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGG AGGAGATCCTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A6E725AFF36C558FD09FE89" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A6E725AFF36C558FC2CFEA0" blockId="37.[192,1443,1651,1928]" lastBlockId="38.[192,1440,214,274]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FF36C558FE05F93F" bold="true" box="[192,486,1651,1677]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Type material.
|
||
<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A6E7259FE84C558FE02F93F" box="[370,481,1651,1677]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A6E7259FE18C55EFDE0F922" box="[494,515,1653,1680]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
deposited in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="970F98922A6E7259FD3CC55FFCEBF93C" box="[714,776,1652,1678]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
A&M University Insect Collection, College Station,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="970F98922A6E7259FAABC55FFA7DF93C" box="[1373,1438,1652,1678]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A6E7259FF36C5BCFF16F903" box="[192,245,1687,1713]" name="United States of America" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A6E7259FEF5C5BCFEBAF903" box="[259,345,1687,1713]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14193" name="Texas A&amp;M University" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="Herbarium">TAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
), illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A6E7259FE0AC5BCFDAAF903" box="[508,585,1687,1713]" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="36.[192,268,1900,1926]" captionTargetBox="[196,1436,1435,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-412@36.[192,1440,1431,1871]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figure 32. Holotype of Polygonus pardus sp. n. dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views, data in text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710178/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CDF04AF52A6E7259FDA5C5BCFD8DF903" box="[595,622,1687,1713]" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="37.[194,270,1081,1107]" captionTargetBox="[193,1420,658,1052]" captionTargetId="figure-326@37.[192,1440,658,1052]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 34. Genitalia of Polygonus pardus sp. n. holotype (data in text) in situ, left lateral (left) and dorsal (right) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7710182/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">34</figureCitation>
|
||
bears the following six rectangular labels, five white: [
|
||
<collectingRegion id="970F98922A6E7259FB31C5BCFAFCF903" box="[1223,1311,1687,1713]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">TEXAS</collectingRegion>
|
||
: |
|
||
<collectingRegion id="970F98922A6E7259FAC3C5BCFA43F903" box="[1333,1440,1687,1713]" country="Mexico" name="Hidalgo" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">HIDALGO</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A6E7259FF36C591FEC2F966" box="[192,289,1722,1748]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">COUNTY</collectionCode>
|
||
| McAllen, Valle], [coll. |
|
||
<date id="217570B02A6E7259FD95C591FD35F966" box="[611,726,1722,1748]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" value="1972-09-01">1-IX-1972</date>
|
||
| W. W. McGuire], [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6E7259FC2FC591FBAFF966" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[985,1100,1722,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Polygonus</taxonomicName>
|
||
| manueli
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A6E7259FB3DC597FB03F965" box="[1227,1248,1724,1751]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
| Det. 7 | W. W. McGuire], [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6E7259FEA1C5F5FDE4F94A" box="[343,519,1758,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">HESPERIIDAE</taxonomicName>
|
||
, | Pyrginae: |
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6E7259FD50C5F5FC9EF94A" authorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" authorityYear="1948" box="[678,893,1758,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manueli">Polygonus manueli</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6E7259FC63C5F5FBC0F94A" authority="Bell" authorityName="E. Bell and W. Comstock" authorityYear="1948" box="[917,1059,1758,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manueli">manueli Bell</taxonomicName>
|
||
and | W.P. Comstock, 1948 | det.
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A6E7259FF34C429FF34F8AE" box="[194,215,1794,1820]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.O. Kendall |
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A6E7259FE9AC428FE62F8AC" box="[364,385,1795,1822]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
M. & B. No. 10], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-14111F12 | c/o Nick
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A6E7259FB89C429FB71F8AE" box="[1151,1170,1794,1820]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
. Grishin], and one red [
|
||
<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A6E7259FF26C40EFE82F88D" box="[208,353,1829,1855]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A6E7259FE9EC40DFE9EF8F3" box="[360,381,1830,1857]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
|
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6E7259FE64C40EFDE6F88D" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" box="[402,517,1829,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Polygonus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6E7259FDECC40EFD20F88D" authority="Grishin" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[538,707,1829,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus">pardus Grishin</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6E7259FD16C40EFCB9F88D" bold="true" box="[736,858,1829,1855]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A6E7259FD16C40EFCB6F88D" box="[736,853,1829,1855]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A6E7259FC96C40EFC7BF8F3" box="[864,920,1829,1857]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="male">3♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A6E7259FC39C40EFC11F8F3" box="[975,1010,1829,1857]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A6E7259FC09C40EFBB1F88D" box="[1023,1106,1829,1855]" name="Mexico" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A6E7259FBA9C40EFB62F8F3" box="[1119,1153,1829,1857]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
NVG-15116H12
|
||
