treatments-xml/data/DD/39/CF/DD39CF9B9CD759E9902C363E094209E7.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.45.94938" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2367-5365-45-315" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E5B91E93DB905CFF93FE3F2EDFC544D4" ID-ZooBank="A8BBBDA3D0C048B2B8C469E37531B762" ModsDocID="2367-5365-45-315" checkinTime="1669268527460" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mally, Richard, Aarvik, Leif, Karisch, Timm, Lees, David C. &amp; Malm, Tobias" docDate="2022" docId="DD39CF9B9CD759E9902C363E094209E7" docLanguage="en" docName="NotaLepidopt 45: 315-353" docOrigin="Nota Lepidopterologica 45" docPubDate="2022-11-23" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.45.94938" docTitle="Achyra melanostictalis Pionea 2022, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="E5B91E93DB905CFF93FE3F2EDFC544D4" lastPageNumber="315" masterDocId="E5B91E93DB905CFF93FE3F2EDFC544D4" masterDocTitle="Revision of Afrotropical Udea Guenee in Duponchel, 1845, with description of five new species of the U. ferrugalis (Huebner, 1796) group (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Spilomelinae)" masterLastPageNumber="353" masterPageNumber="315" pageNumber="315" updateTime="1669268829441" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Revision of Afrotropical Udea Guenee in Duponchel, 1845, with description of five new species of the U. ferrugalis (Huebner, 1796) group (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Spilomelinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mally, Richard</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5996-9471</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Forest Protection and Entomology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic; mally @ fld. czu. cz</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mally@fld.czu.cz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Aarvik, Leif</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0112-8837</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; leif. aarvik @ nhm. uio. no</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Karisch, Timm</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Museum fuer Naturkunde und Vorgeschichte, Dessau, Germany; Timm. Karisch @ naturkunde. dessau. de</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Lees, David C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-8560</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Insects Division, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, SW 7 5 BD, London, UK; david. lees @ nhm. ac. uk</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Malm, Tobias</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden; tobias. malm @ nrm. se</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Nota Lepidopterologica</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-11-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number>45</mods:number>
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<mods:start>315</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.45.94938</mods:url>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD39CF9B9CD759E9902C363E094209E7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD39CF9B9CD759E9902C363E094209E7" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">
<taxonomicName LSID="DD39CF9B-9CD7-59E9-902C-363E094209E7" authority="(Hampson in Poulton 1916) (Pionea)" authorityName="Pionea" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Hampson in Poulton" baseAuthorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Achyra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achyra melanostictalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanostictalis" status="comb. nov.">Achyra melanostictalis (Hampson in Poulton 1916) (Pionea)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="315">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="315" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–10" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 10. Adults of Afrotropical Udea species and species removed from Udea. 6. U. nicholsae Mally, sp. nov., a. holotype ♀ (ZSM); b. paratype ♀ (ZSM); 7. U. meruensis Mally, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (NHMO); 8. U. namaquana Karisch &amp; Mally, sp. nov., a) holotype ♂ (SDEI), b) paratype ♀ (SDEI); 9. Achyra melanostictalis (Hampson in Poulton 1916), lectotype ♀ (OUMNH); 10. Lirabotys infuscalis (Zeller, 1852), holotype ♂ (NHRS). Scale bar represents 5 mm, all specimens to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.94938.figures6-10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773285" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Figs 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 11–20" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 11 - 20. Tympanal organs of Afrotropical Udea species and species removed from Udea. 11. U. delineatalis (Walker in Melliss 1875), ♂; 12. U. ferrugalis (Huebner, 1796), ♂; 13. U. hageni Viette, 1952, ♂; 14. U. kirinyaga Mally, sp. nov., ♂; 15. U. momella Mally, sp. nov., ♂; 16. U. nicholsae Mally, sp. nov., ♀; 17. U. meruensis Mally, sp. nov., ♂; 18. U. namaquana Karisch &amp; Mally, sp. nov., ♂; 19. Achyra melanostictalis (Hampson in Poulton 1916), ♀; 20. Lirabotys infuscalis (Zeller, 1852), ♂. Scale bar represents 500 μm, all figures to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.94938.figures11-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773286" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">, 19</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–32" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 28 - 32. Female genitalia of Udea species and species removed from Udea. 28. U. delineatalis; 29. U. ferrugalis; 30. U. nicholsae Mally, sp. nov.; 31. U. namaquana Karisch &amp; Mally, sp. nov., including 7 th abdominal segment; 32. Achyra melanostictalis. Scale bar represents 500 μm, all figures to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.94938.figures28-32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773290" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">, 32</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="315" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mally &amp; Aarvik &amp; Karisch &amp; Lees &amp; Malm" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Mally &amp; Aarvik &amp; Karisch &amp; Lees &amp; Malm" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pionea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionea melanostictalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanostictalis" status="comb. nov.">Pionea melanostictalis</taxonomicName>
Hampson in 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1916.tb02011.x" author="Poulton, EB" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" pagination="91 - 182" refId="B53" refString="Poulton, EB, 1916. On a collection of moths made in Somaliland by Mr. W. Feather with descriptions of new species by Sir G. F. Hampson, L. B. Prout, J. H. Durrant and Dr. Karl Jordan. Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London 1916: 91 - 182, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1916.tb02011.x" title="On a collection of moths made in Somaliland by Mr. W. Feather with descriptions of new species by Sir G. F. Hampson, L. B. Prout, J. H. Durrant and Dr. Karl Jordan." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1916.tb02011.x" volume="1916" year="1916">Poulton 1916</bibRefCitation>
: 175, pl. 2 fig. 46. Type locality: Somalia, Mandheera.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="315" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1908-09-23" collectorName="W. Feather, Mally" country="Somalia" elevation="914" location="Somaliland" municipality="Mandera" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Lectotype">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">
<typeStatus>Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(here designated): 
<collectingCountry name="Somalia">Somalia</collectingCountry>
• 
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD39CF9B9CD759E9902C363E094209E7:66B15E68AAE3BFF4EC3893F1C463D729" country="Somalia" municipality="Mandera" name="Somaliland">Somaliland</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Mandera</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<locationDeviation location="Berbera">SW of Berbera</locationDeviation>
; 
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.14" unit="m" value="914.0">
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.14" unit="m" value="914.0">914 m</quantity>
a. s. l.
</elevation>
; 
<collectingDate value="1908-09-23">23 Sep. 1908</collectingDate>
; 
<collectorName>W. Feather</collectorName>
leg.; &quot;TYPE LEP: No 1212 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pionea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pionea</taxonomicName>
1/2 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mally &amp; Aarvik &amp; Karisch &amp; Lees &amp; Malm" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Mally &amp; Aarvik &amp; Karisch &amp; Lees &amp; Malm" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pionea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionea melanostictalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanostictalis">Pionea melanostictalis</taxonomicName>
Hampson&quot;; 
<collectorName>Mally</collectorName>
genitalia dissection no. 1169; unique specimen identifier LEPI 
<collectingDate value="1212-02-01">1212 1/2</collectingDate>
; OUMNH
</materialsCitation>
. • 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1908-09-27" collectorName="W. Feather &amp; Mally" country="Somalia" elevation="914" location="Somaliland" municipality="Mandera" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Paralectotype">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">
<typeStatus>Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: 
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same data as for lectotype; 
<collectingDate value="1908-09-27">27 Sep. 1908</collectingDate>
; &quot;TYPE LEP: No 1212 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pionea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pionea</taxonomicName>
2/2 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mally &amp; Aarvik &amp; Karisch &amp; Lees &amp; Malm" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Mally &amp; Aarvik &amp; Karisch &amp; Lees &amp; Malm" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Pionea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pionea melanostictalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanostictalis">Pionea melanostictalis</taxonomicName>
Hampson&quot;; unique specimen identifier LEPI 
<collectingDate value="1212-02-02">1212 2/2</collectingDate>
; OUMNH
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="315" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pionea" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Hampson in Poulton" baseAuthorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Achyra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achyra melanostictalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanostictalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Achyra melanostictalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is readily distinguished from African 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Udea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Udea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Udea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by its wing pattern in combination with the dark, uniform hindwings lacking any stigmata. The species is preliminarily placed in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1849" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Achyra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achyra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Achyra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on commonalities in the wing pattern. It is distinguished from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. coelatalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="coelatalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. coelatalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Walker, 1859) and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. arida" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="arida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. arida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maes, 2005 by the clearly different wing pattern; see for example https://lepiforum.org/wiki/page/Achyra_coelatalis for 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. coelatalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="coelatalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. coelatalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<bibRefCitation author="Maes, KVN" journalOrPublisher="Lambillionea" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" pagination="635 - 642" refId="B34" refString="Maes, KVN, 2005. New species and a new combination in the Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae). Lambillionea 105 (4): 635 - 642" title="New species and a new combination in the Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae)." volume="105" year="2005">Maes (2005)</bibRefCitation>
for 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. arida" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="arida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. arida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. With 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. nudalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="nudalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. nudalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hübner">Huebner</normalizedToken>
, 1796), 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. melanostictalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="melanostictalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. melanostictalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares similarities in wing pattern, and in the female genitalia in the attachment location of the appendix bursae. However, the former species is distinguished from the latter in the female genitalia by two short ovate to lanceolate signa, and by the long, coiled ductus bursae. The two species share a rounded structure in the posterior female genitalia; in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. melanostictalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="melanostictalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. melanostictalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, this is the antrum, whereas in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. nudalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="nudalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. nudalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
this structure is located in the posterior ductus bursae, before the colliculum and antrum. The species further resembles certain species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Tegostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tegostoma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Tegostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zeller, 1847 (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Odontiinae">Odontiinae</taxonomicName>
), like 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. comparalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="comparalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">T. comparalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hübner">Huebner</normalizedToken>
, 1796) and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Tegostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tegostoma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Tegostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. ABA4625 in the BOLD database, in wing shape, maculation and the uniformly coloured hindwings without maculation. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pionea" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Hampson in Poulton" baseAuthorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Achyra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achyra melanostictalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanostictalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Achyra melanostictalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be best distinguished from 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. comparalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="comparalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">T. comparalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the female genitalia by the structure of the antrum, and the presence of an appendix bursae as well as a signum (see e.g. Chen and Wang 2013 for illustrations of the female genitalia of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. comparalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="comparalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">T. comparalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The unusual signum (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–32" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 28 - 32. Female genitalia of Udea species and species removed from Udea. 28. U. delineatalis; 29. U. ferrugalis; 30. U. nicholsae Mally, sp. nov.; 31. U. namaquana Karisch &amp; Mally, sp. nov., including 7 th abdominal segment; 32. Achyra melanostictalis. Scale bar represents 500 μm, all figures to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.94938.figures28-32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773290" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">32</figureCitation>
) of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. melanostictalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="melanostictalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. melanostictalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not shared with any other 
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Spilomelinae">Spilomelinae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1890" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pyraustinae">Pyraustinae</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Odontiinae">Odontiinae</taxonomicName>
that we know of, and may therefore act as the most unambiguous character to identify and distinguish this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="315" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Description of adults.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Head</emphasis>
: Light brown; labial palps long, straight anteriad, basal meron cream-coloured, second and third merons brown; maxillary palps brown, long enough to touch each other at apex; haustellum well developed, with cream-coloured scaling at base; frons flat, brown with white lateral margins; complex eyes large, occupying the entire sides of head, hemispherical; ocelli present behind antenna base near compound eye; antennae cream-brown, with white ciliae almost as long as half antennomere diameter. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Thorax</emphasis>
: Dorsum dirty-greyish like wing colour, venter cream-white like basal meron of labial palps. Legs cream-white; midleg outer tibial spur about 2/3 length of inner spur; hindleg proximal pair with long inner spur and outer spur half as long, distal pair with outer spur 2/3 length of inner spur. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Wings</emphasis>
: (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6–10" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 6 - 10. Adults of Afrotropical Udea species and species removed from Udea. 6. U. nicholsae Mally, sp. nov., a. holotype ♀ (ZSM); b. paratype ♀ (ZSM); 7. U. meruensis Mally, sp. nov., holotype ♂ (NHMO); 8. U. namaquana Karisch &amp; Mally, sp. nov., a) holotype ♂ (SDEI), b) paratype ♀ (SDEI); 9. Achyra melanostictalis (Hampson in Poulton 1916), lectotype ♀ (OUMNH); 10. Lirabotys infuscalis (Zeller, 1852), holotype ♂ (NHRS). Scale bar represents 5 mm, all specimens to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.94938.figures6-10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773285" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">9</figureCitation>
) Forewing length of females 7.5 mm. Female with two frenulum bristles. Forewing upper side light brown, costa darker brown; maculation dark brown, fairly clear; antemedial line narrow, from 1/4 of forewing length running in a zigzag line from below costa towards 1/3 of anal margin, in centre with a larger spike towards wing base, and basal of its tip a short streak; proximal discoidal stigma a small oval dot, distal discoidal stigma a short zigzag line spanning breadth of cell; postmedial line narrow, in costal third of its course with a wide amplitude, then fading and turning towards wing base under discoidal stigmata before becoming a more clear, broader line again that turn straight towards anal margin under discoidal stigmata; terminal area with a band of outward-directed brown spikes, retracing the zigzag pattern of postmedial line; termen with dark brown wedge-shaped markings alternating with terminal 
<normalizedToken originalValue="area’s">area's</normalizedToken>
brown spikes; fringe basally narrowly light brown, followed by a narrow, slightly darker brown band, distal half pale brownish. Underside of forewings light brown, framed by slim dark brown costal margin and series of brown dots of termen at end of veins; anal margin with a broad beige area and only interspersed by brown scales; pattern of upper forewing diffusely mirrored on underside, with distal discoidal streak-like stigma being the clearest feature; fringe as on upper side. Hindwings on upper side uniformly brown, with colour as in forewing costa, veins being slightly darker brown; termen a dark brown line; fringe as in forewing. Underside of hindwings basally beige, centre light brown, darker towards termen; centre with a weak discoidal brownish streak; a weak brownish postmedial line stretching across anterior 2/3 of wing; fringe as on upper side. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Dorsum brownish, with posterior edge of segments whitish, venter cream-white. Tympanal organ (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 11–20" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 11 - 20. Tympanal organs of Afrotropical Udea species and species removed from Udea. 11. U. delineatalis (Walker in Melliss 1875), ♂; 12. U. ferrugalis (Huebner, 1796), ♂; 13. U. hageni Viette, 1952, ♂; 14. U. kirinyaga Mally, sp. nov., ♂; 15. U. momella Mally, sp. nov., ♂; 16. U. nicholsae Mally, sp. nov., ♀; 17. U. meruensis Mally, sp. nov., ♂; 18. U. namaquana Karisch &amp; Mally, sp. nov., ♂; 19. Achyra melanostictalis (Hampson in Poulton 1916), ♀; 20. Lirabotys infuscalis (Zeller, 1852), ♂. Scale bar represents 500 μm, all figures to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.94938.figures11-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773286" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">19</figureCitation>
) with bullae tympanicae almost spherical; fornix tympani recessed within tympanic frame; lobulus absent; venulae secundae strongly developed, slightly diverging posteriad. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Male genitalia</emphasis>
: Unknown. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Female genitalia</emphasis>
: (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–32" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 28 - 32. Female genitalia of Udea species and species removed from Udea. 28. U. delineatalis; 29. U. ferrugalis; 30. U. nicholsae Mally, sp. nov.; 31. U. namaquana Karisch &amp; Mally, sp. nov., including 7 th abdominal segment; 32. Achyra melanostictalis. Scale bar represents 500 μm, all figures to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.94938.figures28-32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773290" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">32</figureCitation>
) Papillae anales membranous, densely studded with relatively short chaetae; apophyses posteriores more or less straight, strongly sclerotised, about as long as apophyses anteriores; apophyses anteriores week and rather short; antrum large, posterior part consisting of two large lateral plates (opened up dorsally in Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 28–32" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 28 - 32. Female genitalia of Udea species and species removed from Udea. 28. U. delineatalis; 29. U. ferrugalis; 30. U. nicholsae Mally, sp. nov.; 31. U. namaquana Karisch &amp; Mally, sp. nov., including 7 th abdominal segment; 32. Achyra melanostictalis. Scale bar represents 500 μm, all figures to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.45.94938.figures28-32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/773290" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">32</figureCitation>
) meeting at a folded ventral recess, anterior part a large circular sclerotised structure; without discernible colliculum; ductus bursae short (about half as long as corpus bursae), relatively broad, membranous, somewhat widened in middle setion; ductus seminalis small, membranous, attached at posterior ductus bursae; corpus bursae large, ovoid, membranous; complex signum running obliquely through anterior corpus bursae: signum more than twice as long as broad, central section consisting of a narrow ridge, crossed at centre by transverse narrow ridge ending in slender lobes, apices of signum each consisting of a broad semi-circular to ovoid area studded with spike-like teeth; membranous appendix bursae emerging from right side of posterior corpus bursae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="315" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">
So far only known from the type locality Mandheera (
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="54.64" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="9.910666">9°54.64'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="44" direction="east" minutes="42.79" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="44.713165">44°42.79'E</geoCoordinate>
) in the southern Sahil region of Somaliland, Somalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="315" type="genetic data">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Genetic data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Not available.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="315" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="315">
The species is placed in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1849" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Achyra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achyra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Achyra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on a personal communication with Koen Maes, who suggested this genus based on the observation of African 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1849" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Achyra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achyra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Achyra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with similar wing maculation (pers. comm. K. Maes 11/2021). Further arguments for this generic placement are the shape of the venulae secundae and the lateral attachment of the appendix bursae to the corpus bursae, both as in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. arida" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="arida">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. arida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maes, 2005. On the other hand, the female genitalia posterior of the corpus bursae, with the short, uncoiled ductus bursae and the large antrum, does not correspond to the general morphology of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1849" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Achyra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achyra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Achyra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The wing maculation of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. melanostictalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="melanostictalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. melanostictalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
furthermore resembles some species of the 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Odontiinae">Odontiinae</taxonomicName>
genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Tegostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tegostoma" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Tegostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the female genitalia share no resemblance. In fact, the signum in the corpus bursae is quite outstanding in its structure and to our knowledge unprecedented among 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1890" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pyraustinae">Pyraustinae</taxonomicName>
, adding to the difficulty of placing this species to genus. The appendix bursae attaching laterally to the corpus bursae is a feature of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1890" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="tribe" tribe="Pyraustini">Pyraustini</taxonomicName>
(character 114:0 in 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.26049/ASP77-1" author="Mally, R" journalOrPublisher="Arthropod Systematics &amp; Phylogeny" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" pagination="141 - 204" refId="B39" refString="Mally, R, Hayden, JE, Neinhuis, C, Jordal, BH, Nuss, M, 2019. The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology. Arthropod Systematics &amp; Phylogeny 77 (1): 141 - 204, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26049/ASP77-1" title="The phylogenetic systematics of Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) inferred from DNA and morphology." url="https://doi.org/10.26049/ASP77-1" volume="77" year="2019">Mally et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
). We hope that by illustrating the imago and the available genitalia here, someone might recognise its similarity to (and potential relationship with) another Afrotropical species. With the transfer of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. melanostictalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" rank="species" species="melanostictalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">A. melanostictalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1849" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Achyra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Achyra" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="315">Achyra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
now comprises 20 species, with four of them present in the Afrotropical region (
<bibRefCitation author="Nuss, M" journalOrPublisher="In: Huemer P, Karsholt O (Eds) Microlepidoptera of Europe 4. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 127 - 180, 184 - 185, 194 - 201, 225 - 238" pageId="0" pageNumber="315" publicationUrl="http://www.pyraloidea.org" refId="B50" refString="Nuss, M, Landry, B, Mally, R, Vegliante, F, Traenkner, A, Bauer, F, Hayden, J, Segerer, A, Schouten, R, Li, H, Trofimova, T, Solis, MA, De Prins, J, Speidel, W, 2003-2022. Global Information System on Pyraloidea. http://www.pyraloidea.org" title="Global Information System on Pyraloidea." url="http://www.pyraloidea.org" year="2003 - 2022">Nuss et al. 2003-2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>