341 lines
38 KiB
XML
341 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="D5DC1A49C693C23BF910B687F1E6DE75" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3964.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b334f640-11eb-4db6-afe0-25e7cf6e69d9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="242482" ID-ZooBank="DE38A5A7-32BF-44BD-A450-83EE872AE934" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461073908126" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mound, Laurence A. & Wells, Alice" docDate="2015" docId="03828E3AFF849E47FF4C8D1B3D747466" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03964p210.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3964 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Scirtothrips araucariae Mound & Wells, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="207" masterDocId="FFBBF642FF929E5FFFDB8C573E4A7503" masterDocTitle="Endemics and adventives: Thysanoptera (Insecta) biodiversity of Norfolk, a tiny Pacific Island" masterLastPageNumber="210" masterPageNumber="183" pageNumber="205" updateTime="1698585707535" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="822B3EA9E6DF77A0334F0F615F29E285" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="708A588C5EA6F7D97B78DEA19654C973">
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<mods:title id="B02E902C73C7B7FB71779DCAD9FEBBEA">Endemics and adventives: Thysanoptera (Insecta) biodiversity of Norfolk, a tiny Pacific Island</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5B18166B45911E2B42122E1AE3351010" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1A388F6D1A5091296663B8E08A7CBB2C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1C466E440755FFAA68D4FD1314F91DE1">Mound, Laurence A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="0A4B6D661C1CCEDE0F51FBE3389F653D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A816FCFED370349F13777ADD7453AD2E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C185634BF5D7294D5FB5689492A3A4DE">Wells, Alice</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A3E0CD974CABB042192C9BBF150E597F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2EE10974F4324BF324FEFB1F8B3D92BF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DC24B43B4C57CE6DE97461EE864D6BCB">
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<mods:date id="C50E1140C2D4ED5153915BB4AE5DA9C4">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5D5A096348762650738AE7D107FBB88B" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CF17846452E1E380A7E40A0F36960EDA">3964</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="2667D92157A8E652C31231187DF13B16">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="70B990722A08AE8D7383E194EF2192B9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3964.2.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03828E3AFF849E47FF4C8D1B3D747466" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5627885" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119617388" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5627885" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03828E3AFF849E47FF4C8D1B3D747466" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03828E3AFF849E47FF4C8D1B3D747466" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="207" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">
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<subSubSection id="C3316CA7FF849E49FF4C8D1B3DEB7781" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF849E49FF4C8D1B3FB37465" blockId="22.[151,505,332,358]" box="[151,505,332,358]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">
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<heading id="D0DC8840FF849E49FF4C8D1B3FB37465" bold="true" box="[151,505,332,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FF4C8D1B3FB37465" bold="true" box="[151,505,332,358]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF849E49FF4C8D1B3FFA7465" ID-CoL="4VMZP" box="[151,432,332,358]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="araucariae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FF4C8D1B3FFA7465" bold="true" box="[151,432,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Scirtothrips araucariae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C5E45FF849E49FE6C8D1B3FB37465" box="[439,505,332,358]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF849E49FF4C8DC53DEB7781" blockId="22.[151,1436,402,751]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">
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This species (
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<figureCitation id="131023A9FF849E49FEEF8DC53FFC74A8" box="[308,438,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,804,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,804,1909]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. Scirtothrips araucariae sp. n. (43) Head and pronotum; (44) Antennal segments II – VIII; (45) Tergites IV – VI; (46) Sternites V – VII; (47) Mesonotum and metanotum; (48) Tergites VII – IX." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242490/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">
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Figs 43
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FE508DC53FD374A8" bold="true" box="[395,409,402,427]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">–</emphasis>
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48
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</figureCitation>
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) is widespread across the island, but breeds only on the young terminal leaf tissues of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF849E49FF4C8DE03FEA74CC" box="[151,416,438,463]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FF4C8DE03FEA74CC" box="[151,416,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Araucaria heterophylla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. It is either endemic to the island or, like
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF849E49FC4D8DE13AF574CD" box="[918,1215,438,463]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Neophyllaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="araucariae">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FC4D8DE13AF574CD" box="[918,1215,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Neophyllaphis araucariae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that occurs in low numbers on the same trees, possibly a natural immigrant from an
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF849E49FCA48D8C3DB874F1" box="[895,1010,475,498]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FCA48D8C3DB874F1" box="[895,1010,475,498]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Araucaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species on
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<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF849E49FBAC8D8C3B6C74F0" box="[1143,1318,474,499]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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or eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF849E49FF4C8DA93F4B7714" box="[151,257,510,535]" name="Australia" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Australia</collectingCountry>
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. According to the key to Australian species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF849E49FCD48DA93AFE7714" authority="Hoddle & Mound 2003" authorityName="Hoddle & Mound" authorityYear="2003" box="[783,1204,510,535]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FCD48DA93DD97714" box="[783,915,510,535]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Scirtothrips</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA42DDFF849E49FC798DA93AE67714" author="Hoddle" box="[930,1196,510,535]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" refString="Hoddle, M. S. & Mound, L. A. (2003) The genus Scirtothrips in Australia (Insecta, Thysanoptera, Thripidae). Zootaxa, 268, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="2003">Hoddle & Mound 2003</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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it is similar in many character states to
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF849E49FEB38E743FAC7738" box="[360,486,546,571]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Plectrothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FEB38E743FAC7738" box="[360,486,546,571]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">S. australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, including the absence of microtrichia on abdominal tergites IX and X. However, in contrast to this new species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF849E49FE0F8E113C7C775C" box="[468,566,582,607]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Plectrothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FE0F8E113C7C775C" box="[468,566,582,607]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has one pair of pronotal posteromarginal setae about 50 microns long, and the postocular setal row lacks a minute seta between the two major setae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3316CA7FF849E47FF1C8ED93D747466" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="207" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF849E49FF1C8ED93D6A77EC" blockId="22.[151,1436,402,751]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FF1C8ED93FE377A5" box="[199,425,654,679]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Female macroptera</emphasis>
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: Body and legs pale brownish-yellow with no dark markings except antecostal ridge shaded on sternites IV–VII (
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<figureCitation id="131023A9FF849E49FE018EE53C7A77C8" box="[474,560,690,715]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,804,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,804,1909]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. Scirtothrips araucariae sp. n. (43) Head and pronotum; (44) Antennal segments II – VIII; (45) Tergites IV – VI; (46) Sternites V – VII; (47) Mesonotum and metanotum; (48) Tergites VII – IX." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242490/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
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); antennal segment I as pale as head, II usually slightly darker, III–VIII light brown; fore wing and clavus weakly shaded, setae brown.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF546FA4FF849E49FF4C8BDD3D9A72BC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242490/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" targetBox="[152,1436,804,1902]" targetPageId="22">
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<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF849E49FF4C8BDD3D9A72BC" blockId="22.[151,1436,1930,1983]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FF4C8BDD3F0772A3" bold="true" box="[151,333,1930,1952]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">FIGURES 43–48</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF849E49FE808BDD3C0372A3" box="[347,585,1930,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="araucariae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FE808BDD3C0372A3" box="[347,585,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">Scirtothrips araucariae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FD8B8BDD3CF172A3" bold="true" box="[592,699,1930,1952]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C5E45FF849E49FD8B8BDD3CC072A3" box="[592,650,1930,1952]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(43)
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</emphasis>
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Head and pronotum;
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FC408BDD3D8F72A3" bold="true" box="[923,965,1930,1952]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">(44)</emphasis>
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Antennal segments II–VIII;
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FB378BDD3B5F72A3" bold="true" box="[1260,1301,1930,1952]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">(45)</emphasis>
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Tergites IV– VI;
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FF648BFE3EA372BC" bold="true" box="[191,233,1961,1983]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">(46)</emphasis>
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Sternites V–VII;
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FE468BFE3F8D72BC" bold="true" box="[413,455,1961,1983]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">(47)</emphasis>
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Mesonotum and metanotum;
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF849E49FD2C8BFE3D6B72BC" bold="true" box="[759,801,1961,1983]" pageId="22" pageNumber="205">(48)</emphasis>
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Tergites VII–IX.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF859E48FF1C8CCF3B467763" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
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Antennae 8-segmented (
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<figureCitation id="131023A9FF859E48FE048CC03C7D75B3" box="[479,567,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,804,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,804,1909]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. Scirtothrips araucariae sp. n. (43) Head and pronotum; (44) Antennal segments II – VIII; (45) Tergites IV – VI; (46) Sternites V – VII; (47) Mesonotum and metanotum; (48) Tergites VII – IX." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242490/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
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), forked sense cone on III–IV short, not reaching more than one-third the length of succeeding segment; external sense cone on VI stout. Ocellar triangle on head with transverse reticulate striae; ocellar setae III not longer than length of one posterior ocellus, arising between hind ocelli; postocular setae I and III slightly shorter than ocellae setae III, postocular setae II and IV minute, usually shorter than diameter of basal pore (
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<figureCitation id="131023A9FF859E48FEFA8D703F3C7443" box="[289,374,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,804,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,804,1909]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. Scirtothrips araucariae sp. n. (43) Head and pronotum; (44) Antennal segments II – VIII; (45) Tergites IV – VI; (46) Sternites V – VII; (47) Mesonotum and metanotum; (48) Tergites VII – IX." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242490/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
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) [postocular seta I sometimes absent on one or both sides]. Pronotum closely striate, with irregular median transverse row of 6 discal setae; 4 pairs of posteromarginal setae, pair S2 less than twice as long as S1. Metanotum reticulate, median setae short and arising just posterior to anterior margin (
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<figureCitation id="131023A9FF859E48FB638D383B5A748B" box="[1208,1296,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,804,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,804,1909]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. Scirtothrips araucariae sp. n. (43) Head and pronotum; (44) Antennal segments II – VIII; (45) Tergites IV – VI; (46) Sternites V – VII; (47) Mesonotum and metanotum; (48) Tergites VII – IX." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242490/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
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). Fore wing second vein with 3 setae; first vein with group of 3 setae sub-basally, then about 4 setae, and 3 (or 4) setae on distal half; clavus with 4 veinal and one discal setae; distal posteromarginal cilia straight, but some cilia wavy nearer middle of wing. Abdominal tergites II–III with median setae (S1) small and closer together than their length, but on IV–VII S1 setae increasingly long and further apart; lateral microtrichial fields with only 2 discal setae; VIII with marginal comb of microtrichia, but no discal microtrichia medially (
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<figureCitation id="131023A9FF859E48FC728E733A4A773F" box="[937,1024,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,804,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,804,1909]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. Scirtothrips araucariae sp. n. (43) Head and pronotum; (44) Antennal segments II – VIII; (45) Tergites IV – VI; (46) Sternites V – VII; (47) Mesonotum and metanotum; (48) Tergites VII – IX." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242490/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
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); IX–X with no discal microtrichia. Sternites with lateral microtrichial fields scarcely extending mesad of marginal setal pair S2 (
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<figureCitation id="131023A9FF859E48FB708E103AB57763" box="[1195,1279,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 43 – 48" captionStartId="22.[151,264,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,804,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,804,1909]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 43 – 48. Scirtothrips araucariae sp. n. (43) Head and pronotum; (44) Antennal segments II – VIII; (45) Tergites IV – VI; (46) Sternites V – VII; (47) Mesonotum and metanotum; (48) Tergites VII – IX." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242490/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF859E48FF1C8E3B3F1E7617" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
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<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF1C8E3B3F3A7780" bold="true" box="[199,368,620,643]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="5490818EFF859E48FE5B8E3B3FAE7786" box="[384,484,620,645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female in microns). Distended body length 900. Head, length 85; width across eyes 150; ocellar setae
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FEB88EC73FE377AB" box="[355,425,656,680]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">III 12.</date>
|
||
Pronotum, length 90, width 160; posteromarginal setae
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1F59EBFF859E48FBF88EC73A2F77AB" box="[1059,1125,656,680]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" precision="925" value="-1.1666666">S1 10</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1F59EBFF859E48FBA98EC73AFC77AB" box="[1138,1206,655,680]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" precision="925" value="-2.25">S2 15</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. Metanotum median setae 15, submedian setae 25. Fore wing, length 600; veinal setae 10–20. Tergite median setal length, on
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FA8F8EE23BDD77CF" box="[1364,1431,692,716]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2010-03">III 10</date>
|
||
, distance between their bases 15; on
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FDF28E8F3C3F77F3" box="[553,629,727,752]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="1915-07">VII 15</date>
|
||
, distance between their bases 25. Antennal segments III–VIII length 40, 30, 35, 40, 6, 12.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF859E48FF1C8F483FDE763B" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1184]" box="[199,404,799,824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF1C8F483F4B763B" box="[199,257,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Male</emphasis>
|
||
: Not known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF859E48FF1C8F123E9176CB" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF1C8F123F5C765F" box="[199,278,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Larvae</emphasis>
|
||
: Yellow, weakly shaded anterolaterally on head, also antennal segment II and apex of abdominal segment X. Body surface very finely granulate with no reticulate sculpture; major setae finely pointed, scarcely 10 microns long except 25 microns on tergite IX; mesothoracic spiracles well developed, remaining spiracles very small.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF859E48FF1C8F833C897113" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF1C8F833FE376EE" bold="true" box="[199,425,980,1005]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Specimens studied</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="5490818EFF859E48FE658F833C6C76EE" box="[446,550,980,1005]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female,
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FD4F8F833D0076EE" bold="true" box="[660,842,980,1005]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF859E48FD4F8F833D0076EE" box="[660,842,980,1005]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, Highland Lodge, from young terminal leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FF4C8FAF3FD77113" box="[151,413,1015,1040]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF4C8FAF3FD77113" box="[151,413,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Araucaria heterophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FE708FA03C6F7113" box="[427,549,1015,1040]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2014-03-21">21.iii.2014</date>
|
||
(LAM 5908).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF859E48FF1C884A3C2B71A3" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5490818EFF859E48FF1C884A3F7D7136" box="[199,311,1053,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, all from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF859E48FE7E884B3C037136" box="[421,585,1052,1077]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
and same host plant:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2DF4A5FF859E48FC99884B3DE57136" box="[834,943,1052,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="female">6 females</specimenCount>
|
||
taken with
|
||
<typeStatus id="5490818EFF859E48FBED884B3AD27136" box="[1078,1176,1052,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and larvae; Palm Glen Track,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2DF4A5FF859E48FF3F88173F19715B" box="[228,339,1087,1112]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="female">7 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FE8688683F90715B" box="[349,474,1087,1112]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2014-03-21">21.iii.2014</date>
|
||
; Ball Bay Reserve,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2DF4A5FF859E48FD6E88173D69715B" box="[693,803,1087,1112]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FCF588683DE0715B" box="[814,938,1087,1112]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2014-03-24">24.iii.2014</date>
|
||
; Capt. Cook Reserve,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2DF4A5FF859E48FB7988173B5B715B" box="[1186,1297,1087,1112]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FAC088683BD2715B" box="[1307,1432,1087,1112]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2014-03-24">24.iii.2014</date>
|
||
; Burnt Pine,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2DF4A5FF859E48FEF988333FD9717E" box="[290,403,1124,1149]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FE7B88333C5F717E" box="[416,533,1124,1149]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2014-02-26">26.ii.2014</date>
|
||
; Red Road,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2DF4A5FF859E48FD7888333D4C717E" box="[675,774,1124,1149]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
from shrubs growing beneath
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FBB388333A917178" box="[1128,1243,1124,1147]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FBB388333A917178" box="[1128,1243,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Araucaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FB3088333B27717E" box="[1259,1389,1124,1149]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2012-12-27">27.xii.2012</date>
|
||
; Mt Bates,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2DF4A5FF859E48FF3888D03F0571A3" box="[227,335,1159,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
|
||
with larvae,
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FE3A88D03C1771A3" box="[481,605,1159,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2014-11-25">25.xi.2014</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF859E48FF4C88983D3770C3" blockId="23.[151,1436,1231,1472]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FF4C88983FA271EB" authority="Priesner" authorityName="Priesner" box="[151,488,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF4C88983FA271EB" bold="true" box="[151,488,1231,1256]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF4C88983F3671EB" bold="true" box="[151,380,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Scirtothrips inermis</emphasis>
|
||
Priesner
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: During
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FD9688983D4A71EB" box="[589,768,1231,1256]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2013-12">December 2013</date>
|
||
and
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FCED88863DE271EB" box="[822,936,1232,1257]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2014-05">May 2014</date>
|
||
females were found in good numbers on the young leaves of peach and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FE0A88A33C45700E" box="[465,527,1268,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="23" pageNumber="203" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">citrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
trees at several localities across the island, including Two Chimneys Road and Highland Lodge. This thrips has been taken in low numbers on Lord Howe Island and also mainland
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF859E48FB2489403B237033" box="[1279,1385,1303,1328]" name="Australia" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and has been reported as possibly native to the Canary Islands. Although common and widespread,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FB04896A3B797057" box="[1247,1331,1341,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FB04896A3B797057" box="[1247,1331,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">inermis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not seem to be considered a serious crop pest, in contrast to some members of this genus. Particularly curious is the apparent absence of any species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FDE289D33CF7709E" box="[569,701,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FDE289D33CF7709E" box="[569,701,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Scirtothrips</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on tree ferns on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF859E48FC5589D33A73709E" box="[910,1081,1412,1437]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in contrast to the situation in eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF859E48FF3689F03F1E70C3" box="[237,340,1447,1472]" name="Australia" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Lord Howe Island (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA42DDFF859E48FDBF89F03D3B70C3" author="Mound" box="[612,881,1447,1472]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" refString="Hoddle, M. S. & Mound, L. A. (2003) The genus Scirtothrips in Australia (Insecta, Thysanoptera, Thripidae). Zootaxa, 268, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="2003">Mound & Hoddle 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF859E48FF4C89B83D0173BE" blockId="23.[151,1437,1519,1725]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FF4C89B83FD2730B" authority="Uzel" authorityName="Uzel" box="[151,408,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Tenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frici">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF4C89B83FD2730B" bold="true" box="[151,408,1519,1544]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF4C89B83F03730B" bold="true" box="[151,329,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Tenothrips frici</emphasis>
|
||
(Uzel)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131023A9FF859E48FE7C89B83FB6730B" box="[423,508,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 42" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,189,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,187,1926]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 42. Thripidae species. (33) Anaphothrips dubius; (34) Anaphothrips sudanensis; (35) Apterothrips apteris; (36) Tenothrips frici; (37) Chaetanaphothrips orchidii; (38) Aptinothrips rufus; (39) Thrips novocaledonensis; (40) Thrips australis; (41) Hercinothrips bicinctus; (42) Plesiothrips perplexus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242489/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
): This southern European species is widespread around the world. In south-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF859E48FF4C8A433EB4732E" box="[151,254,1556,1581]" name="Australia" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
it breeds in the yellow flowers of weedy
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FD0C8A433D18732F" box="[727,850,1556,1580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
that are often called “dandelions”. The species was not common on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF859E48FE838A603C487353" box="[344,514,1591,1616]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but a small population was found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FC198A6E3A757353" box="[962,1087,1593,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieraceum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FC198A6E3A757353" box="[962,1087,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Hieraceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
flowers in
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FB138A603B377353" box="[1224,1405,1591,1616]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2013-12">December 2013</date>
|
||
at Bullocks Hut Road, and in the same week two females were taken in a yellow pan-trap near the start of Palm Grove Track. However, in
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FEA58A283C7D739B" box="[382,567,1663,1688]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2014-11">November 2014</date>
|
||
adults were found on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FCE58AD63DF0739B" box="[830,954,1665,1688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieraceum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FCE58AD63DF0739B" box="[830,954,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Hieraceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