<collectingRegion id="970F98922A6E7259FABEC40EFA7FF88D" box="[1352,1436,1829,1855]" country="Mexico" name="Sinaloa" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">Sinaloa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A6E7259FF36C462FF08F8D1" box="[192,235,1865,1891]" name="Mexico" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
Hwy 40, near Jct. of Mex 15, 400’,
|
||
<date id="217570B02A6E7259FD92C463FD1AF8D0" box="[612,761,1864,1890]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" value="1967-08-30">30-Aug-1967</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A6E7259FCF5C462FCFBF8D1" box="[771,792,1865,1891]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">R</collectionCode>
|
||
. W.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A6E7259FCB2C463FC7CF8D0" box="[836,927,1864,1890]" name="Netherlands" pageId="37" pageNumber="36">Holland</collectingCountry>
|
||
leg. [
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A6E7259FC2EC462FBC4F8D1" box="[984,1063,1865,1891]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/je3k-bvrg" name="California State University, Chico, Vertebrate Museum" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="University or college">CSUC</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A6E7259FBC0C462FBB9F8D7" box="[1078,1114,1865,1893]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
NVG-5028 Oaxaca, Isthmus, road to San Miguel Chimalapa, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="9233FB952A6E7259FDA4C447FD76F834" box="[594,661,1900,1926]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" unit="ft" value="100.0">100 ft</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="217570B02A6E7259FD56C447FCD6F834" box="[672,821,1900,1926]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" value="1992-08-13">13-Aug-1992</date>
|
||
, J. Kemner leg., genitalia NVG151101-79 [
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A6E7259FAE3C447FA8EF834" box="[1301,1389,1900,1926]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A6E7259FA89C447FA43F83A" box="[1407,1440,1900,1928]" pageId="37" pageNumber="36" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
NVG-5029 Yucatan, Piste,
|
||
<date id="217570B02A6D725AFE1DC3FDFD63FF43" box="[491,640,214,241]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37" value="1962-08-15">15-Aug-1962</date>
|
||
, E. Welling leg., genitalia NVG151101-80 [
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A6D725AFBAAC3FDFB57FF42" box="[1116,1204,214,240]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="38" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
];
|
||
<specimenCount id="43CD9DF92A6D725AFB33C3FDFB04FF40" box="[1221,1255,214,242]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
NVG-15099F01 Chiapas,
|
||
<quantity id="9233FB952A6D725AFED1C3D3FE85FEA3" box="[295,358,247,274]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="38" pageNumber="37" unit="mi" value="10.0">10 mi</quantity>
|
||
NW Bonampak,
|
||
<date id="217570B02A6D725AFDDCC3D3FD51FEA0" box="[554,690,248,274]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37" value="1988-08-01">1-Aug-1988</date>
|
||
, J. Kemner leg. [
|
||
<collectionCode id="33DACEB52A6D725AFC93C3D3FC20FEA0" box="[869,963,248,274]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/daw7-8h44" name="The Cleveland Museum of Natural History" pageId="38" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">CMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A6D725AFF36C209FD09FE89" blockId="38.[192,746,289,316]" box="[192,746,289,316]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6D725AFF36C209FEB8FE89" bold="true" box="[192,347,289,316]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8A70E8D22A6D725AFF36C209FF1AFE8E" box="[192,249,290,316]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A6D725AFE97C209FE7AFE8E" box="[353,409,290,316]" name="United States of America" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="970F98922A6D725AFE55C209FE07FE8E" box="[419,484,290,316]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Hidalgo Co., McAllen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A6D725AFF36C260FDC9FE61" pageId="38" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A6D725AFF36C260FEDEFE1B" blockId="38.[192,1440,331,425]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6D725AFF36C260FEA7FED7" bold="true" box="[192,324,331,357]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
There is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6D725AFE5CC260FDDDFED7" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1790" box="[426,574,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leo">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6D725AFE5CC260FDDDFED7" box="[426,574,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">Polygonus leo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and now there will be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="92CB2DF32A6D725AFCB2C260FBE0FED7" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[836,1027,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Polygonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6D725AFCB2C260FBE0FED7" box="[836,1027,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">Polygonus pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two related species and two parts of the word
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6D725AFEDFC246FE70FE35" box="[297,403,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">leopardus</emphasis>
|
||
. More, its brown-spotted tawny hindwing lives up to the name, which is a masculine noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A6D725AFF36C293FDC9FE61" blockId="38.[192,554,440,467]" box="[192,554,440,467]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6D725AFF36C293FE85FE61" bold="true" box="[192,358,440,467]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">English name.</emphasis>
|
||
Spotted polygon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DD105FB2A6D725AFF36C2C9FB95FE4E" box="[192,1142,482,509]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="557456702A6D725AFF36C2C9FB95FE4E" blockId="38.[192,1142,482,509]" box="[192,1142,482,509]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="67BF8A622A6D725AFF36C2C9FEB8FE4E" bold="true" box="[192,347,482,508]" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
From the Lower Rio Grande Valley in South
|
||
<collectingRegion id="970F98922A6D725AFCA5C2C8FC77FE4F" box="[851,916,483,509]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A6D725AFC68C2C8FC30FE4F" box="[926,979,483,509]" name="United States of America" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2DDC16E02A6D725AFC01C2C8FB91FE4E" box="[1015,1138,482,509]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="38" pageNumber="37">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |