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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="9487" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7345e6b-fa55-474e-9b6e-d6b185121541" ID-PMC="PMC7718216" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-168-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" ID-PubMed="33335445" ModsDocID="1314-2003-168-1" checkinTime="1606572050664" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dean, Ellen, Poore, Jennifer, Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio, Nee, Michael H., Kang, Hannah, Starbuck, Thomas, Rodrigues, Annamarie &amp; Conner, Matthew" docDate="2020" docId="41B23F849F8070D50279E4597A075F83" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 168: 1-333" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 168" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" docTitle="Lycianthes quichensis (J. M. Coult. &amp; Donn. Sm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 428. 1919" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" masterDocTitle="The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala" masterLastPageNumber="333" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732941180293" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="11F727EABDCF1B9C951D5BA30CD3DD19">The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="189445EAD22AAE1E0E46835DE4CDDE74">Dean, Ellen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A0B0586E0CB4A8BE4F4BF093BD3A8686">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A8619F1DC69E0DB79C9BE152EEA3BFA4">Poore, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4FA3AC269F75BE021BA44DC77E6DDA74">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E5E5DA72ECB92226BEFA748C5DD821D9">Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="06F0901C9B4A77225AB1741DD8DE96A4">Laboratorio Nacional de Identificacion y Caracterizacion Vegetal (LaniVeg), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramon Padilla Sanchez 2100, 45110 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4C2CEEE90D171069C3B67BCCA139680F" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4071-8108</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="19323EB06C239D05D58942E525620324">Nee, Michael H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0F39B7FACCC7A784AD2362B77A4D05F2">26776 US Hwy 14, Richland Center, WI 53581, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F9FA04C76E836D84F25BF5704369874F">Kang, Hannah</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="36D59FF3F369A385955AE7C318DDC596">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="087A43AFF4ADA178FA1F577DCF609722">Starbuck, Thomas</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5FEE98068A1DAEDC644FF83674A06DA6">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2EFF3D7A6F03026B8B9E8CE756683AB0">Rodrigues, Annamarie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E07AD4B0AA532A22FC6D42C56FB02DB0">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DC57EDA9007A919B28BE8E92D1768254">Conner, Matthew</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="362FC7F084C00888E37705CE7EE717AE">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="D3A52632BCCA3EABC1B8116357DC50E5">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8836DF8A3376AC3934EBD64F7167DF7F">168</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="929E3C28C822658A136395912C3CD13D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E53793C2323BA6EDB68975442ED37498" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="281115E1D13D124A29073F6F3729B80D" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-168-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="41B23F849F8070D50279E4597A075F83" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170596548" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:41B23F849F8070D50279E4597A075F83" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/41B23F849F8070D50279E4597A075F83" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Solanaceae">
<subSubSection id="1832AC07C8E38A3C9290427C1BF30246" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E1E534DB79B029977A16BDC8B37C86FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
38
<taxonomicName id="D151F93427B4CC27653FB4FA245DF8BC" ID-CoL="3WK8C" authority="(J. M. Coult. &amp; Donn. Sm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 428. 1919" authorityName="(J. M. Coult. &amp; Donn. Sm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 428." authorityYear="1919" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes quichensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quichensis">Lycianthes quichensis (J.M.Coult. &amp; Donn.Sm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 428. 1919</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="E89A83A62FD8C12E41733E324E7801C1" captionStart="Figure 86" captionStartId="F86" captionText="Figure 86. Image of herbarium specimen of L. quichensis, Breedlove 40387 (NY). Specimen used with permission from the William and Lynda Steere Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure86" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480100" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5549500B3C17AB2355B01802C4BCF18E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9012AA29535D504C214C8854FA267242" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E8277BFD43B378991440D06899ABEFCB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum quichense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quichense">Solanum quichense</taxonomicName>
J.M.Coult. &amp; Donn.Sm., Bot. Gaz. 37: 422. 1904. Type: Guatemala.
<normalizedToken id="647914DA3E27392C7A2E0B8C1AE8C7AC" originalValue="Quiché">Quiche</normalizedToken>
: Chiul, Apr 1892,
<emphasis id="6C45C2781159DB6CDB9D0487CF5AFFD2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. T. Heyde &amp; E. Lux 3450</emphasis>
(holotype: F [0073142F, acc. # 264727]; isotypes: G [G00379126], GH [GH00077532], M [M-0171931], NY [00139026], US [00624010], US [00027769].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A39B265ACC9F23613970B4E19561061" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="4671D82F97BE3C248A188211D9292D07" authorityName="Standl" authorityYear="1940" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes obliquifolia" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obliquifolia">Lycianthes obliquifolia</taxonomicName>
Standl., Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22: 101. 1940. Type:
<normalizedToken id="3035DCFBE8118FC72DFCF87989A5134C" originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
. Chiapas:
<normalizedToken id="2A2E25FB50FE4E9B16856329B1CE708B" originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="D751D2F5571D9082C445EAAC06FAA37C" originalValue="Tacaná">Tacana</normalizedToken>
, 30 Mar 1939,
<emphasis id="C4466B98C32E0851C59C2CC1B9DA4681" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Matuda 2938</emphasis>
(holotype: F [0072919F, acc. # 980247]; isotypes: A [00077523], MEXU [MEXU00082111], MICH [1109852], NY [00138706]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3B6B3E98F48173D5CDFA6FCB178C819F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="47117B2E257CBB08B12D9F134F74B160" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7C1DA6EBB4475D9538D057FCC9B1E521" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Based on
<taxonomicName id="AE05BFC76049661CC1168BDE22082784" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum quichense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quichense">
<emphasis id="DA9B4E90227CBDE7715899AB8E768D6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum quichense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Coult. &amp; Donn.Sm.
</paragraph>
<caption id="58C0BFD1F5B39E0258CE45FA604323FE" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure86" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480100" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 86" startId="F86">
<paragraph id="FBDE28988A0786F7CB3D916D13109EC8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="3580BA48D038E8A00E7F581911F33BE4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 86.</emphasis>
Image of herbarium specimen of
<taxonomicName id="7BABBCE06A081F5F7F5F248E22031591" lsidName="L. quichensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="quichensis">
<emphasis id="DCCBFC5ED35C4A5CE9247A706D045D60" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. quichensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="04897DF3209675D19525A95A25245F48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Breedlove 40387</emphasis>
(NY). Specimen used with permission from the William and Lynda Steere Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="622BC5104DC57AC460AC6C7496E93A2E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="A8F413D411EBF375B6EF1AF1C6449DBA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F92DDDC895C1BA3577F5E3F9A6331D99" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Shrub, 1-5 m tall. Indument of white to pale yellow, uniseriate, multicellular, simple, acute, eglandular, appressed to spreading trichomes 0.1-1 mm long, the larger trichomes becoming flattened upon drying. Stems green when young, sparsely to densely pubescent, not much compressed upon drying in a plant press, brown and woody with age; upper sympodial branching points mostly monochasial, some dichasial. Leaves simple, the leaves of the upper sympodia usually paired and unequal in size, the larger ones with blades 4-15 (25)
<normalizedToken id="4E2C553765CBA44B65C76913A8752C0C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.5-9 (14) cm, ovate to elliptic (sometimes very widely so), rarely lanceolate, the smaller ones with blades 1.5-9
<normalizedToken id="F43E9F0672B5088502729396443D0C52" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-5 cm, ovate, the blades of both the large and small leaves chartaceous, sparsely to moderately pubescent, denser along the veins and in the abaxial leaf axils, the base cuneate to truncate or rounded, sometimes oblique, the margin entire, usually undulate, the apex acute to acuminate, the petiole to 4 (6) cm long, sometimes absent, the larger leaf blades with 4-7 primary veins on each side of the midvein. Flowers solitary or in groups of 2, axillary, oriented horizontally; peduncles absent; pedicels 20-60 mm long, erect to arching in flower, to 70 mm long (probably longer), deflexed and arching in fruit, sparsely to densely pubescent; calyx 3-4 mm long, 3.5-6 mm in diameter, campanulate, often purplish in color, sparsely to densely pubescent, the margin truncate, with 10 spreading, linear-subulate appendages 3-6 mm long emerging 0.5 mm below the calyx rim; fruiting calyx enlarged, widely bowl-shaped, 2-5 mm long, 7-13 mm in diameter, the appendages not greatly enlarging; corolla 1.2-3 cm long, campanulate to rotate in orientation, entire to shallowly stellate in outline, with abundant interpetalar tissue, adaxially light purple with darker purple ring near the base and green markings at very base, glabrous, abaxially light purple, sometimes paler or white on the lobes, sparsely to densely pubescent with small trichomes near the veins; stamens equal, straight, the filaments 1.5-2 mm long, glabrous, the anthers 5-6 mm long, lanceolate, free of one another, purple, glabrous, poricidal at the tips, the pores ovate, dehiscing toward the style, not opening into longitudinal slits; pistil with glabrous ovary, the style 10-12 mm long, linear, glabrous, the stigma capitate. Fruit a berry, 9-17 mm long, 7-15 mm in diameter, usually ovoid (round), red at maturity (drying dark purple on herbarium sheets), glabrous, lacking sclerotic granules. Seeds 20-40 per fruit, 2.5-3
<normalizedToken id="4B8FA3C1EE48DB7B759CCA8E0435B3E9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-2.5 mm, compressed but not flat, ridged on one side or near the center, irregular in outline (shallowly crescent-shaped, triangular, or semi-circular), orange-brown, the surface reticulum with a serpentine to honeycomb pattern with deep luminae, appearing pitted, with fibrils protruding from the cell walls.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="140C2178798754723CDED520741AC5D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
<paragraph id="50AFA2D6A2BE4D71BD27840D1E5FF768" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B488A742531A726EDDDF1E49026753F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F55BE07B8AD1514AA5427A62B24531E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="2F1CA25500EEB914A29B2CD928AC743C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB4A427C5CD3AE375724C189B2D9786D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Mexico (Chiapas) and Guatemala (Chimaltenango, Huehuetenango, Quetzaltenango,
<normalizedToken id="29BCB166371FA6B5BA86D48325D9CBE4" originalValue="Quiché">Quiche</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="FACC9FDEAB4237A2B749B3B3DC01CD0D" originalValue="Sacatepéquez">Sacatepequez</normalizedToken>
, San Marcos,
<normalizedToken id="E3644A8D25790959B9EA81C7C17A0082" originalValue="Sololá">Solola</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="AF31090E90159D7F480B41B47281C8E8" originalValue="Totonicapán">Totonicapan</normalizedToken>
), tropical moist forests or thickets in cloud forest and oak-pine forest with
<taxonomicName id="0171F2E0468FCFC181599F4ADF8D1EC8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Chiranthodendron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chiranthodendron" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="902A39E27CDF0BFFB26579F79D15C764" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chiranthodendron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="AC0F3E9D904BEAEA9785D04088C137AE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Symplocaceae" genus="Symplocos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Symplocos" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F76BAE78F77251528380B1084661EFD4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Symplocos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9F79D40053C0DC4DECD9504C196B079F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Winteraceae" genus="Drimys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Drimys" order="Canellales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CB057E750AB33813FDDA32DA32ECF54B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Drimys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="13871B40F4E6CE61836974F8F6FF8478" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clethraceae" genus="Clethra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clethra" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DC93F2F6D089DECB533F76224AC6BC33" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Clethra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(in Guatemala often in
<taxonomicName id="C4F2E3575ED9F645A396FDAD102C1012" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cupressus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cupressus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F344BC7974021F9695BDD55048BF9836" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cupressus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="3A9C43967F8CDA8F807AFB9FD83A15A8" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9E5960A9127D9CC7E432FA89CB82548A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Abies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forests), 2200-3900 m in elevation (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2F3CC1FC55C1B3653863A42F0A6915EC" captionStart="Figure 87" captionStartId="F87" captionText="Figure 87. Map of geographic distribution of L. quichensis based on herbarium specimen data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480101" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">87</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="23BB5A9B2122D34E690DC41809DB9531" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480101" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 87" startId="F87">
<paragraph id="A92FA70E193D24C8574CE077368960D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="D53B33F4894422A59495DB160715E2DF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 87.</emphasis>
Map of geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName id="A22C45ABF19F906ADB0D6A7961983AD6" lsidName="L. quichensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="quichensis">
<emphasis id="54ECC75067AB3D70496D8B82FB1CB783" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. quichensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on herbarium specimen data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3EFF5100EF81688E738F1C3D734FDEA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
<paragraph id="F189CEFAB4CC90F2C64A30ECD1F28CC9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C36F67A520E0F55DE67AE07291B04E8C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Guatemala. Chilete, choshel, coxel, flor de rosa, quilete, tomatillo blanco (
<bibRefCitation id="634E0DCE96707DA0A774EB7E1C1C3A73" author="Gentry, Jr JL" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B56" refString="Gentry, Jr JL, Standley, PC, 1974. Flora of Guatemala. Fieldiana: Botany 24 (part 10) no. 1-2. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago." title="Flora of Guatemala. Fieldiana: Botany 24 (part 10) no. 1 - 2. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago." year="1974">Gentry and Standley 1974</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="610238EB75E838183C819F54BC668E3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="931258A3379ECD3BE1FAF8FF94FDF554" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7071503E3BCB378CA508CDD4534ECA6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering specimens and specimens with mature fruits have been collected during most months of the year. Many herbarium specimens of this species have flowers with open corollas, indicating that the flowers must stay open until at least noon, if not after.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F273C9D178A631160175B428A692758B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph id="740D9932125D09D4C252137456052E1E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CCC09706F3CDE49AAF6CB75F5208169B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2957C8CB60B15EB82E903863E7C5D124" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes quichensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quichensis">
<emphasis id="96C7548AB21CAA7D16C67D4942F8DDFD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes quichensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a rare species of Mexico and Guatemala, represented by 38 collections and occurring in seven protected areas. The EOO is 22,627.703 km2, and the AOO is 148 km2. Based on the
<bibRefCitation id="50D6ED71C71FAE739603215E60E6397E" author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" refId="B67" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019. http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019." url="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
criteria, the preliminary assessment category is Endangered (EN).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1485E71B373229A98838D25EC8B3C567" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="007BF77BE42A21C75F3D23EAA2EFE9D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ADE299A339663CA1A6EC2E6FFEB7964A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="5F15B328EF6F9A1FB9A9E6E2259CCEDE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes quichensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quichensis">
<emphasis id="4BD11ECB86A2610F55B0CADE6ECC6F4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes quichensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an attractive shrub that horticulturalists are trying to bring into cultivation and is sometimes available in seed catalogues. It has relatively large purple flowers with distinctive dark purple and green markings and widely ovate leaves. It has sometimes been confused with
<taxonomicName id="22C66478E5FBA7BD37A3FB8B2D4E7CF0" lsidName="L. pilifera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pilifera">
<emphasis id="5697262DE0608571C3DEF2BB17E0FC2C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. pilifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a species of Oaxaca, Mexico. The two species differ in fruit color (
<taxonomicName id="CD19C3BBDC641CFB1D26CDF32D73E966" lsidName="L. pilifera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pilifera">
<emphasis id="6586FABDC06A255EB134E507E5E5988D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. pilifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has purple-black fruits) and pubescence (the trichomes of
<taxonomicName id="996783E211DCD387ED28EBEC4BD218EC" lsidName="L. pilifera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pilifera">
<emphasis id="8B5B1E05A4936B5EBD6D8CE2833A52C8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. pilifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are darker and more tubular-conical upon drying than those of
<taxonomicName id="20028C31F8E0C9A5B9534CABACA4C494" lsidName="L. quichensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="quichensis">
<emphasis id="67073DC32ED635E188CC216DC9DBF264" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. quichensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which are pale yellow to white and flattened upon drying) (
<bibRefCitation id="868F26BC34C7E35F2A9F33BE1F742455" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.425.3.6" author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Phytologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B44" refString="Dean, E, McNair, DM, Castillo-Campos, G, Starbuck, T, Aguiano-Constante, MA, Mawdsley, K, Veliz-Perez, M, Archila, F, 2019b. Identification of the Mexican species of Lycianthes series Piliferae (Capsiceae, Solanaceae) and the rediscovery of Lycianthescaeciliae. Phytotaxa 425(3): 163-189. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.425.3.6" title="Identification of the Mexican species of Lycianthes series Piliferae (Capsiceae, Solanaceae) and the rediscovery of Lycianthescaeciliae. Phytotaxa 425 (3): 163 - 189." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.425.3.6" year="2019 b">Dean et al. 2019b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7A49B34C09E590922DBD6AFD85D50C57" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="2FECD340E7C5EFAC7A8F6560F9E89482" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Representative specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18D4E14735E2EB78A1E54575E688D6B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="3EDF8890CBF4D77A6CB09DCE9E64F041" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Guatemala. Chimaltenango</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken id="79B3E41B39CD04C5B6F7E3E4DA6AD8B9" originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
de Acatenango, [
<geoCoordinate id="9FEF6431F2B91A2835441909615E2722" degrees="14.5255" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="14.5255">14.5255</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FFF5508B6ED0441B055F9B0C969DE160" degrees="90.8753" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-90.8753">-90.8753</geoCoordinate>
], 2800 m, 22 Apr 1999,
<emphasis id="45D4921AC8AF4EDD4051376A8BED2889" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
M.
<normalizedToken id="E8AD13FBC4A8C1973F044D2B61F4486C" originalValue="Véliz">Veliz</normalizedToken>
7020
</emphasis>
(BIGU, MEXU).
<emphasis id="2D91255A80A2216288C84A4D2C0CD714" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Huehuetenango</emphasis>
: Mpio. La Libertad,
<normalizedToken id="A0E3EE0DDA1E21E3E2840D3572285582" originalValue="Peña">Pena</normalizedToken>
Blanca,
<geoCoordinate id="928BB2B98BB84109D20FDE29EA6A1B43" degrees="15.5075" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="15.5075">15.5075</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3A6D65207707817365D729C50F6E208E" degrees="91.9158" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-91.9158">-91.9158</geoCoordinate>
, 3193 m, 14 Dec 2000,
<emphasis id="803FDEDF649BB9F94D1D81B3C05380A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
M.
<normalizedToken id="56F9C72F4ACA27128DB8955CAEB5F1A9" originalValue="Véliz">Veliz</normalizedToken>
10846
</emphasis>
(BIGU, CAS).
<emphasis id="997C71C40F7104D0771AADC0F07350B6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Quetzaltenango</emphasis>
: Cumbre de Alaska, [
<geoCoordinate id="FFE4E76623579F204EE551BA595EF669" degrees="14.7560" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="14.756">14.7560</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FEEE4533C7C35A08195E1E291785F542" degrees="91.4705" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-91.4705">-91.4705</geoCoordinate>
], 3100 m, 10 Sep 1999,
<emphasis id="F241316779BC69B13D120E3B9A97F8A4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
M.
<normalizedToken id="7F947931E36D15A24A912D1AE2292F8E" originalValue="Véliz">Veliz</normalizedToken>
7285
</emphasis>
(BIGU, MEXU).
<emphasis id="4EE2FF37BB03DD3E43E7FB6B89A4F439" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="2B0B29850C15CFF74021958BD57F090D" originalValue="Quiché">Quiche</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Chiul, Apr 1892,
<emphasis id="38452842C339C996DEFB5D8DB97E7A7A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E.T. Heyde &amp; E. Lux 3450</emphasis>
(F, GH, M, NY, US).
<emphasis id="9A8B4443B6E1D1BBD54B6449FF886DA8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="0A51A7DB39AB324A7B0A49AB33D7F0C2" originalValue="Sacatepéquez">Sacatepequez</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken id="F3E23B655539BFD729598D4C2A601F4F" originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
de Agua,
<geoCoordinate id="EDDDD9E3F99689FA66EFD627704DCA94" degrees="14.4769" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="14.4769">14.4769</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2D5C59FCAD833706C825D11C37B7D4F9" degrees="90.7322" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-90.7322">-90.7322</geoCoordinate>
, 2852 m, 6 Feb 2006,
<emphasis id="924D033FC5329EAAD50AF0C33CF055FE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
M.
<normalizedToken id="80E1FDE57FA513B2099208EBABBA92C4" originalValue="Véliz">Veliz</normalizedToken>
16671
</emphasis>
(BIGU, TEX).
<emphasis id="5B5801AF17055543E20E6D0D23C8DF3F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">San Marcos</emphasis>
: Mpio. San
<normalizedToken id="83A6F3C903C1B1D449D584DE1D6144F6" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
Ojetenam, [
<geoCoordinate id="D3E41374F1236D239137BF25B23412E3" degrees="15.2342" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="15.2342">15.2342</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8FFDA61FD899C9A1A1476CD15440AAE1" degrees="91.9736" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-91.9736">-91.9736</geoCoordinate>
], 3100 m, 26 Nov 2009,
<emphasis id="884CEE5EFF52BAFE8965CB5C3A29BD5C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
F.
<normalizedToken id="2A73E8F1DBDF075CF96E7286BCE133C3" originalValue="Pérez">Perez</normalizedToken>
18
</emphasis>
(BIGU).
<emphasis id="65B1D79C68681118AFA09A6BF10B1911" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="9A16B9F4EB4CA30C7C34568339E67488" originalValue="Sololá">Solola</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: San Pedro La Laguna,
<normalizedToken id="AD9919E6EF66F175247DD30BD971B24C" originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
San Pedro, ladera noreste del
<normalizedToken id="515715033732126D35A105E3F5B7245A" originalValue="volcán">volcan</normalizedToken>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8DF08DCEEF863355385922FB56AA6A5C" degrees="14.6572" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="14.6572">14.6572</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C6B8B80077B8A899856567B266787613" degrees="91.2664" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-91.2664">-91.2664</geoCoordinate>
, 3006 m, 28 Jan 2005,
<emphasis id="232DD0D33F223DA852B432F2A215314C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. Pardo 27</emphasis>
(CAS).
<emphasis id="042463D35AF310D06067BD55E7116227" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="A11988C26396AFB4164329ABD5764156" originalValue="Totonicapán">Totonicapan</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken id="8A078A33CDAC16E866D1EE6AA4CD3109" originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="32933BA2B3D33B270610C988D0DD4567" originalValue="Tecún">Tecun</normalizedToken>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="3F4F0727E34590888B54D152CEC8CDE0" degrees="14.8341" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="14.8341">14.8341</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C8B315DB42EB871558DAD1553A2A3379" degrees="91.2174" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-91.2174">-91.2174</geoCoordinate>
], 3000-3600 m, 12--23 Jan 1966,
<emphasis id="28F18F2B9C37DC72054C2F35E6E5D6D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. Molina R. 16399</emphasis>
(CAS-DS, NY).
<emphasis id="19B57387F69DBA9F60CF356BD81842E7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mexico. Chiapas</emphasis>
: Mpio. Chamula, Tzontehuitz,
<geoCoordinate id="C241C490D4F62DE05461D88190407A3E" degrees="16.8108" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="16.8108">16.8108</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="39351C997C0225E98A87FA6883B0444F" degrees="92.5775" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-92.5775">-92.5775</geoCoordinate>
, 2740 m, 20 Apr 1999,
<emphasis id="3D97680E5F4C81169D2C1B7D157D1FD3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
L.Y.
<normalizedToken id="D3B1E2EEF962AD0BCA8991B826C39192" originalValue="Domínguez-Torres">Dominguez-Torres</normalizedToken>
70
</emphasis>
(DAV, MEXU).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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