flowers at several sites across the island, including Anson Bay, Mission Road, and Prince Philip Drive.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF859E48FF4C8ABB3C3472BA" blockId="23.[151,1436,1772,1977]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF4C8ABB3F8E7206" bold="true" box="[151,452,1772,1797]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF4C8ABB3EA97206" bold="true" box="[151,227,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Thrips</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FF308ABB3F8E7206" authority="(Bagnall)" authorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" box="[235,452,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Plectrothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF308ABB3F057206" bold="true" box="[235,335,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">australis</emphasis>
|
||
(Bagnall)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131023A9FF859E48FE0F8ABB3C607207" box="[468,554,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURES 33 – 42" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,189,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,187,1926]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 33 – 42. Thripidae species. (33) Anaphothrips dubius; (34) Anaphothrips sudanensis; (35) Apterothrips apteris; (36) Tenothrips frici; (37) Chaetanaphothrips orchidii; (38) Aptinothrips rufus; (39) Thrips novocaledonensis; (40) Thrips australis; (41) Hercinothrips bicinctus; (42) Plesiothrips perplexus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242489/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
): The gum-tree flower thrips is abundant across most of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF859E48FB7C8ABB3B5B7206" box="[1191,1297,1772,1797]" name="Australia" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, breeding in the flowers of many species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FDD68B583CC3722B" box="[525,649,1807,1832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FDD68B583CC3722B" box="[525,649,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and commonly existing as vast populations (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA42DDFF859E48FB7D8B583E9E724E" author="Mound" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" refString="Mound, L. A. & Masumoto, M. (2005) The genus Thrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) in Australia, New Caledonia and New Zealand. Zootaxa, 1020, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2005">Mound & Masumoto 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). On
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF859E48FECF8B633FF0724E" box="[276,442,1844,1869]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
it was found in large numbers in the flowers of trees in the National Park
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FAC48B633F417273" authority="Plantation" authorityName="Plantation" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="23" pageNumber="197" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FAC48B633BD6724E" box="[1311,1436,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||
plantation
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. One large sample was beaten from the leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FC9D8B003DF17273" box="[838,955,1879,1904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Dodonaea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FC9D8B003DF17273" box="[838,955,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Dodonaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the top of Mt Pitt in
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF859E48FB0B8B003B147273" box="[1232,1374,1879,1904]" pageId="23" pageNumber="206" value="2014-03">March 2014</date>
|
||
. This sample comprised newly emerged adults of both sexes that presumably had come from trees flowering in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF859E48FF4C8BF73FC072BA" authority="Plantation" authorityName="Plantation" box="[151,394,1952,1977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="23" pageNumber="197" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF859E48FF4C8BF73F5E72BA" box="[151,276,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="206">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||
plantation
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the foot of Mt Pitt.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B943F2CFF8A9E47FF4C8CC03D747466" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF8A9E47FF4C8CC03FFE75B3" bold="true" box="[151,436,151,176]" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FE33EFF8A9E47FF4C8CC03F1A75B3" bold="true" box="[151,336,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">
|
||
Thrips
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B44AFFF8A9E47FF378CC03F1A75B3" authority="Bagnall" authorityName="Bagnall" box="[236,336,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Tenothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imaginis">imaginis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Bagnall
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: At the time of the surveys reported here this species had NOT been found on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF8A9E47FA988CC03E9475D6" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, although as indicated above, adults were taken on Phillip Island in
|
||
<date id="FF9519ECFF8A9E47FBE68CEB3AA975D7" box="[1085,1251,188,213]" pageId="24" pageNumber="207" value="2014-10">October 2014</date>
|
||
. This island is approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CD392C9FF8A9E47FE988C883F3F75FB" box="[323,373,223,248]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="207" unit="km" value="2.0">2km</quantity>
|
||
square and lies
|
||
<quantity id="4CD392C9FF8A9E47FDED8C883C2275FB" box="[566,616,223,248]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="207" unit="km" value="6.0">6km</quantity>
|
||
south of Kingston Jetty on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF8A9E47FC6A8C883A1675FB" box="[945,1116,223,248]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It was heavily denuded by rabbits and goats for at least 100 years, but the National Park authorities have an active programme of revegetation. Currently there is no explanation concerning how this abundant Australian thrips species has become established on Phillip Island but not on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C7FBCFF8A9E47FD888D1B3CBD7466" box="[595,759,332,357]" name="Norfolk Island" pageId="24" pageNumber="207">Norfolk Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
itself.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |